2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit4BreakingboundariesPeriod4Developingideas阅读提能课课时素养检测含解析外研版选择性必修第二册

PAGE课时素养检测十六Unit4Period4Ⅰ.阅读理解AFredericklearnedhowtoreadandwriteatanearlyage.HealsoworkedhardintheBaltimoreShipyardsandsawhowhorribleslaverycouldbe.Hewasbeatenonseveraloccasions,byhismastersandothershipyardworkers.Hefinallydecidedtoescape,dressedasasailor,andmadeittotheNorth.InNewBedford,Massachusetts,in1838,FrederickmarriedAnnaMurray.ThecouplesoonmetupwithablackmannamedNathanJohnson,whoinvitedthemtostaywithhimandhisfamily.Atthattime,JohnsonwasreadingSirWalterScott’sbookTheLadyoftheLake.Eagertoleavehisoldidentitybehind,FrederickchangedhislastnametoDouglass,afteracharacterinthebook.HisfirstexposuretotheAnti-SlaverySocietywasthroughreadingthenewspaper,TheLiberator.HesoonmetWilliamLloydGarrison,thenewspaper’seditorandoneoftheleadersoftheAnti-SlaverySociety.DouglassgaveaspeechataSocietymeeting,andmanypeoplewereverymuchimpressed.DouglassthenwenttoworkfortheSociety.Andheworkedforitformanyyears.Afteratime,peoplebegantodoubtthesincerityofhisstories.Howcouldthismanwhospokewithsuchbigwordsandsuchhigh-mindedconceptshavebeenaslavejustashorttimeago?Toanswerthesecharges,Douglasspublishedhislifestory,NarrativeoftheLifeofFrederickDouglass,anAmericanSlave.DouglassthenwenttoEngland,wherehemadeimportantfriends,whohelpedhimbuyhisfreedom.FrederickDouglassreturnedtotheUnitedStatesin1847asafreeman.HemovedtoRochester,NewYork,andbeganpublishinganewspaper,TheNorthAfterLincoln’selectionandtheoutbreakoftheCivilWar,Douglasscontinuedtopressforthefreedomofslavesandanewcause,theintroductionofblacksoldiersintotheUnionArmy.In1863,boththethingshappened.LincolnissuedTheEmancipationProclamation,andCongresspassedalawapprovingblacksoldiersinthearmy.FrederickDouglassdiedin1895afteralongillness.Hisvoicecontinuedtobeheardlongafterhisdeath.【语篇概述】本文为一篇人物传记。文章介绍了美国黑人废奴运动领袖Frederick为实现黑奴解放所做的努力。1.WhydidFrederickchangehisnametoDouglass?A.Toforgethisterriblepast.B.TostaywithNathanJohnson’sfamily.C.TogetajobintheAnti-SlaverySociety.D.Tomakethenameeasytoremember.【解析】选A。细微环节理解题。由其次段中的Eagertoleavehisoldidentitybehind,FrederickchangedhislastnametoDouglass,afteracharacterinthebook.可知,弗雷德里克把名字改成道格拉斯是渴望抛弃自己的旧身份。故选A项。2.HowdidDouglassbegintoknowtheAnti-SlaverySociety?A.BygivingaspeechataSocietymeeting.B.ByworkingfortheAnti-SlaverySociety.C.BymeetingWilliamLloydGarrison.D.ByreadingtheSociety’snewspaper.【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。由第三段中的HisfirstexposuretotheAnti-SlaverySocietywasthroughreadingthenewspaper,TheLiberator.可知他第一次接触反奴隶制社会是通过阅读报纸。故选D项。3.ForwhatpurposedidDouglasspublishhislifestory?A.TogetthemoneytotraveltoEngland.B.Totellothershisownterribleexperience.C.Toclarifysomepeople’sdoubtabouthisstories.D.Tocontinuehisstruggleforthefreedomofslaves.【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。由第四段的doubt一词以及下文的几个问题可知,人们对他的真实身份表示怀疑,由Toanswerthesecharges,Douglasspublishedhislifestory,NarrativeoftheLifeofFrederickDouglass,anAmericanSlave.可知,道格拉斯出版他的生平故事是为了澄清人们对他的经验的怀疑。故选C项。