浙江省金华市一中2023-2024学年高二上学期2月期末英语试题

2023学年第一学期金华一中高二英语2月期末试题考生须知：1.本卷共8页,满分150分,考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名及规定考号并填涂相应数字。3.所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。第Ⅰ卷选择题部分(95分)第一部分听力理解(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Dothedishes.B.Buygroceries.C.Cleanthefloor.2.Howwillthespeakersprobablygotothecinema?A.Bycar.B.Bysubway.C.Bytaxi.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtoloseweight.B.Howtotakeexercise.C.Howtogoonadiet.4.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Annoyed.B.Excited.C.Unconcerned.5.Whathappenedtotheman?A.Helosthisway.B.Hewasknockedover.C.Hegotaflattyre.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面·5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatwaswrongwiththewoman’sputer?A.Ithadtoomanyfiles.B.Itwasinfected.C.Itwasoutofdate.7.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Runavirusscan.B.Buyanewputer.C.Updatethesoftware.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.What’stheproblemwiththewoman’spresentapartment?A.It’sfarfromcampus.B.Itsrentishigh.C.It’snotfurnished.9.Whydidthewomancalltheman?A.Tomakeaplaint.B.Toaskforhelp.C.Torenthishouse.10.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Inquireabouttheprice.B.Findaroommate.C.Visitanapartment.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whydoesthewomansuggesteatingathome?A.Shewantstosavemoney.B.Sheistiredofpreparingameal.C.She’dliketotrysomethingnew.12.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofIndianfood?A.Itisnotdelicious.B.Itistoospicy.C.Itisunhealthy.13.Whatwilltheyorder?A.Indianfood.B.Italianfood.C.Chinesefood.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whatdoesthemanwanttodoaftergraduation?A.Workatahotel.B.Furtherhisstudy.C.Travelaroundtheworld.15.Whatisthewoman’smajor?A.HotelManagement.B.French.C.puterScience.16.Howdoesthewomanpayhertuition?A.Bydoingaparttimejob.B.Withherscholarship.C.Withherparents’help.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whoisthespeaker?A.Atourguide.B.Anarchitect.C.Abusinessman.18.Howdidthearchitectdesignthebuilding?A.Bystudyingtheoldhouse.B.Bycopyingothers’designs.C.Byobservingthefamily’slife.19.Whatwasthebuildingmadeof?A.Wood.B.Brick.C.Concrete.20.Whatisthepresentconditionofthebuilding?A.Itisbeingrebuilt.B.Itiswellprotected.C.Itisinruins.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMetrorail(地铁)Eachpassengerneedsafarecardtoenterandgoout.UptotwochildrenunderagefivemaytravelFreewithapayingcustomer.Farecardmachinesareineverystation.Bringsmallbillsbecausetherearenochangemachinesinthestationsandfarecardmachinesonlyprovideupto$5inchange.GetoneticketofunlimitedMetrorallrideswithaOneDayPass.BuyitfromafarecardmachineinMetrostations.Useitafter9:30a,m.untilclosingonweekdays,andalldayonweekendsandholidays.HoursofseviceOpen:5amMonFri7a.mSatSunClose:midnightSunThur.3a.mFriSatLasttraintimesvary.TraintimesPostedinstationsMetrobusWhenpayingwithexactcharge,thefareis$1.35.WhenpayingwithaSmarTripⓇcard,thefareis1.25.FaresSeniorcitizens65andolderanddisabledcustomersmayrideforhalftheregularfare.OnMetrorailandMetrobus,useasenior/disabledfarecardorSmar/TripⓇcard.Formoreinformationaboutbuyingsenior.disabledfarecard,SmarTripⓇcardsandpasses,pleasevisitMetroOpensDoorsorcall2026377000and2026378000.SeniorcitizensanddisabledcustomerscangetfreeguideonhowtouseproperMetrobusandMetrorallservicesbycalling2029621100.Traveltips(提示).Avoidridingduringweekdayrushperiods–before9:30a.m.andbetween4and6p.m..Ifyoulosesomethingonabusortrainorinastation,pleasecallLost&Foundat2029621195,1.Whatshouldyouknowaboutfarecardmachines?A.Theystartsellingticketsat9:30a.m.B.Theyareconnectedtochangemachines.C.Theyofferspecialservicetotheelderly.D.Theymakechangefornomorethan$5.2.AtwhattimedoesMetrorailstopserviceonSaturday?A.Atmidnight.B.At3a.m.C.At5a.m.D.At7a.m.3.WhatisgoodaboutaSmarTripⓇcard?A.Itisconvenientforoldpeople.B.ItsavesmoneyforitsusersC.ItcanbeboughtatanytrainD.ItissoldontheInternet4.WhichnumbershouldyoucallifyoulosesomethingontheMetro?A.2029621195B.2029621100C.2026377000D.2026378000【答案】1.D2.B3.B4.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。在文中作者详细介绍了地铁站的一些信息。比如每位成年人持票可以携带两名五岁以下儿童乘坐地铁；Farecard的购买和使用情况；车票的价格；此处，作者还介绍了一些服务部门的号码以方便乘客的需要。1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Metrorall(地铁)部分第三段内容“therearenochangemachinesinthestationsandfarecardmachinesonlyprovideupto$5inchange.(车站里没有找零机，票卡机最多只能提供5美元的找零)”可知，自动售卡机只能最多找5美元的零钱。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Hoursofsevice部分中“Close:midnightSunThur.3a.mFriSat(关闭时间为：周日至周四是午夜；周五至周六是凌晨3点)”可知，周六停止服务的时间为凌晨3点。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章Metrobus部分中“Whenpayingwithexactcharge,thefareis$1.35.WhenpayingwithaSmarTripⓇcard,thefareis1.25.(如果按实际收费，票价是1.35美元。如果使用SmarTripⓇ卡，票价是1.25美元)”可知，如果使用SmarTripⓇcard的话，乘客可以节省0.1美元，故选B项。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Ifyoulosesomethingonabusortrainorinastation,pleasecallLost&Foundat2029621195(如果你在公共汽车、火车或车站丢失了东西，请拨打失物招领2029621195)”可知，如果乘客丢失物品的话可以拨打失物招领处的2029621195。故选A项。BDoctorareknowntobeterriblepilots.Theydon'tlistenbecausetheyalreadyknowitall.Iwaslucky:Ibecameapilotin1970,almosttenyearsbeforeIgraduatedfrommedicalschool.Ididn'trealizethen,butbeingapilotmakesmeabettersurgeon.Ilovedflying.AsIflewbigger,fasterplanes,andinworseweather.Ilearnedaboutcrewresourcemanagement(机组资源管理),orCRM,anewideatomakeflyingsafer.Itmeansthatcrewmembersshouldlistenandspeakupforagoodresult,regardlessofpositions.IfirstreadaboutCRMin1980.Notlongafterthat,anattendingdoctorandIwereflyinginbadweather.Thecontrollerhadusturntoolatetogetourlandingready.Theattendingdoctorwasflying;IwassafetypilotHewassobusybecauseofthebadturn,hehadforgottentoputthelandinggear(起落架)down.Hewasabetterpilotandmybosssoitfeltunusualtospeakup.ButIhadto:Ourliveswereindanger.Iputasidemyuneasinessandsaid,"Weneedtoputthelandinggeardownnow!"ThatwasmyfirstreallessoninthepowerofCRM,andI'veuseditintheoperatingroomeversince.CRMrequiresthatthepilot/surgeonencourageotherstospeakup.Itfurtherrequiresthatwhenopinionsarefromtheopposite,thedoctordoesn'toverreact,whichmightpreventfellowdoctorsfromvoicingopinionsagain.SowhenI'mintheoperatingroom,Iaskforideasandhelpfromothers.Sometimesthey'renotwillingtospeakup.ButIhopethatifIcontinuetoencouragethem,somedaysomeonewillkeepmefrom“landinggearup”.5.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutdoctorsingeneral?A.Theylikeflyingbythemselves.B.Theyareunwillingtotakeadvice.C.Theypretendtobegoodpilots.D.TheyarequicklearnersofCRM.6.TheauthordeepenedhisunderstandingofthepowerofCRMwhen_______.A.hesavedtheplanebyspeakingupB.hewasinchargeofaflyingtaskC.hisbosslandedtheplanetoolateD.hisbossoperatedonapatient7.Inthelastparagraph“landinggearup”probablymeans______.A.followingflyingrequirements.Boverreactingtodifferentopinions.C.listeningtowhatfellowdoctorssayD.makingamistakethatmaycostlives8.