山西省朔州市怀仁市第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期摸底考试英语试题 （解析版）

2024~2025学年怀仁一中高三年级摸底考试英语全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。4.考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。5.本卷主要考查内容：高考范围。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whosebirthdayisittoday?A.Cassie’s. B.John’s. C.Ashley’s.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Cassie,I’msorry.IthoughtI’dsetmyalarmclock,butIdidn’thearitring!W:Oh,no,John,Ashley’sbirthdaypartyisgoingtostartinafewminutes.Let’shurryupandgetthere.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdoesthemanthinkofAllan’spaintings?A.Funny. B.Terrible. C.So-so.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:HowdoyoufeelaboutmyfriendAllan’sartshowlastnight?M:Yeah,itwas...fun.W:Whatabouthispaintings?M:Theywere...Um,actuallytheywereterrible.Ihatedthem.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Davidofteneatshiswords.B.Herpartywasasuccess.C.Dr.Andrewputoffhislecture.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:David,areyoucomingtoDr.Andrew’slecturetomorrow?M:Ofcourse!Iwillbethere.W:Youknow,youalsosaidyouwerecomingtomyPaintMyKitchenParty,butyoudidn’t.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdothespeakerssound?A.Fine. B.Relaxed. C.Worried.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Thebossjusttoldmethecompanyisfineandonlycuttingafewjobs.M:Howisthatsupposedtomakemefeelbetter?Stevejustgotfiredtoday.W:Soundslikeheistryingtohidethetruth.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhathappenedtoJosh’ssisteryesterday?A.Sheservedthewrongdish.B.Shegotlostwithherbrother.C.Shefailedtobehaveherselfinpublic.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:YesterdayIhaddinnerwithJoshandhissisterSara.M:Um...whatdidyouthink?W:Sheisreallyrude.Sheactuallyshoutedatthewaiterintherestaurantforbringingherthewrongdish.Joshjustdoesn’tseehowunpleasantsheis.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.What’stheman?A.Ahotelreceptionist. B.Asalesman. C.Apainter.7.Whichcolourwillthewomantryon?A.Red. B.Black. C.Purple.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:CanIhelpyou?W:Yes,haveyougotthisT-shirtinothercolours?M:We’vegotitinwhite,black,redandpurple.Whatsizedoyouwant?W:Medium.M:OK,inmediumwe’vegotblackandred.W:Andinpurple?M:No,justblackandred.W:OK,red.CanItryiton?M:Yes,ofcourse.Thechangingroomsareoverthere.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthewomanthinktheman’sproblemis?A.Herefusedtolistentoher.B.He’sdisturbedbyotherthings.C.Hestoppedstudyingforlong.9.What’sthesecondthingthewomanasksthemantoavoid?A.Music. B.Thedog. C.Thephone.【答案】8.B9.B【解析】【原文】M:Idon’tknowwhattodo.IstartoffstudyingbutIalwaysendupdoingsomethingelse.W:I’llhelpyoubutpleaselistentome.Youneedtotakeawayallofthethingsthatstopyouworking.M:Whatdoyoumean?W:First,turnoffyourmusic.Musicdoesn’thelpyoustudy.Andputthedogoutside!M:What?W:Well,everytimethedoggoesintoyourroom,youstopstudyingtotouchit.M:OK.Bye,mydog!W:Haveanappleandaglassofwateronyourdeskbeforeyoustart.Hereyouare.M:Why?W:Becausethenyoudon’tneedtogotothekitchenforsomethingtoeatordrink.Andturnoffyourphone.Itstopsyouworking.M:OK,butIcan’tturnofftheInternetonmycomputer.Ineedittolookupinformation.W:OK,butyoucanturnoffyourmessages.