专题14 时间原因方式地点比较状语从句及省略用法（讲案）-2024年高考英语语法知识清单+外刊原创语法填空（原卷版）

【上好课】2025年高考一轮复习知识清单专题14时间原因方式地点比较状语从句及省略用法（讲案）解析版（快问快答+思维导图+精讲精练+真题分层+原创语填）目录一、状语从句快问快答P1二、状语从句思维导图P2三、状语从句分层及连接词P3考点清单六、时间状语从句六大考点（表解）P3考点清单七、原因状语从句四种场合P5考点清单八、方式状语从句两大用法P6考点清单九、地点状语从句典型用法P7考点清单十、比较状语从句三大考点P7考点清单十一、状语从句两种省略用法P8分层训练（一）高考真题P9分层训练（二）模拟试题P9分层训练（三）语法填空（外刊原创）P10国际钢琴家郎朗在好莱坞星光大道摘星P10一、状语从句快问快答Q1：什么叫状语从句？A1：顾名思义，状语从句就是一个从句在句中相当于一个副词，表示时间、原因等。Q2：状语从句分哪九大类型？A2：根据功能，分让步状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、时间状语从句、原因状语从句、方式状语从句、地点状语从句、比较状语从句等。Q3：状语从句连接词有哪些？A3：状语从句连接词根据其具体功能变化而变化，具体参见“考点清单三、状语从句分层及连接词”。Q4：学习状语从句难点在哪里？A4：一是选择合适的连接词，二是判断从句的类型，三是在写作中如何巧妙运用状语从句提升句子表达力。Q5：阅读中遇到状语从句怎么办？A5：利用括号法把整个状语从句括起来视为一个整体来理解。Q6：学好状语从句有什么意义？A6：一能化繁为简迅速提高文章阅读能力，二能在书面表达巧妙运用状语从句提升句子表达效果。Q7：如何才能学好状语从句？A7：一是努力掌握状语从句基本知识框架，二是加强训练和背诵，积少成多，见多识广。二、状语从句思维导图三、状语从句分类及连接词从句类型常见引导词让步状语从句though,although,as,whether…or,while,nomatterwh-,-ever条件状语从句if,unless,once,incase,onconditionthat,supposing,providedthat,forfearthat目的状语从句sothat,inorderthat结果状语从句sothat,so…that,such…that,suchthat时间状语从句when,while,as,before,assoonas,themoment,thefirsttime原因状语从句because,as,since,nowthat,inthat方式状语从句as,asif,asthough地点状语从句where比较状语从句as…as…,than…,themore…themore…考点清单六、时间状语从句六大考点（表解）要点精讲1：“一……就……”多样化表达方式类型要点典型示例标准型assoonas引导时间状语从句，注意“主将从现”用法AssoonasIreachCanada,Iwillringyouup.我一到加拿大就给你来电话。名词型themoment/minute/instant/second+从句引导时间状语从句Shecametothespotthemoment/theinstant/theminutesheheardoftheaccident.一听说有事故，她就赶到了现场。副词型immediately/directly/instantly形式上是副词，其实这里转化为从属连词，引导时间状语从句Iwillgothereimmediately/directly/instantlyIhavefinishedmybreakfast.吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。介词型on/upon后接名词或动名词，构成时间状语Onarrivinghome/Onhisreturn,hefoundhiswifehadgonewithoutanynotice.他一回到家时发现妻子已经不辞而别。倒装型nosooner…than.../hardly…when…句式不同但意思相同，都表示“刚一……就……”，注意主句用过去完成时，且部分倒装（前提是nosooner/hardly位于句首）Nosoonerhadsheheardtheshockingnewsthansheburstintotears.她一听到这个震撼的消息就大哭起来。Hehadhardlyfallenasleepwhenhefeltasofttouchonhisshoulder.他刚要入睡就感到肩膀上被轻轻一触。要点精讲2：as,when和while引导的时间状语从句类型要点典型示例as强调从句动作与主句动作同时或几乎同时发生，译作“随着”。Wealwayssingaswewalk.我们总是边走边唱。Theatmospheregetsthinnerandthinnerastheheightincreases.随着高度的增加，大气越来越稀薄。when从句可以是时间点也可以是时间段，译作“当……时候”。Sorry，Iwasoutwhenyoucalledme．