高一英语阅读理解训练（含答案）

高一英语阅读理解限时训1

第一节阅读理解

A

Whenyoutakeacloserlookatthephotosofthe36contestantsforCCTV3'stalentshow

BravoYoungsters,youmayfindsomethingdifferent.

Ling,onecontestantontheshow,isseeminglyperfect.The25-year-oldBeijingwomanisa

socialmediainfluencer,whoserealisticappearanceiscomputergenerated（生成）.

YetLingbehaveslikeanactualhumansocialmediastar.Sheattendsfashionevents,

promotesdesignerclothesandbrands,andsharesherlifeonSinaWeibo.

“IlovetraditionalChineseculture,especiallyPekingOpera,calligraphyandtaichi.Ihope

thatIcaninterpret（阐释）theseartformsinmyownwayonthestageJLingpostedonherweibo

accountonNov22.

Actually,LingherselfisthebestillustrationofherloveforChinesetraditionalculture.

Hername,Ling,comesfromthefeatheredheaddress（头饰）worninPekingOpera.Her

voiceinthetalentshowfollowstheschool（流派）ofthelatePekingOperamasterMeiLanfang.

AndherfaceisevendesignedtolookgoodwhilewearingPekingOperamakeup.

AccordingtoChenYan,founderofBeijingNextGenerationCultureMedia,thecompany

behindLing,theyaimedtobuildthevirtualidol（虚拟偶像）intoawebinfluencerinterestedin

guofeng（Chinesenationalstyle）.

ChenZhefromthecompanyFreesFund,believesthattheriseofvirtualinfluencerswill

bringopportunities.

“Theyhavegreatadvantages.Unlikehumaninfluencerswhowillgetold,ormaybecome

involvedinsomesortofscandal（丑闻）,digitalinfluencersareyoung,flexible,manageableand

controllable,hesaid.

ChenYanalsopointedoutthatalthoughinfluencerslikeLingarevirtual,theirinfluenceis

real.Likeitornot,theywillbringbigchangestotheentertainmentandfashionindustriesinthe

nearfuture.

1.WhatsetsLingapartfromtheothercontestants?

A.Herpopularityonsocialmedia.B.Hercomputer-generatedexistence.

C.Herseeminglyperfectappearance.D.Herlovefordesigningclothes.

2.WhyisLingconsideredthebestillustrationofherloveforChinesetraditionalculture?

A.LingperformsPekingOperaontheshow.

B.LingdressesuplikeaPekingOperasinger

C.ShedisplaysvariousChineseculturalelements.

D.LinglikespromotingChinesecultureinthevirtualworld.

3.Whatadvantagedovirtualidolshaveoverhumaninfluencers?

A.Theyaremoreattractiveandtalented.

B.Theyactflexiblyindifferentsituations.

C.Theycanbecontrolledandmanagedeasily.

D.Theycanimpacttheentertainmentandfashionindustries.

B

Wenowareina“goldenage“ofspace-sampleretrieval（取回）andexploration.Space

agenciesaroundtheworldarebusycollecting,orplanningtocollect,samplesfromcelestial

bodies（天体）likeasteroids（小行星），moonsandplanets.

China'sChang'e5missionisthemostrecentsample-returnmissionthathasbeen

successfullycompleted.OnDec17,theChang5e5lunarprobe（探测器）returnedhomeand

landedintheInnerMongoliaautonomousregionafterweeksofspacetravel,ChinaDailyreported.

Thiswastheworld'sfirstlunarsample-returnmissionsince1976.Themissionretrievedan

incredible1,713gramsofsamplesofrocksanddustwiththehelpofadrill（钻孑anda

mechanical（棚戒的）arm.

Anotherspacesample-returnmissionwascompletedonDec6.Japan'sHayabusa2probe

returnedacapsuletoEarthcontainingvaluablesamplesfromtheasteroidRyugu.Thiswasthe

secondtimeasteroidsampleshaveeverbeencollectedandbroughtbacktoEarth.Thefirst

asteroidsampleswerecollectedbytheoriginalHayabusaspacecraftbackin2010.

Therewillbemoresuchmissionsinthenearfuture.NASA'sOSIRIS-RExspacecraft,which

collectedsamplesfromtheasteroidBennuinOctober,isexpectedtoreturntoEarthin2023.

