Unit3Backtothepast词汇学案-高中英语译林版（2020）选择性

选择性必修三第三单元单词学案1.breadthn.宽度；广泛Theroomisfourmetersinbreadth.broadadj.广阔的，广泛的broadlyadv.大体上broadenv.拓宽broadenone’shorizons拓宽视野单句语法填空

①

Where

will

we

find

someonewith

her(broad)ofexperience?

②

O'Connell

Bridge

in

Dublin

isfamous

for

being(broad)

than

it

is

long.

③

Many

of

the

findings

in

this

studyare(broad)similarto

those

of

Jones.

④

They

are(broad)the

bridge

to

speed

up

the

flow

oftraffic.2.convincevt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说Youmustconvinceyourselfofyoursuccess.I'vebeentryingtoconvincehimtoseeadoctor.I’dconvincedmyselfthatIwasright.convincesbofsth/that...使某人相信某事convincesbtodosth说服某人做某事convincedadj.确信的；深信的convincingadj.令人信服的；有说服力的convincinglyadv.令人信服地;有说服力地单句语法填空

①You'll

need

to

convince

themyour

enthusiasm

forthe

job.

②Oscar

convinced

the

manager(look)in

the

recordof

advance

ticket

sales.③Although

the

playersinour

teamare

young,

I'm

fully(convince)they

will

win

today.

④Scientists

say

there

is

no(convince)evidence

that

powerlines

have

anything

to

do

withcancer.3.voyagen.航海，航行，航天vi.航行，远行TheywillvoyageacrosstheAtlanticOcean.onone’sfirstvoyage第一次航行anaroundtheworldvoyage环球航行4.fleetn.舰队；捕鱼船队；车队5.navigatevt.航行；导航vi.导航Henavigatedhisboatthroughthestormywaters.navigationn.导航；航行navigatorn.航海家；领航员6.onbehalfof代表（或代替）；为帮助；为了OnbehalfoftheStudents'Union,I'mwritingtoinviteyoutogiveusaspeechonChinesehistory.MrJohnsoncannotbehere,sohiswifewillaccepttheprizeonhisbehalf.onbehalfofsb.=onone’sbehalf翻译句子Thebossisn’thereatthemoment,butI’dbehappyto.老板现在不在，但我很乐意代表她签合同。7.loadv.装上,装入n.负载,承载量；大量Thetruckwasloadedwithboxesoffruit.Pleasehelpmetoloadthesebagsintothecar.load...with

...往……里装……o

/onto...把……装到……里/上loads

of...=aloadof...大量/许多……takealoadoffone’smind使某人如释重负单句语法填空

①

On

the

day

of

the

party

the

tablewas

loadedfood.

②

How

long

will

it

take(load)the

sand

onto

the

lorry?

③

There

were

loadspeople

standing

beside.

④Please

load

the

programthe

puter.8passn.罗盘，指南针；圆规9.logn.航海日志，正式记录；原木vi.&vt.伐木keepalog记航海日志logtrees伐木10.strengthenvt.&vi.加强，增强Exercisecanhelptostrengthenyourmuscles.strengthn.力量,力气;[C]优势,长处buildupone’sstrength增强体力withallone’sstrength用全力strengthsandweaknesses(=advantagesanddisadvantages)优势和劣势/长处和短处strongadj.强大的;强壮的;强烈的;坚定的;健康的,身体好的stronglyadv.强烈地;坚决地单句语法填空

①

The

aim

of

the

meeting

is

to(strength)the

relationship

between

the

two

countries.

②

He

allows

them

to

give

advice

onhow

to

develop

his(strength)and

avoid

his

weaknesses.③We(strong)remendinsuring

against

sickness

or

injury.