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.CRM:ANewWaytoMakeFlyingSafeB.FlyingMakesMeaBetterDoctorC.TheMakingofaGoodPilotD.APilotTumedDoctor【答案】5.B6.A7.D8.B【解析】【分析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，题材是故事。作者讲述了自己把当飞行员时学会的机组资源管理理念运用到后来自己从医的手术室中。飞行经历使自己成为一名更出色的医生。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一行的“Doctorareknowntobeterriblepilots.Theydon'tlistenbecausetheyalreadyknowitall.(众所周知，医生是糟糕飞行员。他们不听，因为他们已经知道了一切。)”可知，作者总体上认为doctors不喜欢倾听，他们认为他们什么都懂。B选项“他们不愿意采纳意见”符合文意，故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“ButIhadto:Ourliveswereindanger.Iputasidemyuneasinessandsaid,"Weneedtoputthelandinggeardownnow!"ThatwasmyfirstreallessoninthepowerofCRM,andI'veuseditintheoperatingroomeversince.（我们的生命处于危险之中，危机时刻我大声地说：“我们必须按下起降架”这是我运用CRM的第一堂课。）”可知，作者在经历了一次飞行，给上级提了意见之后，对CRM有了更深的理解，故选A。【7题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段的“Weneedtoputthelandinggeardownnow!（我们必须按下起降架）”可知，作者提出的降下起落架的建议，使飞机安全着陆；keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人某事，这里用的是”landinggearup”，是相反的情况，言外之意是，作者希望有人能够勇敢提出意见，以避免发生危险的事情。划线部分指的是危险的事情，D选项“犯以生命为代价的错误”，符合文意，故选D。【8题详解】主旨大意题。作者通过当飞行员的经历，学到了CRM，并运用到了自己的工作中，文章主要讲的是CRM带给作者的好处，B项“飞行使我成为一个更好的医生”最符合题意，故选B。CCitiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtomunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness(荒野).Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30,000.DawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnowcoveredmountainsandsailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarming.Anavalanche(雪崩)onceclosedthepath,killing63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasneverfortable.Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhade.Today,peoplestilleandgo—toseewheretheCanadiangoldrushhappened.TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawsonCity—itspresentpopulationis762.9.WhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?A.Itsbusinessculture.B.Itssmallpopulation.C.Itsgeographicalposition.D.Itsfavourableclimate.10.WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?A.Twothirdsofthemstayedthere.B.Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.C.Almosteveryonegaveup.D.Halfofthemdied.11.WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?A.Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.B.Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.C.Theywereunabletostandthewinter.D.Theywereshortoffood.12.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theriseandfallofacity.B.ThegoldrushinCanada.C.Journeysintothewilderness.D.TourisminDawson.【答案】9.C10.B11.B12.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Dawson这座城市的发展原因、过程与现状。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中Citiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtomunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.可知，人们选择在河边或港口设城是因为交通方便，便于做生意。而纽约就是在哈德森河口附近的一个大港口，故纽约吸引早期移民的原因是它的地理位置，故C正确。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.可知，在最初挖黄金的两万人中有4000人变富有，所以是五分之一的人变富了，故B正确。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhade.可知，人们离开Dawson的主要原因是听说在Alaska发现了黄金，也就是他们要去别的地方寻找发财的机会。