广东省茂名市五校联盟2025届高三英语第二次联考试题含解析

PAGE1-广东省茂名市五校联盟2025届高三英语其次次联考试题（含解析）本试题卷共8页。全卷满分120分。考试用时100分钟。留意事项：l.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔干脆答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWithsummerbreakcomingupforchildrenacrosstheUnitedStates，nowit'stimetoplanafantasticsummertripforyourfamily.Herareafewofthebestplacesyoucantakeyourfamilytothisyearandanyyearforthatmatter.Montgomery，AlabamaMontgomeryisanimportantsiteforlearningaboutthehistoryoftheCivilRightsMove-ment.ChildrenwiththeirfamiliescanvisittheCivilRightsMemorialCentertotakeatouroftheexhibitsandlearnaboutthehopesanddreamsandthestruggleforequalityinthecountry.KenaiPeninsula，AlaskaIfyouarelookingforawonderfuloutdooradventure，theKenaiPeninsulainAlaskaisafantastictrip.WhilevisitingthisregionofAlaska，youcanexploretheKenaiMountainsinKenaiFjords(峡湾）NationalPark，whereyourkidscanseeglaciers，fjordsandespeciallytheHardingIcefieldFishingisanotherwonderfulactivitytoenjoyatthisdestination.ChannelIslands，CaliforniaTheChannelIslandsareanamazingarchipelago(群岛）)offthecoastofCalifornia.HerevisitorscanenjoytheChannelIslandsNationalPark.TheChannelIslandsNationalParkprotectsfiveoftheislands.Withintheprotectionoftheparkthereisawidevarietyofwildlife，aswellasnaturalandculturalresources.Youshouldkeepaneyeoutforseals，sealions，dolphins,andmanymore.Memphis，TennesseeMemphisisafantasticdestinationforfamiliesthatenjoymusic.ThiscityplayedagreatroleintheevolutionofBluesmusic.Youcertainlywon'twanttomissoutonatriptoGracelandwhileexploringMemphis.ThehomeofElvisPresleyisopentovisitorsfortours,whereyoucantravelthroughthelifeandriseofElvis.1.Wherecanyouenjoyexhibitionsduringyourtrip?A.Montgomery. B.KenaiPeninsula.C.ChannelIslands. D.Memphis.2.WhatcanyoudointheKenaiPeninsula?A.Listentosomemusic.B.Explorevariouswildlife.C.Tryriskingoutdoors.D.Watchallkindsoffishes.3.What’sthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Togivechildrensomeinstructions.B.Tointroducesometripsitesforfamilies.C.Toadvertisesomefamousattractions.D.Toencouragechildrentolearninsummer.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个适合有孩子的家庭去游玩的地方。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据Montgomery，Alabama部分ChildrenwiththeirfamiliescanvisittheCivilRightsMemorialCentertotakeatouroftheexhibitsandlearnaboutthehopesanddreamsandthestruggleforequalityinthecountry.（孩子们和他们的家人可以参观民权纪念中心，参观展览，了解这个国家的希望和幻想以及为同等所做的斗争。）可知Montgomery有一些展览供人们参观。可以推断出，你在Montgomery的旅途中可以观赏各种展览。故选A项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据KenaiPeninsula，Alaska部分“Ifyouarelookingforawonderfuloutdooradventure,theKenaiPeninsulainAlaskaisafantastictrip”假如你正在找寻一个奇妙的户外冒险，KenaiPeninsula是一个奇妙的旅行。可知，在KenaiPeninsula可以参与一些户外冒险活动。故选C项。【3题详解】推理推断题。第一段WithsummerbreakcomingupforchildrenacrosstheUnitedStates，nowit'stimetoplanafantasticsummertripforyourfamily.Hereareafewofthebestplacesyoucantakeyourfamilytothisyearandanyyearforthatmatter.（美国各地孩子们即将迎来暑假，现在是时候为你的家人支配一次奇妙的夏季旅行了。这里是一些最好的地方，你可以带你的家人在今年和任何一年来这里游玩。）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，文章介绍了几个适合有孩子的家庭去游玩的地方。接下来分四个部分介绍了四个地方的特色。故文章的目的是，为有孩子的家庭介绍几个去游玩的地方。为故选B项。【点睛】细微环节理解题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，同学们若能依据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。多数状况下，作者不会明确的呈现一个事实，读者须要依据已有的信息进行处理，读出言外之意。还要特殊留意文章的时间依次、故事发生的地点、情节的发展和人物之间的关系。例如，第2题文章中假如你正在找寻一个奇妙的户外冒险，KenaiPeninsula是一个奇妙的旅行。可知，在KenaiPeninsula可以参与一些户外冒险活动。BAbout10yearsago,Isatinmyoffice,strugglingtowriteanannualprogressreportformyleader.Ienjoywritingscientificpapersthatengagemycreativityandfurthermyresearch.Butreportwritingdoesn’tcomewithanyrewardapartfromthemomentarysatisfactionoffinishingsomething.Likeotherroutinepaperwork,Ifindithardtogetthrough.Sothatday,Iofferedmyselfareward:WhenIfinishedthereport,I'dgivemyself2hourstoexamineslides(载玻片)underthemicroscope—ataskI'vealwayslovedbutneverhadmuchtimeforasastaffmember.It’sastrategyIcall"justforfun"，.ThestrategywasbornoutofchallengesIexperiencedingraduateschool.Iusuallydelayedputtingtogetherreportsforuniversityadministratorsuntilthreateninglettersarrived.Ineverfeltthatpaperworkwasadvancingmyscience,butrathersappingmyenergyandtimeforresearch.Oneofmycommitteemembersrecognizedandunderstoodmydifficulties.Thenhetoldmeabouthisstrategyofrewardinghimselfwithafunprojectwhenhecompletedataskthathedidn’tparticularlyenjoy.Headvisedmetothinkaboutdoingsomethingsimilar.Iimmediatelylikedtheidea.Overthecourseofmycareer，thisstrategyhelpedmecompleteandmovepastthepartsofmyjobthatIdidn’tparticularlyenjoy.TherewardsIgavemyselfprovidedawaytorelaxandremindedmewhyIlovebeingascientist.Asforthatannualreport,Ispentanordinarymorningonitbutgotitdone.ThenIhurriedovertothemicroscope，eagertoinspectaseriesofslidesthatmycollaborators(合作者)hadsentacoupleofweeksearlier.Toothers，itmayhavelookedlikework.Buttome,itwasjustforfun.4.Whydoestheauthordislikereportwriting?A.Hereceivestoolittlefromit.B.Itisextremelyeasytofinish.C.Itneedstoomuchcreativity.D.Hedoesn’tmajorinwriting.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sapping"inParagraph2probablymean?A.Acquiring. B.Consuming.C.Lacking. D.Providing.6.Howdidtheauthorgethisstrategy?A.Throughtheinspirationofhisreportwriting.B.Throughtherewardofhiscollaborators.C.Throughtheinstructionsofuniversityadministrators.D.Throughacommitteemember’ssuggestion.7.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor’sexperience?A.Chooseacareeryoureallylike.B.Seekfunwhendoingscienceresearch.C.Motivateyourselftofinishboringtasks.D.Rewardyourselfwithanewstrategy.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C【解析】本文是记叙文。作者是一名科学家，在一位委员会成员的启发下学会了在做完乏味的任务时给自己一个奖赏，因而始终享受着自己的职业。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据首段中的Butreportwritingdoesn'tcomewithanyrewardapartfromthemomentarysatisfactionoffinishingsomething（但报告写作没有附带任何酬劳除了瞬时完成的满意感）可知，报告写作除了给作者带来该任务完成的片刻满意外没有任何回报。因此，作者得到的东西很少。故此题选A。【5题详解】词义揣测题。本句意思为我感觉写报告这种文书工作不会促进我的科研，而是在消耗我的精力和时间。这和作者首段中表达不喜爱这种工作意思一样，所以此处sapping意为消耗。A.Acquiring.获得；B.Consuming.消费；C.Lacking.缺乏；D.Providing.供应。故此题选B。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的Headvisedmetothinkaboutdoingsomethingsimilar（他建议我考虑着做一些类似的事）及上下句可知，是作者的一位委员会成员看到作者这种状况建议作者完成这种任务时给自己一个奖赏。故选D项。【7题详解】推理推断题。通过文章最终一自然段Toothers,itmayhavelookedlikework.Buttome,itwasjustforfun.