河南开封各县市重点高中2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

绝密★启用前2023-2024学年河南开封各县市重点高中高二下学期期末考试英语试卷考试时间：120分钟注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷(选择题)一、阅读理解：本大题共16小题，共38分。AAMidsummerNight’sDreammaybeoneofShakespeare’smostperformedplay—butitslatestversionfromtheRoyalShakespeareCompanywillbeunlikeanyseenbefore.TitledDream,the50-minuteonlineproductioncombinesliveperformancewithmotion-capture(动作捕捉)technology,3Dgraphics,andinteractivegamingtechniquesthatletaudiencesremotelyguidetheleadingcharacterPuckthroughavirtualforest.Aslivetheaterputsomeseriouslyhigh-techfairy(小精灵)factorsintopractice,Dreampromisestobringtherarestversionoftheplaytoourscreens.In2016,thetheater’sproductionofTheTempestusedlivemotion-capturetechnologytocreatea3Ddigitalimagethatwasprojectedabovethestage.Thedifferencethistimeisthateverythingintheplay—theperformersandtheirsurroundings—willbeshownvirtually.Sevenactorswillperforminaspecially-builtstudioinPortsmouth,southernEngland,wearingmotion-capturesuits.Theywillbesurroundedbya360-degreecameraset,madeupof47cameraswitheverymovementalmostimmediatelypresenteddigitally,whichispresentedtoviewersonline.Withitsmuch-reducedcharacters,DreamisnotacompleteproductionofAMidsummerNight’sDream;rather,itisastoryinspiredbyit,focusingonPuckandthefairies.Upto2,000audiencemembersforeachperformancecanbecomepartoftheshowandwillbeinvitedtoguidePuckthroughtheforest.Onscreen,thechosenaudiencewillappearasacloudoftinyfireflies(萤火虫).Byusingtheirmouseorfingeronthescreenofasmartdevice,theywillbeabletomovetheirfireflyacrossthescreen,andPuckwillbeattheirbeckandcalltogothroughthevirtualspace.Forviewerswatchingathome,thevirtualfairiesmovingthroughadigitalforestwilllookmorelikeavideogamethantheaverageRoyalShakespeareCompanyshow.Buttheperformancesaredeliveredliveandinrealtime.Everynight’sperformancewillbeunique.“Withoutthefireflies—theaudiences—Puckwouldn’tbegoinganywhere,”saidE.M.Williamswhoplaystherole.“Theaudiencesareverymuchthefuelandtheenergyoftheshow.”1.WhatmakesDreamdifferentfromTheTempest?A.Thenumberofactorsandactresses. B.Thesurroundingsaroundtheperformers.C.The3Ddigitalimageitchoosestoshow. D.Thewayitpresentseverythingintheplay.2WhichaspectoftheplaydoesParagraph3focuson?A.Itsleadingcharacters. B.Thedesignofitscontent.C.Itsproductionprocess. D.Theinspirationfortheplay.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“beattheirbeckandcall”inthelastbutoneparagraphmean?A.Bewillingtoguidethem. B.Belikelytoreceiveacall.C.Bedifficulttocontrol. D.Bereadytofollowtheirorder.4.WhatdoE.M.Williams’wordsinthelastparagraphshow?A.Thecostoftheshow. B.Thepleasureoftheaudiences.C.Theimportanceoftheaudiences. D.Thetaskoftheleadingcharacter.【答案】1.D2.C3.D4.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了皇家莎士比亚剧团利用虚拟体验技术使观众参与剧中，给观众带来全新的体验。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thedifferencethistimeisthateverythingintheplay—theperformersandtheirsurroundings—willbeshownvirtually.(这次的不同之处在于，剧中的一切——演员和他们周围的环境——都将以虚拟的方式呈现)”可知，对于剧中的人物和环境的呈现方式使得Dream区别于TheTempest。故选D。