虚拟语气三大类用法归纳 解析版

优【虚拟语气解析版考点清单一、if虚拟条件句六大典型用法场合从句谓语主句谓语与现在事实相反动词过去式(be用were)would+动词原形IfIhadtime,Iwouldgoforawalk.(事实上我现在没有时间，不能去散步．）IfIwereinvited,Iwouldgotothedinner.（事实上没有人邀请我，我也不能去参加宴会．）与过去事实相反had+动词过去分词wouldhavedoneIfshehadseenyouyesterday,shewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你问起这件事。与将来事实相反1.动词过去式(be用were)2.wereto+动词原形3.should+动词原形would+动词原形Ifitrained/weretorain/shouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.如果明天下雨我们就不去爬山了。错综条件句主句和从句与不同时间相反，则根据主从句位置和事实区别对待对号入座。IfIwereyou,Iwouldn'thavemissedtheconcertlastnight.如果我是你，我就不会错过昨天晚上那场音乐会。If虚拟句省略if条件句若省略if，则把were/should/had提前到句首构成部分倒装句。Ifyouhesitatedthismoment,youmightsufferinfuture.如果你现在犹豫不决,将来你会吃苦头的。含蓄条件句即句子含有without,butfor,otherwise等词，后面按主句对待。Butforyouradvice,Iwouldhavefailed.如果不是你的建议,我会失败的。【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Sorry,I’mtoobusynow.IfI_________(have)time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.2.Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,we

_________(be)allright.3.IfIhadamilliondollars,I_________(put)itinthebank.4.IfI__________(take)hadtakenyouradviceyesterday,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.5.Ifthecaptainhadbeenmorecareful,hisship(sink).6.IftheWatergateIncident_______________(occur)Nixonwouldnothaveresignedfromthepresidency.7.Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn’t__________(fail)havefailedintheexam.8.Ifit________/____________/______________(rain)tomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.9.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.10.Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe___________(live)there,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.11.Ifit_________(be)forhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.

12.IfhehadspentmoretimepractisingspeakingEnglishbefore,he________(be)abletospeakitmuchbetternow.13.Ifyouhadtoldmethenewsyesterday,I___________(worry)soworriednow.14.Whatwouldhavehappened_______Bobwalkedfarther,asfarastheriverbank?15._________hetoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebyFriday.16._________shemydaughter,Iwouldn'tallowhertostudyabroad.17._________Iworkedhard,Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded.18.We______________(put)John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.19.Withouthiswartimeexperiences,Hemingway_____________(write)hisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms.