Russia'sLunar-25missionisscheduledtolaunchtothemoonin2021tocollectlunarsamples.

Collectingthesesamplesfromdifferentcelestialbodiesisimportantbecausetheycanhelpto

answerquestionsthathavepuzzledscientistsfbryears,suchashowlifefirstcameaboutorhow

waterappearedonourplanet.

“Icannotemphasizeenoughhowvaluablereturnsamplesareforincreasingour

understandingoftheoriginandevolutionofoursolarsystemandourplaceintheuniverse,and

howwecametobe,“saidAnnNguyen,aNASAplanetaryscientist.

OncethespacesamplesaredeliveredtoEarth,theyarethenanalyzedwithhigh-powered

tools.Thesetoolscanhelptorevealmoredetailedinformationthanjustphotosorroboticrovers

（探测车）alone.

AsfbrtheChang'e5lunarsamples,scientistswillconductvariousanalyses,testsand

experimentstodeterminethecomposition（构成）,structureandphysicalcharacteristicsofthe

samples.Thisinformationwillhelptodeepenourknowledgeaboutthehistoryofthemoon,as

wellasoursolarsystemasawhole.

Wehaveonlyjustbeguntoscratch（抓）thesurfaceofsuchcelestialbodies,bothliterallyand

figuratively（象征性地）.However,wehavealreadylearnedsomuchandhavealotleftto

discover.

4.WhatdoweknowabouttheChang'e5lunarprobe?

A.ItwaslaunchedonDec17.

B.Itcollectedtheworld'sfirstlunarsample.

C.Itbroughtback1,713gramsoflunarsamples.

D.Itcompletedthemostsuccessfulmissionrecently.

5.Whichofthefollowingcollectedthefirstasteroidsamples?

A.Hayabusa.B.Hayabusa2.

C.OSIRIS-REx.D.Russia'sLunar-25.

6.Whatcanthesamplesshedlighton（阐明）？

A.Theoriginoflife.B.Structureofthesolarsystem.

C.Whichcelestialbodieshavewater.D.Howwaterfirstappearedonthemoon.

7.Whatwillscientistsdowiththesamples?

A.Analyzethemandconductexperiments.B.Determinetheirsources.

C.Comparethemwithspacephotos.D.Scratchtheirsurfaces.

C

Weknowthatartificialintelligence（AI）issmartenoughtodoafewthingsourmindscannot,

andwithincredibleaccuracy.Andnow,itseemsitalsohasthecapacitytodetectlonelinessin

humans,whichisanotherwisechallengingtask.

Anewstudy,ledbyresearchersattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegoSchoolofMedicine,

US,hasshownhowAItoolscanpredictlevelsoflonelinessfromaperson'sspeechwithan

accuracyrateof94percent.

Thestudyfocusedon80participantsaged66to94,apopulationparticularlyvulnerable（易

受伤的；易受攻击的）toloneliness.Thesubjectswereasked20questionsfromtheUniversityof

CaliforniaLosAngeles（UCLA）LonelinessScale,whichusesafour-pointratingscale（量表）for

questionssuchas“Howoftendoyoufeelleftout?"and"Howoftendoyoufeelpartofagroupof

friends?^^

Theywerealsointerviewedinprivateconversations,whichwererecordedandtranscribed

（转录）byresearchers.Thetranscripts（文字记录）werethenexaminedusingnaturallanguage

processing（处理）tools,includingIBMWatsonNaturalLanguageUnderstanding（WNLU）

software,toquantify（量化）expressedemotions.

Theinterestingthingaboutthissystemisthatitnotonlyusesdictionary-basedmethods,such

assearchingforspecificwordsthatexpressfear,butalsopresentscorresponding（相应的）

patternsbytestingthewordsusedintheresponse.

VarshaBadal,thefirstauthorofthestudy,notedthattheWNLUsoftwaresystemusesdeep

learningtoextract（提取）datafromkeywords,categories,emotionsandgrammar.