4.WhendidDouglassbecomeafreeman?A.BeforehewenttoEngland.B.AfterhemetNathanJohnson.C.In1847whenhereturnedfromtheUK.D.AfterLincoln’selectionaspresidentoftheUS.【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。从第五段中的DouglassthenwenttoEngland,wherehemadeimportantfriends,whohelpedhimbuyhisfreedom.FrederickDouglassreturnedtotheUnitedStatesin1847asafreeman.可知,道格拉斯在英国结识的挚友帮助他获得了自由,1847年,他从英国回到美国时成为一个自由人。故选C项。BHow’sthisforacoincidence(巧合)?CharlesDarwinandAbrahamLincolnwereborninthesameyear,onthesameday:Feb.12,1809.Althoughpeoplehardlythinkofthemtogether,wewanttosaythattheybelongtogether.It’snotjustbecausetheywerebothgreatmen,andnotbecausetheyhappenedtoliveatthesametime.Rather,it’sbecausethescientistandthepoliticianeachstartedarevolutionthatchangedtheworld.Theywerebothrevolutionariesinthesensethatbothmenchangedtherealitieswhentheywereborn.Theyseemandsoundmoderntous,becausetheworldtheyleftbehindthemismoreorlesstheonewestilllivein.So,consideringthejointgreatnessoftheircontributionsandthecoincidenceoftheirbirthdays—itishardtowonder:whowasthegreatestman?It’sanapplesandoranges—orSupermanvs.Santa—comparison.Butifyoulimitthequestiontoinfluence,veryquicklythebalancetipsinLincoln’sfavor.Asgreatashisbookonevolutionis,itdoesnoharmtorememberthatDarwinhurriedtopublishTheOriginofSpeciesbecausehethoughthewasabouttobescooped(抢先)byhisfellownaturalistAlfredRusselWallace.Lincoln,however,isunique.True,hiselectionasthepresidentdidcausetherecession(衰退)andthewar,butthatwarseemscertaintohappen—notaquestionofifbutwhen.Certainlyweknowwhathappenedafterhewasmurdered:Reconstructionwasorganizedandthenabandoned,leavingtheissueofracial(种族的)equalityunsolvedforanothercentury.SurelyweshouldnotdenyDarwin’saccomplishment.Buttheirsamebirthdaysgaveusagreatopportunitytoobservethesemenoftheirtime.【语篇概要】本文为一篇说明文,对比了美国历史上两个特别闻名的人物,达尔文和亚布拉罕·林肯。他们广为人知,不是因为他们都特别巧合地诞生在同年、同月、同日,而是因为他们都开启了变更世界的革命:达尔文提出了生命进化的理论,而林肯带领美国经验了内战。5.WhydoestheauthorsayCharlesDarwinandAbrahamLincolnbelongtogether?A.Theywerebornonthesameday.B.Theylivedinthesameperiodoftime.C.Theystartedrevolutionschangingtheworld.D.Theywerebothgreatmeninthehistory.【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。由文章第一段中的It’snotjustbecausetheywerebothgreatmen,andnotbecausetheyhappenedtoliveatthesametime.Rather,it’sbecausethescientistandthepoliticianeachstartedarevolutionthatchangedtheworld.可知,作者说查尔斯·达尔文和亚伯拉罕·林肯属于同一类人是因为他们开启了变更世界的革命。故选C。6.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“anapplesandoranges—orSupermanvs.Santa—comparison”?A.Itishardtotellwhichoneisgreaterastheyarebothoutstanding.B.ThecomparisonbetweenDarwinandLincolniseasyandobvious.C.ItisdifficulttocomparethemastheyareasfamousasSupermanandSanta.D.Thereisnopointcomparingthembecausetheywerebornonthesameday.【解析】选A。细微环节理解题。从其次段中的So,consideringthejointgreatnessoftheircontributionsandthecoincidenceoftheirbirthdays—itishardtowonder:whowasthegreatestman?It’sanapplesandoranges—orSupermanvs.Santa—comparison.(因此,考虑到他们共同的宏大贡献和他们的生日巧合,我们很难去思索:谁是最宏大的人?这是一个苹果和橘子——或者超人和圣诞老人的比较)可知,假如单纯比较他们对人类的贡献与他们生日的巧合性,两个人难分伯仲。故选A。7.Lincoln’scontributiontotheworldcanbebestdescribedas_______.

