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[模拟]职称英语卫生类A级模拟62

词汇选项下面共有15个句子,每个句子中均有1个词或短语带有

括号或下划线,请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与括号

里边部分意义最相近的词或短语。

第1题:

AlthoughPeterisonly25yearsold,heearnsa<u>large</u>income.

A.respectful

B.respectable

C.respective

D.respected

参考答案:B

此处的large和respectable意思相同"相当大的、可观的";respectful:敬

意的、尊重的;respective:各自的、分别的;respected:受尊敬的。

第2题:

Chinahasmaderemarkable<u>achievements</u>initsreformand

opening-upprogram.

A.improvements

B.entertainments

C.accomplishments

D.appointments

参考答案:C

achievement和accomplishment都表示“成就、完成";improvement:改进、

改善;entertainment:娱乐、消遣;appointment:任命、职位、约会。

第3题:

I<u>caught</u>sightofherinthecrowd.

A.saw

B.glanced

C.stared

D.skimmed

参考答案:A

catchsightof和see都表示“看见";glance:看一下、一瞥;stare:凝视、

盯着看;skim:浏览(以了解中心意思)。

1

第4题:

Edwards<u>admitted</u>tobeingaspyfortheKGBin1980s.

A.recognized

B.proved

C.confessed

D.testified

参考答案:C

admit和confess同义:承认、坦白;recognize:认出、认可;prove:证明、

证实;testify:作证、证明。

第5题:

Doyoufancygoingtothe<u>publichouse</u>?

A.toilet

B.theatre

C.departmentstore

D.pub

参考答案:D

toilet:卫生间、洗手间;theater:戏院;departmentstore:百货公司;pub

是publichouse的口语说法,指供应酒水和食物的地方,即“酒吧”。

第6题:

Shewasdressedina<u>plain</u>brownblouse.

A.common

B.simple

C.dull

D.pretty

参考答案:B

此句的plain和simple都表示“朴素的、简单的";common:普通的、常见的;

dull:(颜色)灰暗的、不鲜明的;pretty:迷人的、可爱的。

第7题:

TheWhiteHouse,<u>situated</u>inWashingtonD.C.,iswell-knownasthe

officialhomeofthepresidentoftheUS.

A.located

B.placed

C.built

D.stablished

2

参考答案:A

situate和locate同义:位于、在;placed:放置、安置;build:修建、建造;

establish:建立、成立。

第8题:

Tom<u>searched</u>hispocketslookingforthekeys.

A.wenton

B.wasafter

C.wentthrough

D.clearedup

参考答案:C

此句的search:搜寻,和gothrough(仔细检查)意思相同;goon:继续;beafter:

寻找;clearup:整理、收拾。

第9题:

Heavypressureatworkmay<u>account</u>forhisstrangebehavior.

A.calculate

B.tell

C.suggest

D.explain

参考答案:D

accountfor和explain者B表示“解释、说明“;calculate:计算、推算;tell:

告诉;suggest:建议、暗示。

第10题:

Allthecarsaretestedfor<u>defects</u>beforeleavingthefactory

A.functions

B.faults

C.motions

D.parts

参考答案:B

defect和fault同义:缺陷;function:功能;motion:意向、示意;part:

部分。

第11题:

Itwasdifficultto<u>set</u>adatewhichwasconvenientforeveryone.

A.decide

3

B.arrange

C.provide

D.choose

参考答案:B

此句中的set和arrange同义:安排、商定;decide:决定;provide:供应、

供给;choose:选择。

第12题:

ThePeople'sRepublicofChinawas<u>established</u>in1949.

A.founded

B.started

C.improved

D.built

参考答案:A

establish和found都表示“建立、成立";start:开始、发动;improve:提

高、改进;build:建造、修建。

第13题:

Ihaveheardthis<u>tune</u>before,butIdon'tknowthewordstothe

song.

A.theme

B.rhyme

C.melody

D.lyric

参考答案:C

tune和melody都表示“旋律";theme:主题、(音)主旋律;rhyme:韵脚、韵

律;lyric:歌词。

第14题:

Manyscientistshavebeen<u>probing</u>psychologicalproblems.

A.solving

B.exploring

C.settling

D.handling

参考答案:B

probe和explore同义:探索。solve:解决、解答;settle:安顿、解决;handle:

4

处理。

第15题:

KnowingthatIhadbeenoutofworknow,theywere<u>unwiHing</u>to

lendmemoney.

