2025届高中英语一轮复习（北师大版）选择性必修第三册：UNIT 9　HUMAN BIOLOGY

UNIT9

HUMANBIOLOGY选择性必修第三册内容索引基础知识排查核心考点突破写作能力提升基础知识达标><第一部分基础知识排查Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1235marathon n.马拉松赛跑athletics n.田径运动innovate vi.&

vt.革新，创新，改革vaccine n.疫苗resilience n.恢复力，复原力，适应力46798doping n.使用违禁药物(以提高体育比赛的成绩)clone vt.克隆，使无性繁殖

n.克隆动物或植物，无性繁殖的个体gene n.基因artificially adv.人为地，虚假地identical adj.完全相同的，非常相似的mammal n.哺乳动物camel n.骆驼cattle n.牛goat n.山羊10111214131517181916primate n.灵长目动物ape n.猿reproductive adj.繁殖的，生殖的clue n.线索，提示provoke vt.激起，引起2021222324ethical adj.关于伦理的；合乎道德的inferior adj.低级别的，下级的；差的，次的curse n.祸因，祸根；诅咒，咒语atom n.原子organ n.器官2526272829impulse n.(神经)冲动，(电)脉冲crossword n.纵横字谜，纵横填字游戏intake n.摄入量，摄取量omega n.欧米伽(希腊字母表的最后一个字母，即Ω，ω)epidemic n.传染病，流行病30313233virus n.病毒variation n.变化物，变体；差异，变动bacteria n.细菌baseline n.(医学或科学中的)基线，准线34353637parallel n.(不同地点或不同时间的两事物之间的)联系，相似

adj.平行的sample n.样本，样品

vt.品尝，尝试；对……做抽样调查CE 公元(用于日期后)lung n.肺38394041trial n.试验；审判，审理underline vt.强调，使突出；在……之下画线symbolically adv.象征地，象征性地mineral n.矿物质；矿产4243database n.数据库，资料库astronomer n.天文学家Ⅱ.重点单词——记形125justify vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护participant n.参加者，参与者barrier n.障碍，壁垒twin n.双胞胎中的一个forever adv.永远；长久地4367emotion n.强烈的情感，激情crucial adj.至关重要的，关键性的bound adj.很有可能，肯定会mere adj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的9810111312abuse vt.滥用，妄用；虐待

n.滥用；虐待contain vt.包含，容纳，装盛locate vi.&

vt.找出……的准确位置zone n.地区，地带factor n.因素，要素1415191817officially adv.官方地，正式地rare adj.稀有的，罕见的，不常发生的widespread adj.分布广的，广泛流传的estimate vt.估计，估算visible adj.看得见的1620212322symptom n.症状；征兆，症候bury vt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏pose vt.造成，引起，产生(问题、危险、困难等)

n.(为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势，姿态outbreak n.(战争或疾病)爆发，突然发生24282726actual adj.实际的，真实的thorough adj.彻底的，全面的，详尽的paragraph n.(文章的)段，段落phenomenon n.现象needle n.针252930suspect n.(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子victim n.(袭击事件、抢劫事件或凶杀案的)受害者biologyn.生物学→biological adj.生物的；生物学的→biologist n.生物学家capability n.(完成困难事情的)能力，才能→capable adj.有能力的Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变12infer vt.推断，推定→inference n.推断，推定calculate vt.计算，核算→calculation n.计算，核算→calculator n.计算器34physicist n.物理学家→physics n.物理学→physical adj.物理学的；身体的；物质的betterment n.(个人社会和经济地位的)改良，改善，提高→better vt.改善，提高；超过；胜过56edit vi.&

vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接→edition n.版本，版次→editor n.编辑，主编comparison n.比较→compare v.比较78wholly adv.完全地→whole adj.完全的accurate adj.准确的，正确的→accurately adv.准确地→accuracy n.准确性，准确度910treatment n.诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式→treat n.乐事；款待