20._________yourhelp,Iwouldn'thavesucceededanyway.【答案与解析】1.had。语境暗示从句与现在事实相反，应用一般过去时。故答案是had。2.wouldbe。语境暗示主句与现在事实相反，应用woulddo。故答案是wouldbe。3.wouldput。语境暗示主句与现在事实相反，应用woulddo。故答案是wouldput。4.hadtaken。句意：如果你按照我的建议去做，你不可能考试不及格。从句与过去事实相反应用一般过去时。故填hadtaken。5.wouldn’thavesunk。结合语境主从句与过去事实相反，主句应用wouldhavedone，且是否定形式。故答案是wouldn’thavesunk。6.hadn’toccurred。结合语境主从句均与过去事实相反，从句应用haddone，且是否定含义。故答案是hadn’toccurred。7.havefailed。结合语境主从句与过去事实相反，主句应用wouldhavedone，且是否定形式。故答案是havefailed。8.rained/weretorain/shouldrain。结合语境从句与将来事实相反，从句谓语三选一：①一般过去时②weretodo③shoulddo。故答案是rained/weretorain/shouldrain。9.should。结合语境从句与将来事实相反，应用“should+动词原形”。故答案是should。10.lived/shouldlive/weretolive。结合语境从句与将来事实相反，从句谓语三选一：①一般过去时②weretodo③shoulddo。故答案是lived/shouldlive/weretolive。11.hadn’tbeen。theotherday说明从句与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时；且是否定形式。故答案是hadn’tbeen。12.wouldbe。now说明主句与现在事实相反，应用woulddo。故答案是wouldbe。13.wouldn'tbeworried。句意：如果你昨天告诉我这个消息，我现在就不会这么担心了。主句与现在事实相反，应用woulddo;同时这里又是否定含义。故填wouldn'tbeworried。14.had。根据语境后半句表示与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时；且省略if，应用倒装结构，故答案是had。15.Were。根据语境这里与将来事实相反，从句可以用weretodo；省略if应采用部分倒装语序。故答案是Were。16.Were。句意：如果她是我的女儿，我就不让她出国学习了。从句与现在事实相反，这里相当于Ifsheweremydaughter。故填Were。17.Had。句意：如果我当时努力学习的话,我一定会成功的。从句与过去事实相反应用haddone，这里相当于IfIhadworkedhard。故填Had。18.wouldhaveput。butforhisrecentinjury表示“要不是他受伤”，构成含蓄条件句，与过去事实相反，应用wouldhavedone。故答案是wouldhaveput。19.wouldn’thavewritten。Withouthiswartimeexperiences表示“没有他的战争经历”，构成含蓄条件句，与过去事实相反，应用wouldhavedone，且是否定意义。故答案是wouldn’thavewritten。20.Without。句意：没有你的帮助，我无论如何也不会成功。Without=butfor=haditnotbeenfor，表示“要不是”。故填Without。考点清单二、从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”三大典型场合用法标志词示例一二三四类动词（接从句谓语用should+动词原形，且should可以省略）一坚持insist二命令order,command三建议advise,suggest,recommend四要求demand,desire,require,requestItissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputofftillnextweek.有人建议会议推迟到下周。Thedoctorrequiredthatthepatient(should)besenttohospitalwithoutdelay.医生要求病人毫不延误地送到医院。一二三四类动词派生来的名词后接从句，该从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。order,command,advice,suggestion,requirementWeagreedtotheorderthatthetask(should)becompletedat5o'clock.我们同意在5点钟完成任务的命令。Ouronlyrequestisthatthis(should)besettledassoonaspossible.我们唯一的要求是尽快解决这个问题。Itisstrangethat..从句谓语用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。若从句涉及已经发生的动作，则应用shouldhavedone。necessary,strange,impossibleItisstrangethatheshouldhaveactedtowardhisparentslikethat.奇怪的是，他竟然对父母那样做。It'svitalthatwe(should)takeoursafetydrivingalongtheroadseriously.至关重要的是，我们应该认真对待我们在路上的安全驾驶。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Eyedoctorsrecommendachild’sfirsteyeexam_______(be)attheageofsixmonthsold.2.Jane'spalefacesuggestedthatshe_______(be)ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe________(have)amedicalexamination.3.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe________(do)nothingwrongandthathe___________(set)free.4.Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents_________(give)twoweekstopreparefortheexam.5.Youradvicethat____________(stay)theretillnextweekisreasonable.6.Itisadvisablethatyou___________(take)yourworkseriously,oritwon'tbelongbeforeyou'relaidoff.

7.Itisappropriatethatsometime_____________(devote)tothoroughstudyoftheresultsoftheApollomission.8.Heinsistedthathe______(be)reallytiredandthathe_________(allow)tohavearest.【答案与解析】1.(should)be。recommendthat….表示“推荐，建议”，接从句谓语用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。故答案是(should)be。2.was;(should)have。前半句suggested表示“暗示，表明”，后接宾语从句应用陈述语气，即与主句时态呼应应用一般过去时；第二空表示“建议”，接从句谓语用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。故答案是was;(should)have。3.haddone;(should)beset。insist表示“坚持认为”，后接从句用虚拟语气；若表示“坚持说”，从句应用陈述语气。故答案是haddone;(should)beset。4.(should)begiven。suggestion,requirement等名词后接从句，该从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，且should可以省略；结合语境应用被动语态。故答案是(should)begiven。5.(should)stay。suggestion,advice等名词后接从句，该从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，且should可以省略；故答案是(should)stay。6.(should)take。Itisnecessary/strange/advisable..that..从句谓语用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。故答案是(should)take。7.(should)bedevoted。Itisnecessary/strange/appropriate..that..从句谓语用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。故答案是(should)bedevoted。8.was,(should)beallowed。insist表示“坚持认为”，后接从句用虚拟语气；若表示“坚持说”，从句应用陈述语气。故答案是was,(should)beallowed。考点清单三、特殊句型中虚拟语气四大用法要点精讲1：Iwishthat…从句与过去、现在、将来事实相反，分别用haddone,did,would/coulddo。Iwishthat…从句结构示例与现在事实相反一般过去式Iwishitwereautumnnow.与过去事实相反过去完成式Hewishedhehadnotlostthechance.与将来事实相反would+动词原形Iwishyouwouldcomesoon.I