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman’sworkday. B.Thewoman’sschoolday.C.Theman’sphone.11.Whywasitdifficultforthewomantofigureoutthethief?A.Somethingwaswrongwiththecamera.B.Toomanypeopleworethesamesuit.C.Thethief’sfacewascoveredtightly.12.Towhomwillthemanreportthetheft?A.Thepolice. B.CCTV. C.Theinsurance.【答案】10.C11.B12.C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Dad.Didyouhaveagooddayatwork?M:Sameasusual,really.Whataboutyou?Gooddayatschool?W:Yeah,prettygood.Exceptforonelittlething...M:What’sthematter?W:Doyourememberyoulentmeyourphone?M:Yes?W:Well,Iwasstandingjustoutsideschool,textingJack,andsomebodyranpastandstoleit.M:Youletsomeonestealmyphone?W:Ididn’tletthem.M:No,Isupposenot.Butdidyouknowthatmighthappen?Wasthatadangerousspot?W:Well,Ihadheardofthathappening,butI’dforgotten.Anyway,Ididn’tthinkitwouldhappentome.M:Didyouseewhoitwas?W:No.Itwassomeoneinabluetracksuit,andtherewereloadsofpeoplewhoworethose.Butthere’saCCTVcameraontheentrance.Itmighthavegotashotofthethief’sface.M:Youreporteditthen?W:Well,notyet,butIwilltomorrow.M:Allright.Don’tforgettoreportittomorrow.I’llhavealookattheinsuranceandseeifit’scovered.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Makingworkplans. B.Visitingacustomer. C.Bookingameetingroom.14.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthefirsttask?A.It’sinahurry. B.It’sunimportant. C.It’stime-consuming.15.What’stheman’slasttask?A.Writingareport. B.Startinganewproject. C.Sendinganemail.16.Whenwillthewomangiveapresentation?A.Today. B.Nextweek. C.Nextmonth.【答案】13.A14.A15.A16.C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Mario.Canyouhelpmepreparesomethingsforthenextmonth?M:OK,sure.W:IneedtovisitthecustomersinGermany.It’simportant.M:WhatcanIdotohelp?W:Canyousendanemailtothecustomers?AskthemwhenIcanvisitthemnextweek.Pleasedothisfirst.It’sveryurgent.M:Right.I’lldoittoday.W:Thanks.Thisnexttaskisalsoimportant.Canyouinviteeveryonetothenextteammeeting?M:Yes,Iwill.W:Butfirstyouneedtobookameetingroom.Afterthat,pleasesendeveryoneanemailaboutit.M:Yes,ofcourse.W:Andfinally,canyouwriteashortreportaboutournewproject?Ihavetogiveapresentationtoourmanagersnextmonth.Pleasedoitwhenyouhavetime—sometimeinthenexttwoorthreeweeks.It’snottoourgent.M:Sure,noproblem.Icandoitthisweek.W:There’snohurry.Takeyourtime.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhatisBelfastfamousfor?A.Makingropes. B.Buildingships. C.Sellingtea.18.Whatwillthevisitorsdothismorning?A.VisitCityHall. B.Attendaconcert. C.Gotoagarden.19.Wherewillthevisitorsgotomorrowmorning?A.TheUlsterHall. B.ThePalmHouse. C.TheUlsterMuseum.20.Howlongwillthetourlast?A.Oneday. B.Twodays. C.Threedays.