【2题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Sevenactorswillperforminaspecially-builtstudioinPortsmouth,southernEngland,wearingmotion-capturesuits.Theywillbesurroundedbya360-degreecameraset,madeupof47cameraswitheverymovementalmostimmediatelypresenteddigitally,whichispresentedtoviewersonline.Withitsmuch-reducedcharacters,DreamisnotacompleteproductionofAMidsummerNight’sDream;rather,itisastoryinspiredbyit,focusingonPuckandthefairies.(七名演员将穿着动作捕捉服，在英格兰南部朴茨茅斯的一个专门建造的摄影棚里表演。他们将被一个由47台摄像机组成的360度摄像机包围，每一个动作都几乎立即以数字方式呈现，并在线呈现给观众。《仲夏夜之梦》的角色被大大删减，因此《梦》并不是一部完整的作品；相反，它是一个受其启发的故事，主要讲述帕克和仙女们的故事)”可知，该段主要侧重讲述这部剧的制作过程。故选C。【3题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线短语前的“Upto2,000audiencemembersforeachperformancecanbecomepartoftheshowandwillbeinvitedtoguidePuckthroughtheforest(每场演出最多有2000名观众可以成为演出的一部分，并将被邀请引导Puck穿过森林)”以及画线短语后的“togothroughthevirtualspace”可知，观众通过使用鼠标或手指在智能设备的屏幕上移动萤火虫，而Puck会随时待命，即跟随它们的指引，通过虚拟空间。故划线词意思是“准备好服从他们的命令”。故选D。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Withoutthefireflies—theaudiences—Puckwouldn’tbegoinganywhere,”saidE.M.Williamswhoplaystherole.“Theaudiencesareverymuchthefuelandtheenergyoftheshow.”(“没有萤火虫——没有观众——Puck哪儿也去不了，”扮演Puck的E.M.威廉姆斯说。“观众是这部剧的燃料和能量。”)”可知，没有观众所扮演的萤火虫的指引，这部剧的主角Puck哪儿也去不了。观众就是这部剧的“燃料”和“能量”。由此推知，E.M.Williams强调了观众的重要性。故选C。BIthadalwaysbeenassumedthattherarityoflightninginoceanstormswasduetocleanerairoverthevastseasbutkeenobservationshaveshownthatevenhighlypollutedairisassociatedwithreducedlightningatseawhenseasprayaerosols(气溶胶)areabundant.IntheirpaperpublishedinthejournalNatureCommunications,aninternationalteamofresearchersdescribestheirmulti-yearstudyofatmosphericconditionsovertheoceansborderingAfricaandwhatitshowedaboutsaltinseasprayaerosolsanditsimpactonlightning.TheresearchersobtainedatmosphericdataonAfricaandtheoceansarounditfortheperiod2013to2017.Thedataincludednumbersoflightningflashes,rainfall,temperaturesandcloudrepresentations.Theylookedfordifferencesinatmosphericconditionsinstormsthatoccurredoverlandversusthosethatoccurredovertheseaandfoundonemaindifference:theamountofsaltintheair.Lightningisproducedwhenupwardlymovingairincloudsformsicecrystals(冰晶)—aerosolparticlesthenbegintobumpintooneanother,creatinganelectricalcharge.Lightninghappenswhentheelectricalfieldinonepartofthecloudbecomespositivelycharged(usuallyatthetopofthecloud)andanothernegativelycharged(usuallyatthebottomofthecloud).Andcloudsform,ofcourse,whenvaporevaporates(蒸发)fromthesurfaceoftheEarthandthewaterdropsbondwithaerosols.Theresearchersfoundthatthingsareslightlydifferentovertheocean.Whenwaterevaporatesfromthesea,itbearsaloadofsalt.Whenthesaltwaterbondswithaerosolstoformwaterdroplets,theytendtobebiggerandheavierthanthosethatformoverlandduetothesalt—andthatresultsinmoreofthewaterinthecloudsfallingasrainbeforeitcanriseupandformicecrystals.Theresultisfarfewerlightningdischarges.Theresearcherssuggesttheirfindingscouldbeusefulinimprovingtheaccuracyofbothclimatemodelsandmeteorologicalreports.Itcouldalsopossiblyleadsometoattempttoseedstormcloudswithsalttoreducetheirseverity.5.Whatisthecommonbeliefoflightningoveroceans?A.Lightningpollutestheremotesea. B.Pollutedairleadstolesslightningatsea.C.Cleanerairresultsinlesslightningatsea. D.Cleaneraircontributestomorelightningatsea.6.