"Naturallanguageprocessingandmachinelearningcansystematicallyexaminelong

interviewsfrommultipleindividualsandexplorehowsubtle（微妙的）speechfeaturessuchas

emotionsmayindicateloneliness,Badalsaid."Similaremotionanalysesbyhumanswouldbe

opentobias（偏见），lackconsistency,andrequireextensive（大量的）trainingtostandardize.^^

Themorelonelyapersonfelt,thelongertheirresponsestodirectquestionsregarding

loneliness.Thesystemwascapableofnotjustdetectingthedegreeoflonelinessineachsubject,

butalsoshowingdifferencesbetweenthewaymenandwomenspokeaboutloneliness.Themen

werefoundtousemorefearfulandjoyfulwordsintheirresponses,whilethewomentendedto

acknowledgefeelinglonelyduringinterviews.

Co-authorDilipJestesaidthattheIBM-UCSanDiegoCenterisnowexploringnatural

languagepatternsoflonelinessandwisdom,whichareinversely（成反比地）linkedinolderadults.

“Speechdatacanbecombinedwithourotherassessmentsofcognition（认知），mobility（运动），

sleep,physicalactivityandmentalhealthtoimproveunderstandingofagingandtohelp

contributetosuccessfulaging,“hesaid.

8.Whatcanweknowaboutthestudy?

A.Itinvolved80middle-agedparticipants.

B.Itcouldreachashighas90percentinaccuracy.

C.ItreliedonAItoolsfromthebeginning.

D.Itsoriginaldatawaspartlyfromprivateinterviews.

9.HowdidtheWNLUsoftwaresystemcontributetothelonelinessstudy?

A.Bydetectingspeechpatternsthatshowemotion.

B.Byremovingbiasfromthetranscribingprocess.

C.Bylocatingspecificwordsinlongconversations.

D.Bystandardizingthetrainingofemotionanalyses.

10.Whichofthefollowingisamongthefindings?

A.Thedegreeoflonelinessisunrelatedtogender.

B.Thewaywetalkaboutlonelinessvarieswithage.

C.Lonelierpeoplehadlongerresponsesaboutloneliness.

D.Womentendtobemoreoptimisticaboutloneliness.

11.WhatdoesDilipJesteimplyinthelastparagraph?

A.Furtherstudyisneededtoimprovethesystem'saccuracy.

B.Altoolscanbeappliedtostudyingthesecretofaging.

C.Speechdataisimportantforassessingcognition.

D.Thestudyishelpfulforstudyingaging.

D

Itwasahot,humidsummerday,andIhadjustpulledintothelocalgasstationtofillmytank.

Afterpumpingthegas,Istartedtowalkinsidetopay.ThatiswhenInoticedthem.Twoelderly

womenwerestandingbackfromtheircar.Therewasamixtureofshockandfearontheirfaces.I

lookedandsawwhattheysaw:fiveyellowjackets（小黄蜂）buildinganestaroundtheirgascap.

Myeyeswidened.Isharedtheladies'fear.

Yellowjacketshadneverbeenfriendsofmine.Severaltimesthesewasps（黄蜂）hadattacked

mewhileIwascuttingthegrass,givingmemultiplestings（蛰）eachtimeIranovertheirground

nests.Theworsttime,however,happenedwhenIwasayoungboy.AfriendofmineandIwere

runningandplayinginmybackyard.Imusthavesteppedononeoftheirhiddennestsagain

becausebeforeIknewit,bothofuswerebeingchasedandstungoverandoverbythe

yellowjacketswhileweranawayscreaming.Irantomymomwithtearsinmyeyes.She

immediatelyranacoldbathandputusbothinittoeasethepainanditching（痒）beforegivingus

medicinetofightallthepoisoninourlittlebodiesfromthestings.

Still,IknewIcouldn'tletfearstopmenow.Ireachedintomybackpocketforapapertowel

Ihadthere,toreoutthenestandsteppedonitwhiletheangrywaspsbuzzedaroundme.Bothof

theladiesthankedme,andIsaid,"You'rewelcomewithasmileandahappyheart.

Inthislife,youcan'tletthefearofbeingstungeitherphysicallyoremotionallykeepyou

fromdoingwhatisright.Weneedtoloveeachotherandtochangetheworldforthebetter.

Andtheonlywayyoucandothisisonelovingact,onekindwordandonesharedsmileatatime.

Don'tlettheyellowjacketsinyourlifeholdyouback.Live!Love!Dogoodtoday!

12.Thepurposeofparagraph2isto.