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.B【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning,everyone.WelcometoBelfast,oneoftheyoungestcapitalcitiesintheworld.Inthe17thcentury,itwasonlyavillage.Thenduringthe19thcentury,thedevelopmentofindustrieslikerope-making,engineering,andteatradedoubledthetown’ssizeeverytenyears.Thecityiswellknownforitsshipbuilding.Itwasherethatthe“Titanic”wasbuilt.HereisyourbrieftouraroundBelfast.ThismorningyouwillvisitCityHall.Thisafternoon,youwillvisitthezooandthisevening,youwillgotoaconcertatUlsterHall.Tomorrowmorning,youwillvisittheUlsterMuseumandseethegoldtreasureofthe16th-centurySpanishwarship.Intheafternoon,youwillgototheBotanicGardensandyouwillwalkamongrareplants.AndthenyouwillvisitthePalmHouse.Youwillhaveafreeeveningsoyoucangotosomelocalpubs.YoucanenjoysomeIrishfolkmusicthere.Nextmorningat10,youwillflybacktoLondon.Ihopeyouwillenjoythetwo-daytour.Thanks.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATwoSpecialMuseumsBarbed(有刺的)WireMuseumIsthisthestrangestmuseumofall?Onething’sforsure—youwon’twanttotouchthehandiworkondisplay!InventedbyJosephGliddenin1874,thistypeofwirefencingquicklyturnedintoamulti-million-dollarindustry.Wherefarmersoncelettheiranimalswanderfreelyacrosstheprairies(草地),thiswirenowenabledlandtobesectioned—andthatinturn,changedthefaceofthe“WildWest”!Openedin1971,themuseumdisplaysover2,000varietiesofbarbedwire,aswellastoolsandequipmentusedinfencing.Whowouldcomehere?Thethousandsofbarbedwirefansacrosstheworld,itseems!TheSaltandPepperShakerMuseumOpenedin2001,theownersofthissmallmuseuminTennessee,USAareseriouscollectors!Theirmuseumhousesover20,000differentsaltandpeppershakers,someofwhichdatebackthousandsofyears!Withshakersshapedasastronauts,chickens,monks,lettersandcutepuppies,youwillbeamazedattheenormousvarietyonshow!Andwhileyoulookthroughtheirpackedshelves,youalsogettolearntheratherinterestinghistorybehindsaltandpepper.OnesaltshakertheLuddenfamilydon’thaveintheirmuseumistheCelliniSaltCellar.ThiswaspresentedtoFrancisIKingofFrance,in1543andwasmadefrompuregoldandit’sworthanamazing€50million!21.Whenwasbarbedwirefencinginvented?A.In1874. B.In1971. C.In2001. D.In1543.22.WhatcanwedointheSaltandPepperShakerMuseum?A.Takephotoswithastronauts. B.Usedifferentkindsofshakers.C.Learnhistoryaboutsaltandpepper. D.AdmireashakeronceusedbyFrancisI.23.Whatdothetwomuseumshaveincommon?A.Theyshowsomethingfamous. B.Theyshowsomethingunusual.C.Theyshowsomethingpopular. D.Theyshowsomethinghelpful.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了两个特殊的博物馆——带刺铁丝网博物馆和盐和胡椒瓶博物馆。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“InventedbyJosephGliddenin1874,thistypeofwirefencingquicklyturnedintoamulti-million-dollarindustry.(由约瑟夫·格利登于1874年发明，这种类型的铁丝围栏很快变成了一个价值数百万美元的产业)”可知，铁丝网围栏发明于1874年。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Andwhileyoulookthroughtheirpackedshelves,youalsogettolearntheratherinterestinghistorybehindsaltandpepper.(当你浏览它们货架时，你也会了解到盐和胡椒背后相当有趣的历史)”可知，我们可以在这家博物馆中了解盐和胡椒的历史。