④

He

pushed

against

the

rock

withall

his(strong).11.harmoniousadj.友好和睦的；协调的，和谐的Letusworktogethertocreateaharmoniouscampus!harmonyn.和谐，和睦；融洽；协调liveinharmonywith与…和谐相处strengthenharmoniousrelations加强和谐的关系12.dismissvt.不予考虑；对…不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散Washelying?Itriedtodismissthethought.Hewasdismissedfromhisjob.At12o'clocktheclasswasdismissed.dismisssth/sbas....把…当做…不予理会dismisssbfrom....把某人从…（职位）解雇13.proofn.证据，证明adj.防…的；抗…的Thereisnoproofthattheknifebelongedtoher.IfanyoneneedsproofofAndrewgeniusasawriter,thisnovelisit.provev.证明linkingverb.证明是/后来被发现是14.acknowledgevt.承认（权威、地位);承认(属实);(公开)感谢Sherefusestoacknowledgetheneedforreform.Heiswidelyacknowledgedasthebestplayerintheworld.beacknowledgedas/tobe...被认为是...Itiswidely/generally/universallyacknowledgedthat...人们普遍认为....单句语法填空

①

Historiansgenerallyacknowledgeherageniusinherfield.②

Asphericopticalpartprocessingisan(acknowledge)conundrumaroundtheworld.③iswidelyacknowledgedthatTaiwanisapartofChina.15.influentialadj.有很大影响力的，有支配力的TheeducationIhavereceivedisinfluentialinformingmycharacter.Thisbookwasenormouslyinfluential.aninfluentialfigure有影响力的人物beinfluentialin(doing)sth有很大影响的haveaninfluence/impact/effecton...对...有影响16.insistvi.&vt.坚决要求，坚持；坚持说Thenaughtyboyinsistedonbuyingthetoy.Iinsistthatyouapologizeforyourbehavior.insiston/upon(sth/doingsth)坚持做...，坚决要求insistthat…坚决要求；坚持说坚持说+宾从（陈述语气）坚持要求+宾从(虚拟语气）单句语法填空

①Heinsistedthathe_______(be)rightandfirmlyinsistedthatthey__(apologize)tohiminstantly.②Heinsistedthathe(be)right.17.routen.路线，路途；途径，渠道Thequickestroutetotheairportisthroughthehighway.anescaperoute逃脱的路径18.financialadj.财政的，金融的，财务的Localbusinesseshaveprovidedfinancialsupport.financialsystem金融体系financialmarket金融市场financen.财政，财政学；金融v.给…提供资金financiallyadv.财政上；金融上19.departvi.&vt.离开,启程Mr.WangwilldepartforHongKongtomorrow.departfrom离开；从…出发；违背departfor/leavefor离开/动身去..departure离开；启程；出发20.shortagen.不足，短缺Vietnamissufferingfromfoodshortage.Thereisaseriousshortageoffoodinsomeareas.Theirpanywasshortoffunds.food/watershortages食物/用水短缺ashortageof缺少…beshortof缺乏…的，短缺…的单句语法填空①Thereisno（short）ofthingstodointhetown.21.leakvi.漏，渗漏；渗入vt.漏，渗漏；泄露n.漏洞Moredetailsarenowbeginningtoleakout.Thecontentsofthereportwereleakedtothepress.Waterwasleakingfromthepipe.Waterhasstartedtoleakintothecellar.leaksthtosb向某人泄露某事(sth)leakout（秘密信息等）泄露；走漏；透漏单句语法填空①Apipecracked,(leak)wateralloverthehouse.22.panicn.惊恐，恐慌vi.&vt.(panicked,panicked)(使)惊慌,(使)惊慌失措Whenpeopleheardthethreateningnews,theyfledthevillageinpanic.Guestspanickedandscreamedwhenthebombexploded.Thegunfirepanickedthehorses.in(a)panic惊慌地amomentofpanic一时惊慌causepanic引起恐慌22.regardlessadv.不顾，不加理会TheweatherwasterriblebutwecarriedonregardlessOurclubisopentoeveryoneregardlessofage,sexortheeducation.23.shoren.岸，滨Theywalkeddowntotheshore.24.subsequentadj.随后的，后来的Subsequenteventsconfirmedourdoubts.Subsequentstudieshaveeupwithsimilarresults.subsequentto......继...之后subsequentlyadv.随后，其后；后来单句语法填空①Thoseexplosionsmusthavebeensubsequentourdeparture,becausewedidn’thearanything.25.captainn.船长，机长；上校；队长Heservedasacaptaininthearmy.26.allowfor使成为可能；考虑到，把…计算在内Itwilltakeaboutanhourtogetthere,allowingfortrafficdelays.Allthesefactorsmustbeallowedfor.单句语法填空