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopparagraph3?A.Bypresentingfacts. B.Bylistingsimilarities.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bymakingcomparisons.7.Howdowaterdropletsonlanddifferfromthoseatsea?A.Theydropmuchfaster. B.Theycontainmorewater.C.Theyarebiggerandheavier. D.Theyaresmallerandlighter.8.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SaltinSeaSprayWorsensStormsovertheSeaB.SaltinSeaSprayKeepsLightningStrikesAwayC.LightningStrikesAreMoreCommonoverOceansD.SeaSprayIsFoundEvaporatingFasteroverOceans【答案】5.C6.A7.D8.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现海雾中的盐可以防止雷击，解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的意义。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Ithadalwaysbeenassumedthattherarityoflightninginoceanstormswasduetocleanerairoverthevastseas,butkeenobservationshaveshownthatevenhighlypollutedairisassociatedwithreducedlightningatseawhenseasprayaerosols(气溶胶)areabundant.(人们一直认为，海洋风暴中闪电的罕见是由于广阔的海洋上的空气更清洁，但敏锐的观察表明，即使是高度污染的空气，当海洋喷雾气溶胶丰富时，海上闪电也会减少)”可知，人们普遍认为清洁的空气减少了海上的闪电。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Lightningisproducedwhenupwardlymovingairincloudsformsicecrystals(冰晶)—aerosolparticlesthenbegintobumpintooneanother,creatinganelectricalcharge.Lightninghappenswhentheelectricalfieldinonepartofthecloudbecomespositivelycharged(usuallyatthetopofthecloud)andanothernegativelycharged(usuallyatthebottomofthecloud).Andcloudsform,ofcourse,whenvaporevaporates(蒸发)fromthesurfaceoftheEarthandthewaterdropsbondwithaerosols.(当云层中向上移动的空气形成冰晶时，闪电就产生了——气溶胶颗粒开始相互碰撞，产生电荷。当云的一部分电场带正电（通常在云的顶部）而另一部分电场带负电（通常在云的底部）时，闪电就会发生。当然，当水蒸气从地球表面蒸发，水滴与气溶胶结合时，云就形成了)”可推知，作者主要是通过陈述事实展开第三段。故选A。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Whenthesaltwaterbondswithaerosolstoformwaterdroplets,theytendtobebiggerandheavierthanthosethatformoverlandduetothesalt—andthatresultsinmoreofthewaterinthecloudsfallingasrainbeforeitcanriseupandformicecrystals.(当盐水与气溶胶结合形成水滴时，它们往往比陆地上因盐而形成的水滴更大、更重——这导致云层中更多的水在上升形成冰晶之前就以雨的形式落下)”可知，陆地上的水滴和海上的不同在于它们更小更轻。故选D。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Ithadalwaysbeenassumedthattherarityoflightninginoceanstormswasduetocleanerairoverthevastseas,butkeenobservationshaveshownthatevenhighlypollutedairisassociatedwithreducedlightningatseawhenseasprayaerosols(气溶胶)areabundant.IntheirpaperpublishedinthejournalNatureCommunications,aninternationalteamofresearchersdescribestheirmulti-yearstudyofatmosphericconditionsovertheoceansborderingAfricaandwhatitshowedaboutsaltinseasprayaerosolsanditsimpactonlightning.(人们一直认为，海洋风暴中闪电的罕见是由于广阔的海洋上的空气更清洁，但是敏锐的观察表明，当海洋雾气溶胶丰富时，即使是高度污染的空气也与海上闪电的减少有关。在《自然通讯》杂志上发表的一篇论文中，一个国际研究小组描述了他们对与非洲接壤的海洋大气状况的多年研究，以及该研究显示的海洋雾气溶胶中的盐及其对闪电的影响)”结合文章主要说明了研究发现海雾中的盐可以防止雷击，解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的意义。由此可知，B选项“海雾中的盐可以防止雷击”最符合文章标题。故选B。