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Isthisthestrangestmuseumofall?Onething’sforsure—youwon’twanttotouchthehandiworkondisplay!(这是最奇怪的博物馆吗？有一件事是肯定的——你不会想碰这些展出的手工作品的！)”以及倒数第三段“Theirmuseumhousesover20,000differentsaltandpeppershakers,someofwhichdatebackthousandsofyears!(他们的博物馆收藏了超过20,000个不同的盐和胡椒瓶，其中一些可以追溯到几千年前！)”可知，文中介绍的两个博物馆都很不一般。故选B。BInSaskatchewan,Canada,vegetableshaveashortgrowingseason.SoaveryuniquefarminHudsonBayisgrowingfresh,pesticide-free(无农药的)vegetablesinahydroponic(水培的)farmallyearlong.Theretheplantsaregrowninwaterinsteadofsoil.Growingvegetablesinthemiddleofnowhere,about300kilometresnortheastofSaskatoon,mayseemlikeabigrisk,butthereisnootherplaceforpeopletogetlocallygrownfood.Produceisavailableinlocalsupermarketsbutitistruckedinfromfaraway.TheideatoturnthenolongerusedStewartHawkeschoolintoafarmcametotheNelswhenHudsonBayaskedforbids(投标)forthebuildingin2018.Itwasemptyandifanalternativeusewasn’tfound,itwouldbepulleddown.“Westartedlookingforideas,andwewentandproposeddoingthis,”JanNelsaid.“Andtheylovedit.”Aftertheproposalwasaccepted,thefamilyworkedtogethertopreparethebuildinginJanuary2019andtheyplantedthefirstseedsinjustoneclassroomthenextmonth.Thecompanyhasgrownandisnowusingseveralroomsthankstothequalityoftheproduceandthefactthatitislocal,accordingtoJuneNel.“It’snottwoweeksold;ithasn’ttravelledacrossthecountryoracrosstheworld,”shesaid.“Itactuallytasteslikelettuce.Lotsofpeoplehavecommentedonourherbs.Itactuallystilltastesfreshwhenyougetit,andthere’snopesticideused.”Sheexpectsmoreproducerstoturntohydroponicsinthefuturebutnotesthatthetechnologyislimitedtoonlysomefruitsandvegetablesanddoesn’tworkforpotatoesorgrains.“It’snottheanswertothefoodsecurityquestionorchallenge,butitwillplayanincreasinglylargerrole,”sheadds.24.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.VegetablesareplentifulinSaskatchewan.B.PeopleinSaskatchewancan’tgetfreshvegetables.C.HydroponicfarmsareverypopularinSaskatchewan.D.TheclimateinSaskatchewanisnotgoodforfarming.25.Whatdidthefarmusetobe?A.Asupermarket. B.Aschool.C.Agarden. D.Afactory.26.WhatisthebiggestadvantageoftheNels’vegetables?A.Theyarecheap. B.Theyarefresh.C.Theyarenutritive. D.Theyaredelicious.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ANewWayHelpsDealwithFoodSecurityB.AFamilyDevotetoImprovingPeople’sLifeC.AUsedSchoolTurnsintoaHydroponicFarmD.AnInnovativePracticeBooststheFutureofFarming【答案】24.D25.B26.B27.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了加拿大的Nels一家将一个废弃的学校改造为水培农场的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“InSaskatchewan,Canada,vegetableshaveashortgrowingseason.(在加拿大的萨斯喀彻温省，蔬菜的生长季节很短)”可知，Saskatchewan的气候不太适合农业种植。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“TheideatoturnthenolongerusedStewartHawkeschoolintoafarmcametotheNelswhenHudsonBayaskedforbids(投标)forthebuildingin2018.(2018年，当哈德逊湾对这栋建筑进行招标时，尼尔斯家族萌生了将不再使用的斯图尔特·霍克学校改造成农场的想法)”可知，这个水培农场过去是一个学校。故选B。