wish

thatI

were

tenyearsyounger.IwishthatIhadmetthatfilmstaryesterday.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.—Wherearethechildren?Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.—Iwishthey_________(notbe)alwayslate.

2.HowIwisheveryfamily____________(have)alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!要点精讲2：ifonly表示“如果……该多好”，asif/though表示“好像”，从句虚拟用法同上。Helooksasifhewereanartist.Shelooks

asif

nothing

hadhappened

toher.IfonlyI

hadseen

thefilmwithJanelastnight.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。3.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlookasifit___________(break).4.Don’thandlethevaseasifit__________(make)ofsteel.5.LookatthetroubleIamin!IfonlyI______________(follow)youradvice.要点精讲3：Iwouldratherthat…从句与过去事实相反用过去完成时，与现在、将来相反用一般过去时。I'drather

thathe

hadgone

totheseasidewithmethedaybeforeyesterday.Whenmyfatherisupset,hewouldratherthatwelefthimalone.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。6.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe__________(focus)moreonitsculture.7.—Didyougotothepartylastnight?—Yes,butI’dratherI________(go)there.Itwassoboring.要点精讲4：Itishigh/abouttimethat..后面常用did或shoulddo,should不能省，意为“早该……”。Itishightimethatyouwenttoschool.Itisabouttimethatweshouldsetoutatonce.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。8.Jackisagreattalker.It’shightimethathe___________(do)somethinginsteadofjusttalking.9.It'shightimethatwe________(commit)stothetaskofprotectingourenvironment.10.IwishI___________(take)youradvicelasttime,andthenIwouldn'thavebeenblamedbyothers.【答案与解析】1.wouldn’tbe。结合语境从句与将来事实相反，故应用woulddo。故答案是wouldn’tbe。2.had。结合语境从句与现在事实相反，故应用一般过去时。故答案是had。3.werebroken。itlookasif…表示“看起来好像……”，从句与现在事实相反，应用一般过去时；结合语境应用被动语态。故答案是werebroken。4.weremade。该句意为：不要处理花瓶好像它是钢铁做成似地。从句与现在事实相反，应用一般过去时；结合语境应用被动语态。故答案是weremade。5.hadfollowed。结合语境ifonly后边与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时。故答案是hadfollowed。6.focused。Iwouldratherthat…从句与与现在、将来相反都用一般过去时。本句显然是与将来事实相反。故答案是focused。7.hadn’tgone考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：——你去参加昨晚的派对了吗？——去了，但我宁愿没去，太无聊了。wouldrather后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，此处陈述与过去事实相反的情况，应用过去完成时，因含有否定意义，故要加否定词not。故填hadn’tgone。8.did/shoulddo。Itishigh/abouttimethat..后面常用did或shoulddo,should不能省，意为“早该……”。故答案是did/shoulddo。9.werecommitted/shouldbecommitted。Itishigh/abouttimethat..后面常用did或shoulddo,should不能省，意为“早该……”。故答案是did/shoulddo。10.hadtaken。Iwishthat…后接从句与过去事实相反应用过去完成时。故填hadtaken。分层训练（一）高考真题在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.(2020江苏)IfIhadn’tbeenfacedwithsomanybarriers,I__________(notbe)whereIam.2.(2019天津)Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisethey____________(accomplish)thetaskinhalfthetime.3.(2019江苏)Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe_____________(have)agoodtimetogether.4.(2018天津)Ifwe___________(catch)theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeach.5.(2018江苏)It’sstrangethathe_______havetakenthebookswithouttheowner’spermission.6.(2018江苏)Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andIwishI_______(have)asecondchancetobecomemoreinvolved.7.(2018北京)Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey_________(drive)afewmorekilometers.8.(2017北京)Ifthenewsafetysystem______________(put)touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.9.(2017天津)—DoyouhaveBetty’sphonenumber?—Yes.Otherwise,I______(be)abletoreachheryesterday.10.(2017江苏)_______itnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.【分层训练答案】1.wouldn’tbe2.wouldhaveaccomplished3.wouldhavehad4.hadcaught5.should6.had7.haddriven8.hadbeenput9.wouldn’thavebeen10.Were分层训练（二）模拟试题在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthe____________(be)busy.2.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe____________(see)moreplacesofinterestyesterday.3.Thetimeisnotripe.I'dratheryou____________(not,say)anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.4.____________wemadeagreateffortlastterm,wemighthavesucceeded.5.Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn’tbeenwearingone,Iwould_________________(injure).6._________itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuRiver.7.IfI________(know)aboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergywouldhavebeensaved.8.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatyou____________(be)ill,Iwouldaskyoutodothisrightnow.9.Withoutthedoctor'stimelyoperation,thelittlegirl____________(lose)herlife.10.Itishightimethatwe____________(place)greatemphasisontheimprovementoffoodsafety.【分层训练答案】1.was2.wouldhaveseen3.didn’tsay4.Had5.havebeeninjured6.Should7.hadknown18.are9.wouldhavelost10.placed/shouldplace分层训练（三）单句改错下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。1.Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby.2.ThemanagerproposedthatTomwasgivenanopportunitytoexplainwhyhe'drefusedtogothere.