CAroundsevenoutofeverytenAmericanswhoworkinofficesdotheirworkinanopenenvironment,definedasatdeskswithoutmeaningfulpartitions(隔板),accordingtoanInternationalFacilityManagementAssociationsurvey.Thatis,iftheyevenhaveadesk-workersmaybeassignedonlyafewfeetofacommunal(共用的)table.Theopen-planofficespacetrend,popularizedbycreativeagenciesandtechnologystart-ups,wentmainstreambecauseofthebeliefthatopen-spaceenvironmentssupportinnovation.Morenearnessbetweenemployees,thethinkingwent,wouldcreatemoreinteractionandteamwork,promotesocialinteractionandurgeproductivity.Butinfact,purelyopen-planofficeshavebeenshowntohavetheoppositeeffects,creatingsomuchdistraction(分心)thatemployeesstayedawayfromeachother.AstudyfundedbyHarvardBusinessSehaol,theresultsofwhichwerepublishedlastyear,trackedwhathappenedwhenaBritishcompanymoveditsemployeesfromtraditionalofficespace,withofficeswithwalls,toanopenoffice.Face-to-faceinteractionbecameless——employeesspent72percentlesstimeinteractingwiththeircolleagues.Insteadoftalkingmorewitheachother,theemployeesputonheadphonesandbegancommunicatingbytextandemail.Asdigitalcommunicationchannelssurged,productivitydeclined.Neurosciencealsoholdssomecluesastowhythetightquartersincommunalworkspaces-whereworkersareonlygivenabouthalfthespacetheyweregivenadecadeago-aresohardtoworkin.“Thehumanvoicesetsoffthemostpowerfulemotionalresponseinourauditory(听觉的)experience.Voiceabove55decibels(分贝)-roughlythesoundofaloudphonecall-causesmeasurablestress,”accordingtoaWallStreetJournalarticle,“TheNeuroscience-OptimizedOffice”.“Evenmoretroublesomeareoverheard‘halfversations’,inwhichthelisteneronlyknowsaboutonesideofadialogue;ourbrainsautomaticallyimaginetheother,”wroteauthorsJohnMedinaandRyanMullenix.Butthesolution,sayexpertsincludingNewport,isn’ttogobacktoputtingeveryoneintoofficeswithwalls.9.Whatcanwelearnabouttheopenofficetrendaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Itallows10peopleatmosttoworktogether.B.Itisbelievedtostimulateworkers’creativity.C.Itisonlypopularwithnewtechnologycompanies.D.Itisaimedatpromotingworkers’socialinteraction.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“surged”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Suspendedtimely. B.Becameuseless.C.Costless. D.Increasedquickly.11.Whatmakesanopenofficehardtoworkin?A.Hearingendlessnoisyphonecalls.B.Showingrealemotionspublicly.C.Facingcommunicationbarriersatwork.D.Hearingpartofadialoguebetweencolleagues.12.Whatwillprobablybediscussedinthefollowingparagraph?A.Whatarebenefitsoftheopenofficeswithwalls.B.Whytheopenofficemakesworkersdistracted.C.Howtodealwiththedisadvantagesoftheopenoffice.D.Howtodrawworkers’attentiontotheircolleaguesnearby.【答案】9.B10.D11.D12.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了开放式办公室的流行趋势及其对员工工作效率和互动的影响。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Theopen-planofficespacetrend,popularizedbycreativeagenciesandtechnologystart-ups,wentmainstreambecauseofthebeliefthatopen-spaceenvironmentssupportinnovation.(开放式办公室空间的趋势，由创意机构和科技初创公司推广，成为主流，因为人们相信开放空间环境支持创新)”可知，开放式办公室的流行趋势是因为人们相信它能激发员工的创造力。故选B。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Insteadoftalkingmorewitheachother,theemployeesputonheadphonesandbegancommunicatingbytextandemail.(员工们没有更多地互相交谈，而是戴上耳机，开始通过短信和电子邮件进行交流)”可知，员工们开始更多地使用数字通信渠道，数字通信渠道的激增，划线词surged意为“迅速增加”。