A.explainwhytheauthorwasstruckwithfear

B.showthattheauthorwasangeredbythewasps

C.describehowbadlytheauthorwasstungbywasps

D.provethattheauthorwasn'tthesmallboyheusedtobe

13.Whydidtheauthordecidetohelpthetwoladies?

A.Hewantedtoovercomehisfear.

B.Hewasaskedbythetwoladies.

C.Hehadexperienceindealingwithwasps.

D.Hewantedtodowhathethoughtwasright.

14Whatdoestheunderlined“this"inparagraph4referto?

A.Makingfriendswithothers.B.Overcomingourshortcomings.

CBeingapopularpersoninlife.D.Makingtheworldabetterplace.

15.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthisarticle?

A.Toteachreadershowtodealwithyellowjackets.

B.Totellreaderstodokindthingsevenifthey'reafraid.

C.Tosharehisscaryexperienceswithyellowjackets.

D.Toshowhowhebeathisfearofyellowjackets.

第二节七选五

根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Whilebeingabsentfromnomallifeformanydays,youmayfindperhapssomeofyour

clothesareovergrownwithmushrooms(seriously)!16Butatsomeuniversitiesin

China,thesceneisthetotalopposite.

Photosshowingquilts（被子）airedhavebecomeahitonsocialmedia.17.Theyare

beingdriedonbalconies（阳台），playgroundsandanyavailableopenareasattheuniversities

aheadoftheresumption（恢复）ofschool.

Thequiltswerebroughtbystudentsfromhomeandhadalmostgonemoldy（发霉）but

thankstodorm-keeperstheyhavegonethroughaprocessofsunsterilization（杀菌）.

Topreventthequitsfrombeingmisplaced,thedorm-keepersattachedanotetoeachquilt

withthedormitoryarea,bedroomnumber,andbednumberonit.18

“19.Then,theywillbecollectedtoputawayaftergettingfluffy.Whenitbecomes

cloudyorit'slikelytorain,we'llcollectallofthemintime,aboutwhichthestudentsdon'thave

toworry."akeepernamedYanFengjuansaid.

Theideaoccunedtothedorm-keeperswhentheroomsstartedtosmellduringtheroutine

check.20.

A.Thedorm-keeperscollectedsomanymoldyquilts.

B.Theiractsofkindnesssoonreceivedwidepraise.

C.Withoutregularwear,theclothingcangrowmold.

D.Thereisnosinglequiltthatisnowheretobeseen.

E.Inthisway,itwouldnotcausetroubletothestudents.

F.Thecolorfulquiltsneatlycoverthedormitorybuilding.

G.Whenthesunisgood,thequiltswillbeairedfor3hours.

高一英语阅读理解限时训1

【答案】1.B2.C3.C

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了虚拟偶像对于中国传统文化的传播的影响以及

虚拟偶像的优点。

（1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The25-year-oldBeijingwomanisasocialmedia

influencer,whoserealisticappearanceiscomputergenerated.（这名25岁的北京女子是一名社

交媒体红人，她的真实外表是电脑合成的。）”可知，翎和其他选手不同的地方在于，她是由

电脑生成的存在。故选B项。

（2题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Actually,Lingherselfisthebestillustrationofher

loveforChinesetraditionalculture.（事实上，翎本人就是她对中国传统文化热爱的最好例

证。）”以及第六段“Hername.Ling,comesfromthefeatheredheaddressworninPekingOpera.

HervoiceinthetalentshowfollowstheschoolofthelatePekingOperamasterMeiLanfang.And

herfaceisevendesignedtolookgoodwhilewearingPekingOperamakeup.（她的名字叫翎，来

自于京剧中的羽毛头饰。她在才艺表演中的声音追随了已故京剧大师梅兰芳的风格。在京剧

化妆的时候，她的脸甚至被设计的看起来很美。）”可推断，翎展示了各种中国文化元素，因

此被认为她是热爱中国传统文化的最佳例证。故选C项。

[3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Unlikehumaninfluencerswhowillgetold,or

maybecomeinvolvedinsomesortofscandal,digitalinfluencersareyoung,flexible,manageable