A.narrow B.aggressiveC.independent D.ground-breaking【解析】选D。推理推断题。从其次段的Butifyoulimitthequestiontoinfluence,veryquicklythebalancetipsinLincoln’sfavor.及第三段中Lincoln,however,isunique.可知,林肯对世界的贡献更具有开拓性的里程碑意义。故选D。8.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Lincoln’ssuccessinelectioncausedreconstruction.B.Lincolnhadtriedtosolvetheracialproblem.C.DarwinwasuniquecomparedwithLincoln.D.Darwin’stheoryissimilartoLincoln’sbelief.【解析】选B。推理推断题。由文章倒数其次段中的Certainlyweknowwhathappenedafterhewasmurdered:Reconstructionwasorganizedandthenabandoned,leavingtheissueofracialequalityunsolvedforanothercentury.(我们当然知道在他被谋杀后发生了什么:重建被组织起来,然后又被抛弃,种族同等的问题过了一个世纪里依旧没有得到解决)可知,林肯曾经试图解决种族问题,但并没有达到目标。故选B。Ⅱ.完形填空(2024·潍坊高二检测)I’dalways1livingalone:thelifeofnorulesandregulationsandbeingindependent.So,Iwas2aboutthisnewstageinmylifewhenmovingintomyuniversitydormitory.

3,duringthefirstfewmonths,I’dfoundmyselfcryingeveryday.Comingfromabigfamily,Iwas4tonoisessurroundingme.Therefore,thescary5atnightwastheworst.Icouldn’teven6withoutkeepingthelightson.

Astimewentby,Istartedenjoyingthe7thatcamewithlivingalone.Thespaceoflonelinesswas8byfriendswhobecamelikefamily.

Whenitwastimetosaygoodbyeandgobackhomeaftermy9Iwasbittersweet.I’d10mytimealone,learningthingswhichwouldn’thavebeen11ifIhadnevermovedawayfromhome.

I’dlearnedalotfromthis12.Livingalonemademevalue13timeevenmore.Irealizedthateverysecondwiththem14thoughImightnotgetthefreedomIhadwhilelivingalone.Forme,thereisnowarmthinahouse15it’sfilledwithlovingmembersandpeopleyoulove.

【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲解并描述了作者曾幻想着能过独立的生活,但是当他因上高校离开家而住进宿舍时他又感到很不适应。在高校毕业之际,他很感谢高校期间他学会了独立生活,同时也懂得了珍惜与家人团聚的日子。1.A.kepton B.dreamedofC.insistedon D.putoff【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。kepton接着;dreamedof幻想;insistedon坚持;putoff推迟。从文中的I’dalways_______livingalone,thelifeofnorulesandregulationsandbeingindependent.可知,作者想要过独立的自由自在的生活。他特别憧憬这种生活。故选B。