故B正确。【12题详解】主旨大意题。第一段简要介绍城市发展的原因，引出Dawson这一城市的兴起，第二段介绍了该城市兴起的原因，第三段介绍人们选择离开该城市的原因及现在的状况，所以全文围绕Dawson这个城市的发展起伏。故A正确。【点睛】主旨大意题的解题技巧：一篇文章都是围绕着一个中心思想或一个话题展开的，因此，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕Dawson的发展展开，Dawson反复出现，再根据每一段的段首句可以总结出，文章第一段通过城市发展的原因引出Dawson，第二段介绍Dawson发展的原因，第三段介绍人们选择离开该城市的原因及现在的状况，从而总结出文章的主旨大意。DBeforethe1830s,mostnewspapersweresoldthroughannualsubscriptionsinAmerica,usually$8to$10ayear.Today$8or$10seemsasmallamountofmoney,butatthattimetheseamountswereforbiddingtomostcitizens.Accordingly,newspaperswerereadalmostbyrichpeopleinpoliticsorthetrades.Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.Buttherevolutionthatwastakingplaceinthe1830swouldchangeallthat.Thetrend,then,wastowardthe“pennypaper”—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper;perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplaceovernight.Ithadbeenpossible(butnoteasy)tobuysinglecopiesofnewspapersbefore1830,butthisusuallymeantthereaderhadtogodowntotheprinter’sofficetopurchaseacopy.Streetsaleswerealmostunknown.However,withinafewyears,streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbemonplaceineasterncities.Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapennyusuallytwoorthreecentswaschargedandsomeoftheolderwellknownpaperschargedfiveorsixcents.Butthephrase“pennypaper”caughtthepublic’sfancy,andsoontherewouldbepapersthatdidindeedsellforonlyapenny.Thisnewtrendofnewspapersfor“themanonthestreet”didnotbeginwell.Someoftheearlyventures(企业)wereimmediatefailures.Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesiretochangethetradition.Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballrolling.13.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesnewspapersinAmericabeforethe1830s?A.Academic. B.Unattractive.C.Professional. D.Popular.14.Whatdidstreetsalesmeantonewspapers?A.Theywouldbepricedhigher. B.Theywoulddisappearfromcities.C.Theycouldhavemorereaders. D.Theycouldregainpublictrust.15.Whowerethenewspapersofthenewtrendtargetedat?A.Localpoliticians. B.monpeople.C.Youngpublishers. D.Richbusinessmen.【答案】13.B14.C15.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“便士报纸”的诞生历史。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Before1830s,…Accordinglynewspaperswerereadalmostonlybyrichpeople.Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtomassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.(19世纪30年代之前，……报纸几乎只有富人才会阅读。此外，大多数报纸几乎没有能吸引大众的内容。它们枯燥乏味，视觉上令人生畏。)”可知，因为那时大多数报纸几乎没有能吸引大众的内容。它们枯燥乏味，视觉上令人生畏。由此可判断，那时的报纸没有什么吸引力。A.Academic学术的；B.Unattractive没有吸引力，无魅力的；C.Professional职业的；D.Popular受欢迎的。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thetrend,then,wastowardthe“pennypaper”—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper,perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.(当时的趋势是“便士纸”，指的是公众广泛使用的报纸。它意味着任何便宜的报纸，也许更重要的是，它意味着可以在街上买到单份的报纸。)”可推知，街头销售意味着报纸可以有更多的读者。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thetrend,then,wastowardthe“pennypaper”—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper,perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.(当时的趋势是“便士纸”，指的是公众广泛使用的报纸。它意味着任何便宜的报纸，也许更重要的是，它意味着可以在街上买到单份的报纸。)”可推知，报纸是针对大众的，这种新趋势的报纸以平民百姓为对象。故选B项。第二节(共5个小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyouwastefood?Howmuchfooddoyoubuyeachweek?Areyousomeonewhofillsyourfridgeandcupboardswithtreatssothatyou'11alwayshavesomethingtoeatandsothatyou'llnevergohungry?