3.IfonlyIlistenedtomyparents,Imighthavepassedthedrivingtest!

4.Theconferencewouldn’thavebesosuccessfulifwehadn'tmadeadequatepreparation.5.IfonlytherewassomemagicbuttonIcouldpushtotakeawaythesadnessinhereyes.6.—Larry,suchmistakescouldhaveavoidedifyouhadbeenmorecareful.—Sorry,sir.I'lldobetternexttime.7.Ican'tstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughheknowseverything.8.Imadethesuggestionthatshestucktotheplanshehadmade.9.Itwasorderedthatnosmokingwasnotallowedinthelibrary,whichmadethesmokersunhappy.10.HowIwishIboughtthatskirtwhenitwasavailable!Ugh!Iregretiteverytime.【分层训练三答案】1.去掉can或者can改为should2.was改为be3.listened前加had4.be改为been5.was改为were6.avoided前加been7.knows改为knew8.stuck改为stick9.第二个was改为be10.bought前加had分层训练（四）单项选择1.Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I_____youupattheairport.A.wouldpick B.shouldhavepickedC.wouldhavepickedD.willhavepicked2.Someanimalsareindangerofdyingout,soitishightimethatthegovernment______somemeasurestoprotectendangeredanimals.A.take B.took C.hastaken D.willtake3.Weshowedupearlyandhadtowaittwohoursbeforetheceremonybegan.We______.A.shouldn’thurry B.needn’thavehurried C.mustn’thavehurried D.wouldn’thurry4.Wedidn'tknowyouwereintroubleatthattime,otherwisewe______youahand.A.gave B.hadgiven C.wouldgive D.wouldhavegiven5.HowIwishI________someonetoturntoforadvicewhenIwaspuzzled.A.wouldhave B.had C.havehad D.hadhad6.Ifthechopsticksarepartlyplacedinthewater,itlooksasifthey_______.A.break B.havebroken C.werebroken D.hadbeenbroken7.Mysister’spalefacesuggestedthatshe_____seriouslyill,andmyparentssuggestedthatshe______toseethedoctorimmediately.A.was;go B.were;go C.be;went D.was;went8.Idon'tthinkitisadvisablethatTom________tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.A.willbeassigned B.beassigned C.shouldassign D.canbeassigned9.MyprofessorrecommendedthatI______classicaltechniquefirsttoestablishsolidtechnicalskills.A.shouldhavelearned B.wouldlearn C.learned D.learn10.Ifyou______afewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemetthefamousscientist.HYPERLINKA.hadcome B.havecome C.weretocome D.shouldcome11._______hisphonenumberyesterday,Iwouldhavecalledherup.A.Shouldheknow B.WereItoknow C.HadIknown D.HaveIknown12.Hewouldhavewrittenthemanageralettertoexpresshisthanksthismorning,buthe______. A.wasbusy B.isbusy C.hadbeenbusy D.willbebusy13.Susanisgoingtodeliveraspeechaboutthecultureofhiscountry,butI’drathershe_______moreonitseducation.A.focus B.focused C.wouldfocus D.hadfocused14.Butforyourgeneroushelp,we________thetaskaheadoftime.A.wouldnotfulfill B.wouldnothavefulfilled C.wouldfulfill D.wouldhavefulfilled15.Thespokesmandidnotregretwhathehadsaidattheconferencebutfeltthathe_____itindirectly.A.couldexpress B.wouldexpress C.couldhaveexpressedD.musthaveexpressed16.Thisdigitalcameraisoffinequality.Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.A.would B.should C.could D.might17._____itrainthisafternoon,thefootballmatchwouldbeputofftillnextFriday.A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will18.Theprofessorinsistedthathissolution______morepracticalandthatwe______itintopracticeassoonaspossible.A.was;put B.was;mustput C.shouldbe;put D.shouldbe;put19.Iftheambulancehadcomeheresoonerlastnight,thepatient______now.A.willbealive B.willhavebeenalive C.wouldhavebeenaliveD.wouldbealive20.---Lilylookshotanddrytoday.---So_____youifyouhadsohighafever.A.do B.are C.will D.would21.--I’vetoldJennythetruthaboutthenewhouse.---ButI’dratheryou______.A.didn’t B.hadn’t C.don’t D.wouldn’t22.Itwasdemandedthattheworkingconditionsinthatarea_______assoonaspossible.A.mustimproveB.improve C.wasimproved D.beimproved23.LookatthesituationI’min.IfonlyI______youradviceearlier!A.took B.wouldtake C.hadtaken D.shouldtake24.Shemighthavebeenintimefortheinterview,butshe______uplate.A.got B.hasgot C.wastoget D.hadgot25.--Themuseumisonlyfiveminutes’walk!Weshouldhavewalkedthere.--Yes,ataxi_______necessaryatall.A.wasn’t B.isn’t C.hadn’tbeen D.won’tbe26.______thetrafficjamonthehighway,weshouldhavearrivedatthestadiumearlier.A.Inspiteof B.Becauseof C.Butfor D.Dueto27.IfonlyI______anumbrellalastnight!Iwaswetthrough.A.took B.shouldtake C.hadtaken D.take28.Sorry,Iamtoobusyatthemoment.IfI____free,Iwouldcertainlygoforawalkwithyou. A.havebeen B.hadbeen C.am D.were29.Itisessentialthattheseapplicationforms______backasearlyaspossible.A.aresent B.besent C.willbesent D.shouldsend30.HowIwishI____torepairthecellphone!Ionlymadeitworse.A.hadtried B.hadn'ttried C.havetried D.didn'ttry31.Ifhe___totheteacherattentivelyyesterday,he___theanswertotheproblemnow.A.hadlistened;wouldhaveknown B.listened;wouldknowC.listened;wouldhaveknown D.hadlistened;wouldknow32.Mysuggestionisthatmorepeoplefromallwalksoflife______tofinancetheProjectwiththeirdeeperloveforthesechildren.A.beencouragedB.areencouraged C.wereencouraged D.shouldencourage33.Ican’tstandtheyoungmansittinginthefront.Healwaystalksasthoughhe______everything.A.knew B.knows C.hasknown D.hadknown34.Thomascantakehismotorapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe___mehow.A.teaches B.willteach C.hastaught D.wouldteach35.Thenewtrafficlawrequiresthateveryone___hisorhercarcheckedatleastonceayear.A.has B.had Cwillhave D.have36.Lindacouldn’thaveansweredthequestionsoeasilyifshe_______afewbooksonworldhistorybeforehand.A.hadn’tread B.hasn’tread C.wouldn’thaveread D.didn’tread37.Tobefrank,ifitwerenotforthefactthatyou_____areliableperson,Iwouldnottakesuchpainstohelpyou.A.were B.are C.hadbeen D.havebeen38.___whatwasgoingtohappennext,Iwouldneverhaveleftheralone.