A.Suspendedtimely及时暂停；B.Becameuseless变得无用；C.Costless成本更低；D.Increasedquickly增长迅速。故选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Evenmoretroublesomeareoverheard‘halfversations’,inwhichthelisteneronlyknowsaboutonesideofadialogue;ourbrainsautomaticallyimaginetheother,”wroteauthorsJohnMedinaandRyanMullenix.(更麻烦的是无意中听到的‘半句话’，听者只知道对话的一面；我们的大脑会自动想象对方，”作者约翰·梅迪纳和瑞安·穆勒尼克斯写道。)”可知，开放式办公室难以工作的原因是听到同事之间对话的一部分。故选D。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Butthesolution,sayexpertsincludingNewport,isn’ttogobacktoputtingeveryoneintoofficeswithwalls.(但包括纽波特在内的专家表示，解决方案不是让每个人都回到有墙的办公室)”可推测，接下来可能会讨论如何解决开放式办公室的缺点。故选C。DDoyouknowthewebsitesthatletyounameastarafteryourbelovedone,yourkidoryourdogforasmallfee?Yeah,thoseareallfake—youcouldpaymeto“name”astarfor$50,andI’lltakeyourmoneyandshowthenameonline.I’llevensendyouafancycertificate!Itseemsthatyou’venamedastar,butitjustdoesn’tcount.Actually,theonlyorganizationthatownsofficialnamingrightsistheInternationalAstronomicalUnion,ortheIAU.Itwasfoundedin1919andbasedinParis,France.Itiswhereastronomersandotherprofessionalshavereachedtheagreementsandistheofficialrecord-keepingbodyforalldiscoveriesinspace.Recentlytheydoopenupanopportunityforthepublictonameadozenofplanetsoutsidethesolarsystem.TheseplanetswillbeamongthefirsttobestudiedwiththeJamesWebbSpaceTelescope.However,theycurrentlyonlyhaveboringandcomplicateddocumentsthatwereusedtofindthem.That’swhytheIAUislookingforsomethingmoreinteresting.Butbeforeyoustartnamingtheplanets,youshouldknowtherules.First,nothingisrudeorannoying.Second,thenameshouldbelessthan16characterslongandpronounceableinatleastonelanguagewithnocommercialorbusinessnamesandnothingisnamedafteralivingindividualorapet.Thecompetition,named“StarsWorlds”,isopennextThursday,January20th.It’sthethirdsuchcontesttheIAUhasheld,andthepurposeistogetthepublicmoreinterestedinscienceaswellastheorganization.ThecompetitionalsohelpstobreakcenturiesofEuropeandominancewhenitcomestonamingthingsinthenightsky.Sopeoplearoundtheworldcansharethejoyofdiscoveryandmaketheirmarkinhistory.13.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthepassage?A.Bylistingfigures. B.Bytakinganexample.C.Byofferingasolution. D.Byshowingdifferences.14.WhatcanweknowabouttheIAUfromthepassage?A.ItwasfoundedbyFrance. B.Itstudiesthespacetelescope.C.Itorganizestripstothespace. D.Ithastherighttonamethestars.15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Whythecompetitionisheld. B.Howthecompetitiondevelops.C.Whattoexpectinthecompetition. D.Howtotakepartinthecompetition.16.Whereisthispassagemostlikelytakenfrom?A.Anovel. B.Atextbook. C.Adiary. D.Amagazine.【答案】13.B14.D15.A16.D【解析】【导语】本文为说明文。文章介绍了拥有行星命名权官方机构——国际天文学联盟、该机构举办的第三届给星球命名的公众活动及活动规则。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Yeah,thoseareallfake—youcouldpaymeto“name”astarfor$50,andI’lltakeyourmoneyandshowthenameonline.I’llevensendyouafancycertificate!Itseemsthatyou’venamedastar,butitjustdoesn’tcount.”（是的，这些都是假的——你可以花50美元给我“命名”一个行星，我会拿着你的钱在网上展示这个名字。我甚至会给你寄一份精美的证书！看起来你已经命名了一颗行星，但这并不算数。）可知，为了让读者对骗子网站的操作一目了然，作者以自己可以随意给行星命名来举例引出本文的主要内容——介绍IAU组织及其给星球命名的活动。