vt.治疗；对待blessing n.福气，幸运→bless vt.祝福1112nerve n.神经；焦虑，恐惧，紧张→nervous adj.紧张的classify vt.将……分类；把……归入一类→classified adj.分类的；机密的→classification n.归类，分类，分级1314opposed adj.与某事物相反；反对某事物→oppose vt.反对→opposite adj.对面的；相反的→opposition n.反对，反抗15depressing adj.令人沮丧的，让人忧愁的→depressed adj.沮丧的，忧愁的→depress vt.令人沮丧；使萧条→depression n.沮丧；(经济)萧条16steadily adv.稳定地→steady adj.稳定的；稳固的→unsteady adj.不稳定的systematic adj.系统化的，有条理的→system n.系统，体系，制度1718globe n.地球，世界；地球仪→global adj.全球的corresponding adj.相应的；对应的→correspond vi.相一致；符合；类似于→correspondence n.一致；相似；相关；通信；信件1920identify vt.确定，发现；认出，识别→identification n.确定，发现；鉴定；辨认21[拔高词汇]背选修词汇12453interpretation/InˌtɜːprI'teIʃən/ n.表演，演绎；解释moody/'muːdi/ adj.喜怒无常的，情绪多变的egotistical/ˌiːɡə'tIstIkəl/ adj.自大的；自负的chore/tʃɔː/ n.家庭杂务；日常琐事drone/drəʊn/ n.无人遥控飞机678910collision/kə'lIʒən/ n.碰撞事故；冲突，抵触outweigh/aʊt'weI/ vt.比……更重要；比……更有价值terrorist/'terərIst/ n.恐怖分子envision/In'vIʒən/ vt.想象；展望lightweight/'laIt-weIt/ adj.比通常重量轻的1112inhabitant/In'hæbItənt/ n.居民technician/tek'nIʃən/ n.技师，技术人员Ⅳ.背核心短语12junkfood 不利健康的食品，垃圾食品leadto 导致incomparisonwith 与……比较起来agreatdealof 大量beboundto 一定；势必会beviewedas 被看作是3456789101112comeintocontactwith 接触到，和……接触beclassifiedas 被归类为onrecord 有记载的，记录在案的upto 多达；直到getthrough 度过，熬过；设法处理，完成inthecourseof 在……期间，在……过程中1314resultin 导致comeupwith 想出，想到1Theywerethefirst-everprimates(theorderofmammalswhichincludeapes，monkeys，andhumans)tohavebeencloned！(the＋序数词＋n.＋todo...)它们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长类动物(哺乳动物的一个类别，包括猿、猴子和人类)!Ⅴ.悟经典句式2Whilesomepeoplebelieveitiscrucialforscientificadvancement，othersraisemoralconcerns.(while引导的让步状语从句)尽管有些人认为这对于科学的进步至关重要，但也有人提出了道德方面的担忧。3Researchersinsistthatthescienceofcloningshouldbefurtherexploredandadvanced.(insist后接that宾语从句用虚拟语气)研究人员坚持认为，克隆科学应进一步得到探索与发展。4Withrecentpressreportsdrawingparallelsbetweenbirdfluandkillerepidemicsofthepast，JimSmithlooksatthesometimesdepressinghistoryofepidemicsforcluesabouthowwecancreateamorepositivefuturewithoutepidemics.(with的复合结构)随着最近的媒体报道将禽流感和过去的致命流行病相类比，吉姆·史密斯审视了有时令人沮丧的流行病历史，寻找关于我们如何创造一个更美好的没有流行病的未来的线索。5Scientistsnowestimatethatupto50%ofthearea’spopulationdiedfromtheepidemic，makingitoneofthemaincausesofthefalloftheRomanEmpire.(现在分词短语作结果状语)科学家们现在估计，该地区多达50%的人口死于这种流行病，使其成为罗马帝国衰落的主要原因之一。6Havingkilledupto50millionpeoplein18months，theSpanishFluisbelievedtohavebeenthemostsevereepidemicinhistory.(sb/sthbebelievedtobe/havebeen...某人/某物被认为是……)在18个月内造成5000万人死亡之后，西班牙流感被认为是历史上最严重的流行病。Ⅰ.阅读单词1.marathon n.____________2.gene n.______3.artificially adv.________________4.identical adj._______________________5.mammal n._________6.camel n._____词汇默写默写练习(一)马拉松赛跑基因人为地，虚假地完全相同的，非常相似的哺乳动物骆驼7.reproductive adj.________________8.clue n._____________9.provoke vt.____________10.ethical adj.________________________11.inferior adj.______________________________繁殖的，生殖的线索，提示激起，引起关于伦理的；合乎道德的低级别的，下级的；差的，次的Ⅱ.重点单词1.