2.A.delighted B.worried C.serious D.cautious【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。delighted兴奋的;worried担忧的;serious肃穆的;cautious谨慎的。文章第一句提到作者憧憬独立的生活;搬进高校宿舍,意味着独立生活的起先,幻想得以实现,故作者应当特别快乐。故选A。3.A.Undoubtedly B.UnwillinglyC.Unconditionally D.Unexpectedly【解析】选D。考查副词辨析。Undoubtedly的确地;Unwillingly不情愿地;Unconditionally无条件地;Unexpectedly意外地。结合下文I’dfoundmyselfcryingeveryday.可知,过上了自己憧憬的生活,应当是很兴奋才对,但出人意料的是,作者自己每天都在哭。故选D。4.A.deaf B.cruelC.accustomed D.opposed【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。deaf聋的;cruel残酷的;accustomed习惯的;opposed反对的。从文中的Comingfromabigfamily可知,作者来自大家庭,因此已经对噪音习以为常了,这也与下文的Therefore,thescary_______atnightwastheworst.习惯于吵吵闹闹,反而对夜里的宁静感到胆怯 。beaccustomedto“对……习惯,适应”。故选C。

5.A.boredom B.silenceC.darkness D.suffering【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。boredom厌倦;silence缄默,宁静;darkness黑暗;suffering苦痛。作者起先了独自生活,与家里之前的吵闹不同了,晚上只有可怕的宁静。故选B。6.A.sleep B.talkC.move D.play【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。sleep睡觉;talk谈话;move移动;play玩耍。依据上文Thescarysilenceatnightwastheworst可知,作者并不适应这种宁静的生活,因此晚上不开灯睡不着。故选A。7.A.confidence B.safetyC.relief D.freedom【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。confidence自信;safety平安;relief劝慰;freedom自由。由下文的ImightnotgetthefreedomIhadwhilelivingalone.可知,作者起先享受独立生活带来的自由。故选D。8.A.setaside B.takenoverC.filledup D.thrownaway【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。setaside留出;takenover接管;filledup装满;thrownaway扔掉。结合下文的byfriendswhobecamelikefamily可知,挚友的存在弥补了没有家人在身边的孤独,故挚友的存在填补孤独的空间。故选C。9.A.recovery B.graduationC.resignation D.promotion【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。recovery复原;graduation毕业;resignation辞职;promotion提升。上文介绍作者在学生期间适应了独立生活,而文章中提到的Whenitwastimetosaygoodbyeandgobackhome所指的是高校毕业。毕业后要离开校内回到家中,此时作者感到五味杂陈。故选B。10.A.hated B.desiredC.regretted D.enjoyed【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。hated憎恨;desired渴望;regretted懊悔;enjoyed观赏。由上文的Astimewentby,Istartedenjoyingthe_______thatcamewithlivingalone可知,作者享受独处的时间。故选D。

11.A.useful B.possibleC.reliable D.worthwhile【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。useful有用的;possible可能的;reliable牢靠的;worthwhile值得的。结合上下文语境,假如作者始终在家,而不是在学校的话,有一些事情可能就学不到了,例如,作者在校内所享受的独立的生活。故选B。12.A.adventure B.arrangementC.experience D.challenge【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。adventure冒险;arrangement支配;experience经验;challenge挑战。对作者来说,在高校期间的独立生活是他人生的一段经验,故选C。13.A.family B.studyC.work D.growth【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。family家人;study学习;work工作;growth生长。依据下文Irealizedthateverysecondwiththem_______thoughImightnotgetthefreedomIhadwhilelivingalone可知,经过高校的独立生活,作者比以前更加珍惜与家人相处的时间。故选A。

14.A.flew B.countedC.stayed D.repeated【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。flew翱翔;counted重要,认为;stayed停留;repeated重复。作者意识到,尽管作者可能无法获得独立生活时的自由,但和家人相处的每一秒都很重要,这使作者更加珍惜与家人在一起的生活,故选B。15.A.when B.onceC.unless D.though【解析】选C。考查连词辨析。when当……时;once一旦;unless除非;though虽然。对作者来说,假如没有自己所爱的家人,这个家就没有暖和,此处为条