A.unhappy

B.ready

C.prepared

D.reluctant

参考答案:D

unwilling和reluctant都表示“勉强的、不愿意的";unhappy:不快乐的;

ready:准备完毕的、甘心情愿的;prepared:准备好的、愿意的。

阅读判断阅读下面这篇短文,短文后列出了7个句子,请根据

短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选

择A项;如果该句提供的错误信息,请选择B项:如果该句的信息文

章中没有提及,请选择C项。

IrishDolphinsmayHaveaUniqueDialect

Irishscientistsmonitoringdolphinslivinginariverestuary

inthesouthwestofthecountrybelievetheymayhavedevelopedaunique

dialecttocommunicatewitheachother.

TheShannonDolphinandWildlifeFoundation(SDWF)hasbeen

studyingagroupofupto120bottle-nosedolphinsintheRiverShannon

usingvocalizationscollectedonacomputerinacowshedneartheRiver

Shannon.

Aspartofaresearchproject,studentRonanHickeydigitizedand

analyzedatotalof1,882whistlesfromtheIrishdolphinsandthosefrom

theWelshdolphinsonacomputerandseparatedthemintosixfundamental

whistletypesand32differentcategories.Ofthecategories,hefound

mostwereusedbybothsetsofdolphinsbuteightwereonlyheardfrom

theIrishdolphins.

z,Wearebuildingupacatalogueofthedifferentwhistletypes

theyuseandtryingtoassociatethemwithbehaviorlikeforaging,resting,

socializingandthecommunicationsofgroupswithcalves,〃projectleader

SimonBerrowsaid."Essentiallywearebuildingupwhatislikea

dictionaryofwordstheyuseorsoundstheymake.〃

Berrow,amarinebiologist,saidthedolphins'clicksareused

tofindtheirwayaroundandlocateprey.Thewhistlesarecommunications.

“Theydoawholerangeofothersoundslikebarks,groansandakindof

gunshot,,zhesaid."Thegunshotisanintensepulseofsound.Spermwhales

useittostuntheirprey.〃

5

“WhenIfirsthearditIwassurprisedasIthoughtspermwhales

weretheonlyspecieswhousedit.Wecanspeculatethedolphinsareusing

itforthesamereasonasthespermwhales,,/Berrowsaid.

Referencesinlocallegendindicatetherehavebeendolphinsin

theShannonestuaryforgenerationsandtheymayevenhavebeenresident

thereasfarbackasthe6thcentury.

TheyareregularlyseenbypassengersontheShannonferryand

anestimated25,000touristseveryyeartakespecialsightseeingtours

onlocalboatstovisitthem.

第16题:

Thedifferenceineatinghabitsbetweenthebottle-nosedolphinsandthe

spermwhalesinterestedtheSDWFscientists.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案:C

利用问题句中的细节信息词bottle-nosedolphins,spermwhales,eating

habits和特征词SDWF(香农海豚与野生动物基金会)scientists共同作为答案

线索,在文章中查找答案相关句。与问题句可能相关的语句中都没有涉及问题句

的内容,因此判断问题句的内容在文章中没有被提到。

第17题:

RonanHickeyanalyzedalmost2000differentdialectsofthebottle-nose

dolphins.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案:B

利用问题句中的特征词RonanHickey(人名)和2000different(不同

的)dialects,及细节信息词bottle-nosedolphins共同作为答案线索。第三段

第一句说:RonanHickey分析了爱尔兰海豚和威尔士海豚(不仅仅宽吻海豚)发

出的近2000种不同的啸声(不是方言)。所以本题选项B是答案。

第18题:

Ofthe32categories,eightwereproducedonlybytheIrishdolphins.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案:A

6

利用问题句中的特征词categories,eight,Irish(爱尔兰的)dolphins共同作

为答案线索。答案相关句与问题句的句意一致:32种啸声中有8种是爱尔兰海

豚独有的,所以答案是A。

第19题:

Whistlescouldalsobeusedtocommunicatebetweenadultdolphinsandbaby

dolphins,

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案:A

短文第四段第一句说科学家正在设法将啸声与海豚的行为特性联系起来,由此可

推断出这也包括成年海豚与小海豚之间的联络这种行为。题句的意思与原句的意

思相符,所以答案是A。

第20题:

Spermwhalescanproducestrongerultrasonicwavestokilltheirpreythan

dolphins.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案:C

本题所说的意思是鲸鱼能发出比海豚更强烈的超声波去杀死猎物。题句表达的内

容短文中找不到,故答案为C。

第21题:

Asearlyasthe6thcentury,Irishfishermenstartedraisingdolphinsin

theShannonestuary.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案:B

短文第五段说的是,早在公元6世纪海豚就在香农河河口繁衍生息,而没有说早

在公元6世纪渔民开始在香农河河口养殖海豚。题句的意思与文章的意思不符,

所以答案是B。

第22题:

7

Irishdolphinsattracttouristsandover25,000peoplecometoseethem

everyyear.

A.Right

B.Wrong

C.Notmentioned

参考答案:A

问题句表达的意思与最后一段的意思相符。原文说大约每年有25000名游客专程

到此乘坐当地的小船观看海豚,所以答案是A。

概括大意与完成句子阅读下面这篇短文,短文后有2项测试任

务:(1)1〜4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2〜5段每段选择1个

正确的小标题;(2)第5〜8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确

的选项,分别完成每个句子。

Femaleleadersfaceuptocrisis

1Duringtherecession(经济衰退),GermanChancellorAngela

Merkel,55,announceda50-billion-eurostimuluspackage(经济刺激计戈lj)

forhercountryearlierthisyear,sayingitwouldboostgrowthandprotect

jobsinEurope'sbiggesteconomy.Thepackageincludes17-18billioneuros

ininvestmentinroadsandschoolsand9billioneurosintaxcutsfor

companiesandindividuals.Criticssiarmmed(猛烈抨击)themeasureastoo

little,toolatetohaulGermanyoutofarecession.

2Attheendoflastyear,USPresident-electObamapickedMary

Schapiro,53,aregulatorhesaidwas"bothsmartandtough,/ztoheadthe

SecuritiesandExchangeCommission(证券交易委员会).Soonaftertaking

thepost,shemergedtheregulatoryoperationsoftheNationalAssociation

ofSecuritiesDealersandtheNewYorkStockExchangetoreducecostly

duplications.

3Onthefirstdayoflastmonth,JohannaSigurdardottir,66,was

sworninasthefirstfemalepremierofIceland.Herfirstactwastorework

thecabinet,shrinkingitfrom12to10seats."Alltheministersinmy

cabinetmustworkfast,takefirmactionandacceptresponsibilityfor

theiractions,Sigurdardottirsaid,accordingtotheNewYorkTimes.

4ArgentinePresidentCristinaFernandez,56,isconsidereda

toughfemalepolitician.Toboosttheeconomyduringtheinternational

financialcrisis,sheannouncedaninvestmentplanattheendoflastyear

worth71billionArgentinepesos(135billionyuan).Theinvestmentis

mainlyintendedfortheconstructionindustry,schoolsandhouses.

23-26的选项

A.TheMinistersintheCabinet

B.GermanChancellor

C.TheFirstFemalePremierofIceland

8

D.ArgentinePresident

E.USPresident

F.HeadtheSecuritiesandExchangeCommission

27-30的选项

A.mergingtheregulatoryoperationsofNASDandNYSE

B.fortheconstructionindustry,schoolsandhouses

C.toshrinkthecabinet

D.astoolittle,toolatetohelpGermanyoutofarecession

E.asatoughfemaleleader

F.reducingcostlyduplications

第23题:

Paragraph1

参考答案:

B

详细解答:

第1段第1句提到GermanChancellor,选项B与此完全吻合,所以B为正

确答案。本段主要叙述德国总理AngelaMerkel采取的经济刺激计划来缓解经济

危机。

第24题:

Paragraph2

参考答案:

F

详细解答:

第2段第1句提到/USPresident—Obama,同样也提到了:headthe

SecuritiesandExchangeCommissiono选项E和F都在第2段提到,此题的难

度稍大,可以通过两个方法来判断选E还是F。首先从标题判断,标题是Female

leaders(女性领导人),说明文章都是围绕女性领导人叙述的,那么段落大意不

可能以男性领导人奥巴马为叙述中心,所以排除E选项,选F。也可以根据原句

意思。原文提到USPresidentObama只是为了引出后面的主角MarySchapiro,

后者才是第2段真正的核心人物。原句意思是:美国总统奥巴马选MarySchapiro

来领导美国证券交易委员会。第2句也叙述She(MarySchapiro)采取的措施,

所以正确答案为F。

第25题:

Paragraph3_____

参考答案:

C

9

详细解答:

本段第1句提到人名JohannaSigurdardottir,选项中没有出现这个人名,

但C选项的Iceland在第1句提到,本段就在叙述冰岛总理的措施,所以正确答

案为C(冰岛的第一位女性总理)。A(theministersinthecabinet)虽然出现

在第3段中,但其人称形式是复数,是25题的干扰项,但干扰性不大。干扰项

可能与文章主题不直接相关,也可能是文章中直接引用下来的一些细节,但不能

用来作为段落大意。

第26题:

Paragraph4

参考答案:

D

详细解答:

本段第1句明显的提到了选项D(阿根廷总统),并且到第4段本文的整体叙

述方式已经完全明了,每段列举一名女性领导人采取相关措施来缓解经济危机。

那么本段正确答案就是D。

第27题:

CriticsregardedAngelaMerkeTsmeasur.

参考答案:

D

详细解答:

本题涉及了regardedsth.as...,与27题题干语法结构相符的选项有D和

E两项,均符合regardedsb./sth.as…,把某人/某物看作的结构,但从

题干内容上看,27题说的是评论家对AngelaMerkel'smeasure即她所采取的

措施的看法,而E选项明显是对一个人的评价,故答案为D。

第28题:

WhatMarySchapirodidaftertakingpostaimsat.

参考答案:

F

详细解答:

本题涉及了aimatdoingsth.,28题也有两个选项A和F符合其语法结

构aimatdoingsth.,做某事旨在…目的是…于是需要进一步分析题干What

MarySchapirodidaftertakingpostaimsat…,可理解为MarvSchapiro

任职后所做的工作的艮的是……此题的线索在第2段Soonaftertakingthe

post,shemerged(融合)theregulatoryoperationsoftheNational

io

AssociationOfSecuritiesDealersandtheNewYorkStockExchangeto

reducecostlyduplications.可理解为在她任职后不久,她就将NASD和NYSE

合并了以减少耗费颇大的重复工作。选项Amergingtheregulatoryoperations

ofNASDandNYSE其实正是MarySchapiro任职后所做的工作,而选项F才是

她行为的目的,故答案为F。

第29题:

JohannaSigurdardottir,sfirstactwas.

参考答案:

C

详细解答:

本题涉及了…wastodosth.把握住谓语动词was,可得出句子完成后会是

主系表结构,而充当表语的可以是名词,如果有动作充当表语,那一定是此动词

的现在分词或者是不定式的形式,于是从语法上看A和C可能为正确答案。而A

选项我们在第28题中已经分析过,故正确答案为Co

第30题:

TheinvestmentplanannouncedbyCristinaFernandezintended.

参考答案:

B

详细解答:

intendedforsth.可以直接根据语法知识得出答案。在学习单词的时候不

仅要注意其拼写、发音、词性,还要学习它的常见用法及固定搭配,尤其是对于

动词,掌握了这些才能算真正掌握这个单词:intended打算,常见用法intended

todosth.或intendforsth.

阅读理解下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题,每道题后面有4

个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文内容回答其后面的问题,从4

个选项中选择1最佳答案。

DoPatientsTrustDoctorsTooMuch

Earlierthisyear,theAmericanCollegeofSurgeons,thenational

scientificandeducationalorganizationofsurgeonsconducteda

nationwidesurveythatfoundthattheaveragepatientdevotesanhouror

lesstoresearchinghisorhersurgeryorsurgeon.Whileprospective

patientsworryaboutthecostsorcomplicationsofanoperation,theydon

'tnecessarilylookforinformationthatwouldaddresstheirconcerns.

Infact,morethanathirdofpatientswhohadanoperationin

thelastfiveyearsneverreviewedthecredentialsofthesurgeonwho

operated.Patientsaremorelikelytospendtimeresearchingajobchange

(onaverage,about10hours)oranewcar(8hours)thantheoperation

11

theyareabouttosubmittoorthesurgeonwhowields(支酉己)theknife.