vt.证明……有道理，为……辩护2.

n.参加者，参与者3.

n.障碍，壁垒4.

n.双胞胎中的一个5.

adv.永远；长久地6.

n.强烈的情感，激情justifyparticipantbarriertwinforeveremotion7.

adj.至关重要的，关键性的8.

adj.很有可能，肯定会9.

adj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的10.

vt.滥用，妄用；虐待 n.滥用；虐待crucialboundmereabuseⅢ.拓展单词1.

n.生物学→

adj.生物的；生物学的→

n.生物学家2.

n.(个人社会和经济地位的)改良，改善，提高→

vt.改善，提高；超过；胜过biologybiologicalbiologistbettermentbetter3.

vi.&vt.编辑，编校；剪辑，剪接→

n.版本，版次→

n.编辑，主编4.

adv.完全地→

adj.完全的5.

n.福气，幸运→

vt.祝福editeditioneditorwhollywholeblessingblessⅣ.拔高词汇1.egotistical adj._______________2.drone n._____________3.collision n.______________________4.lightweight adj._______________5.technician n.________________自大的；自负的无人遥控飞机碰撞事故；冲突，抵触比通常重量轻的技师，技术人员Ⅴ.核心短语1.junkfood __________________________2.leadto ______3.incomparisonwith ________________4.agreatdealof ______5.beboundto ______________不利健康的食品，垃圾食品导致与……比较起来大量一定；势必会Ⅰ.词形变化填空1.WhatimpressesusisMrWang’songoing

tochasehisdreams.Heisalways

ofachievinghisgoals.(capable)2.Whenyouareaskedto

somethingfromthetext，youmustmake

accordingtothepassageyoureadinsteadofyourimagination！(infer)3.Youwillneedto

howmuchtimetheassignmentwilltakeandmakearough

.(calculate)语境运用capabilitycapableinferinferencescalculatecalculation4.Don’t

everythingyouhavewithothers，foryouwillfeelyourlifelesssatisfactoryby

.(compare)5.Theinjuredmanisbeing

nowbythemostskilfuldoctors，soheislikelytocometolifesoonafterthe

.(treat)6.Basedon

data，Ican

describetheprojectandinotherwords，my

reliesonrelevantdata.(accurate)7.The

wasinterestedinthesubject—

andvarious

phenomenaattractedhisattention.(physical)comparecomparisontreatedtreatmentaccurateaccuratelyaccuracyphysicistphysicsphysicalⅡ.选词填空1.Inthepast，hisbadlearninghabit

hispooracademicperformance.2.He

aresponsible，kind-heartedandhard-workingdoctor.3.ThefirsttimeI

him，Iconsideredhimtobecompetentanddiligent.junkfood，leadto，beboundto，beviewedas，comeintocontactwithledtoisviewedascameintocontactwith4.Consumingtoomuch

isharmfultoourphysicalhealth，andweshouldkeepabalanceddiet.5.Youhavedonesomuchworkinadvancethatyou

passtheend-of-termexamination.junkfood，leadto，beboundto，beviewedas，comeintocontactwithjunkfoodareboundtoⅢ.经典句型仿写1.怀特先生总是第一个来公司的人。(the＋序数词＋n.＋todo...)MrWhiteisalways

.2.虽然他的妻子经常告诉他，他不必这么早去那里，但他就是不听她的话。(while引导的让步状语从句)

heneedn’tgotheresoearly，hejustwon’tlistentoher.thefirstpersontocometothecompanyWhilehiswifeoftentellshim3.他坚持认为他应该努力工作争取晋升。(insist后接that宾语从句用虚拟语气)Heinsistedthat