____16____Throwingawayunwantedfoodhasbeeabigissueinthedevelopedworld.Whilesomeofusthrowawayunwanteditems,peopleinotherpartsofworldfacefoodshortagesandarestarving.____17____Theactualfigureis1.3billiontonsoffood,whichisenoughtofeedabillionhungrypeople.Youmaythinksupermarketsaremainlytoblameforthismountainoffood.Afterall,theydocaststuffthat'spastitssell—by—date.They'vealsobeencriticizedforencouragingcustomerstobuymorethantheyneed.____18____InEuropeanincredible53%offoodwasteesfromhouseholds,whichresultsin88milliontonsoffoodwasteayear.Soinsteadoffillingourbellies,ourfoodisfillinguplandfillsites.Unfortunately,thiscausesgreenhousegaseswhicheventuallyleadstoglobalwarmingandclimatechange.InDenmark,awomancalledSelinaJuulhasbeenworkinghardtotacklethisproblem.Sheconvincedsomesupermarketstostopsellingtheiritemsinquantitysothatpeopleboughtonlywhattheyneeded.She'ssetupaneducationprograminschools.____19________20____Andwhenwe'reathomeweshouldmakethemostofthefoodwehave—usingrecipesthatuseupourleftoversorevensharingourextrafoodwithourfriendsandneighbours.A.Peoplebuymorethantheyneedandthrowtoomuchaway.B.Ormaybe,you'reefficientwithyourshopping,onlybuyingwhatyouneed.C.Butthebiggestcontributortofoodwasteisus.D.Clearly,weneedtothinktwicewhenshopping.E.Wesimplyneedtostopthrowingawayfoodandenjoyitinstead.F.Thishashelpedcreatea25%reductioninfoodwaste.G.It'sshockingthatathirdoftheworld'sfoodiswastedeachyear.【答案】16.B17.G18.C19.F20.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，近年来，发达国家正面临愈演愈烈的食品浪费现象，生活在这些国家的人们仍掉大量的食物，与其对比，另有一些国家的人们面临食物紧缺，饥饿难耐，本文讨论导致食物浪费的原因和可减少浪费的办法。【16题详解】由上两句“Howmuchfooddoyoubuyeachweek?Areyousomeonewhofillsyourfridgeandcupboardswithtreatssothatyou'11alwayshavesomethingtoeatandsothatyou'llnevergohungry?”（你每周买多少食物？你是那种在冰箱和碗橱里放满食物的人吗，这样你就永远有东西吃，永远不会挨饿。）可知，上文询问读者每周买多少食物，列举了一种买很多食物填满冰箱和碗橱的人，可得出这里是问大家每周是怎么买食物的，该空可能会讲每周买多少食物的另一种情况（或人），承接上文，B选项“或者，你购物效率很高，只买你需要的东西。”切题。故选B项。【17题详解】由上两句“Throwingawayunwantedfoodhasbeeabigissueinthedevelopedworld.Whilesomeofusthrowawayunwanteditems,peopleinotherpartsofworldfacefoodshortagesandarestarving.”（在发达国家，丢弃不需要的食物已经成为一个大问题。当我们中的一些人扔掉不需要的东西时，世界上其他地方的人们面临着食物短缺和饥饿。）和下一句“Theactualfigureis1.3billiontonsoffood,whichisenoughtofeedabillionhungrypeople.”（实际数字是13亿吨粮食，足够养活10亿饥饿人口。）可知，上文讲到发达国家食物浪费的现象，该空应该承接上文继续讲食物浪费问题，结合下文讲的13亿吨足够养活10亿饥饿人口的粮食可知，该空可能会讲食物浪费的多少，承接上下文，G选项“令人震惊的是，世界上每年有三分之一的食物被浪费了。”切题。故选G项。【18题详解】由下一句“InEuropeanincredible53%offoodwasteesfromhouseholds,whichresultsin88milliontonsoffoodwasteayear.”（在欧洲，令人难以置信的53%的食物垃圾来自家庭，每年造成8800万吨食物垃圾。）可知，下文讲到53%的食物浪费来自家庭，说明是我们（消费者自己）造成了食物浪费，承接下文，C选项“但造成食物浪费的最大因素是我们。”切题。故选C项。【19题详解】由上三句“InDenmark,awomancalledSelinaJuulhasbeenworkinghardtotacklethisproblem.Sheconvincedsomesupermarketstostopsellingtheiritemsinquantitysothatpeopleboughtonlywhattheyneeded.She'ssetupaneducationprograminschools.”（在丹麦，一位名叫SelinaJuul的女士一直在努力解决这个问题。她说服一些超市停止大量销售商品，以便人们只买他们需要的东西。她在学校里设立了一个教育计划。）可知，SelinaJuul女士采取措施来解决食物浪费问题，可得出她设立的教育计划也是为了减少食物浪费问题，承接上文，F选项“这有助于减少25%的食物浪费。”切题。故选F项。【20题详解】此处是总结句。由上文的“食物浪费问题严重”和下一句“Andwhenwe'reathomeweshouldmakethemostofthefoodwehave—usingrecipesthatuseupourleftoversorevensharingourextrafoodwithourfriendsandneighbours.”（当我们在家的时候，我们应该充分利用我们所拥有的食物——使用用光我们剩菜的食谱，甚至与我们的朋友和邻居分享我们多余的食物。）