①

We

have

to

allowthe

possibility

that

we

might

notfinish

this

project

on

schedule.

②(allow)for

the

badweather,we

should

set

off

rightnow.27.kingdomn.王国；管辖范围28.astonishvt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊Theendingofthenovelwillastonishyou.Hisastonishedlooksuggestedhedidn’tbelievewhathadhappened.astonishingadj.惊人的；令人惊讶的astonishedadj.感到十分惊讶的；吃惊的astonishmentn.惊讶；令人惊讶的事物toone’sastonishment令某人惊讶的是inastonishment惊讶地beastonishedatsth对某事感到吃惊Itastonishessbthat.../Whatastonishessbisthat...让某人感到惊讶的是...单句语法填空

①Yesterday,she(astonish)us

by

saying

she

was

leaving.

②

I

find

it(astonish)that

he

should

be

so

rude

to

you.

③

She

seemed(astonish)that

I

had

never

been

to

Paris.

④

I

spotted

a

shooting

star

which,tomy(astonish),wasbright

green

in

colour.29.royaladj.盛大的，庄严的；皇家的，王室的Theyaremembersoftheroyalfamily.Theweddingwasattendedbyroyalty.Purpleisassociatedwithroyalty.royaltyn.王室成员;皇室；庄严aroyalwele一个隆重的欢迎30.tombn.坟墓31.literaryadj.文学的，文学上的；爱好文学的ItwasChaucerwhoreallyturnedEnglishintoaliterarylanguage.literaturen.文学；著作32.extensivelyadv.广阔地；广泛地Alltheseissueshavebeenextensivelyresearchedinrecentyears.Thereportisbasedonextensiveresearch.Carefulmaintenancecanextendthelifeofyourcar.extensiveadj.广泛的，广阔的extendvt.扩展;扩大extensionn.扩大;延伸;增加部分extensiveknowledge广博的知识33.facilitatevt.使便利，促进Thenewairportwillfacilitatethedevelopmentoftourism.Studentsshouldtakefulladvantageoftheuniversity’sfacilities.facilityn.设施；设备34.sortout理顺，整理；把…安排好Pleasesortoutallyourbillsasquicklyaspossible.Thereareallsortsofrooms.Shesortofpretendsthatshedoesn’treallycare.sortv.将…分类；整理n.种类，类别35.availableadj.可获得的，可找到的；有空的Willshebeavailablethisafternoon?Notenoughdataisavailabletoscientists.Areyouavailableforameetingtomorrowmorning?sthbeavailabletosb对某人来说是可使用/可获得的(sb)beavailable某人有空availablefor可用于单句语法填空

①

There

are

various

treatmentsavailablethis

condition.

②In

the

1980s,electricity

wasavailablepeople

inalmost

all

areas

of

the

country.36.prisonn.监狱Hetriedtoescapefromprison.Ididnotwanttogotoprisonagain.Oncehemitsacrime,hewillbeputinprison.escapefromprison越狱gotoprison入狱；被监禁beputinprison被送去坐牢prisonern.犯人，囚犯；俘虏37.ministern.大臣，部长ThePrimeMinisterisvisitingJapanatthemoment.38.exceptionaladj.杰出的，优秀的；异常的，罕见的Attheageoffive,heshowedexceptionaltalentasamusician.Eachplant,withoutexception,containssomekindofsalt.Onlyinexceptionalcircumstanceswillthedeadlinebeextended.exceptionallyadv.异常地；特殊地；例外地exceptionn.例外；异议withoutexception无一例外单句语法填空

①The

pany

has

shown(exception)growth

over

the

pasttwo

years.