A.HadIknown B.IfIknow C.IfIknew D.IfhadIknown

39.Itisunbelievablethatsuchanexcellentfootballteam_____havefailedinthefinals.A.would B.must C.should D.could40.Mydemandwasthattheinformationreferredtoinmyreport_____toMr.Brownwithoutdelay.A.shouldemail B.emailed C.mustbeemailed D.bee-mailed41.---HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?---No,butIwishI______.A.will B.have C.did D.had42.Theordercamethatallthesmallcoalmines_______downinhalfayear.A.wouldbeclosedB.shouldbeclosedC.mustbeclosed D.wouldclose43.___theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasilyA.HaditnotbeenforB.Ifitwerenot C.Ifithadnotbeenfor D.Wereitnotfor44.—Youshouldhavefedthebirdsyesterday.—Sorry,I_____allaboutit. A.wasforgotten B.haveforgotten C.forgot D.forget45.Ifyou___thatlatemovielastnight,youwouldn’tbesosleepynow. A.haven’twatched B.hadn’twatchedC.didn’twatch D.wouldn'thavewatched

【分层训练答案与解析】1-5CBBDD 6-10CABDA 11-15CABBC 16-20BBADD 21-25BDCAA26-30CCDBB 31-35DAADD 36-40ABACD 41-45DBDCB1.C。if条件句表示与过去事实相反，主句用could/wouldhavedone，从句用过去完成时。2.B。Itishightimethat....表示“早该……”，从句谓语用一般过去时或should+动词原形。注意should不能省。3.B。needn’thavedone表示“过去本不必要做但已经做了”。4.D。butfor,without,otherwise等常与含蓄条件句，本句otherwise=Ifihadknown....，后面是主句，且与过去事实相反。5.D。Iwishthat...从句与过去事实相反应用过去完成时。6.C。Itlooksasif表示“看起来好像”，后接从句表示与现在事实相反应用一般过去时。7.A。suggest表示“暗示，表明”，后接从句应用陈述语气；表示“建议”时，从句用should+动词原形，should可省。8.B。Itisadvisable/necessary/importantthat....从句谓语用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可省。9.D。insist,order,command,advise,suggest,recommend,require,request,demand,desire等动词（一坚持二命令三建议四要求）后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可省。10.A。if条件句表示与过去事实相反，主句用could/wouldhavedone，从句用过去完成时。11.C。if虚拟条件句省略if时，把were,had,should提到句首，构成部分倒装；本句又是与过去事实相反，本应用过去完成时。12.A。本句前半部分是虚拟语气，but后面是过去客观事实，故用一般过去时。13.B。Iwouldratherthat...后接从句与过去事实相反用过去完成时，与现在或将来事实相反均用一般过去时。本题易误选C项，注意该句型只有两个时态。14.B。butfor表示“要不是，如果没有”引导含蓄条件句，主句应用would/couldhavedone。15.C。couldhavedone用于肯定句，表示“本可以做某事”。16.B。if虚拟条件句表示与将来事实相反，从句用一般过去时或weretodo或should+动词原形。17.B。本句是if引导的虚拟条件句且与将来事实相反，省略if又用倒装句。18.A。insist表示“坚持说”后接从句应用陈述语气；表示“坚持认为”后接从句应用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可省。19.D。本句是错综条件句，主句与现在事实相反，故用would/coulddo。20.D。结合语境这里表示与现在事实相反，同时空白处又是主句，故用woulddo。21.B。这里I’dratherthat...从句表示与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时，hadn’t后面省略了toldJennythetruthaboutthenewhouse。22.D。demandthat...从句应用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可省。23.C。ifonly引导感叹句，表示“要是……该多好”，从句与过去事实相反，故用过去完成时。24.A。but后面是过去的客观事实，故用一般过去时。25.A。距离近不用打的是当时的客观事实故用一般过去时。26.C。四个选项只有butfor表示“如果没有”与虚拟语气连用。inspiteof尽管；becauseof因为；butfor要不是；dueto因为，由于。27.C。Ifonly表示“要是……就好”，这里表示与过去事实相反应用过去完成时。28.D。if虚拟条件句表示与现在事实相反故用一般过去时。29.B。Itisessentialthat....从句谓语用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可省。结合语境应用被动形式。30.B。Iwish....从句表示与过去事实相反，故应用过去完成时。31.D。这是错综时间条件句，从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反，故应区别对待。32.A。advice,order,command,suggestion等名词与that从句连用，从句用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可省。33.A。asthough=asif，后面的从句表示与现在事实相反故用一般过去时。34.D。Iwish....从句与将来事实相反应用could/woulddo。