Andmanypatientsaresatisfiedwiththeanswerstheyreceivefromtheir

surgeonsorprimarycaredoctors,whoeverthoseindividualshappentobe.

Ifeltcuriousaboutthesurvey,soIcalledDr.ThomasRussell,

executivedirectoroftheAmericanCollegeofSurgeons."Thereisa

tendencyforpatientsnottogetparticularlyinvolvedandnottofeel

compelledtolookintotheirsurgeryorsurgeons.hetoldme.

Thereareconsequencestothatkindofblindtrust."Today,

medicineandsurgeryarereallyteamsports.z/Dr.Russellcontinued,“and

thepatient,astheultimatedecisionmaker,isthemostimportantmember

oftheteam.Mistakescanhappen,andpatientshavetobeeducatedand

mustunderstandwhatisgoingon.〃

Inotherwords,ahealthydoctor-patientrelationshipdoesnot

simplyentailgoodbedsidemannersandresponsibleofficemanagementon

thepartofthedoctor.Italsorequiresthatpatientscometothe

relationshipeducatedabouttheirdoctors,theirillnessesandtheir

treatment.

〃Ifwearetrulygoingtoreformthehealthcaresysteminthe

US,〃Dr.Russellsaid,"'everybodyhastoparticipateactivelyandmust

educatethemselves.Thatmeansdoctors,nurses,otherhealthcare

professionals,lawyerspharmaceuticalcompanies,andinsurancecompanies.

Butmostofall,itmeansthepatient.,z

Trustisimportant.ButasSirFrancisBacon,whowasamongthe

firsttounderstandtheimportanceofgatheringdatainscience,once

observed,knowledgeispower.

第31题:

Accordingtotheauthor,patientsshouldspendmoretime.

A.researchingtheAmericanCollegeofSurgeons

B.researchingtheirsurgeryorsurgeons

C.researchingnewcars

D.researchingjobchanges

参考答案:B

从第一段和第二段的表述中我们知道,有三分之一的患者不愿花时间对手术和做

手术的医生进行调查,这比他们在换一份新工作或一辆新车上花的时间还要少。

第32题:

Nowadayspatientsseemtohave.

A.toomuchtrustintheirdoctors

B.toomuchinformationabouttheirdoctors

C.toolittlefaithintheirdoctors

D.ahealthyrelationshipwiththeirdoctors

12

参考答案:A

从第四段我们知道,患者对医生有一种盲目的信任。

第33题:

Medicineandsurgeryarenowreallyteamsportsinwhich.

A.patientsanddoctorsplayequallyimportantroles

B.thepatientdoesnothaveanactiveroletoplay

C.doctorshavethefinalsayinalmosteverything

D.thepatienthasthemostimportantroletoplay

参考答案:D

从第四段我们知道,在治疗的团队里,患者是最重要的成员。

第34题:

Itiswrongtothinkthatahealthydoctor-patientrelationship.

A.isdependentjustonthedoctor

B.isagoalthatcanbeachieved

C.entailsanyeffortonthepartofthepatient

D.iswhatthepatienttrulydesires

参考答案:A

文章通篇在讨论的是患者对医生及手术缺乏了解,及健康的医患关系应当包含患

者的参与。因此A项提到的健康的医患关系只依赖医生是错误的,因此选A。

第35题:

TheauthordoesNOTbelievein.

A.lotsofscientificdata

B.FrancisBacon

C.blindtrust

D.toomuchknowledge

参考答案:C

最后一段,作者提到培根是为了验证知识很重要的观点,因此他肯定是相信培根

及培根的观点的,唯独不相信的是盲目的信任,因此选C。

CTScansandLungCancer

Smallorslow-growingnodules(小结节)discoveredonalungscan

areunlikelytodevelopintotumorsoverthenexttwoyears,researchers

reportedonWednesday.

ThefindingsreportedintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,

13

couldhelpdoctorsdecidewhentodomoreaggressivetestingforlung

cancer.Theycouldalsohelppatientsavoidunnecessarilyaggressiveand

potentiallyharmfultestingwhenlesions(损伤)found.

Lungcancer,thebiggestcancerkillerintheUnitedStatesand

globally,isoftennotdiagnoseduntilithasspread.Itkills159,000

peopleayearintheUnitedStatesalone.

Theworkispartofalargerefforttodevelopguidelinestohelp

doctorsdecidewhattodowhensuchgrowths,oftendiscoveredbyaccident,

appearinascan.