②

This

isexceptionalcase;I've

never

seen

anythinglike

it

before.39.phrasen.成语，习语；短语，词组40.formatn.总体安排，设计；版式They’vebroughtoutthemagazineinanewformat.41.shelfn.(pl.shelves)（书架等的）架子，搁板ThebookIwantwasonthetopshelf.单句语法填空

①

He

put

up

some(shelf)in

his

bedroom.

②Theoretically,the

price

is

supposedto

be

markedtheshelf.42.adoptvt.采取，采用；表决采纳；领养，收养vi.领养，收养Somepeopleprefertoadoptinfants.Theschoolhasdecidedtoadoptadifferentapproachtodiscipline.adoptasuggestion采纳建议adoptachild领养孩子adoptedadj.收养的，领养的adoptionn.采纳；领养单句语法填空

①

Thegroupisworkingtopromotethe(adopt)ofbroadbandwirelessaccessoverlongdistance.43parisonn.对比；比较byparison相比之下，比较起来byparisonwith/to与...相比makeaparisonbetweenAandB在A与B之间进行比较pareAwithB比较A与BpareAtoB把A比喻成Bparevt.比较，对比；把…比作单句语法填空

①

To

my

mind,there's

no(pare)between

the

tworestaurants.

②

In

parisontheprevious

study,the

new

studyexpanded

research

subjects.

③parison,Americans

are

often

frank

about

displayingboth

positive

and

negative

emotionsin

public.

④(pare)to

whenwe

were

at

school,children

seemto

learn

more

interesting

thingsnow.⑤__________(pare)myproblemwithothers’problems,mineseemsinsignificant.44.packvt.&vi.塞进，挤进；装（箱），收拾；打包；包装n.包，包裹；小盒，小包Thepaintingswerecarefullypackedinnewspaper.这些画被仔细地用报纸裹了起来。Thewholestoryisnothingbutapackoflies.bepackedwith...挤满，塞满apackof...一包；一帮packinto...挤进...里面packup打包；收拾行李45.contraryadj.相反的，相对立的；截然不同的Onthecontrary,itwillbeagreatpleasuretohelpyou.Contrarytopopularbelief,manycatsdislikemilk.onthecontrary与此相反becontraryto 与…相反46.helln.地狱；苦难的经历，悲惨的境况47.aboardprep.&adv.在（车、船、飞机等）上，上（车、船、飞机等）Hewasalreadyaboardtheplane.Wewentaboard.Nopatientswereonboard.abroadadv.在国外broadadj.广阔的，广泛的boardn.告示牌；董事会v.上（车、船、飞机等）；寄宿辨析填空：aboard／abroad／board／broad

③Avalley

opened

up,leading

to

a

high

flat

plateau.

④The

books

about

Harry

Potter

arevery

popular

now,

both

at

homeand.

⑤

They

said

goodbye

to

him

as

he

gotthe

train

at

the

station.