andcontrollable]与那些会变老，或可能卷入某种丑闻的真人网红不同，虚拟网红是年轻的、

灵活的、可管理的和可控的。）”可知，虚拟偶像比人类有容易被管理和控制的优势。故选C

项。

【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.A

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地的太空机构对于小行星、卫星和行星

等天体样本的收集。

[4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段"Themissionretrievedanincredible1,713gramsof

samplesofrocksanddustwiththehelpofadrillandamechanicalarm.（这次任务在钻头和机

械臂的帮助下，获得了令人难以置信的1713克岩石和灰尘样本。）”可知，嫦娥五号月球探

测器带回了1713克月球样本。故选C项。

[5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Thefirstasteroidsampleswerecollectedbythe

originalHayabusaspacecraftbackin2010.（最早的小行星样本是在2010年由隼鸟号宇宙飞船

收集的。）”可知，最早的小行星样本是由隼鸟号收集的。故选A项。

【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Collectingthesesamplesfromdifferentcelestial

bodiesisimportantbecausetheycanhelptoanswerquestionsthathavepuzzledscientistsfor

years,suchashowlifefirstcameaboutorhowwaterappearedonourplanet.（从不同天体收集这

些样本很重要，因为它们有助于回答困扰科学家多年的问题，比如生命最初是如何产生的，

水是如何在我们的星球上出现的。）”可知，不同天体的样本能够说明生命的起源。故选A

项。

【7题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“AsfortheChang'e5lunarsamples,scientists

willconductvariousanalyses,testsandexperimentstodeterminethecomposition,structureand

physicalcharacteristicsofthesamples.（对于嫦娥五号月球样品,科学家们将进行各种分析、

测试和实验，以确定样品的组成、结构和物理特性。）”可知，科学家们将对样品进行分析实

验。故选A项。

【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.D

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能检测人类孤独感的一项研究过程和结

果。

[8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Theywerealsointerviewedinprivateconversations,

whichwererecordedandtranscribedbyresearchers.（他们还接受了私人谈话的采访，这些谈话

由研究人员记录和转录。）”可知,这项研究的原始数据部分来自私人采访。故选D项。

[9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Theinterestingthingaboutthissystemisthatitnot

onlyusesdictionary-basedmethods,suchassearchingforspecificwordsthatexpressfear,but

alsopresentscorrespondingpatternsbytestingthewordsusedintheresponse.（有趣的是,这个

系统不仅使用基于词典的方法，比如搜索特定的表达恐惧的单词，还通过测试回答中使用的

单词来呈现相应的模式。）“可知，WNLU软件系统可以通过检测显示情感的语言模式对孤

独研究。故选A项。

[10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Themorelonelyapersonfelt,thelongertheir

responsestodirectquestionsregardingloneliness.（一个人感觉越孤独，他们对有关孤独的直接

问题的回答就越长。）”可推断，更孤独的人对孤独有更长的反应。故选C项。

[11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“"Speechdatacanbecombinedwithourother

assessmentsofcognition,mobility,sleep,physicalactivityandmentalhealthtoimprove

understandingofagingandtohelpcontributetosuccessfulaging,“hesaid.（他说:“语言数据可以

与我们对认知、行动能力、睡眠、身体活动和心理健康的其他评估相结合，以提高对衰老的

理解，并有助于健康老龄化。“）”可推断，DilipJeste在最后一段暗示了这次研究对研究衰

老有帮助。故选D项。

【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.B

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者克服对黄蜂的恐惧帮助两位女士的故事，

呼吁读者要克服恐惧做自己认为正确的事情。

[12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Yellowjacketshadneverbeenfriendsofmine.（黄

蜂从来都不是我的朋友。）”以及自己几次遭到黄蜂攻击的经历可知，作者写第二段为了解释

自己害怕黄蜂的原因。故选A项。

[13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Inthislife,youcan'tletthefearofbeingstung

eitherphysicallyoremotionallykeepyoufromdoingwhatisright.（在这一生中，你不能让身体

上或精神上受到伤害的恐惧阻止你做正确的事情。）”可知，作者决定帮助两位女士的原因在

于他想做正确的事情。故选D项。

【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段“Weneedtoloveeachotherandtochangethe