对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。（call为短暂性动词）WhenIlivedinthecountryside,Iusedtocarrysomewaterforhim.当我住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（live为延续性动词）HardlyhadIclosedmyeyeswhensomeoneknockedatthedoor.我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。while表示“在……期间”，谓语应用延续性动词。Strikewhiletheironishot.趁热打铁。（while译作“趁”）Whilemywifewasreadingthenewspaper,IwaswatchingTV.妻子在看报纸我在看电视。要点精讲3：till和until引导的时间状语从句类型要点典型示例肯定句式肯定句中，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词，表示某动作一直延续到某时间为止。I’llwaithereuntil/tilltherainstops.我将在这里等着，直到雨停。否定句式not/never/hardly...until...均表示“直到……才……”。Youcan’tgohomeuntil/tillyoufinishyourwork.直到你完成你的工作，你才能回家。倒装句式Notuntil…位于句首，主句采用部分倒装语序。Notuntilitwas12o'clocklastnightdidhegotobeduntil.他昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。强调句式Itwasnotuntil…that…构成强调句型。Itwasnotuntilitwas12o'clocklastnightthathewenttobeduntil.他昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。要点精讲4：after,before引导的时间状语从句类型要点典型示例after接从句，表示“在……之后”IwenttoschoolafterIfinishedmybreakfast.吃完早饭后我就上学了。before接从句，表示“在……之前”。有时根据语境翻译作“趁……”，“还没来得及……就”。Healmostknockedmedownbeforehesawme.他几乎把我撞倒才看到我。BeforeIcouldgetinaword,hemeasuredme.我还来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。常用于Itwillbe+时间段+before，Itwas+时间段+before…句型Itwon’tbelongbeforehecomesback.不久他就回来了。Itwasthreeyearsbeforeshegotmarried.过了三年她结婚了。要点精讲5：since引导的时间状语从句①since表示“自从……以来”，引导时间状从，从句谓语用一般过去时，常用于Itis+时间段+since…句型；②从句谓语是瞬时性动词，表示字面意思；是延续性动词则表示“自该动作结束以来”。如：It’stwomonthssinceshemovedhere.她搬到这里两个月了。It’stwoweekssinceshelivedhere.她不在这里居住两周了。IhavenotseenhersinceIleftNanjing.自从我离开南京后就再也没见过她。ItisfiveyearssinceIleftNanjing.自动我离开南京已经有五年了。要点精讲6：名词短语引导的时间状语从句every/eachtime每次nexttime下次thefirst/lasttime第一次/最后一次theminute/instant/second一……就后面直接跟名词，构成时间状语从句。EachtimehecomestoQingdao,hewilldropinonme.每当他来青岛，他都顺便来看看我。ThemomentIclosedmyeyes,Ifellasleep.一合上眼睛，我就睡着了。【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或单句改错。1.I’lltellherthenewsassoonasshe____________(come)back.2.On___________(arrive)home,Igaveheraphonecall.3.Nosooner_________MoYan__________(step)onthestagethantheaudiencebrokeintothunderousapplause.4.Ihadhardlygottotheoffice_________mywifephonemetogobackhomeatonce.5.He