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Produceisavailableinlocalsupermarketsbutitistruckedinfromfaraway.(农产品在当地超市就能买到，但都是从很远的地方用卡车运来的)”和第五段最后一句中“Itactuallystilltastesfreshwhenyougetit,andthere’snopesticideused.(当你拿到它的时候，它尝起来仍然很新鲜，而且没有使用农药)”可知，最大优势是蔬菜很新鲜。故选B。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“TheideatoturnthenolongerusedStewartHawkeschoolintoafarmcametotheNelswhenHudsonBayaskedforbids(投标)forthebuildingin2018.(2018年，当哈德逊湾对这栋建筑进行招标时，尼尔斯家族萌生了将不再使用的斯图尔特·霍克学校改造成农场的想法)”结合文章主要讲述了加拿大的Nels一家将一个废弃的学校改造为一个水培农场的故事。因此选项C“一个旧学校变成了一个水培农场”为本文最佳标题。故选C。CWeknowthatspendinglotsoftimesittingdownisn’tgoodforus,butjusthowmuchexerciseisneededtomatchthenegativehealtheffectsofsittingdownallday?Researchsuggestsabout30—40minutesperdayofbuildingupasweatshoulddoit.Upto40minutesof“moderate(温和的)tovigorous(有力的)intensityphysicalactivity”everydayisabouttherightamounttobalanceout10hoursofsittingstill,theresearchsays—althoughanyamountofexerciseorevenjuststandinguphelpstosomeextent.That’sbasedonastudypublishedin2020analyzingninepreviousstudies,involvingatotalof44,370peopleinfourdifferentcountrieswhowerewearingsomeformoffitnesstracker.Theanalysisfoundtheriskofdeathamongthosewithamoresedentary(久坐的)lifestylewentupastimespentengaginginmoderate-to-vigorousintensityphysicalactivitywentdown.Inotherwords,puttinginsomereasonablyintensiveactivities—cycling,briskwalking,gardening—canloweryourriskofanearlierdeath.Whileanalyseslikethisonealwaysrequiresomedetaileddot-joiningacrossseparatestudieswithdifferentvolunteers,timescalesandconditions,thebenefitofthisparticularpieceofresearchisthatitreliedonrelativelyobjectivedatafromwearables—notdataself-reportedbytheparticipants.Theresearchbasedonfitnesstrackersisbroadlyinlinewiththe2020WHOguidelines,whichrecommend150—300minsofmoderateintensityor75—150minsofvigorousintensityphysicalactivityeveryweektobalanceoutsedentarybehaviour.Walkingupthestairsinsteadoftakingthelift,playingwithchildrenandpets,takingpartinyogaordancing,doinghouseholdchores,walking,andcyclingareallputforwardaswaysinwhichpeoplecanbemoreactive—andifyoucan’tmanagethe30—40minutesrightaway,theresearcherssay,startoffsmall.28.Howdoestheauthorstartthetext?A.Bytellingstories. B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Byraisingquestions.29.Whatdidtheresearchfind?A.Thelongeryousitstill,theearlieryouwilldie.B.Themoreyouexercise,thehealthieryouwillbe.C.Productivitycanbeimprovedthroughphysicalactivities.D.Properintensiveactivitieshelpreducetheriskofearlierdeath.30.Whyistheresearchreliable?A.It’sbasedonpreviousstudies.B.Itsdataisrelativelyobjective.C.It’scarriedoutindifferentcountries.D.Itsdataisfromtheparticipants’reports.31.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Toanalyzetheriskofsittingstill.B.Torecommendahealthylifestyle.C.Toinspirepeopletodomoreexercise.D.Toshowbenefitsofphysicalactivities.【答案】28.D29.D30.B31.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们应该需要多少锻炼来抵消我们久坐所造成的负面影响，从而鼓励人们多参加锻炼。