worldforthebetter.Andtheonlywayyoucandothisisonelovingact,onekindwordandone

sharedsmileatatime.（我们需要彼此相爱，让世界变得更美好。而你能做到这一点的唯一方

法是，一次充满爱的行动，一句亲切的话，一个共同的微笑。）”可猜测，此处this指代change

theworldforthebetter（让世界变得更美好\故选D项。

[15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Inthislife,youcan'tletthefearofbcingstung

eitherphysicallyoremotionallykeepyoufromdoingwhatisright.（在这一生中，你不能让身体

上或精神上受到伤害的恐惧阻止你做正确的事情。）”以及全文内容可知，作者写这篇文章想

要告诉读者即使恐惧但依旧不能阻止自己做认为正确的事。故选B项。

【答案】16.C17.F18.E19.G20.B

阅读理解限时训练2

A

MuirWoodsandSausalitoHalfDayTour

Wanderthroughanancientcoastalredwoodforestandexploretheartisticbaysideonthis

half-daytourfromSanFrancisco.TravelacrosstheGoldenGateBridgetovisitMuirWoods,home

tosomeoftheoldestandtallesttreesonEarth.Attheendofyourtourchoosebetweengetting

droppedoffatUnionSquareinSanFranciscoortakingtheferrybacktoSanFrancisco.

YosemiteNationalParkandGiantSequoiasDayTrip

DiscoverthebeautyoftheSierraNevadaonthisfull-daytriptoYosemiteNationalParkfrom

SanFrancisco.TravelaboardacomfortablevanthroughhistoricGoldRushtownstoreachthepark,

whereyou'Hbeamazedbysupersizednaturalwonders.Takeahikeamongancienttrees,andenjoy

severalhourstoexplorethepark'swondersonyourown.

NiagaraFallsTour

EscapefromNewYorkCityandheadnorthtoseebothsidesoftheCanadianborderonthis

guided,2-daytourtoNiagaraFalls.VisitNiagaraFallsonboththeAmericanandCanadiansides

andtakearideonthefamousMaidoftheMistboat.Then,ontheroadbacktoNewYorkCity,make

astoptoshopattheCrossingsPremiumOutlets,oneofthelargestoutletmallsintheUS.

NapaandSonomaWineCountryTour

EscapetoCalifornia\famouswinecountryonthisfiill-daytourfromSanFrancisco.Taste

regionalvarietalsatthreedifferentwineriesincludingbothbig-nameandfamily-runestates（庄园）.

Learnaboutthewinemakingprocessduringguidedtours,andappreciatetheregionalculturewitha

stopforlunch.

21.Whichtourshouldyouchooseifyouwanttodosomeshopping?

A.MuirWoodsandSausalitoHalfDayTour.

B.YosemiteNationalParkandGiantSequoiasDayTrip.

C.NiagaraFallsTour.

D.NapaandSonomaWineCountryTour.

22.WhatcanyoudoonNapaandSonomaWineCountryTour?

A.AppreciatesomeoftheoldestandtallesttreesonEarth.

B.Enjoysupersizednaturalwonders.

C.Getsomewinemakingknowledge.

D.Takearideontheboat.

23.Whatdoesthewriterintendtodobywritingthepassage?

A.Tointroducesomeoutdooractivities.B.Tosharesometourexperiences.

C.Toadvertiseforthewinecountry.D.Tocallforprotectingnaturalwonders.

B

Acaloriedeficitisastateinwhichyouburnmorecaloriesthanyouconsume.Asoneofthe

mostpopularapproachesoflosingweight,howdoesitwork?Forexample,ifyouburn2,500

caloriesperdaybutonlyeat2,000,youhavecreatedadeficitof500caloriesperday.Thereis

mathematicalcertainty.But,thisbynomeanstellsthewholestoryabouthowcaloriesdeficitaffects

ourlives.

Beforewonderingwhatacaloriedeficitis,it'sprobablybesttoleamwhatacalorieis.A

calorieisaunitthatweusetotrackourbody'senergyexpenditure(7肖耗)andstorage.Inorderto

juststayalive,humanbeings(andanimals)burncalories.Thismeans,evenbeforeweperformany

activity,ourbodiesarealreadyusingenergy(measuredincalories)tokeepusalive.Around70%of

thecaloriesweconsumearespentonjustkeepingourvitalorgansrunning.Thus,ifaperson

consumescaloriesfarmorelessthanneededtolookthin,itmayhavenegativeeffectsonthebody.