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Actually,theonlyorganizationthatownsofficialnamingrightsistheInternationalAstronomicalUnion,ortheIAU.Itwasfoundedin1919andbasedinParis,France.Itiswhereastronomersandotherprofessionalshavereachedtheagreementsandistheofficialrecord-keepingbodyforalldiscoveriesinspace.”（事实上，唯一拥有官方命名权的组织是国际天文学联合会，简称IAU。它成立于1919年，总部设在法国巴黎。它是天文学家和其他专业人士达成协议的地方，也是所有太空发现的官方记录保存机构。）可知，从文章中我们可以了解到关于IAU，它有权为星星命名。故选D项。15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thecompetition,named“StarsWorlds”,isopennextThursday,January20th.It’sthethirdsuchcontesttheIAUhasheld,andthepurposeistogetthepublicmoreinterestedinscienceaswellastheorganization.ThecompetitionalsohelpstobreakcenturiesofEuropeandominancewhenitcomestonamingthingsinthenightsky.Sopeoplearoundtheworldcansharethejoyofdiscoveryandmaketheirmarkinhistory.”（这场名为“群星世界”的比赛将于1月20日（下周四开）幕。这是国际天文学联合会第三次举办这样的比赛，目的是让公众对科学和该组织更感兴趣。这项竞赛还有助于打破欧洲在夜空天体命名方面几个世纪以来的主导地位。这样世界各地的人们就可以分享发现的喜悦，并在历史上留下自己的印记。）可知，最后一段主要讲的是活动举办的目的。故选A项。【16题详解】推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中的“Thecompetition,named‘StarsWorlds’,isopennextThursday,January20th.”（这场名为“群星世界”的比赛将于1月20日（下周四）开幕。）可知，本文介绍了真正拥有行星命名权的组织机构，本文时效性较强，应该是从报刊杂志上节选出来的。故选D项。二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。Whiletherearenumeroustoolstohelpyoudetermineyourstrengths,trystartingwiththesequestions.Beashonest,clear,andobjectiveaspossible.Whatareyourtopthreequalitiesorstrengths?____17____.Tomakeiteasy,sendanemailto20ofyourclosestfriendsandfamilymembers.Tellthemyouneedtheirhelpinidentifyingyourthreetopqualitiesorstrengths.You’llquicklystartreceivingresponses.Startalistfromtheanswersyoureceive.____18____.Takethethreemostcommonanswersandusethemasyourguide.Whatdoyoudoeveryday?Mostpeopletendtospendtimeonthethingstheyliketodoratherthanthethingstheydon’tlike.____19____.Ifyoufindyourselfeasilymakingtimetoreadtoyourkidsbutavoidmakingdinner,thisbehaviorcouldbetellingyousomething.Peoplemovetowardthingsthey’renaturallygoodatdoing.____20____?Whatpeoplethinkyoudoandwhattheysayaboutyouaretwodifferentthings.Forexample,theymaythinkyou’recleaningalldaylongbutstillthinkyou’reaterriblehousekeeper.Soyouneedtoquestionpeopleaboutitandtellthemit’sokaytotellthetruthbecausethisisaboutyourpersonaldevelopment.Whatisonemistakeyoukeeprepeating?AlbertEinsteinisknowntohavedescribedinsanity(精神错乱)asdoingthesamethingoverandoverbutexpectingdifferentresults.Areyoucaughtintheinsanitytrap?Forme,itwasmakingbread.ForyearsItriedtogetmydough(面团)toriseintoanicecottonyloaf.____21____.Ihadadvicefromfriends,watchedvideosonlineandtrieddifferentrecipesalltonoavail.I’veacceptedthatIcan’tmakebreadandit’sokay.A.EverytimeIcreatedahardrockB.ThefirststepistoaskforadviceC.WhatdoyouliketotalkaboutD.WhatdootherpeoplesayaboutyouE.You’llfindalotofqualitiesarerepeatedF.Thetruthiswedon’thavetobegoodateverythingG.It’softenthestrugglebetweenthetwothatcausesproblems,nottheactivities【答案】17.B18.E19.G20.D21.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了几个可以帮助确定自己优势的方法。