【28题详解】推理判断题，根据第一段第一句“Weknowthatspendinglotsoftimesittingdownisn’tgoodforusbutjusthowmuchexerciseisneededtomatchthenegativehealtheffectsofsittingdownallday?”（我们知道花很多时间坐着对我们没有好处，但我们知道需要多少运动才能应对整天坐着对健康的负面影响）可知，本文以设问的方式开篇。故选D项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Inotherwords,puttinginsomereasonablyintensiveactivities—cycling,briskwalking,gardening—canloweryourriskofanearlierdeath.”（换句话说，进行一些强度合理的活动——骑自行车、快走、园艺——可以降低你过早死亡的风险。）可知，这个研究发现恰当的高强度活动有助于减少早亡的风险。故选D项。【30题详解】细节理解题，根据第四段中“thebenefitofthisparticularpieceofresearchisthatitreliedonrelativelyobjectivedatafromwearables—notdataself-reportedbytheparticipants”（这项研究的好处是，它依赖于可穿戴设备的相对客观的数据，而不是参与者自我报告的数据）可知，这个调查可信是因为它的数据相对来说更客观。故选B项。【31题详解】推理判断题，根据文章最后一段“Walkingupthestairsinsteadoftakingthelift，playingwithchildrenandpets，takingpartinyogaordancing,doinghouseholdchores,walking,andcyclingareallputforwardaswaysinwhichpeoplecanbemoreactive—andifyoucan’tmanagethe30—40minutesrightaway,theresearcherssay,startoffsmall.”（研究人员表示，走楼梯而不是乘电梯、与儿童和宠物玩耍、参加瑜伽或舞蹈、做家务、散步和骑自行车都是人们更活跃的方式——如果你不能马上完成30-40分钟，那就从小处着手。）可知，本文的主要目的是通过介绍我们应该需要多少锻炼来抵消我们久坐所造成的负面影响来鼓励我们多参加锻炼。故选C项。DPlasticpollutionhasbecomeanunfortunatefactoflifeallovertheworld—includingintheoceans.Whileallthatjunkfloatingaroundcanposeaseriousthreattomanyanimalsanewstudyfindssomespeciesmayhaveactuallyturneditintoanentirelynewecosystem!TheNorthPacific“GarbagePatch”isahugeareaintheoceanwherealotofplasticwastegetsstuck.However,it’snotjustwastesthatgetcaughtupinthismess.ResearchersfromGeorgetownUniversityfoundthatmanyseacreatureslikejellyfish,snails,andbarnaclesalsolivethere.In2018and2019,scientistscollected105piecesofplasticfromthepatch,andfound46differentspeciesofinvertebrates(无脊椎动物)livingonthem.About80％ofthosespeciesnormallylivenearthecoastratherthaninthemiddleofanocean.Theresearchersalsofoundthatthesespecieshavebeenbreedingonthepatch—meaningtheremaynowbeapermanentcommunityofcoastalspeciesinthemiddleoftheocean.LeadauthorLinseyHaramsaidthatit’snotyetknownhowthiswillaffecttheoceanecosystem.Butshesaidthecoastalspeciesarelikelycompetingforfoodwithoceanspecies,andtheymayalsobeeatingeachother.TheGreatPacificGarbagePatchisoneofthefiveareasofgarbagethathaveformedinthemiddleofhugecircularoceancurrentscalledgyres(环流).AnothergarbagepatchisintheSouthPacific,twoareintheAtlanticOcean,andthefifthisintheIndianOcean.A2018studyoftheGreatPacificGarbagePatchfoundthataboutone-thirdofgarbagethatcouldbelinkedtoJapan.Upto20％ofgarbageaddedsince2011wascreatedbythehugetsunamithathitnorthernJapanthatyear,thestudysaid.32.Whatmakestheplasticwastegetstuckinthegarbagepatch?A.Climatechange. B.Humanactivities.C.Seacreatureslivingthere. D.Hugecircularoceancurrents.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“breeding”inParagraph3mean?A.Reproducing. B.Restoring.C.Revising. D.Refreshing.34.WhydoestheauthormentionJapaninthelastparagraph?A.ToblameJapanforpollutingtheocean.B.Toindicateoneofthesourcesofthegarbage.C.Tostresstheresponsibilityofsomecountries.D.Tosuggestcluesthathelpwiththeplasticpollution.35.