35.D。require后面的从句应用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可省。36.A。这是if条件句，从句表示与过去事实相反故用过去完成时。37.B。结合语境“你是可靠的”是现在的客观事实，故用一般现在时。38.A。本句是省略了if的条件句，且表示与过去事实相反，故用过去完成时。39.C。这里shouldhavedone不表示“本应该做某事”而表示说话人惊讶的态度，“居然已经做了某事”。句意：真难以置信，这样一支优秀的足球队居然在决赛中输了。40.D。demand,advice,proposal,suggestion等名词与that从句连用，从句用虚拟语气；结合语境这里表示被动意义。41.D。Iwish...从句表示与过去事实相反，故应用过去完成时。had后面承前省略了beentotheGreatWall。42.B。order,advice,command等表示“建议”类名词与that从句连用，从句用虚拟语气。43.D。A、|C项用法一致，应排除；这里表示与现在事实相反故应用一般过去时。44.C。结合语境“忘记喂鸟”这个动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时。45.B。本句是错综时间条件句，从句表示与过去事实相反，故用过去完成时。分层训练（五）虚拟语气助力书面表达1.(2023新课标I卷)没有你的认可和指导，我不可能写这篇文章。__________________________________________________________________________________________2.如果他们当时知道接下来会发生什么事情，他们有可能就会重新考虑了。__________________________________________________________________________________________3.如果昨天晚上下了雨的话，今天就会非常凉爽了。__________________________________________________________________________________________4.我们在那个小村庄迷了路，否则我们昨天就能参观更多的名胜古迹了。__________________________________________________________________________________________5.要不是因为船长的努力，我们就会连船带人都沉没了。__________________________________________________________________________________________6.要是没有英语老师的帮助，我就不会在英语演讲比赛中获得一等奖了。__________________________________________________________________________________________7.她竟然嫁给这样一个穷光蛋，真是太奇怪了。__________________________________________________________________________________________8.他的沉默暗示他赞同我的决定。__________________________________________________________________________________________9.我要是去车站送过她就好了，但我当时太忙了。__________________________________________________________________________________________10.到了他该上床睡觉的时候了。__________________________________________________________________________________________11.我愿你下个星期天去。__________________________________________________________________________________________12.那两个新来的人聊天的样子仿佛他们已经相识多年了。__________________________________________________________________________________________13.看看我的麻烦！要是我接受你的建议就好了！__________________________________________________________________________________________14.如果我多等一分钟、我就坐上汽车了。__________________________________________________________________________________________15.“要是我当初听取了妈妈的建议该多好!”小女孩低声对自己说。__________________________________________________________________________________________【分层训练五答案】1.Withoutyourrecognitionandguidance,Icouldn’thavewrittenthisarticle.Thankyou!2.Hadtheyknowwhatwascomingnext，theymighthavehadsecondthoughts.3.Ifithadrainedlastnight,itwouldbeverycooltoday.4.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewewouldhavevisitedmoreplacesofinterestyesterday.5.Theshipwouldhavesunkwithallonboardbutfortheeffortsofthecaptain.6.WithoutthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,IwouldnothavewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishSpeakingCompetition.7.Itisstrangethatshe(should)marrysuchapoorman.8.Hissilencesuggestedthatheagreedwithmydecision.9.HowIwishIhadseenheroffatthestation，butIwastoobusy.10.It’shightimethathewent/shouldgotobed.11.Iwouldrat