英语四级考试辅导资料

PAGEPAGE12英语四级考试辅导资料第一部分应试指导关于四级考试题型的构成听力理解2.阅读理解3.完形填空4.写作和翻译听力理解部分分值比例为35％，其中听力对话15％，听力短文20％阅读理解部分分值为35％，其中仔细阅读25％，快速阅读部分10％完形填空或改错部分比例为10％写作和翻译部分分值比例为20％总分为710分，听力249，阅读249，完形或改错70，作文142.答题时间为125分钟。第二部分写作策略四级写作的体裁包括说明文﹑议论文和应用文。写作的素材可以是中文，英文和图表。文章的基本结构TopicSentence↓Explanation↓ReasonEvidenceExampleExperiment↓Comment大学英语四级写作通常采用三段论模式，即：开头段，主题段和结尾段。二．写作实例分析（一）说明文(1)说明文一般用于解释和分析社会现象或社会问题。Paragraph1phenomenonParagraph2reasonsParagraph3suggestionsorsolutionsDrugabuseamongyoungpeoplehasbecomemoreandmoreprevalentoverrecentyears.Statisticsshowthatthenumberofyouthdrugusersalmostdoublesinthepastthreeyears.Itisvitaltoanalyzewhydrugsaresoattractivetoyoungpeopleandwhatcanbedonetocombatit.Firstly,teenagersareunderincreasingpressure–thismaybepeerorpressuretosucceedforexample.Drugusemayhelpthemescapereality,forgettheirproblems,orsimplyfeelmoreacceptedbytheirfriends.Inaddition,throughthemediaweareexposedtoinformationthatglamorizesdruguseandmakesitlookattractive,particularlytoyoungpeople.Furthermore,teenagersareusuallynaturallycuriousaboutdrug,anddrugdealerscantakeadvantageofthiscuriosityfortheirownprofit.Highfinesandprisonsentencesshouldalsobeimposedondrugdealersandusers.However,itismyownpersonalviewthatpreventionisbetterthancureandsoagoodeducationprogrammedaboutthedangersofdrugabuseisoneofthemostimportantstepsanygovernmentshouldtake.说明文（2）比较性说明文用于比较两种或几种类似的事物，要求考生通过比较它们各自的优点或缺点，说明自己的看法，并加以论证。Paragraph1phenomenonParagraph2advantagesParagraph3disadvantagesParagraph4commentsAmobilephoneisgettingincreasinglypopular.Statisticsshowthateightoutoftencollegestudentshavegotone.However,asisthecasewithmanyissues,amobilephonehasbothpositiveandnegativeaspects.Onthepositiveside,amobilephoneallowscallstobemadeinstantlyfromalmostanylocation.Thiscanbevitalwhereemergencyservicesneedtobecalledtothesceneofacrime,accidentorfire,wherenopublictelephoneisnearby.Meanwhile,amobilephonecanserveasaconnectiontotheInternet,whichcanbeextremelyconvenientforobtaininginformationwhereveryoumaybe.Thefactthatamobilephoneallowsapersontobecontactedatanytimecanititselfbeadisadvantage.Forinstance,anemployeemay,viathemobilephone,beconstantlyavailabletothisemployerandfeelsthatheneverleaveswork.Thismaycausedistress.Anotherdisadvantageistheperceivedhealthrisksassociatedwithitsuse.Somepeoplebelievethatusingmobilephonesforlongperiodscandamagethebrain.Thereisnodenyingthatamobilephonehadbothbenefitsanddrawbacksbutonbalanceperhapstheadvantagesofamobilephoneoutweighitsdisadvantagessinceamobilehasbecomeanintegralpartofmodernlife.说明文（3）图表写作也属于说明文的类型，结构如下：Paragraph1changeParagraph2reasonsorimplicationParagraph3conclusionTheperiod1995-2005witnessedarapidincreaseinthenumberofpeopleincityXtravelingabroad.Ascanbeseen,in1995,onlyabout10,000peopleinthiscitywentoverseaswhilein1995thisnumberquicklyroseto40,000.In2005,howeverthenumberofoverseastravelersurgedtoover120,000,whichismorethan10timesasmanyasthatof1995.Thischangecanbeaccountedforbyacoupleoffactors.First,alongwithsocialandeconomyprogress,thelivingstandardoftheChinesepeoplehasbeengreatlyenhanced,sotheyhaveenoughmoneyandtimetotravelabroad.Meanwhile,moreandmorepeoplewanttoenjoythemselvesandbroadentheirvisionbyvisitingoverseashistoricalplacesandexperiencingexoticcultures.Overseastravelhasaprofoundeffectonbothindividualsandthesociety.Itcanwidenourpeople’shorizons,promotefriendshipandenhanceculturalinteraction.Inthemeantime,itcanalsoboostoursocialeconomyandmakeoursocietymoreprosperousanddynamic.It’sgoodforournation’sprogress.