.he(should)workhardtogetpromoted默写练习(二)Ⅰ.阅读单词词汇默写1.organ n._____2.intake n.________________3.epidemic n.________________4.virus n.______5.variation n.__________________________器官摄入量，摄取量传染病，流行病病毒变化物，变体；差异，变动6.bacteria n.______7.sample n.____________

vt._______________________________8.lung n.____9.trial n._________________10.underline vt.______________________________11.mineral n._____________细菌样本，样品品尝，尝试；对……做抽样调查肺试验；审判，审理强调，使突出；在……之下画线矿物质；矿产Ⅱ.重点单词1.

vt.包含，容纳，装盛2.

n.因素，要素3.

adj.稀有的，罕见的，不常发生的4.

adj.分布广的，广泛流传的5.

vt.估计，估算6.

adj.看得见的7.

n.症状；征兆，症候containfactorrarewidespreadestimatevisiblesymptom8.

vt.埋葬，安葬；埋藏9.

vt.造成，引起，产生(问题、危险、困难等) n.(为画像、拍照等而摆的)姿势，姿态10.

adj.实际的，真实的11.

adj.彻底的，全面的，详尽的12.

n.(文章的)段，段落13.

n.针14.

n.(袭击事件、抢劫事件或凶杀案的)受害者buryposeactualthoroughparagraphneedlevictimⅢ.拓展单词1.

vt.将……分类；把……归入一类→

adj.分类的；机密的→

n.归类，分类，分级2.

adv.稳定地→

adj.稳定的；稳固的→

adj.不稳定的classifyclassifiedclassificationsteadilysteadyunsteady3.

adj.系统化的，有条理的→

n.系统，体系，制度4.

adj.相应的；对应的→

vi.相一致；符合；类似于→

n.一致；相似；相关；通信；信件5.

vt.确定，发现；认出，识别→

n.确定，发现；鉴定；辨认systematicsystemcorrespondingcorrespondcorrespondenceidentifyidentificationⅣ.拔高词汇1.

adj.喜怒无常的，情绪多变的2.chore n.___________________3.

vt.比……更重要；比……更有价值4.envision vt.____________5.

n.居民moody家庭杂务；日常琐事outweigh想象；展望inhabitantⅤ.核心短语1.beclassifiedas _________2.onrecord _____________________3.upto ____________4.inthecourseof _________________________5.resultin _____被归类为有记载的，记录在案的多达；直到在……期间，在……过程中导致Ⅰ.词形变化填空1.Hopingtocalmour

，wedecidedtospendtheafternoonatthelake.However，theideaoftakingthesameboatwiththebossmademe

.(nerve)2.Ididn’texpecttoreceive

frommywife，butthistimeshewas

tomyproposalsomehow.(oppose)3.Becauseoftheeconomic

，myfathergotmuchlesssalariesthanbefore，andwewereall

atthe

news.(depress)语境运用nervesnervousoppositionopposeddepressiondepresseddepressing4.

warminghascausedgreatconcernandweshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestoprotectthe

.(globe)5.Hemade

progressinhisstudyafterheworkeddayandnight

fornearlyafewmonths.(steady)GlobalglobesteadysteadilyⅡ.选词填空1.

thefirsttwochaptersiswhatIwilldotoday.2.Keepinmindthatwewillbedisqualifiedfromdrivingfor

threeyears.3.Youcanrelyonhimto

somegoodsuggestionsonhowtosolveyourproblem.beclassifiedas，upto，getthrough，resultin，comeupwithGettingthroughuptocomeupwith4.Asyouknow，Englishasalanguagecan

BritishorAmerican.5.Lastyearthebreakdownofhishealth

hisabandoninghisplantotravelallovertheglobe.beclassifiedas，upto，getthrough，resultin，comeupwithbeclassifiedasresultedinⅢ.经典句型仿写1.自来水还流着，我父亲就离开了家。(with的复合结构)

，myfatherleftthehouse.2.我从五岁起就一直学习英语，这让我很容易与英语母语者自由交流。(现在分词短语作结果状语)IhavebeenlearningEnglishsincefive，___________________________________________withnativeEnglishspeakersfreely.Withthetapwaterrunningmakingiteasyformetocommunicate3.杂交水稻之父袁隆平被认为是中国最伟大的科学家之一。(sbbebelievedtobe...)YuanLongping，fatherofhybridrice，_____________________________________________________.isbelievedtobeoneofthegreatestscientistsinChinaInthecurrentera，whatpeopledohurtsnotonly1.