可知，食物浪费问题很严重，下文建议读者不要浪费食物，想办法吃完拥有的食物，说明为了不浪费食物，我们买食物时，要多多思考自己到底需要多少食物，承接上下文，D选项“显然，我们在购物时要三思而后行。”切题。故选D项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节:(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。JoeSimpsonandSimonYateswerethefirstpeopletoclimbtheWestFaceoftheSiulaGrandeintheAndesmountains.Theyreachedthetop___21___butontheirwaybackconditionswerevery___22___.Joefellandbrokehisleg.TheybothknewthatifSimon___23___alone,hewouldprobablygetback___24___.ButSimondecidedtoriskhis___25___andtrytolowerJoedownthemountainonarope(绳).Astheywentdown,theweathergotworse.Thenanother___26___occurred.Theycouldn’tseeorheareachotherand,___27___,Simonloweredhisfriendovertheedgeofaprecipice(峭壁).ItwasimpossibleforJoetoclimbbackorforSimontopullhimup.Joe’s___28___waspullingSimonslowlytowardstheprecipice.Finally,aftermorethananhourinthedarkandtheicycold,Simonhadto___29___.Intears,hecuttherope.Joefellintoahugecrevasse(裂)intheicebelow.Hehadnofoodorwaterandhewasinterriblepain.Hecouldn’twalk,buthe___30___togetoutofthecrevasseandstartedto___31___towardstheircamp,nearlytenkilometers___32___Simonhad___33___thecampatthefootofthemountain.HethoughtthatJoemustbedead,buthedidn’twanttoleave___34___.Threedayslater,inthemiddleofthenight,heheardJoe’svoice.Hecouldn’t___35___it.Joewasthere,afewmetersfromtheirtent,stillalive21A.hurriedly B.carefully C.successfully D.early22.A.difficult B.similar C.special D.normal23.A.climbed B.worked C.rested D.continued24.A.unwillingly B.safely C.slowly D.regretfully25.A.fortune B.time C.health D.life26.A.damage B.storm C.change D.trouble27.A.bymistake B.bychance C.bychoice D.byluck28.A.height B.weight C.strength D.equipment29.A.standback B.takearest C.makeadecision D.holdon30A.managed B.planned C.waited D.hoped31.A.run B.skate C.move D.march32.A.around B.away C.above D.along33.A.headedfor B.traveledto C.leftfor D.returnedto34.A.secretly B.tiredly C.immediately D.anxiously35.A.find B.believe C.make D.accept【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.D26.D27.A28.B29.C30.A31.C32.B33.D34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述JoeSimpson和SimonYates登山遇到事故，Simon认为Joe已经遇难，但最后Joe奇迹活下来的故事。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们成功登顶，但在返回途中情况非常困难。A.hurriedly匆匆忙忙；B.carefully小心地；C.successfully成功地；D.early早期地。下文“ontheirwayback”提到他们返回途中可知，Joe和Simon已经“成功”登顶了。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们成功登顶，但在返回途中情况非常困难。A.difficult困难的；B.similar相似的；C.special特殊的；D.normal正常的。由下文“Joefellandbrokehisleg”可知，回途情况变得很“困难”了。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都知道，如果Simon继续独自一人，他很可能会安全回来。A.climbed爬；B.worked工作；C.rested休息；D.continued继续。由上文“Joefellandbrokehisleg”可知，这种情况，如果Simon“继续”一人走下去，可能会安全下山。故选D项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们都知道，如果Simon继续独自一人，他很可能会安全回来。A.unwillingly不情愿地；B.safely安全地；C.slowly慢慢地；D.regretfully遗憾地。由上文“Joefellandbrokehisleg”可知，在同伴受伤情况下，一起下山可能都会死，但如果Simon继续独自一人，他很可能会“安全”下山。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Simon决定冒着生命危险，用绳子把Joe从山上拉下来。A.fortune财富；B.time时间；C.health健康；D.life生活，生命。由上文“hewouldprobablygetback4”以及but表转折可知，这里指Simon决定冒着“生命”危险，带Joe一起下山。故选D项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后又出现了一个麻烦。A.damage损坏；B.storm风暴；C.change改变；D.trouble麻烦。由下文“Simonloweredhisfriendovertheedgeofaprecipice(峭壁)”可知，这里指又出现了另一个“麻烦”。故选D项。【27题详解】考查介词词组辨析。句意：他们看不见，也听不见对方的声音，Simon错误地把他的朋友从悬崖边上放了下来。A.bymistake错误地；B.bychance偶然地；C.bychoice自愿地；D.byluck侥幸地。由下文“Simonloweredhisfriendovertheedgeofaprecipice(峭壁)”和“ItwasimpossibleforJoetoclimbbackorforSimontopullhimup.