made

for

the

door

____________(direct)

he

heard

the

knock.6.HardlyhadhearrivedinHongKongthanshe__________(ring)meup.7.Althoughyouaregreen,don'tworry.________yougetolder,you'llgetmoreexperienced.8.(2016·全国III卷)Overtime,_______thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.9.(2018•全国Ⅱ卷)Thegamesmyparentstaughtme_________Iwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.10.(2012辽宁卷)Notuntilheretiredfromteachingthreeyearsago____heconsiderhavingaholidayabroad.11.(2017北京卷)Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeople_______youfigureitout.12.(2018•全国Ⅱ卷)Ididn'trealizehowrightmyparentswere_________Ienteredhighschool.13.(2015重庆卷)Ifyoumissthischance,itmaybeyears______yougetanotherone.14.(2015天津卷)Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblem______wecansolveit.15.Hewastoldthatitwouldbeatleastthreemonths__________hecouldrecoverandreturntowork.16.(2013陕西卷)Ihaveheardalotofgoodthingsaboutyou_______Icamebackfromabroad.17.—It’sthirtyyears________welastmetinBeijing.—ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,thatwegotlostonarainynight.18.ThelasttimeIsawJaneshe______(pick)cottoninthefields.19.IhurriedtothespotatthemomentIheardthenews.(改错)20.WhathaveyoubeendoingwhenIsawyoulasttime?(改错)考点清单七、原因状语从句四种场合要点精讲1：because引导的原因状语从句because通常用于回答why引出的疑问句，语气最强，除特别强调外，该从句一般位于主句后面。Isaidnothingaboutitbecausehiswifewasthere./Isaidnothingaboutitbecauseofhiswife’sbeingthere.因为他妻子在那儿，我对此事只字未提。【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。要点精讲2：as引导的原因状语从句as引导的原因状语从句多位于主句之前，通常可以和since换用，as语气稍弱。Asitisraining,you’dbettertakeataxi.既然在下雨，你最好乘出租汽车。Asyouaretired,youhadbetterrest.既然累了，你最好休息一下。Iwenttobedearly,asIwasexhausted.我睡得早，因为我已筋疲力尽了。【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。要点精讲3：since引导的原因状语从句since表示人们已知的事实，不许强调的原因，故常译为“既然……”，通常位于主句前，相当于nowthat。Sinceyoudon'ttrusthim,youshouldnotemployhim.你既然不信任他，你就不该雇用他。Sinceyouarefreetoday,youhadbetterhelpmewithmymathematics.既然今天你休息，你最好帮我补习数学。要点精讲4：其他原因状语从句inthat“因为；基于……的理由”，可以和because换用，多用于正式文体，总是位于主句之后。Seeingthat/Consideringthat/Giventhat…表示“鉴于，考虑到”，通常用于非正式文体。Inthatheisill,hefeelsunabletodoit.因为他生病了，他觉得做不了那件事。Now(that)youaregrownup,youshouldnotrelyonyourparents.既然你长大了，就不应该依靠你的父母了。Considering(that)everybodyishere,let’sbeginourdiscussion.既然大家都到了，我们就开始讨论吧。Seeing(that)herefusedtohelpus,there’snoreasonthatweshouldnowhelphim.他既然曾经拒绝帮助我们，我们没有理由要来帮助他。【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1.(2016北京卷)Ireallyenjoylisteningtomusic________ithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.2.(2012·重庆改编)—Coach,canIcontinuewiththetraining?---Sorry,youcan’t,_______youhaven’trecoveredfromthekneeinjury.3.(2013山东卷)MarkneedstolearnChinese_______hiscompanyisopeningabranchinBeijing.4._________you'vegotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.5.AnimalssufferedatthehandsofManin_______theyweredestroyedbypeopletomakewayforagriculturallandtoprovidefoodformorepeople.考点清单八、方式状语从句两大用法要点精讲1：as引导的方式状语从句as引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，意思是＂正如……＂，＂就像＂，多用于正式文体。Leavethethingsastheyare.别动这些东西｡YoumusttrytoholdthetoolasIdo.你必须像我这样拿工具｡Alwaysdototheothersasyouwouldbedoneby.你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。要点精讲2：asif/asthough引导的方式状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，常译作＂仿佛……似的＂。Helooksasifheisangry.他看上去好像生气了。Itlookedasiftherewouldbeanexcitingrace.看来要有一场激动人心的比赛。Hestaredatmeasifseeingmeforthefirsttime.他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.“Youcan’tjudgeabookbyitscover,”theoldsayinggoes.2.Jackwasn’tsayinganything,buttheteachersmiledathimas________hehaddonesomethingveryclever.3.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlookasifit___________(break).4.Heclearedhisthroatasif___________(say)tosaysomething.考点清单九、地点状语从句典型用法where既可引导定语从句，也可引导状语从句。where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词,，where可替换成“介词+which'”；而状语从句前则无先行词。Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.回到你来的地方去。Wemustcampwherewecangetwater.我们必须在能找到水的地方露营。【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1.Halfanhourlater,Lucystillcouldn'tgetataxi________thebushaddroppedher.2.Afterapause,Iwentonwithmystoryjust________Ihadleftoff.考点清单十、比较状语从句三大考点要点精讲1：as…as…引导的原级比较状语从句as…as…引导的原级比较状语从句，第一个as是副词，第二个是连词，中间接形容词、副词原级。也可以是as+形容词+a(n)+名词+as结构。否定句中，可以替换为notso…as…。Hewokeupassuddenlyashehadfallenasleep.他醒来得和入睡一样突然。IhaveneverseensomuchrainasfellthatFebruary.我从未见过像那个二月那么多雨。要点精讲2：than引导的比较状语从句形容词/副词比较级+than…结构是常用比较级结构。Mandevelopedearlierthanpeoplethink.人类的出现比人们所想的要早。Hemovesmoreslowlythanhissisterdoes.他行动起来比他妹妹慢。Theyouthoftodayarebetteroffthanweusedtobe.今天的年轻人比我们过去的境况要好。【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。要点精讲3：The+比较级…，the+比较级…“The+比较级+主语+谓语，the+比较级+主语+谓语”是高频句型，表示“越……，越……”。Themorewecandoforyou,thehappierwewillbe.