(they)butalsoanimals，suchassomecamels，cattle，apesandgoats.In2.

(compare)withwidespreadtraditionalofflinemedicalcare，remotemedicalcareismorecrucial,3.

canbreakthebarriersoftimeandspace，andprovidethebestdoctorsandtheaccuratetreatmentforpatients.Butsomeillegalorganizations,4.

(whole)ignoringtheethicalprinciples，areburiedineditingsomefalseadvertisementsartificiallyandabusingnetwork，providingsomefalsecluesforpatients.themselvescomparisonwhichwhollyItisbound5.

(lead)topermanenthurttopatients，whichwillprovokeangryemotionsandmust6.

(forbid)forever.Tomakematters7.

(bad)，itisestimatedthatsomerareanimalsaredisappearing.Therearemanyfactorsfortheirdisappearance，andtheycanberoughlyclassifiedintotwocategories，partlybecausetheyhavenocapabilitytoadapttotheenvironment,8.

partlybecauseofhumanactivities，whichposeathreattotheirhabitats.toleadbeforbiddenworseandItis9.

(depress)thatsomepeoplekillanimalsbecausetheyattributetheoutbreakofsomediseasestothevirusestheseanimalscarry.Fortunately，mostpeopleareopposed10.

thispracticeandcallforeffortstodevelopthoroughandsystematicmeasurestoprotectanimalsontheglobe.返回depressingto><第二部分核心考点突破提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇•undertreatment在治疗中•treat...as...把……看作……；把……视为……treatsbtosth用某物招待某人，以某物款待某人treatsbwith...以……方式对待某人n.治疗；处理；待遇(treatn.乐事；款待vt.对待；治疗；请客)treatment1(1)BecauseIwasunder

(treat)，mymotherwasstronglyopposedtomyfathertreatingme

junkfood.treatmentto(2)通过社区服务，我完全意识到，我们不仅要以尊重的方式对待无家可归的人，而且应该把他们看作平等的人。(2022·浙江6月，读后续写)Throughthecommunityservice，Iwhollyrealizedthatnotonly_______

butwealso_______________

.shouldwetreatthehomelesspeoplewithrespectshouldtreatthemasequalsoulsadj.肯定会，很有可能；受束缚的，受约束的；有义务的vi.跳跃，跳跃着前进；形成界限bound2beboundtodo...肯定会……；有责任或义务做……beboundfor...准备前往……(1)(应用文写作之建议信)我相信，只有你全身心投入到比赛中，你才一定会成功。Iamconvincedthatonlyifyouaredevotedtothecompetition_________

.areyouboundtosucceed(2)在一个寒冷的日子里，告别了父母，我登上了一艘开往大西洋的巨轮。Onabittercoldday，aftersayinggoodbyetomyparents，Iwentaboardamassiveship

AtlanticOcean.(whichwas)boundforvt.分类，归类(classifiedadj.分类的；机密的

classificationn.分类，类别)3classifyo...把……分为……classifysb/sthassth把……划分为/界定为……(1)Epidemicsfallintodifferent

(classify)accordingtothewaytheyarespread.classifications(2)(应用文写作之建议信)有人建议，当我们背诵单词时，应该把它们分成不同的类别。例如，有些词可以归类为与体育有关的词。Itissuggestedthatwords________________________________________whenwelearnthembyheart.Forinstance，somewords________________sports-relatedwords.(should)beclassifiedintodifferentcategoriescanbeclassifiedasadj.相反的；对立的(opposevt.反对；抵制；阻挠oppositeadj.对面的；相反的oppositionn.反对)opposed(1)Igotaseat

(oppose)amiddle-agedmanwithsharpeyes，whokeptwatchingayoungwomaninawindowseatwithalittleboyonherlap.(2021·北京)4•beopposedto(doing)sth反对(做)某事•oppose(doing)sth反对(做)某事opposesb/sb’sdoingsth反对某人做某事opposite(2)Tobehonest，moststudentsoppose