”可知，这里指Simon“错误地”把他的朋友从悬崖边上放了下来，以至于乔不可能爬回来，西蒙也不可能把他拉上来。故选A项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Joe的体重很重，他把Simon慢慢地拉向悬崖。A.height高度；B.weight重量；C.strength力量；D.equipment设备。由下文“pullingSimonslowlytowardstheprecipice”可知，这里指Joe的“体重”很重，所以把Simon慢慢地拉向悬崖。故选B项。29题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：最后，在黑暗和冰冷中度过了一个多小时后，Simon不得不做出决定。A.standback置身事外；B.takearest休息；C.makeadecision作出决定；D.holdon坚持。由下文“Intears,hecuttherope.”可知，这里指Simon不得不“做出决定”，即放弃Joe。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他无法行走，但他设法走出裂缝，开始向近十公里外的营地移动。A.managed管理，设法做某事；B.planned计划；C.waited等待；D.hoped希望。由上文“Hecouldn’twalk”以及but表转折可知，这里指Joe“设法”走出裂缝。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他无法行走，但他设法走出裂缝，开始向近十公里外的营地移动。A.run 跑；B.skate滑冰；C.move移动；D.march前进。由上文“Hecouldn’twalk”可知，这里指Joe只能用身体“移动”。故选C项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他无法行走，但他设法走出裂缝，开始向近十公里外的营地移动。A.around四周；B.away向远处；C.above以上；D.along沿着。由上文“nearlytenkilometers”以及语境可知，营地在“向远处”十公里外。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：Simon已经回到山脚下的营地。A.headedfor朝……走过去；B.traveledto前往；C.leftfor动身去；D.returnedto返回到。由下文“thecampatthefootofthemountain”以及语境可知，这里指Simon已经“回到”山脚下的营地。故选D项。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他以为Joe一定死了，但他不想马上离开。A.secretly秘密地；B.tiredly疲倦地；C.immediately立即地；D.anxiously焦急地。由下文“Threedayslater”可知，这里指Simon不想“立即”离开营地，在那等了几天。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他简直不敢相信。A.find找到；B.believe相信；C.make制作；D.accept接受。由上文“HethoughtthatJoemustbedead”可知，这里指Simon不“相信”Joe还活着。故选B项。第Ⅱ卷非选择题部分(55分)第二节:(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。OftencalledthePorcelain(瓷器)Capitalforitsimportantroleinthedomesticandinternationalceramic(陶瓷)industry,JingdezheninJiangxiProvinceisfamousforitsancientporcelainproductionthat____36____(date)backtomorethan1,700yearsago.AsthemostimportantceramicproductioncenterinChina,Jingdezhenproduceshighqualityporcelainthat____37____(appreciate)bothinChinaandworldwide.InDecember2014,Jingdezhenwas____38____(official)approvedbyUNESCOandjoinedtheCreativeCityNetwork,____39____(gain)itselfthe“CityofCraftsandFolkArt”title.Inrecentyears,bymakinguseofitsculturaladvantages,Jingdezhenhasorganizedimportant____40____(activity)onceramicarts.TheseeventshavetransformedJingdezhenintoanincredibleplatformfordiversifiedcooperationandmunication,____41____youngartistictalentsaredrawntoitsflamelikemoths.Establishinganameforhimselfas____42____oneandonlylivefashionillustrator,DengtraveledfromQingdaotoJingdezhentoexploretheclevercosmosofancientChineseceramicvasepatterns.Hisceramicworks,both____43____(function)andsculptural,arefullofelementsoffashion,humor,andcharacter____44____(paint)onwithtraditionalChineseink.Delicateandsensitive_____45_____thetouch,Deng’sbrilliantpiecesareasighttosee.TheredandpinkmixtureofcolorsandlightingsurroundingthevasesrepresentChinesehappinessandWesternpassion,attractingEastandWestinthesamenarrative,onthesamecanvas(画布).【答案】36.dates37.isappreciated38.officially39.gaining40.activities41.where42.the43.functional44.painted45.to【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了景德镇的瓷文化。【36题详解】考查时态。句意：江西景德镇因其在国内外陶瓷业中的重要作用而被称为瓷都，其古老的瓷器生产可追溯