（二）议论文（1）第一种形式要求考生针对某一有争议性的两种观点，来阐述自己的立场，或对这一问题反映出的某一观点进行驳斥，提出自己的看法并加以论证。MyViewonDataCollectionDatacollectionisafactofmodernlife.Somearguethatdatacollectionisendangeringtherightsofindividuals,thoughothersseeitasausefultoolwhichincreasesefficiency.Tobefrank,Ibelievedatacollectiondoesmoregoodthanharm.Foronething,databasesprovideaveryusefultool.Largedatabaseswhichcontaininformationonmanyindividualscanenablemoreeffectivedecisionstobemade.Institutionssuchasgovernmentdepartmentsandpolicerelyondatacollectioninordertooperateefficiently,andhospitalsusecomputerizedrecordstohelpintheirfightagainstdisease.Foranother,databasesstoredoncomputercanalsobeveryefficient.Datawhichhasbeencollectednoneareacanbesentanywhereintheworldalmostinstantly.Thismeansthatthosehavelegitimateaccesstothisdatacanworkveryefficiently.Insummery,datacollectiononindividualscanbejustified,althoughallpossiblemeasuresshouldbetakentominimizetherisks.议论文(2)第二种形式要求考生针对某一有争议性的观点，表明自己的观点，并提出自己的论证。Direction:itisveryimportantthatchildrenshouldstudyhardatschool.Timespentplayingsportistimewasted.Doyouagreeordisagree?Giveyourreasons?Wecouldarguethatchildrengotoschooltostudysothattheymaybecomefullyproductiveadultsandgoodcitizens.Weshouldaskwhetherplayingsporthelpschildrentobecomebetterpeople.Ifso,sportisnotawasteoftime.Itisgenerallybelievedthatstudentsneedmorethantheknowledgeofasubject.Theyneedtoknowhowtoworkingroupstoachieveamutualgoal,howtoworkasateam.Wherebettertolearnthoseskillsthanonthesportsfield?Anyoftheteamsportsinvolvecoordinationwithotherplayers,understandingandadoptingateammentality.Theseskillsaretoousefultobeignored.Moreover,itisimportantthatpeoplebehealthy,andgoodhealthisnotsoeasilyachievedinasedentarysociety.Sportgetsstudentsoutsideandgivesthemgoodreasontorunabout,thuscounteringhoursspentsittingstill.Soalthoughschoolstudiesareundeniablyimportant,weshouldregardtimespentplayingsportastimewellspent.应用文ALetterofApplicationDearSirorMadam,IamasophomorewithmajorinAutomation.ThoughIhavemadeagreatprogressduringmyfirstyearacademictraining,IfindthatIammoreinterestedinBusinessAdministration.NowIamwritingtoyoutoformallyrequesttoswitchtothisareaofstudy.ThemainreasonformydecisionisthatthemajorIamstudyinginismyparents’choice.TheyinsistedthatIshouldstudywhattheyhadlearnedbeforebutafterayear’sstudyIhavecometorealizethisisnotthecareerIwanttopursueinmyfuturelife.Besides,Ihaveattendedbusinessclassesasmyoptionalcourseandachievedagoodsuccess,whichfurtherconfirmsmydecision.Iamsorryforanyinconvenienceortroublethatmighthavebeencausedbythischange.Thedecisionisnotmadelightly.Idoappreciateyourkindconsiderationandsincerelyhopeyouwillgrantmetheshifttothenewdepartment.听力部分短对话部分包括8个短对话。解题技巧：听前积极预测听时随机应变长对话共有两篇，7个题目。题材一般与学校生活有关：课程内容（以上课为背景，介绍某个知识）打工内容（常涉及到工作的内容，与学习课程的冲突等）科学知识（以上课内容形式出题，范围极其广泛）度假旅游经历学校生活（餐厅的食物，某个教师等）住宿生活（特别是与室友或房东的矛盾）某个娱乐活动解题技巧：正确判断信息掌握一定的思维方式留心首句掌握出题形式，抓住听的重点听时做笔记短文听力3篇短文，共10道题。内容可以分为以下几类：科普性短文，介绍一些自然现象以及科学界的实验和研究成果。文化历史，风俗习惯，音乐艺术以及体育方面的短文，介绍这些领域中有影响的地方，事件和著名人物等。常识性短文，介绍生活，如衣食住行等方面的小常识。故事性短文，介绍一个有趣故事或某人的经历。与学生学习和生活密切相关的教育和校园生活的短文。解题技巧：分析题与题之间的关系，把握短文的大意。浏览选项，划出关键词。复合式听写：解题技巧：单词填空：一心二用有效记录加强练习，改进方法句子听写：关注动词后面的介词或副词搭配，这对理解句子有极大帮助关注并列的动词。对于长句，要在连词上下功夫，对于那些引导状语，定语，表语主语等从句的连词要特别敏感，这样才能从整个句子结构