(group)studentsrandomlyfortheupcomingoralpracticesessions.(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)→Tobehonest，moststudents____________________________________fortheupcomingoralpracticesessions.(3)我强烈反对大卫放弃越野跑。他紧紧地闭上眼睛，思索着我的反对。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)Istronglyopposed

thecross-countryrun.Heclosedhiseyestightly,ponderingon

.groupingareopposedtogroupingstudentsrandomlyDavid/David’sgivingupmyopposition(4)(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)Becauseallofmyfriendswereopposedtomyplan，Icouldn’tresistsobbing，hidingmyfaceinmyhands.→

，Icouldn’tresistsobbing，hidingmyfaceinmyhands.(用with复合结构改写)→

，Icouldn’tresistsobbing，hidingmyfaceinmyhands.(用独立主格结构改写)WithallofmyfriendsopposedtomyplanAllofmyfriendsopposedtomyplanburybury...in...把……埋到……；使……沉浸于……buryoneselfin(doing)...埋头于/专心于……beburiedin专心于buryone’sfaceinone’shands双手掩面5vt.埋葬；埋藏；使陷入；覆盖；掩藏(1)(读后续写之动作链描写)他一屁股坐地上，双手掩面，开始伤心地哭起来。Hefloppeddownontheground，

andbegantoweepsadly.buriedhisfaceinhishands(2)我每天专心读英文报Youth并获得了丰富多彩的知识。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)①I___________________________________________________________

andhavegainedlotsofcolorfulknowledge.②____________________________________________________________

，Ihavegainedlotsofcolorfulknowledge.(用分词短语作状语改写)burymyselfin/amburiedinreadingtheEnglishnewspaperYoutheverydayBuryingmyselfin/BuriedinreadingtheEnglishnewspaperYoutheverydayvt.怀疑

n.(犯罪)嫌疑人，可疑分子(suspicionn.怀疑；疑心suspiciousadj.怀疑的；可疑的)suspect6•suspectsbof(doing)sth怀疑某人(做)某事suspectsbtobe/as...怀疑某人是……•besuspiciousof/about...对……怀疑(1)(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)Hesuspectedmeof

(steal)theoldwoman’sgoldringandevenmybestfriendwas

(suspect)aboutmypersonalqualities，soIburiedmyfaceinmyhands，sobbinguncontrollably.stealingsuspicious(2)那个陌生人被怀疑是间谍，正在接受警方的审问。

，thestrangerisbeingquestionedbythepolice.(3)我们认为那个受伤的参赛者可能跑不完马拉松，但实际上他凭着坚强的意志成功了。

，butactuallyhemadeitwithstrongwillpower.用法点拨与suspectsbofsth结构相同的短语还有：informsbofsth通知某人某事；remindsbofsth提醒某人某事；robsbofsth抢劫某人某物；accusesbofsth控告某人某事；warnsbofsth警告某人某事。Suspectedtobe/asaspyWesuspectedthattheinjuredparticipantmaynotfinishthemarathon•本句中不定式短语tohavebeencloned作后置定语，修饰thefirst-everprimates。

当中心词是序数词或被序数词修饰时，常用不定式(短语)作后置定语。•英语中常用不定式(短语)作后置定语的情况：①被修饰词为序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时；②被修

饰词前有theonly，thevery，thenext等词对其进行修饰时；③不定代词

something，nothing，little等后；④抽象名词time，way，reason，chance，

ability，courage，opportunity，wish等后。Theywerethefirst-everprimates(theorderofmammalswhichincludeapes，monkeys，andhumans)tohavebeencloned！它们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长类动物(哺乳动物的一个类别，包括猿、猴子和人类)!the＋序数词＋n.＋todo...7(1)ThoughDavidwasthelastparticipant