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Education. B.Economy.C.Environment. D.Entertainment.【答案】32.D33.A34.B35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在塑料污染的影响下，海洋中形成了新的生态系统。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段首句“TheNorthPacific‘GarbagePatch’isahugeareaintheoceanwherealotofplasticwastegetsstuck.(北太平洋“垃圾带”是海洋中一个巨大的区域，大量塑料垃圾被困在这里。)”以及第五段首句“TheGreatPacificGarbagePatchisoneofthefiveareasofgarbagethathaveformedinthemiddleofhugecircularoceancurrentscalledgyres.(大太平洋垃圾带是在被称为大洋环流的巨大环流中间形成的五个垃圾区之一。)”可知，塑料垃圾卡在垃圾堆里是由巨大的环形洋流造成的。故选D。2.词句猜测题。联系下文“theremaynowbeapermanentcommunityofcoastalspeciesinthemiddleoftheocean(现在海洋中央可能有一个永久的沿海物种群落。)”可知，此处指“这些物种在这里生息繁衍。”可知A选项Reproducing(繁殖)符合题意。故选A。3.推理判断题。阅读文章最后一段“A2018studyoftheGreatPacificGarbagePatchfoundthataboutone-thirdofgarbagethatcouldbelinkedtoJapan.Upto20％ofgarbageaddedsince2011wascreatedbythehugetsunamithathitnorthernJapanthatyear，thestudysaid.(2018年对大太平洋垃圾带的一项研究发现，大约三分之一的垃圾可能与日本有关。研究称，自2011年以来，多达20%的垃圾是由当年袭击日本北部的巨大海啸造成的。)”可知，文章作者只是客观地描述了部分垃圾来源与发生在日本的海啸有关。故选B。4.推理判断题。根据第一段“Plasticpollutionhasbecomeanunfortunatefactoflifeallovertheworld—includingintheoceans.Whileallthatjunkfloatingaroundcanposeaseriousthreattomanyanimals,anewstudyfindssomespeciesmayhaveactuallyturneditintoanentirelynewecosystem!(塑料污染已经成为全世界生活中的一个不幸事实，包括在海洋中。虽然所有漂浮在周围的垃圾都会对许多动物构成严重威胁，但一项新的研究发现，一些物种实际上可能已经将其变成了一个全新的生态系统！)”并且阅读全文可知，文章主要介绍了在塑料污染的影响下，海洋中形成了新的生态系统。因此本文应该来自一份报纸的环境板块。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoTeachTimeManagementSkillstoTeensTeensusuallyhavefairlystructuredschedules.Theirschooldayandtheirafter-schoolactivitiesareplannedoutforthem.Asaresult,manyofthemdon’tlearnhowtomanagetheirtimewiselywhentheyhavesomedowntime.____36____.Adviseyourteentowritedownhisschedule.Yourteen’stimemayeasilygettakenupwithvideogamesorsocialmediaifhe’snotcareful.Teachhimtoschedulehisdaysohecansetasidetimeforchores(琐事),homework,andotherresponsibilities.____37____,sotimedoesn’tidlypasswithoutfeelinglikehehasn’tdoneanythingfun.____38____.Whetherit’saplannerthatyourteenwriteseverythinginoranappthatmanagesyourteen’sschedule,helpyourteenfindthetoolsthatwillworkbestforhim.Talkabouttheimportanceofcreatingascheduleandusingliststomanagehistimewisely.Helphimtosetgoals.____39____.Then,helphimidentifyhowmuchtimehe’llneedtoworkonthatgoaleachday.Whetherhewantstoexercisefor30minutes3timeseachweekorhedecidestoapplyforscholarshipsoneSaturdayafternooneachmonth,goalsettingisagreatwaytohelphimmanagehistime.Helpyourteenprioritizeactivities.It’scommonforteenstohaveconflictsintheirschedules.Abasketballgame,birthdayparty,andchurchactivitymayallcoincide(同时发生).___40___,basedonhisvaluesandcommitments.Setlimitsonelectronics.Yourteenmaywastecountlesshoursonsocialmediaorplayingvideogamesifshe’snotcareful.Establishrulesthathelphercreatehealthyhabitswithhercellphoneandotherdigitaldevices.A.ModelgoodtimemanagementhabitsB.GiveyourteentimemanagementtoolsC.PractisemanagingyourowntimewiselyD.EncouragehimtoschedulefreetimeaswellE.TalktoyourteenabouthowtoprioritizeactivitiesF.HerearesomestepsyoucantaketoteachyourteenG.Talktoyourteenaboutthepersonalgoalshewantstoreach【答案】36.F37.D38.B39.G40.