为你们做得越多我们就越感到高兴。Themoredifficultthequestionsare,thelesslikelyIamtobeabletoanswerthem.问题越困难，我就越可能回答。【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1.Akeyturningpointwillcomewhenelectriccarscostasmuchtoproduce______conventionalvehicles.2.HespeaksEnglishwellindeed,butofcoursenot______fluentlyasanativespeaker.3.(2020全国I)Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticularinteresttoscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山),moreso_______thefamiliarnearside.4.(2021浙江卷)Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuch__________(small)thanitistoday.5.The__________(careful)youlistentothetape,the_______(easy)youwillfindittounderstand.6.(2021新高考II卷)Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the__________(hot)thespring!Strange,isn’tit?考点清单十一、状语从句两种省略用法要点精讲：①状语从句含有itis或者主从句主语一致且含有be动词时，省略主语和be动词。②从属连词+现在分词，强调从句谓语动词与句子主语之间的主动关系。③从属连词+过去分词强调二者之间被动关系。④before和after后接动词，只能接动名词作宾语。If(itis)possible,hewillhelpyououtofthedifficulty.如果可能的话，他会帮你摆脱困境。As(hewas)young,helearnedhowtorideabike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。Goodpostureisessentialwhen(weare)workingatthecomputer.用电脑工作时良好的姿势极其重要。Becarefulwhen(youare)crossingtheroad.过马路时小心。Thereviewwouldthenbemadepublicwhen(itis)completed.审查工作完成后将向公众公布。【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词或单句改错。1.Theflowershisfriendsgavehimwilldieunless_________(water)everyday.2.While__________(walk)aloneinthestreet,Iheardmynamecalled.3.Nochildshallbe,unless______________(accompany)byanadult,allowedoutoftheschoolduringtheday.4.Donotleavethebuildinguntil_________________(instruct)todoso.5.Before________________(operate)on,hetooksomespecialmedicine.6.If__________(leave)alone,theyoungermembersofthespeciesaremorephysicallyactive.7.Thedirectorwasfullyconvincedthatthismovingstory,if_________(adapt)fortelevision,wouldbeahit.8.When_________(take)accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffects.9.Once_________(expose)tolight,thefilmwillbedamagedandgetuseless.,thefilmwillbedamagedandgetuseless.10.Wheneverpossibly,hewillcometomyhelp.改错分层训练（一）高考真题【即时训练】在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1.(2021新高考I卷)Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the_______(hot)thespring!2.(2021全国甲卷)After____________(spend)sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhatbetterthantorideonapieceofhistory!3.(2021全国乙卷)Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept__________thelate1980s.4.(2021浙江卷)Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuch_________(small)thanitistoday.5.(2020全国Ⅲ卷)_______heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendaryartist,theysmiledandpointeddowntheriver.6.(2020浙江卷)Farmingproducedmorefoodperperson_________huntingandgathering,sopeoplewereabletoraisemorechildren.7.(2018全国I卷)Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysitismoreeffectiveatlengtheninglife______walking,cyclingorswimming.8.(2018全国III卷)Cornuseslesswater______riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.9.(2018全国II卷)Thegamesmyparentstaughtme_______Iwasachildturnedouttobeveryusefullaterinmylife.10.(2017江苏卷)Located_______theBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.分层训练（二）模拟试题【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Howcanyouexpecttolearnanything____youneverlisten?2.Theyoungladyrushedintotheroom______sheheardthenoise.3.Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup________therehadoncebeenatheatre.4.Ifalotofpeoplesayafilmisnotgood,Iwon’tbothertoseeit,orI’llwait______itcomesoutonDVD.5.I’msorryyouhavebeenwaitingsolong,butitwillstillbesometime________youcangetyourpassport.6.Itshamesmetosayit,butItoldaliewhen______(question)atthemeetingbymyboss.7.While______(walk)alongthepaths,youcanhearthesweetsongsofbird.8.Nosooner_________he________(arrive)homethanitbegantorain.9.HespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifhe______(be)anativespeaker.10.After____________(arrive)inEngland,MarxworkedhardtoimprovehisEnglish.11.Whenfirst____________(introduce)tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.12.I’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong,butit’llstillbesometime____________Briangetsback.13.Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisen____________therewasnothingayearagobutruins.14.Ilikethisjacketbetterthanthatone,butitcostsalmostthreetimes____________much.15.Inmyopinion,____________introuble,weshouldseekhelpfromthosewetrustmostly.分层训练（三）外刊原创语法填空 ChinesepianistLangLanghonoredwithHollywoodWalkofFamestar国际钢琴家郎朗在好莱坞星光大道摘星ChinesepianistLangLang1(honour)withastarontheHollywoodWalkofFameinLosAngelesonApril12,inthecategoryofliveperformance.LangisthefirstAsianpianistwhohasreceivedastarontheiconicsidewalk."2(international)renownedpianistLangLanghassoldmil