(cross)thefinishingline，hewonallofouradmirationandcheers.(2)(读后续写之主旨升华)事实上，我们在日常生活中都有值得感激的事情，但有时我们只是没有意识到。Asamatteroffact，weallhavesomething

inourdailylife，butsometimeswejustdon’trealizeit.tocrosstobegratefulfor(3)约翰是第一个想到做爆米花帮助伯纳德挣外快的人。他相信他有能力帮助伯纳德走出困境。(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)Johnwas

tohelpBernardearnsomeextramoney.Hewasconvincedthathe____________________Bernardoutofthedifficulty.(4)(应用文写作之申请信)我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是班上唯一出国深造的学生。毫无疑问我是负责这项工作的最佳人选。IcanspeakfluentEnglishandIam________________________________

forfurtherstudy.ThereisnodoubtthatIam_______________

.thefirstpersontothinkofmakingpopcornhadtheabilitytohelptheonlystudentinmyclasstogoabroadthebestpersontoberesponsibleforthejob此句中的makingitoneofthemaincausesofthefalloftheRomanEmpire是现在分词短语作结果状语，表示意料、情理之中的结果；另外，动词不定式也可作结果状语，一般放在句子后面，且常表示出乎意料的结果，常与only，just等词连用。Scientistsnowestimatethatupto50%ofthearea’spopulationdiedfromtheepidemic，makingitoneofthemaincausesofthefalloftheRomanEmpire.科学家们现在估计，该地区多达50%的人口死于这种流行病，使其成为罗马帝国衰落的主要原因之一。现在分词短语作结果状语8(1)(应用文写作之自荐信)Firstofall，IspeakfluentEnglish.Itpermitsmetocommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdifficulty.→Firstofall，IspeakfluentEnglish，________________________________________________________.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)(2)(读后续写之片段描写)简气呼呼地走进森林，却发现自己认不清方向。更糟糕的是，天突然下起了大雨，使她更难找到离开这片陌生森林的路。Janestampedherfeetintotheforestangrily，

shecouldn’tidentifydirection.Worsestill，itrainedheavilysuddenly，

.permittingmetocommunicatewithvisitorswithoutdifficultyonlytofindthatmakingitmoredifficulttofindherwayoutoftheunfamiliarforest句中的“sb/sthbe＋过去分词＋todo...”可与“Itis＋过去分词＋that...”这个句型相互转换，根据具体情况，不定式可用一般式、进行式或完成式。Havingkilledupto50millionpeoplein18months，theSpanishFluisbelievedtohavebeenthemostsevereepidemicinhistory.在18个月内造成5000万人死亡之后，西班牙流感被认为是历史上最严重的流行病。sb/sthbe＋过去分词＋todo...9(1)ThomasEdisonwasconsidered

(invent)thebulb，whichbenefitspeoplegreatly.tohaveinvented(2)Hisdaughterissaid

(study)lawatuniversityandwillgraduatein2025.

→_____________________________________________________________________________(用it作形式主语改写)(3)他被公认为是世界上最伟大的物理学家之一。①He

oneoftheworld’sgreatestphysicists.②

heisoneoftheworld’sgreatestphysicists.返回tobestudyingItissaidthathisdaughterisstudyinglawatuniversityandwillgraduatein2025.isacknowledgedas/tobeItisacknowledgedthat><第三部分基础知识达标提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1.nerve(1)Iwasgoingtohaveagoatparachutingbutlostmynerveatthelastminute.

(2)Withtheencouragementandcomfort，Ifinallynervedmyselftobravelyfacethebarrier.

(3)Once，whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam(横杆)，Ifellontothestones，damaginganerveinmyhand.(2021·全国甲)

A.n.神经B.n.勇气C.vt.鼓足勇气____________BAC2.pose(1)Adultsareportrayed(描绘)aloneinmanysettingsandposes. (2023·新课标Ⅱ)(2)Pollutionposesathreattotheexistenceofthisspecies.

(3)WhenIfinallyposedthequestion，“Why？”hemerelyshrugged.

(4)HowcouldIpossiblytakethetimetoposeforasculpturenow？ (2020·天津)A.n.(为画像、拍照等摆的)姿势B.vi.摆好姿势C.vt.造成(威胁、问题等)

D.vt.提出；质询________________ADCB3.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的意思(1)Learningthathewasappointedasheadoftheteam，hecouldn’tcontainhisexcitementanddancedintothehouse._________________(2)Wecannotcalculateonhishelpbecauseheisnotreliable.

_____(3)Wesampledaselectionofdifferentbottledwaters.

_____(4)IgotupearlytocatchthetrainthatwasboundforShanghai._____(5)Asyouknow，IburymyselfinbooksattheschoolIamsofamiliarwith.