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了家长如何教青少年时间管理技能。【36题详解】前文“Asaresult,manyofthemdon’tlearnhowtomanagetheirtimewiselywhentheyhavesomedowntime.(因此，他们中的许多人没有学会如何在休息时间明智地管理他们的时间)”指出很多孩子不会管理自己的时间，后文段落给出具体的教孩子管理时间的方法，因此F项“Herearesomestepsyoucantaketoteachyourteen(这里有一些教你孩子的步骤)”承接前文，引出后文的方法，符合语境。故选F。【37题详解】前文“Teachhimtoschedulehisdaysohecansetasidetimeforchores(琐事),homework,andotherresponsibilities.(教他安排好自己的一天，这样他就能留出时间做家务、做作业和其他责任)”提出教孩子安排好去做必做之事的时间，后文“sotimedoesn’tidlypasswithoutfeelinglikehehasn’tdoneanythingfun(所以他不会觉得自己没有做过任何有趣的事情)”谈到做好某件事后的良好结果，因此D项“Encouragehimtoschedulefreetimeaswell(也鼓励他安排空闲时间)”提出让孩子安排好空闲时间，和前文是递进关系，引出后文的良好结果，符合语境，其中的freetime和后文的fun呼应。故选D。【38题详解】空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容，且需和其他段首句一样使用祈使句的形式。后文“Whetherit’saplannerthatyourteenwriteseverythinginoranappthatmanagesyourteen’sschedule,helpyourteenfindthetoolsthatwillworkbestforhim.Talkabouttheimportanceofcreatingascheduleandusingliststomanagehistimewisely.(无论是一个你的孩子写所有事情的计划表，还是一个管理你的孩子日程安排的应用程序，帮助你的孩子找到最适合他的工具。谈谈制定时间表和使用清单来明智地管理时间的重要性)”主要和安排时间的工具相关，因此B项“Giveyourteentimemanagementtools(给你的孩子时间管理工具)”符合语境，契合后文内容，其中的tools在后文有同词复现。故选B。【39题详解】前文“Helphimtosetgoals.(帮助他设定目标)”表明本段和设定目标相关，后文“Then,helphimidentifyhowmuchtimehe’llneedtoworkonthatgoaleachday.(然后，帮助他确定他每天需要花多少时间来实现这个目标)”提到第二步是确定具体的时间，因此G项“Talktoyourteenaboutthepersonalgoalshewantstoreach(和你的孩子谈谈他想达到的个人目标)”符合语境，建议先讨论目标，可作为第一步，承前启后，其中的goals在前后文有同词复现。故选G。【40题详解】前文“It’scommonforteenstohaveconflictsintheirschedules.Abasketballgame,birthdayparty,andchurchactivitymayallcoincide(同时发生).(青少年在日程安排上有冲突是很常见的。篮球比赛、生日聚会和教堂活动可能同时进行)”指出青少年常会面临安排有冲突的情况，后文“basedonhisvaluesandcommitments(基于他的价值观和承诺)”提到价值观和承诺，因此E项“Talktoyourteenabouthowtoprioritizeactivities(和你的孩子谈谈如何优先安排活动)”符合语境，指出需谈谈优先安排活动的方法，承前启后，后文是对选项内容的补充。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ZorawokeupearlyonSaturdaymorning,____41____forherlong-awaitedtriptothemallwithherfriends.Theyhadplannedthisshoppingspree(狂欢)forweeksandshehadbeen____42____thedays.Zoraalwayshadone____43____itemsheplannedtobuyforhermum.Astheywalkedpastafabricsstore,Zora’seyes____44____up.Shehadbeensavingupformonthstobuyasewingmachineforhermumtohelppatch(缝补)____45____,andsheknewthisstorecarriedit.Shedraggedherfriendsinside,andassoonasshe____46____thesewingmachine,sheknewitwastheone.ButwhenZoracheckedthe____47____tag(标签),herheartsank.Itwasmuchmoreexpensivethanshehad____48____.Shestartedtofeeldisappointedandconsideredgivinguponher____49____ofhelpinghermum.Herfriendsnoticedher____50____anddecidedtohelpher.Theytookoutsomemoneyandencouragedhertobuyit,tellingherhowmuchhermum____51____it.Withtheir____52____,Zoradecidedtospendonthesewingmachine,andasshewalkedoutofthestore,shefeltasenseofprideand____53____.Therestofthedayflewby,andtheyheadedbackh