（对别人来说是一份工作，但是我把它当成一种享受了）可知作者通过自己的经验告知我们，在我们遇到没有多大意义并无趣的工作任务时，我们可以通过给自己一点儿奖赏来刺激自己完成该任务。作者从中受益匪浅。故此题选C项。CLegoshavebeenakindofpopulartoysforchildrenformorethan60years.Whenchildrengetolder,boxesofplasticLegobricksoftenendupunusedandstoredinout-of-the-wayplacesaroundthehomes.ParentssometimesendupthrowingtheLegosaway.Now,theLegoGrouptoycompanyistestingaprogramtomakesuretheunwantedbricksdonotgotowaste.TheprogramiscalledLegoReplay.Itaimstomakesuretheunwantedbuildingblockscontinuetomakechildrenhappy.TimBrooksistheLegocompany’svicepresidentofenvironmentalsustainability.Hesaid,"NearlyallLegobricksweseethatareouttherehavelotsmoreplayvalueinthem—multi-generationofplayvalue.It’sawasteofenergyandresourcestogrindthemup(碾碎）andmakenewbricks.”Brookssaidtheideacamefromparentswhodonotknowwhattodowiththeoldbricks.PlacingoldLegosinwastecontainersisnotagoodanswer.BirdsandotherwildlifemaytrytoeatwhatlookslikeColorfulfood—withdeadlyresults.WiththeLegoReplayprogram,parentsloadunwantedLegosofallshapesandcolorsintoboxes.Then,theygototheprogramwebsiteandprintoutamailinglabel.Theboxesaresenttoprocessingcenters,wherethebricksaresorted,cleanedandshippedtoaidgroupsanddonationcenters.TheLegoReplaytestprogramissettolastthroughMarch.Ifitissuccessful,theprogrammaybeexpandedtoincludeotherLegoproducts.TheLegoGroupisalsolookingatothermaterialstouseintheirtoys.Whileplastichasprovedtobethestrongestmaterial,Legohasbegunmakingsomebricksoutofsugarcane(甘蔗).8.What’sthemainpurposeofLegoReplay?A.Toentertainthosechildrenwithouttoys.B.TomakeunwantedLegobricksreused.C.TopreventparentstothrowtheLegosaway.D.Toavoidusingunwantedbricksbystoringthem.9.WhereareunwantedLegobrickssortedandcleanedaccordingtoLegoReplay?A.Atprocessingcenters.B.Atdonationcenters.C.Ontheprogramwebsite.D.Intheowners’homes.10.WhatdoesBrooksprobablyagreewith?A.Legobrickswastetoomanyresources.B.UnwantedLegobricksstillhavevalue.C.WeshouldstoreoldLegosinwastecontainers.D.Legobricksarefavoritefoodofsomebirds.11.WhatdoestheLegoGroupexploreaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.MoreotherLegoproducts.B.Properuseofplastics.C.Similarproductstosugarcane.D.Newmaterialsofproducingbricks.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了乐高公司正在研发一个项目，旨在确保不须要的积木接着使孩子快乐。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。由其次段中的“Itaimstomakesuretheunwantedbuildingblockscontinuetomakechildrenhappy”（它旨在确保不须要的积木接着让孩子们欢乐。）可知这个支配旨在让不须要的积木再次被运用，让孩子们欢乐。故选B项。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据倒数第三段中的“Theboxesaresenttoprocessingcenters,wherethebricksaresorted,cleanedandshippedtoaidgroupsanddonationcenters.”（这些盒子被送到加工中心，在那里，积木被分类、清理，然后被运输到救济团体和捐赠中心。）可知这些积木是在加工处理中心被分类和清洗的。故选A项。【10题详解】细微环节理解题。由第三段中“"NearlyallLegobricksweseethatareouttherehavelotsmoreplayvalueinthem—multi-generationofplayvalue.It’sawasteofenergyandresourcestogrindthemup(碾碎）andmakenewbricks.””（“几乎全部我们看到的乐高积木都有更多的嬉戏价值，多代嬉戏价值。把它们磨碎并制造新的刹车片是奢侈能源和资源的。”）可知Brooks可能会同意“不须要的乐高积木还会有价值”这个观点。故选B项。【11题详解】细微环节理解题。由最终一段首句“TheLegoGroupisalsolookingatothermaterialstouseintheirtoys.”（乐高集团也在找寻其他材料用于他们的玩具。）可知乐高集团公司在找寻制造乐高玩具的新材料。故选D项。DEngineersattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiegohavedevelopedanewmethodthatdoesn'trequireanyspecialequipmentandworksinjustminutestocreatesoft,flexible,3D-prntedrobots.Theinnovationcomesfromrethinkingthewaysoftrobotsarebuilt:insteadoffiguringouthowtoaddsoftmaterialstoarigidrobotbody,theUCSanDiegoresearcherstartedwithasoftbodyandaddedrigidfeaturestokeycomponents.Thestrictureswereinspiredbyinsectexoskeletons,whichhavebothsoftandrigidparts—theresearcherscalledtheircreations“flexoskeletons(柔性外骨骼）”.Thenewmethodallowsfortheconstructionofsoftcomponentsforrobotsinasmallbitofthetimepreviouslyneededandforasmallbitofthecost.“Wehopethattheseflexoskeletonswillleadtothecreationofanewclassofsoftrobots,”saidNickGravish，amechanicalengineeringprofessorattheJacobsSchoolofEngineeringattheUCSanDiegoandthepaper’sseniorauthor.“Wewanttomakesoftrobotseasiertobuildforresearchersallovertheworld.”Thenewmethodmakesitpossibletobuildlargegroupsofflexoskeletonrobotswithlittlehandassembly(装配）aswellasassemblealibraryofLego-likecomponentssothatrobotpartscanbeeasilyswapped.ResearchersdetailtheirworkintheApril7issueofthejournalSoftRobotics.Theteamplanstomaketheirdesignsavailabletoresearchersatotherinstitutionsaswellashighschools.Oneflexoskeletoncomponenttakes10minutestoprintandcostslessthan$1.Flexokeletonprintingcanbedoneonmostlow-costcommerciallyavailableprinters.Printingandassemblingawholerobottakesundertwohours.Thefinalgoalistocreateanassemblylinethatprintswholeflexoskeletonrobotswithoutanyneedforhandassembly.Thesesmallrobotscoulddoasmuchworkasonemassiverobotonitsown—ormore.12.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Theoriginofthenewmethod.B.Thefunctionofthenewmethod.C.Theadvantagesofthenewmethod.D.Thecostofthenewmethod.13.What’sNick’sattitudetowardsflexoskeletons?A.Indifferent. B.Skeptical.C.Curious. D.Hopeful.14.Whatwillresearchersintendtodowithflexoskeletons?A.Benefitmossstudents.B.Producealotofflexoskeletonrobots.C.Buildrobotsbyhand.D.Createmanylargerones.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.NewRobosMadeofSpecialEquipmentandMaterialsB.ANewMethodofBuildingGiant,SoftandFlexibleRobotsC.FlexoskeletonsMakeSoftRobotsFasterandCheapertoMakeD.FlexoskeletonsCreateLotsofSoftRobotswithHandAssembly【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。圣地亚哥加利福尼亚高校的探讨人员最近研发了一种新工艺，能够快速、便利地制造出刚柔性兼有的混合机器人。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Theinnovationcomesfromrethinkingthewaysoftrobotsarebuilt以及Thestructureswereinspiredbyinsectexoskeletons…”创新来自于反思软机器人的建立方式以及昆虫的外骨骼结构受……可知，本段主要叙述这场革新来自重新思索柔性机器人的制造方式，受到了昆虫外骨骼的启发。因此本段主要是介绍这项新方法的由来。故选A项。【13题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段中Nick说的话“Wehopethattheseflexoskeletonswillleadtothecreationofanewclassofsoftrobots”我们希望这些柔性外骨骼机器人能够创建出一种新型的软机器人。以及“Wewanttomakesoftrobotseasiertobuildforresearchersallovertheworld”我们想让全世界的探讨人员更简单建立软机器人。可知，作者希望柔性外骨骼能够更多的应用到实际中，使其得到进一步的发展，可以推断，他对柔性外骨骼是充溢希望和期盼的。故选D项。【14题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中的“Thefinalgoalistocreateanassemblylinethatprintswholefexoskeletonrobotswithoutanyneedforhandassembly”最终的目标是创建一条不须要手工装配就能打印整个柔性外骨骼机器人的装配线，和倒数其次段中的“Flexoskeletonprintingcanbedoneonmostlow-costcommerciallyavailableprinters”柔性外骨骼打印可以在大多数低成本的商用打印机上完成。