【17题详解】根据下文“Tomakeiteasy,sendanemailto20ofyourclosestfriendsandfamilymembers.Tellthemyouneedtheirhelpinidentifyingyourthreetopqualitiesorstrengths.You’llquicklystartreceivingresponses.(为了方便起见，给你最亲密的20位朋友和家人发一封电子邮件。告诉他们你需要他们的帮助来确定你的三大品质或优势。你会很快收到回复)”可知，要了解自己的长处，需要征求别人的意见。B项“第一步是征求意见”符合题意，下文是对选项的具体解释。故选B项。【18题详解】根据上文“Startalistfromtheanswersyoureceive.(从收到的答案开始列出一个列表)”及下文“Takethethreemostcommonanswersandusethemasyourguide.(选取三个最常见的答案，并将其作为你的指南)”可知，E项“你会发现很多品质都是重复的”起到了内容上的承上启下，表明具体操作的步骤是你需要先为答案列清单，然后从清单表里发现很多重复的品质后，再从这些重复的答案中选取三个作为你的行动指南。故选E项。【19题详解】根据上文“Whatdoyoudoeveryday?Mostpeopletendtospendtimeonthethingstheyliketodoratherthanthethingstheydon’tlike.(你每天都做什么？大多数人倾向于把时间花在他们喜欢做的事情上，而不是他们不喜欢的事情上)”可知，大多数人把时间花在喜欢做的事情而不是他们不喜欢的事情上，G项“造成问题的往往是两者之间的斗争，而不是活动”中的thetwo指的是上文提到的thethingstheyliketodo和thingstheydon’tlike，和上文构成内容上的承接。故选G项。【20题详解】下文“Whatpeoplethinkyoudoandwhattheysayaboutyouaretwodifferentthings.Forexample,theymaythinkyou’recleaningalldaylongbutstillthinkyou’reaterriblehousekeeper.(人们对你的看法和他们对你的评价是两回事。例如，他们可能认为你整天都在打扫卫生，但仍然认为你是一个糟糕的管家)”可知，本段主要强调别人对你的评价。D项“别人怎么评价你”符合题意，可以作为本段的主题句对本段内容进行概括。故选D项。【21题详解】根据上文“Forme,itwasmakingbread.ForyearsItriedtogetmydough(面团)toriseintoanicecottonyloaf.(对我来说，就是做面包。多年来，我一直试图让我的面团变成一个漂亮的棉花面包)”可知，作者不断重复的错误是做面包，A项“每次我创造一块坚硬的岩石”中的rock指代的是上文提到的bread，构成内容上的承接，指出作者经常重复犯的错误是把面包烤成石头一样硬。故选A项。三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It’snevereasybeingthenewkidinschool,especiallywhenyoulookalittlebitdifferentfromeveryoneelse.Asidefromtheusual___22___aboutnotknowinganyoneatHendersonHighSchoolinTennessee,15-year-oldSergioPeralt___23___thatpeoplewouldlaughathimforhis___24___.Sergio’srighthanddidn’tformfullyatbirth.“Inthefirstdaysofschool,Ihonestlyfeltlike___25___myhandinmysleeve(袖子),”Sergioadmitted.“Likenobodywouldeverfindout.”Itturnsoutthathisfellowstudentswerealotmore___26___thanheassumed.Infact,whentheschool’sengineeringteacher___27___Sergio’shand,hesuggestedthestudentsinhisclassshould___28___him.Theschoolisequippedwithonlinemodelingsoftwareanda3Dprinter,sotheteachersuggestedareal-life___29___thatwouldbenefitboththestudentsandSergio.Severalengineeringstudents___30___beganworkingonaprosthesis(假肢)fortheirnewclassmate.“‘Wecouldbuildyourprosthetichand’,they____31____meandIneverexpectedit,”saidSergio.StudentsworkedwithSergiotogettheprosthesisright,andwhenitwasfinished,it____32____allexpectations.Sergiowasnowableto____33____abaseballusinghisrighthandforthefirsttimeinhisentirelife.Beyondthepracticalityofhavinga____34____prosthesis,Sergiofeltsomethingevenmorepowerful:Hefitin.____35____beingteasedforhisdisability,hewascelebratedandassisted.“Theychangedmylife,”saidthe____36____teen.22.A.curiosity B.guilty C.nervousness D.sympathy23.A.announced B.worried C.remembered D.admitted24.A.performance B.ambition C.quality D.difference25.A.waving B.extending C.hiding D.ignoring26.A.open-minded B.nature-loving C.absent-minded D.hard-working27.A.trained B.covered C.treated D.noticed28.A.follow B.help C.challenge D.join29.A.application B.appointment C.invitation D.explanation30.A.temporarily B.hesitantly C.eagerly D.impatiently31.A.promised B.warned C.advised D.questioned32.A.setup B.livedupto C.ruledout D.fellshortof33.A.catch B.transform C.select D.replace34.A.familiar B.safe C.useful D.similar35.A.Regardlessof B.Apartfrom C.Dueto D.Ratherthan36.A.brave B.grateful C.generous D.considerate【答案】22.C23.B24.D25.C26.A27.D28.B29.A30.C31.A32.B33.A34.C35.D36.