⑥

When

all

the

people

were

on,the

boat

bore

away.48.rubvt.&vi.擦，磨，搓；（使）相互摩擦49.washroomn.洗手间，厕所50.uniformn.制服；队服adj.一致的，统一的Thepoliceweardarkblueuniforms.Thewallsofthebuildingswereauniformgrey.51.violentlyadv.猛烈地，厉害地；强烈地，激烈地；凶狠地Theyareviolentlyopposedtotheidea.Childrenshouldnotbeallowedtowatchviolentmovies.violentadj.暴力的,猛烈的violencen.暴力,暴行with/byviolence用暴力52.eaglen.雕divevi.俯冲；跳水；潜水n.冲，扑，俯冲；潜水；跳水Hetriedtoescapebydivingintoariver.JohnhasbeendivingintothehistoryofancientRome.Iwanttogodiving.ThegoalkeeperdivedfortheballTheplanemakeadivetoaloweraltitude.godiving潜水diveinto跳入；钻研53.thundervi.轰隆隆地响；打雷n.雷，雷声Hewasscaredbythethunder.Thetrainthunderedthroughthesmallstation.54.freezevi.&vt.(froze,frozen)突然停止，呆住；结冰；冻僵Iwasfrozenwithterrorasthedoorslowlyopened.It'ssocoldthateventheriverhasfrozen.frozenadj.冷冻的；结冰的freezingadj.结冰的；极冷的befrozentodeath被冻死(be)frozenwithfear因害怕而呆住freezingpoint冰点单句语法填空

①

She(freeze)whenthe

beam

of

the

flashlight

struckher.

②It

was(freeze)as

wewalked

home

last

night.

③

The

earth

would

be

a(freeze)ball

if

it

were

not

for

theradiant

heat

of

the

sun.

④

As

he

spoke,

he

stopped

suddenly,frozenterror.

⑤

Water(freeze)at

0℃.55.deckn.甲板，舱面56.meanwhileadv.同时；期间；对比之下Meanwhile,mydebtsweremountingup.Pleasefindataxi,andinthemeanwhileI’llpacksomefood.57.dragvt.拖，拉；缓慢而费力地移动drag

by过得很慢；拖沓地进行

drag...out

of把..从...中拉出

drag

on拖得太久，持续太久

The

last

few

weeks

of

the

summer

really

dragged

by.

There's

no

telling

how

long

the

talks

could

drag

on.

I

managed

to

drag

myself

out

of

bed.58.chaosn.混乱，杂乱Thehousewasinchaos/inamessaftertheparty.59.navyn.海军，海军部队60.bleedvi.(bled,bled)失血，流血She'sgoingtobleedtodeath!Hisheadhadhitthesinkandwasbleeding.Thefalloffhisbicycleresultsininternalbleeding.bloodn.血，血液bleedingn.出血bleedtodeath流血而死61.hatchvt.密谋，策划；使孵出vi.孵化；孵出Allthechickshavehatchedout.Theeggsareabouttohatch.Hehasaccusedoppositionpartiesofhatchingaplottomurdertheleader.62.plotn.阴谋；故事情节vi.&vt.密谋(plotted,plotting)Hebegantotellmetheplotofhisnewbook.Theywereplottingtooverthrowthegovernment.Theyhatchedaplottomurdertheking.plot(withsb)todosth(与...)密谋做...hatchaplottodosth策划阴谋做某事单句语法填空

①

The(plot)of

hisbooks

are

basically

all

the

same.

②

They're(plot)totake

over

the

pany.63.infamyn.臭名昭著，声名狼藉；恶行，罪行infamousadj.臭名昭著的，名声狼藉的64.sinkvi.&vt.(sank,sunk)下沉，沉没；坐下；降低n.(厨房里的)洗涤池，洗碗槽Theshipsanktothebottomofthesea.She

sankback

intoherseat,exhausted.

Payincreaseshavesunktoaroundsevenpercent.Don’tjustleaveyourdirtyplatesinthesink!thesinkingsun夕阳65.memorialn.纪念碑（或像等）；纪念物BuildingamemorialtoColumbushasbeenhislifelongdream.Amemorialserviceisbeingheldinthesquare.memorizevt.记忆；记住，背熟memoryn.记忆力；回忆66.prayvi.&vt.企盼，祈求；祈祷，祷告We’reprayingforgoodweathertomorrow.Thesepeoplepraytomanygods.prayern.祈祷，祷告；恳求；祈祷文pray(tosb)forsb/sth祈祷；恳求pr