职称英语理工类c级模拟59

职称英语理工类C级模拟59

第1部分：词汇选项

下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定一个意义最为

接近的选项。

1>Ihavebeentryingtoquitsmoking.

A.giveupB.pickupC.build

upD.takeup

2、Reliefworkerswereshockedbywhattheysaw.

A.movedB.touchedC.surprisedD

,worried

3、TheweatherisaconstantsubjectofconversationinBritain.

A.questionB.problemC.titleD

,topic

4、ThisisnottypicalofEnglish,butisafeatureoftheChineselanguage.

A.particularB.characteristicC.remarkable

D.idiomatic

5、Itisvirtuallyimpossibletopersuadehimtoapplyforthejob.

A.simplyB.almostC.totallyD.

completely

6、Thesearedefensivebehaviorpatternswhichderivefromourfears.

A.stemB.relyC.developD

,grow

7、Onlyasmallminorityofthementallyillareliabletoharmthemselvesor

others.

A.easyB.possibleC.likely

D.difficult

8、Theyhavethecapabilitytodestroytheenemyinafewdays.

A.possibilityB.necessityC.ability

D.probability

9、Wehaveneverseensuchgorgeoushills.

A.beautifulB.stretchingC.spreading

D.rolling

10、Theleaveshavebeensweptintohugeheaps.

A.loadsB.layersC.pyramids

D.piles

11>Thenewswillhorrifyeveryone.

A.attractB.terrifyC.tempt

D.excite

12>Thearticlesketchedthemajoreventsofthedecade.

A.describedB.offeredC.outlined

D.presented

13>Iwon11toleratethatkindofbehavior.

A.bearB.receiveC.admit

D.take

14、Theirstyleofplayingfootballisutterlydifferent.

A.barelyB.scarcelyC.hardly

D.totally

15>Hersisterurgedhertoapplyforthejob.

A.advisedB.causedC.forced

D.promised

第2部分：阅读判断

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供

的是正确的信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误的信息，请选择B；如果该句的信

息稳重没有提及，请选择C。

Trees

1.Treesareplantsthatsurviveyearafteryearandhaveasinglemain

stemcomposedentirelyofwood.SomekindsgrowtoonlytenfeetzOthersattain

heightsofmorethan350feet.Thesegiantsalsohavestemsthatareasmuch

as100feetincircumference（圆周）.

2.Over25z000differentspeciesoftreegrowaroundthewood,exceptnear

theNorthandSouthPoles.Theyallbelongtooneoftwopossiblegroups.

Theyareeitherconiferous（松类的）ordeciduous（落叶的）.Coniferoustrees

areevergreens（常绿的）,suchaspineorfir,whichbearneedlelikefoliage

（叶子）allyearlong.Manydeciduoustreeshavebroadleaves,whichtheyusually

shedeachyearatthebeginningofthecoldseason.

3.Treesprovidepeoplewithahostofoils,drugsglueszcandy,cloths,

fuels,andwellover10,000woodenproducts.Somehaveuniquequalitiesthat

maketheirwoodvaluableforspecialpurposes.Oneparticulartypeoftree,

forexample,isusedtomakefishingrodsbecauseitisnotstrongbutunusually

flexible.QueenslandwalnutisusedbytheelectricalindustryinAustralia,

becauseitisalmostasgoodanelectricalinsulatorasrubber.Oneofthe

worldmostunusualtreesistheteak（柚木）.Itisoneoftheheaviestofall

woodszandithasthelargestleavesofanytree.Theseenormousleavesare

twofeetsquareandtheirsurfaceissotoughandcoarsethatcabinetmakers

inIndiausethemassandpaper.Teakwooditselfissoheavythatwhenateak

treeisfirstcutdownitwillnotfloatinwater.Ittakesthreeyearsfor

thetenorfifteen-tontrunktodryoutenoughsoitwillnotsink.

4.Ofalltheworld1sbillionsoflivingtrees,thetallestisagiant

redwoodinCalifornia.Ittowers368feet.Thisredwoodtreeisanchoredand

nourishedbyamassiverootsystem.Itextendsoverthreefullacres.

16>Treesgroweverycorneroftheworld.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17、Thetallesttreeintheworldis368feetinheight.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>Teakistheheaviesttreeintheworld.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Queenslandwalnutcanconductelectricitywell.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Coniferoustreesnevershedleaves.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>Shorttreesareoftendeciduous.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、RedwoodonlygrowsinCalifornia.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23〜26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1〜4段每段

选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27〜30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选

项。

ScreenTest

1.EveryyearmillionsofwomenarescreenedwithX-raystopickupsigns

ofbreastcancer.Ifthishappensearlyenough,thediseasecanoftenbetreated

successfully.Accordingtoasurveypublishedlastyear,21countrieshave

screeningprogrammes.Nineofthem,includingAustralia,Canada,theUSand

Spain,screenwomenunder50.

