句子成分和简单句的句子结构课件初高中英语衔接课程

Grammar:

Basicsentencestructuresofsimplesentences英语语法词法：词性及其功能、基本用法句法简单句：结构、用法并列句：结构、用法复合句：结构、用法TypesofSentenceStructure句法简单句并列句CompoundSentences复合句SimpleSentencesComplexSentences只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语构成的句子又称主从复合句。由一个主句和一个或者一个以上的从句构成。由并列连词（and,but,or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。Thefutureisbright;theroadistortuous.1.Iknowthegirlwhohaslongstraighthair.2.Isawawhite-hairedman.3.HeisinClassOneandIaminClassTwo.4.

Herchildwasillsoshedidn’tgotoworktoday.5.Hewasfondofdrawingwhenhewasyetachild.6.Icanhearthechildrensingingintheclassroom..复合句复合句简单句并列句并列句简单句Whatmakesasentence?简单句SimpleSentences

1.Icanhearthechildrensingingintheclassroom.2.Theexammademequitenervous.3.ShelikesdrawingandoftendrawspicturesforthewallnewspapersSubject(主语S）Verb（谓语V）Object（宾语O）Predicative（表语P）Complemet(补语C）Attributive(定语Attrib.）Adverbial（状语Adv.）Mainelements主干/核心要素Modifiers修饰语一、主语

Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular. WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass. One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls. Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure. Smokingdoesharmtothehealth. Therichshouldhelpthepoor. WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided. Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.结论：概念：主语是“动作的发出者（主谓宾结构中）或”表述的对象（主系表结构）

位置：句首

词性：名词、代词、数词、todo,doing,从句等。二、谓语Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.Wewerebeatenbytheirteam.Theplanetookoffat10’clock.Wearestudents.结论：概念：谓语是句子的灵魂，用来”陈述主语的状态“或者”表明主语发出的动作“

位置：一般主语之后

词性：动词。简单谓语（实义动词或者动词短语）

复合谓语（情态动词或助动词+实义动词）三、表语Pleasekeepquiet.

Heseemstoberight. Theweatherhasturnedcold. Threetimessevenistwentyone Hishobby

isplayingfootball. Themachinemustbeoutoforder. Timeisup.Theclassisover. Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.结论：只存在主系表结构中概念：说明主语的性质、状态、特性等。位置：位于系动词之后词性：名词类、形容词类、数词、介词短语、从句等。四、宾语

Couldyoupleasebringmeabook?

Theywenttoseeanexhibition（展览）yesterday. Theheavyrainpreventedmeformcomingtoschoolontime.3.Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.4. Hepretendednottoseeme.6.Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.结论：结合”主语“理解概念：动作的承受者位置：常位于及物动词或者介词之后词性：名词类、代词类、数词、形容词、todo,doing从句等。differencebetweendoubleobjects（双宾语）andcomplexobjects（复合宾语）1.Hegivesmeasmile.2.Ipassedhimabook.双宾语：（1）Vt+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（物)（2）结构：Vt+sb.+sth.+=Vt.+sth.to/forsb.间接宾语直接宾语间接宾语直接宾语五、补语HisfathernamedhimDongming.Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.Letthefreshairin.Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.Wesawherenteringtheroom.Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.结论：概念：补充说明主语或宾语分类：宾语补足语和主语补足语词性：名词类、形容词、数词、介词短语、todo、doing、done等。differencebetweendoubleobjects（双宾语）andcomplexobjects（复合宾语）1.Hiswordsmademealotmorerelaxed.2.Iheardhimsinging.宾语补足语宾语补足语复合宾语:宾语+宾语补足语（1）宾补位于宾语后，补充说明宾语的成份（2）结构：Vt+sb./sth.+do/todo/doing/done/adj./adv/n.短语/prep短语Doubleobjectsorcomplexobject?1.Marylentmehercar.2.Theyelectedhimmonitor.3.Davidshowedmetheway.4.Isenthimanemail.5.Myfatherhadthecarrepairedyesterday.6.IwillinviteyoutopayavisittotheChinesepaper-cutting.7.PleaseallowmetobringyoutheChinesepainting.8.IfinditusefultoreadEnglisheverymorning.Inmostcases,youmaytryinsertingaproperformof"be"betweentheObjectandtheObjectComplementtoseeifitismeaningful.give,show,send,bring,pass,offer,hand,tell等see,watch,notice,observe,lookat,hear,listento,feel+sb.+doingdodoneBasicsentencestructures1.Isawawhite-hairedman.2.Ireplied.4.Hegivemeasmile.5.Hiswordsmademealotmorerelaxed.3.Hewasfriendly.S+V+OS+VSP(S+V+P)S+V+IO+DOS+V+O+CS(subject)V(verb)O(object)P(predicative)A(adverbial)DO(directobject)IO(indireactObject)C(objectcomplement)AnalysethesentencestructurePlantsneedwater.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.Heaskedmetogetbacksoon.LastweekIwenttothesupermarket.Healwaysleaveshisgirlfriendwaitingforalongtime.IlookedattheyoungwomanangrilyHehasalreadyvisitedagreatnumberofdifferentplaces.TolearnEnglishisnoteasy.Hiswishwastobecomeascientist.Hefounditverydifficulttogettosleep.Lucyaskedmetoturndowntheradio.Theotherstudentsintheclasskeeptheireyesclosed.S+V+OS+V+OS+V+OS+V+O+CS+V+O+CS+V+O+CS+V+O+CS+V+O+CS+V+O+CS+VS+PS+PTranslatingthefollowingsentences1.他总是独自一人坐在那里读小说。2.我别无选择。3.环保问题正在变得越来越严重。4.这个改变不会给你造成太多麻烦。(cause)5.我能帮助餐馆者更好地理解中国画。6.我甚至能向他们展示如何画画。Shealwaysatalone,readingnovels.Ihavenochioce.Environmentalproblemsarebecomingmoreandmoreseriousallovertheworld.Thechangewillnotcauseyoutoomuchtrouble.IcanhelpvisitorsbetterunderstandChinesepaintings.Icanevenshowthemhowtopaint.summary1.简单句、并列句和复合句的区别2.七种句子成分，重点区别双宾语（简介宾语+直接宾语）和复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语）3.五种简单句的句子结构Homework（判断下列简单句的句子结构，用S+V,或者S+V+O等形式表示）weareworking.Icanswimverywell.BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.Youmustgetthecarreadybytomorrow.Ihavealotofclothestowash.Hegavehissonsomeadviceonre