High-techX-rayscalledCTscanscandetecttumors-buttheysee

allsortsofotherblobs(模糊的一团)thatarenottumors,andoftenthe

onlywaytotellthedifferenceistotakeabiopsy(活检),adangerous

procedure.

Atthemoment,routinelungcancerscreeningisconsidered

impracticalbecauseofitshighcostandbecausetoomanyhealthypeople

arecalledbackforfurthertesting.

Goodguidelinecouldhelpmakelungcancerscreeningpractical,

Dr.RobvanKiaverenoftheErasmusMedicalCenterinRotterdam,the

Netherlands,wholedthenewstudy,saidinatelephoneinterview.

Theteamlookedat7,557peopleathighriskforlungcancer

becausetheywerecurrentandformersmokers.Allreceivedmultidetector

(多层螺旋)CTscansthatmeasuredthesizeofanysuspicious-looking

modules.

Volunteerswhohadnodulesover9.7mminwidth,orhadgrowth

of4.6mmthatgrewfastenoughtomorethandoubleinvolumeevery400

days,weresentforfurthertesting.Ofthe196peoplewhofellintothat

category,70werefoundtohavelungcancer,10additionalcaseswerefound

yearslater.

Butofthe7,361whotestednegativeduringscreeningonly20

lungcancercaseslaterdeveloped.

Inasecondroundofscreeningdoneoneyearafterthefirst,1.8

percentweresenttothedoctorbecausetheyhadanodulethatwaslarge

orfast-growing.Morethanhalfturnedouttohavelungcancer.

Theresultmeansthatifthescreeningtestsaysyoudon'thave

lungcancer,youprobablydon't,theresearchersaid."Thechancesof

findinglungcanceroneandtwoyearsafteranegativefirst-roundtest

were1in1,000and3in1,000respectively,“theyconcluded.

第36题:

Thenewstudyindicatesthatincaseofsmallorslow-growinglung

nodules.

A.youcannotbetoocareful

B.cancerisjustmatteroftime

C.abiopsyisunnecessary

D.moreaggressivetestingisamust

14

参考答案:C

根据第一段的叙述我们知道肺部扫描发现的小的生长缓慢的结节在其后的两年

里不会发展成肿瘤。因此活检或是进一步的检查是不需要的。

第37题:

WhichisprobablyNOTtrueoflungcancer?

A.Smokersareusuallyconsideredtobeathighriskforit.

B.Itistheleadingcauseofcancerdeathsaroundtheworld.

C.159,000newcasesofitarediagnosedintheUSeachyear.

D.Itoftengoesunnoticeduntilithasspread.

参考答案:C

选项A、B、D在文中第三和第八段中都提到过,而选项C所讲的159,000人被

确诊肺癌不符合第二段中提到的159,000人死于肺癌的事实。

第38题:

Accordingtothepassage,goodguidelinesforlungcancer

screening.

A.arealittlebittoocostly

B.donotexistyet

C.arebeingimplemented

D.havebeendeveloped

参考答案:D

根据文章第四段我们知道专家们正在发展完善对医生的指导方针。

第39题:

AllthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT.

A.arelativelysmallnumberofthevolunteershadlargeor

fast-growingnodules

B.almostallthosewithlargeorfast-growingnoduleswerefoundto

havelungcancer

C.allthevolunteerswereathighriskforlungcancer

D.mostofthevolunteerstestednegativeduringscreening

参考答案:B

根据文章第十一段我们知道A项正确、B项错误;由第八段知道C项正确;由第

十段知道D项正确。

15

第40题:

Intheeyesoftheresearchersthepercentagesgiveninthelastparagraph

A.aresomewhatinaccurate

B.areprettysmall

C.areratherhigh

D.arequiteunbelievable

参考答案:B

根据最后一段,我们知道这个患病比率在专家那里是忽略不计的,如果检查表明

你没有患肺癌,你就可能不会得。

EatHealthy

“Cleanyourplate!"and"Beamemberoftheclean-plateclub!”

JustabouteverykidintheUShasheardthisfromaparentorgrandparent.

Often,it'saccompaniedbyanappeal:"Justthinkaboutthosestarving

orphansinAfrica!”Sure,weshouldbegratefulforeverybiteoffood.