2.Butthemedicalbenefitofscreeningtheseyoungerwomenarecontroversial,

partlybecausetheradiationbringsasmallriskofinducingcancer.Also,

youngerwomenmustbegivenhigherdosesofX-raysbecausetheirbreasttissue

isdenser.

3.ResearchersatthePolytechnicUniversityofValenciaanalysedtheeffect

ofscreeningmorethan160,000womenat11localclinics.Afterestimating

thewomen1scumulativedoseofradiation,theyusedtwomodelstocalculate

thenumberofextracancersthiswouldcause.

4.ThemathematicalmodelrecommendedbyBritain*sNationalRadiological

ProtectionBoard（NRPB.predictedthatthescreeningprogrammewouldcause

36cancersper100,000women,18ofthemfatal.Themodelpreferredbythe

UNScientificCommitteeontheEffectsofAtomicRadiationledtoalower

figureof20cancers.

5.Theresearchersarguethatthelevelofradiationinducedcancersis

"notverysignificant11comparedtothefarlargernumberofcancersthatare

discoveredandtreated.TheValenciaprogrammeztheysay,detectsbetween

300and450casesofbreastcancerinevery100,000womenscreened.

6.Buttheypointoutthattheriskofwomencontractingcancerfromradiation

couldbereducedbybetween40and80percentifscreeningbeganat50instead

of45,becausetheywouldbeexposedtolessradiation.Theresultsoftheir

HH

study,theysuggestzcouldhelpoptimisethetechniqueforbreastcancer

screening.

7."Thereisatrade-offbetweenthediagnosticbenefitsofbreastscreening

anditsrisks."admitsMichaelClarkoftheNRPB.Buthewarnsthatthestudy

shouldbeinterpretedwithcaution.'*Onthebasisofthecurrentdata,for

every10cancerssuccessfullydetectedandpreventedthereisariskofcausing

onelaterinlife.That*swhyradiationexposureshouldbeminimisedinany

screeningprogramme."

A.HarmScreeningMayDotoaYoungerWoman

B.InvestigatingtheEffectofScreening

C.EffectsPredictedbyTwoDifferentModels

D.SmallRiskofInducingCancersfromRadiation

E.TreatmentofCancers

F.FactorsThatTriggerCancers

23、Paraqraph2

24、Paraqraph3

25、Paraqraph4

26、Paraqraph5

27>A.becostly

B.harmful

C.savealife

D.stillopentodebate

E.reducetheriskofradiationtriggeringacancer

F.reducedtotheminimum

Earlydiscoveryofbreastcancermay.

28、Advantagesofscreeningwomenunder50are.

29、Delayingtheageatwhichscreeningstartsmay.

30、Radiationexposureshouldbe.

第4部分：阅读理解

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

弟扁

WaterResource

Humanityusesalittlelessthanhalfthewateravailableworldwide.Yet

occurrencesofshortagesanddroughts（干旱）arecausingfamineanddistress

insomeareas,andindustrialandagriculturalby-productsarepollutingwater

supplies.Sincetheworldspopulationisexpectedtodoubleinthenext50

years,manyexpertsthinkweareontheedgeofawidespreadwatercrisis.

Butthatdoesn1thavetobetheoutcome.Watershortagesdonothaveto

troubletheworld—ifwestartvaluingwatermorethanwehaveinthepast.

Justaswebegantoappreciatepetroleummoreafterthe1970soilcrises,

todaywemuststartlookingatwaterfromafresheconomicperspective.We

cannolongeraffordtoconsiderwateravirtuallyfreeresourceofwhich

wecanuseasmuchaswelikeinanywaywewant.

Instead,forallusesexceptthedomesticdemandofthepoor,governments

shouldpricewatertoreflectitsactualvalue.Thismeanschargingafee

forthewateritselfaswellasforthesupplycosts.

Governmentsshouldalsoprotectthisresourcebyprovidingwaterinmore

economicallyandenvironmentallysoundways.Forexamplezoftenthecheapest

waytoprovideirrigation（灌，既）waterinthedrytropicsisthroughsmall-scale

projects,suchasgatheringrainfallindepressions（凹地）andpumpingitto

nearbycropland.

Nomatterwhatstepsgovernmentstaketoprovidewatermoreefficiently,

theymustchangetheirinstitutionalandlegalapproachestowateruse.Rather

thanspreadcontrolamonghundredsoreventhousandsoflocal,regional,and

nationalagenciesthatwatchvariousaspectsofwateruse,countriesshould

setupcentralauthoritiestocoordinatewaterpolicy.

31>Whatistherealcauseofthepotentialwatercrisis?

A.Onlyhalfoftheworldswatercanbeused.

B.Theworldpopulationisincreasingfasterandfaster.

C.Halfoftheworldswaterresourceshavebeenseriouslypolluted.

D.Humanityhasnotplacedsufficientvalueonwaterresources.

32、Asindicatedinthepassage,thewaterproblem.