可知，探讨人员的目标是创建生产线大量生产这种柔机器人。故探讨人员准备用柔性外骨骼来生产很多柔性外骨骼机器人。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章开篇就介绍主题：探讨人员研发出一种新方法，可以快速创建出柔性的3D打印机器人。该项技术使得柔性机器人的研发更快捷、便宜。可以推断文章的主题为，柔性外骨骼使机器人的制作速度更快，成本也更低。故选C项。【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如争论文中找寻表达作者观点看法的词句，记叙文找寻概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。如小题4文章开篇就介绍主题：探讨人员研发出一种新方法，可以快速创建出柔性的3D打印机器人。该项技术使得柔性机器人的研发更快捷、便宜。可以推断文章的主题为，柔性外骨骼使机器人的制作速度更快，成本也更低。其次节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Attimesitcanbedifficulttomaintainahealthylifestylewhiletraveling.Herearesomehealthyhabitstohelpyoumaintainahealthylifestylewhileenjoyingyourtravels.TakedrivingbreaksWhenyouaretakingalong-distancetrip,youmaywanttogettoyourdestinationasfastaspossible.___16___.Youwillfeelhealthierandhappierifyoutakeadvantageofyourabilitytostopwhereveryouwant,andtakeafewbreaks.Makesureyoutaketimetogetappropriaterest,foreveryoneneedsadequatesleep.___17___Everyoneneedstogetsomeexercise,andfortunatelyyouhavetheopportunitytotraveltosomeextremelybeautifulandfascinatingdestinations.Youwillfindthatyougettheopportunitytoexploretherealbeautyofyourdestinationbyhikingandwalking.Takeadvantageofthisfantasticopportunitytodevelopthehealthyhabitofgettingregularexercise.DrinkwaterIfyouaretravelingtoawarmdestination,especiallyadesertdestination,makesuretostayhydrated.Waterisrareinthedesertandthesunandheatcontributetoeasydehydration.___18___.Drinkingenoughwaterisalsoagoodhabittopracticeevenwhenyouaren’tinthesun,somakesuretokeepdrinkingwaterevenafteryouleavethewarmenvironsyoutravelto.Staysunsafe___19___.Whileenjoyingthebeautifulweatherinyourvacationdestination,makesuretostaysunsafe.Thismeansusingenoughsunscreen,ofatleast30SPF.Youcanalsowearlong-sleevedshirtsandpants,whichprovidegreatprotectionfromtheharmfulraysofthesun.___20___.A.GoforahikeortwoB.EatenoughfreshfoodsC.ManyplacesyoumaytraveltoarewarmandsunnyD.ThismayleadyoutodriveformanyhourscontinuouslyE.MakesureyoualwayshaveanabundantsupplyofdrinkingwaterF.YoucanalsoparkfartherawayfromyourdestinationandwalkmoreG.Othersunsafepreventionmeasureslikewearingsunglassescanprotectyoureyes【答案】16.D17.A18.E19.C20.G【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当你在旅游的时候如何保持身体健康。【16题详解】依据空前Whenyouaretakingalong-distancetrip,youmaywanttogettoyourdestinationasfastaspossible.(当你进行长途旅行时，你可能想要尽快到达目的地)可知，D.Thismayleadyoutodriveformanyhourscontinuously(这可能会导致你连续开车好几个小时)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选D。【17题详解】本段主要介绍的是熬炼能保持我们的身体健康。尤其依据Youwillfindthatyougettheopportunitytoexploretherealbeautyofyourdestinationbyhikingandwalking.(你会发觉，通过远足和漫步，你有机会探究你的目的地真正的漂亮)可知，作者认为远足和漫步是保持健康的好方式。由此可知，A.Goforahikeortwo(去远足一两次)适合做本段主旨。故选A。【18题详解】依据本段落的小标题Drinkwater可知，这一段落的主要内容就是告知我们须要喝大量的水。依据空前Waterisrareinthedesertandthesunandheatcontributetoeasydehydration.(沙漠中水很稀有，阳光和热量简单导致脱水)可知，当我们前往沙漠旅行时必须要带够足够的水。由此可知，E.Makesureyoualwayshaveanabundantsupplyofdrinkingwater(确保你有足够的饮用水)符合语境。故选E。19题详解】依据下文Whileenjoyingthebeautifulweatherinyourvacationdestination,makesuretostaysunsafe.(在你的度假目的地享受奇妙天气的同时，要留意防晒)可知，此处在讲你旅行的地方天气很好。由此可知，C.Manyplacesyoumaytraveltoarewarmandsunny(很多你可以去旅游的地方都是温温煦阳光绚丽的)正好与下文天气好进行连接，符合语境。