Unfortunately,manypeopleintheUStaketoomanybites.Insteadof

staying"cleantheplate”,perhapsweshouldsavesomefoodfortomorrow.

Accordingtonewsreports,USrestaurantsarepartly,toblame

forthegrowingbellies.Awaiterputsaplateoffoodinfrontofeach

customer,withtwotofourtimestheamountrecommendedbythegovernment,

accordingtoaUSATodaystory.Americanstraditionallyassociate

quantitywithvalueandmostrestaurantstrytogivethemthat.Theyprefer

tohavecustomerscomplainabouttoomuchfoodratherthantoolittle.

BarbaraRolls,anutritionprofessoratPennsylvaniaState

University,toldUSATodaythatrestaurantportionsizesbegantogrow

inthe1970s,thesametimethattheAmericanwaistlinebegantoexpand.

Healthexpertshavetriedtogetmanyrestaurantstoservesmaller

portions.Now,apparently,somecustomersarecallingforthistoo.The

restaurantindustrytrademagazineQSRreportedlastmonththat57percent

ofmorethan4,000peoplesurveyedbelieverestaurantsserveportionsthat

aretoolarge;23percenthadnoopinion;20percentdisagreed.Buta

closerlookatthesurveyindicatesthatmanyAmericanswhocan'tafford

finediningstillpreferlargeportions.Seventypercentofthoseearning

atleast$150,000peryearprefersmallerportions;butonly45percent

ofthoseearninglessthan$25,000wantsmaller.

It'snotthatworkingclassAmericansdon'twanttoeathealthy.

It'sjustthat,afterlonghoursatlow-payingjobs,gettinglessontheir

platehardlyseemslikeagooddeal.Theylivefrompaychecktopaycheck,

happytosavealittlemoneyfornextyear'sChristmaspresents.

第41题:

ParentsintheUnitedStatestendtoasktheirchildren.

16

A.tosavefood.

B.towashthedishes.

C.nottowastefood.

D.nottoeattoomuch.

参考答案:C

文章开头说到,每个美国孩子都能从父母或爷爷奶奶那里听到这样的话,“吃光

你盘子里的东西”,“做清盘俱乐部的成员”。这些话表达的意思就是不要浪费

粮食,因此C是正确的答案。

第42题:

WhydoAmericanrestaurantsservelargeportions?

A.BecauseAmericansassociatequantitywithvalue

B.BecauseAmericanshavebigbellies.

C.BecauseAmericansaregoodeaters,

D.BecauseAmericansaregreedy.

参考答案:A

第二段相关的话是这么说的:美国人在传统上把东西值不值是跟数量联系在

一起,因此大多数的饭馆给的量大。这些饭馆乐于让顾客们抱怨饭菜给的太多而

不乐于让他们抱怨饭菜给得太少,所以A是正确的答案。

第43题:

Whathappenedinthe1970s?

A.TheUSgovernmentrecommendedtheamountoffoodarestaurantgave

toacustomer.

B.Healthexpertspersuadedrestaurantstoservesmallerportions.

C.TheUnitedStatesproducedmoregrainthanneeded.

D.TheAmericanwaistlinestartedtoexpand.

参考答案:D

文章第三段是这样说的:一位宾州大学营养教授,BarbaraRolls,告诉《今

日美国》二十世纪七十年代饭馆给的饭菜的量开始增加,与此同时,美国人的腰

围开始也增大,所以D是对的。

第44题:

Whatdoesthesurveyindicate?

A.ManypoorAmericanswantlargeportions.

B.TwentypercentAmericanswantsmallerportions.

C.FiftysevenpercentAmericansearn$150,000peryear.

D.TwentythreepercentAmericansearnlessthan$25,000peryear.

17

参考答案:A

选项B、C和D多说的数字不对。因此唯有A是正确的。A说的是:许多美国穷

人希望量大。这个信息可以在第四段中找到。相关的句子是这么说的:许多吃不

起精美正餐的美国人仍然要量大。

第45题:

WhichofthefollowingisNottrueofworkingclassAmericans?

A.Theyworklonghours.

B.Theylivefrompaychecktopaycheck.

C.Theydon'twanttobehealthyeaters.

D.Theywanttosavemoneyfortheirchildren.

参考答案:C

说的是:他们不想做吃得健康的人。这个说法是不对的。最后一段的第一句话是

这么说的:美国

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