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了15岁的SergioPeralta手部有残疾，进入新学校后同学为他制作假肢，改变了他的生活。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：15岁的SergioPeralta除了因为在田纳西州亨德森高中不认识任何人而感到紧张之外，还担心人们会因为他的与众不同而嘲笑他。A.curiosity好奇；B.guilty内疚；C.nervousness紧张；D.sympathy同情。根据空后“notknowinganyoneatHendersonHighSchoolinTennessee”可知，在学校不认识任何人，SergioPeralta应是感到有点紧张，故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：15岁的SergioPeralta除了因为在田纳西州亨德森高中不认识任何人而感到紧张之外，还担心人们会因为他的与众不同而嘲笑他。A.announced宣布；B.worried担心；C.remembered记得；D.admitted承认。根据下文“peoplewouldlaughathimforhis3.Sergio’srighthanddidn’tformfullyatbirth.”可知，Sergio的手有残疾，故他担心别人因为他的不同而嘲笑他，故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：15岁的SergioPeralta除了因为在田纳西州亨德森高中不认识任何人而感到紧张之外，还担心人们会因为他的与众不同而嘲笑他。A.performance表现；B.ambition雄心；C.quality质量；D.difference不同。根据下文“Sergio’srighthanddidn’tformfullyatbirth.”可知，Sergio的手有残疾，故他担心别人因为他的不同而嘲笑他，故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sergio承认：“在开学的头几天，我真的想把手藏在袖子里。”A.waving挥手；B.extending延伸；C.hiding隐藏；D.ignoring忽视。根据上文的“Sergio’srighthanddidn’tformfullyatbirth.”和空后“myhandinmysleeve”可知，Sergio想把手藏在袖子里，故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，他的同学们比他想象的要开明得多。A.open-minded开明的；B.nature-loving热爱自然的；C.absent-minded心不在焉的；D.hard-working勤奋的。根据下文“Severalengineeringstudents9beganworkingonaprosthesis(假肢)fortheirnewclassmate.”可知，几个工程系的学生急切地开始为他们的新同学制作假肢，Sergio的同学们比他想象的要开明得多，故选A。

【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，当学校的工程老师注意到Sergio的手时，他建议班上的学生应该能够帮助他。A.trained训练；B.covered覆盖；C.treated治疗；D.noticed注意到。根据下文“hesuggestedthestudentsinhisclassshouldhelphim.”可知，老师注意到Sergio的手有残疾，故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.follow跟随；B.help帮助；C.challenge挑战；D.join加入。根据上文的“whentheschool’sengineeringteacher6Sergio’shand,hesuggestedthestudentsinhisclassshould”可知，老师看到Sergio的手有残疾，建议同学们帮助他，故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校配备了在线建模软件和3D打印机，所以老师建议在现实生活中应用，这对Sergio和其他学生都有好处。A.application应用；B.appointment约会；C.invitation邀请；D.explanation解释。根据上文的“Theschoolisequippedwithonlinemodelingsoftwareanda3Dprinter,sotheteachersuggestedareal-life”和下文“thatwouldbenefitboththestudentsandSergio”可知，老师建议在现实生活中应用这些设备，这对Sergio和其他学生都有好处。故选A。

【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：几个工程系的学生急切地开始为他们的新同学制作假肢。A.temporarily暂时地；B.hesitantly犹豫地；C.eagerly急切地；D.impatiently不耐烦地。结合空后“beganworkingonaprosthesis”可知，听了老师的建议，同学们应是急切地着手开始为他们的新同学制作假肢，故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“‘我们可以给你做假手’，他们承诺我，但我从没想过，”Sergio说。A.promised承诺；B.warned警告；C.advised建议；D.questioned质疑。根据上文的“Wecouldbuildyourprosthetichand”可知，同学们承诺为Sergio制作假肢，故选A。【32题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：学生们和Sergio一起完成了假肢，当它完成时，它没有辜负所有人的期望。A.setup建立；B.livedupto不辜负；C.ruledout排除；D.fellshortof未达到。根据下文的“Sergiowasnowableto12abaseballusinghisrighthandforthefir