故选C。【20题详解】依据上文Youcanalsowearlong-sleevedshirtsandpants,whichprovidegreatprotectionfromtheharmfulraysofthesun.(你也可以穿长袖衬衫和长裤，这能很好地爱护你免受太阳有害射线的损害)可知，此处在讲防晒的方法，所以下文也是接着讲给防晒的方法。由此可知G.Othersunsafepreventionmeasureslikewearingsunglassescanprotectyoureyes(其他防晒措施，如戴太阳镜，可以爱护你的眼睛)符合语境。故选G。其次部分语言学问运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Wehadatornado(龙卷风)touchdownneartheschool,andasexpected,，wewentintoouremergencytornadoprocedures.Itwasadayweneverwantedtohappen,but___21___preparedforthroughouttheschoolyear.Iwasn'teveninthe___22___whenithappened.Ihadtakenastudentwithmetotheworkroomtohelp___23___itemsforaproject.Whenthealarmstared___24___,Iimmediatelytookmystudent’shandand___25___asfastasIcouldbacktotheclassroom.NeverdidIimagineneedingtoputourtornado___26___touse.Ineverimaginedactuallyneedingto___27___mystudentsupagainstthewall,havethemcrouch(蹲)downwiththeirkneesandheads___28___theground,handsonthebacksoftheirheads.Theirhearswere___29___sofastthattheycouldn’tcatchtheirbreath，andthe____30____filledtheireyeslookingupatmeastheyaskeditheirfamiliesand____31____weregoingtobeokay.Inthemidstofthevery____32____anddangeroussituation,mystudents____33____themselveswiththeattitudesandmindsetofchildrenmuch____34____thanthem.NeverinmylifehaveIseenmystudents____35____directionssoquickly,andwithouthesitation.Eventhoughsometears____36____down,andsomeheartswerebeatingfast,mystudentswerebrave.Theyhadsuchafirm____37____inmyassistantandmethattheywereabletobe100%____38____.Theywerebravebeyondtheir____39____todayandforthat,Iamverygrateful.Rightnow,I____40____thedayandamthankfulforoursafety，courage,andbravery.21.A.hardly B.continually C.safely D.suddenly22.A.classroom B.school C.workroom D.laboratory23.A.buy B.deliver C.gather D.swap24.A.comingabout B.blowingaway C.sendingup D.goingoff25.A.called B.ran C.drove D.stepped26.A.drills B.warnings C.events D.details27.A.get B.put C.line D.set28.A.kicking B.hitting C.scratching D.touching29.A.beating B.jumping C.trembling D.striking30.A.courage B.fear C.hope D.disaster31.A.brothers B.classmates C.teachers D.friends32.A.vivid B.unique C.frightening D.practical33.A.enjoyed B.handled C.provided D.injured34.A.older B.smarter C.healthier D.luckier35.A.announce B.describe C.recite D.follow36.A.looked B.hid C.rolled D.turned37.A.goal B.emotion C.trust D.conclusion38.A.clear B.calm C.cautious D.honest39.A.abilities B.grades C.memories D.years40.A.lookbackon B.makeupfor C.lookforwardto D.takeadvantageof【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.B26.A27.C28.D29.A30.B31.D32.C33.B34.A35.D36.C37.C38.B39.D40.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了龙卷风在作者学校旁边登陆，他们进入了紧急避险程序。虽然学生们都很胆怯 ，但是都表现得比他们大的孩子还要英勇和冷静，遵从指示，作者回顾那一天，对他们的平安、志气和英勇而心存感谢。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是我们确定不想发生的一天，但我们整个学年都在不断地准备着。A.hardly几乎不；B.continually不断地；C.safely平安地；D.suddenly突然。依据后文preparedforthroughouttheschoolyear可知作者他们整个学年都在不断地（continually）为龙卷风发生的状况进行准备。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事情发生的时候我甚至不在教室里。A.classroom教室；B.school学校；C.workroom工作室；D.laboratory试验室。依据后文asfastasIcouldbacktotheclassroom.