Whenpeoplepickupacaloriedeficit,theyoftenmerelynotethatthecaloriemathisirrefutable

(无可辩驳的).Thequestionhereisthatnotallcaloriesarethesame.Ifyoueatafewbagsofpotato

chipworthofcaloriestosupportthecalorieintakeneededtomaintainorcutdownonyourweight,

itwillwork.But,thisdoesn'thavethesameeffectonyourbodyandoverallhealthasabalanced

nutritionalmealcontainingthesameamountofcalories.

Itseemslikeasimpleunitofenergyhasbecomeanobjectofoursociety'sobsession.Itneedn't

bethatway.Remember,caloriedeficitsarejustatool,whichservesapurposeinlosingsomeweight

andkeepingtrackofyourcalorieintakeseemssimpleenough.

24.Whatdoweknowaboutthecaloriedeficit?

A.Ithelpspeopleloseweight.

B.Itisawayofdoingexercises.

C.Itaffectspeople'slivespositively.

D.Itmeansthecaloriespeopleconsume.

25.WhichofthefollowingstatementscanbelearnedinParagraph2?

A.Acalorieisaunittostoredailyenergy.

B.Peopleneedtoburncaloriestobealive.

C.Calorieintakeistokeepourorgansoperating.

D.Livinganimalsonlyburncaloriesafteractivities.

26.Whatissuggestedforpeopletoloseweighthealthily?

A.Focusingonthecaloriemathwheneating.

B.Focusingondifferentcalorieswheneating.

C.Havingbagsofpotatochipscontainingenoughcalories.

D.Havingbalancednutritionaldietscontainingpropercalories.

27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Influencesofcaloriedeficits.B.Approachestoloseweight.

C.Distinctionsbetweencalories.D.Waystotrackcalorieintake.

C

Honeybeescan'tswim,andwhentheirwingsarewet,theycan'tfly,either.ButChrisRoh

andotherresearchersattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologyfoundthatwhenbeesdropinto

bodiesofwater,theycanusetheirwingstoproducelittlewavesandslidetowardland——likesurfers

whocreateandthenridetheirownwaves.

Aswithmanyscientificadvances—IsaacNewton'sappleorBenjaminFranklin'slightning

bolt—Dr.Roh'sexperimentbeganwithawalk.PassingCaltech,sMillikanPondin2016,he

observedabeeonthewater'ssurfaceproducingwaves.Hewonderedhowaninsectknownfor

flightcouldpushitselfthroughwater.

Dr.Rohandhisco-worker,MortezaGharib,usedbutterflynetstocollectlocalPasadena

honeybeesandobservedtheirsurf-likemovements.Theresearchersusedawiretorestricteach

bee'sbodilymovement,allowingcloseexaminationoftheirwings.Theyfoundthatthebeebends

itswingsata30-degreeangle,pullingupwaterandproducingaforwardforce.Beesgettrappedon

thesurfacebecausewaterisroughlythreetimesheavierthanair.Butthatweighthelpstopushthe

beeforwardwhenitswingsmovequicklyupanddown.It'satoughexerciseforthebees,whichthe

researchersguesscouldhandleabout10minutesoftheactivity.

Theresearcherssaidthesurf-likemovementhasn'tbeendocumentedinotherinsectsand

mostsemiaquaticinsectsusetheirlegsforpropulsion,whichisknownaswater-walking.Itmay

haveevolvedinbees,theypredicted.

Dr.RohandDr.Gharibhaveimaginedmanypracticalapplicationsfbrbees,surfing.One

planistousetheirobservationstodesignrobotsabletotravelacrossskyandsea."Thiscouldbe

usefulfbrsearchandrescues,orfbrgettingsamplesofthesurfaceoftheocean,ifyoucan'tsenda

boatorhelicopter,Dr.Gharibsaid.

28.WhatdoestheauthorintendtoshowbymentioningNewtonandFranklin?

A.Roh'sadmirationforthem.B.Roh'schancediscoveryaboutbees.

C.Theiroutstandingtalentforscience.D.Theirsimilarachievementsindiscovery.

29.Whatplaysthemostvitalroleinabee'smovingforwardonwater?

A.Theairweight.B.Itslegextension.

C.Thewatermovement.D.Itsc