可知作者当时不在教室里。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我曾带一个学生去工作间帮忙为一个项目收集物品。A.buy买；B.deliver递送；C.gather收集，聚集；D.swap交换。结合后文itemsforaproject可知作者当时在带一个学生去工作间帮忙为一个项目收集物品。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当警报起先响起时，我立即抓住我的学生的手，以最快的速度跑回教室。A.comingabout发生；B.blowingaway吹走；C.sendingup射出；D.goingoff走开，响起。依据上文thealarmstarted可知此处指警报起先响起。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当警报起先响起时，我立即抓住我的学生的手，以最快的速度跑回教室。A.called打电话；B.ran奔跑；C.drove驾驶；D.stepped行走。结合后文asfastasIcouldbacktotheclassroom.可知龙卷风发生了，作者是以最快速度跑回教室的。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有想过真的须要运用我们对龙卷风的演练。A.drills演习，操练；B.features特点；C.warnings警告；D.details细微环节。结合上文preparedforthroughouttheschoolyear.可知作者的学校始终在为龙卷风做准备，因此这次他们用上了之前学到对龙卷风的演练。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有想过真的须要让我的学生靠墙排成一排，让他们蹲下，膝盖着地，头着地，手放在后脑勺上。A.get得到；B.put放置；C.line排列；D.set设置。依据后文mystudentsupagainstthewall可知作者学生靠墙排成一排。短语lineup表示“排列起”。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有想过真的须要让我的学生靠墙排成一排，让他们蹲下，膝盖着地，头着地，手放在后脑勺上。A.kicking踢；B.hitting碰撞；C.scratching擦伤；D.touching触碰。依据上文havethemcrouchdownwiththeirkneesandheads可知学生们蹲下，膝盖着地，头着地，手放在后脑勺上。这样可以避开在龙卷风攻击时受到更多的损害。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的心跳如此之快，以至于无法呼吸，当他们问家人和挚友是否会好起来时，他们抬头看着我，恐惊充溢了他们的眼睛。A.beating跳动；B.jumping跳动；C.trembling颤抖；D.striking罢工。依据下文someheartswerebeatingfast可知是指心跳的很快。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的心跳如此之快，以至于无法呼吸，当他们问家人和挚友是否会好起来时，他们抬头看着我，恐惊充溢了他们的眼睛。A.courage志气；B.fear恐惊；C.hope希望；D.disaster灾难。龙卷风来袭，灾难面前学生们确定都是很恐惊胆怯 的。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的心跳如此之快，以至于无法呼吸，当他们问家人和挚友是否会好起来时，他们抬头看着我，恐惊充溢了他们的眼睛。A.brothers兄弟；B.classmates同学；C.teachers老师；D.friends挚友。结合上文theirfamilyand可知是询问家人和挚友的状况。故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在特别恐怖和危急的状况下，我的学生们以比他们大很多的孩子的看法和心态去面对。A.vivid生动的；B.unique独特的；C.scary恐怖的，吓人的；D.practical实际的。结合后文anddangeroussituation可知是指恐怖和危急的状况。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我为我的学生们当时应对这种状况的表现感到傲慢和惊异。A.enjoyed观赏；B.handled处理；应付（某人或某事）；C.provided供应；D.injured损害。结合后文mystudentsfaceditwiththeattitudesandmindsetofchildrenmuch可知作者的学生当时特别英勇冷静，作者为他们当时应付龙卷风发生状况的表现感到傲慢和惊异。故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在特别恐怖和危急的状况下，我的学生们以比他们大很多的孩子的看法和心态去面对。A.older更年长的，更老的；B.smarter更聪慧的；C.healthier更健康的；D.luckier更幸运的。依据后文thanthem可知此处理解为学生们以比他们大很多（older）的孩子的看法和心态去面对。倒数其次段中Theywerebravebeyondtheiryears也是提示。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的生活中，我从来没有见过我的学生如此快速、精确、坚决果断地遵从指导去做这些动作。A.announce宣布；B.describe描述；C.recite背诵；D.follow遵从，跟随。依据上文他们蹲下，膝盖着地，头着地，手放在后脑勺上以及后文directions可知是遵从指示，followdirections“遵从指示”。故选D。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然有人流泪，有人心跳加速，但我的学生都很英勇。A.looked看着；B.hid隐藏；C.rolled（液体）滚落；D.turned转动。结合上文sometears可知此处指眼泪滚落下来，rolldown“滚下”。故选C。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们特别信任我的助手和我，所以他们都能保持100%的冷静。A.goal目标；B.emotion情感；C.trust信任；D.conclusion结论。结合上文学生们都很冷静英勇，听从老师和助手的指示，可知他们很信任作者和助手。故选C。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们特别信任我的助手和我，所以他们都能保持100%的冷静。A.clear清晰的；B.calm安静的；C.cautious谨慎的；D.honest诚恳的。依据后文Theywerebravebeyondtheiryears可知学生们整个过程中都很冷静。故选B。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的英勇超越了他们的年龄，今日我对此特别感谢。A.abilities实力；B.grades年级；C.memories记忆；D.years年龄。依据上文Theywerebravebeyondtheir可知作者认为学生们的英勇超越了年龄，对学生们的表现感到感谢。故选D。【40题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：现在，我回顾这一天，为我们的平安、志气和志气而心存感谢。A.lookbackon回顾；B.makeupfor弥补；C.lookforwardto期盼；D.takeadvantageof利用。结合上文Rightnow可知事情已经过去，作者在回顾事情发生的那一天。依据故选A。其次节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ifyouhavealwayswantedtobecome___41___astronaut,nowcouldbeyourchance.NowtheUSspaceagencyNASAisseekingcandidatestobefutureastronauts.ThesearchcomesafterNASA___42___(announce)planstosendthefirstwomanandthenextmantothemoonaspartofitsArtemisProgramlastyear.Artemisaimstoreturnhumanstothemoonby2024.NASA’snextgoalistoestablishalong-termbaseonthemoon,___43___NASAsaysitwillbeabletolaunchregularspaceoperations,___44___(include)taskstoMars(火星).NASAsaysitexpectstochoosethefinalcandidatesinthemiddleof2024.Theywillthen___45___(immediate)begintrainingtobecomeArtemisGenerationastronauts.SowhatexactlyisNASAlookingforinitscrewofnewastronaut?Twogeneral___46___(requirement)arethatapplicantsmustbeUScitizensandholdamaster’sdegreeinafield___47___(relate)toscience,technology,engineeringormathematics.___48___addition，candidatesshouldalsohaveatleasttwoyearsof___49___(profession)experienceintheirfield.Ofcourse,allapplicantswillhavetocompleteaNASAphysical____50____(examine)totesttheirfitnessforlong-termspaceflight.【答案】41.an42.announced43.where44.including45.immediately46.requirements47.related48.In49.professional50.examination【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了，美国宇航局正在找寻将来宇航员的候选人。【41题详解】考查冠词。本句意为“假如你始终想成为一名宇航员，现在可能是你的机会。”，此处泛指一名宇航员，astronaut是以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。【42题详解】考查时态。此处缺乏谓语动词，lastyear是过去时间，announce这个动作已发生，用一般过去时。故填announced。【43题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是along-termbaseonthemoon，指地点，在从句中做地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故填where。【44题详解】考查介词。本句意为“美国航天局的下一个目标是在月球上建立一个长期基地，美国航天局说，它将能够在那里进行常规的太空作业，包括前往火星的任务。”，此处指“包括”，用介词including。故填including。【45题详解】考查副词。immediate要修饰动词begin，副词修饰动词。故填immediately。【46题详解】考查名词的数。主语意为“两个一般要求”，数词Two后接可数名词复数，requirement（须要）是可数名词，此空用名词复数。故填requirements。【47题详解】考查过去分词。此句已有谓语动词mustbe和hold且再无连词，此处用非谓语形式，berelatedto为固定短语，本句为过去分词作后置定语。故填related。【48题详解】考查固定搭配。固定搭配inaddition，意为“除……之外、此外”，首字母大写。故填In。【49题详解】考查形容词。本句意为“此外，候选人还应在他们的领域里至少有两年的专业的阅历。”，名词experience须要形容词来修饰，此处用形容词形式。故填professional。【50题详解】考查名词。本句意为“当然，全部申请者都必需完成一个美国宇航局的体检，以测试他们是否适合长期太空飞行。”，aNASAphysical___10___是一个名词短语，此空用名词形式。故填examination。第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线（\)划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。留意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Ihadaveryspecialvacationlastwinter.AterriblediseasecallingCOVID-19struckWuhanonDecember.Thewholenationisundertheshadowoftheoutbreakinashorttime.Tensofthousandofpeoplewereinfectedwiththevirus.Thankful,thegovernmenttooktimelymeasuresandcalledonourselvestostayathometoavoidclosepersonalcontact.Inthemeantime,aplentyofmedicalexpertsandnursingprofessionalswenttoWuhanvoluntarily,whoshowedthattheChinesec