A.isalreadyseriousincertainpartsoftheworld

B.hasbeenexaggeratedbysomeexpertsinthefield

C.posesachallengetothetechnologyofbuildingreservoirs

D.isunderestimatedbygovernmentorganizationsatdifferentlevels

33、Accordingtotheauthor,thewaterpriceshould.

A.bereducedtotheminimum

B.stimulatedomesticdemand

C.correspondtoitsrealvalue

D.takeintoaccounttheoccurrencesofdroughts

34、Theauthorsaysthatinsomehotanddryareasitisadvisableto.

A.buildbiglakestostorewater

B.constructbigpumpingstations

C.buildsmallandcheapirrigationsystems

D.channelwaterfromnearbyriverstocropland

35、Inordertoraisetheefficiencyofthewatersupply,measuresshould

betakento.

A.guaranteefullprotectionoftheenvironment.

B.centralizethemanagementofwaterresources.

C.increasethesenseofresponsibilityofagenciesatalllevels.

D.encouragelocalandregionalcontrolofwaterresources.

弟一^扁

TheAppearanceofWoman

Allresearchtodateonbodyimageshowsthatwomenaremuchmorecritical

oftheirappearancethanmen—muchlesslikelytoadmirewhattheyseeinthe

mirror.Upto8outof10womenaredissatisfiedwiththeirreflection,and

morethanhalfmayseeadistortedimage.

Menlookinginthemirroraremorelikelytobeeitherpleasedwithwhat

theyseeorindifferent.Researchshowsthatmengenerallyhaveamuchmore

positivebodyimagethanwomen—ifanything,theymaytendtoover-estimate

theirattractiveness.Somemenlookinginthemirrormayliterallynotsee

theflawsintheirappearance.

Whyarewomensomuchmoreself-criticalthanmen?Becausewomenarejudged

ontheirappearancemorethanmen,andstandardsoffemalebeautyare

considerablyhigherandmoreinflexible.Womenarecontinuallybombardedwith

imagesofthenidealHface.Andconstantexposuretoidealizedimagesoffemale

beautyonTV,magazinesandbillboardsmakesexceptionalgoodlooksseemnormal

andanythingshortofperfectionseemabnormalandugly.Ithasbeenestimated

thatyoungwomennowseemoreimagesofoutstandinglybeautifulwomeninone

daythanourmotherssawthroughouttheirentireadolescence.

Also,mostwomenaretryingtoachievetheimpossible：standardsoffemale

beautyhaveinfactbecomeprogressivelymoreunrealisticduringthelast

century.In1917,thephysicallyperfectwomanwasabout5ft4intalland

weighednearly10stone.Even25yearsago,topmodelsandbeautyqueensweighed

only8%lessthantheaveragewoman,nowtheyweigh23%less.Thecurrent

mediaidealforwomenisachievablebylessthan5%ofthefemalepopulation—and

that1sjustintermsofweightandsize.Ifyouwanttheidealshape,face

etc.,itsprobablymorelike1%.

36、Themainpurposeofthepassageisto.

A.explainaphenomenonB.comparetwofacts

C.makeasuggestionD.strengthenacurrent

theory

37、Thedifferencebetweenmenandwomenwhentheylookintothemirroris

that.

A.womenstaylongerbeforethemirrorthanmen

B.womenfeelmorecomfortableabouttheirappearancethanmen

C.women,morethanmen,comeawayfromthemirrorfeelingunsatisfied

D.womenlooksbeforethemirrorappearmoredistortedthanmen

38、Thephrase"bombardedwith"(Para.3.)couldbestbereplacedby.

A.deniedB.doubtfulof

C.veryproudofD.influencedby

39、Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredaboutthephysicallyperfectwoman

in1917?

A.Shewasnotverymuchdifferentfromtheaveragewoman.

B.Shewashardlyachievablebythefemalepopulation.

C.Shelookedintothemirrormoreoftenthanwomentoday.

D.Shewasregardedperfectonlyintermsofherface.

40、Todayperfectwomanisachievable,intermsofeveryphysicalaspect,

bywhichofthefollowingpercentageofthefemalepopulation?

A.23B.8

C.5D.1

第—二^答板

WingedRobotLearnstoFly-

Learninghowtoflytooknaturemillionsofyearsoftrialanderror—but

awingedrobothascrackeditinonlyafewhourszusingthesameevolutionary

principles.

KristerWolffandPeterNordinofChalmersUniversityofTechnology(CUT)

inGothenburg,Sweden,builtawingedrobotandsetabouttestingwhether

itcouldlearntoflybyitself,withoutanypre-programmeddataonwhatflapping

isorhowtodoit.

Tobeginwith,therobotjusttwitchedandjerkederratically.Butzgradually,

itmademovementsthatgainedheight.Atfirst,itcheated—simplystanding

onitswingtipswasoneearlyshortcut.Afterthreehours,however,the

robotabandonedsuchmethodsinfavorofamoreeffectiveflappingtechnique

whereitrotateditswingsthrough90degreesandraisedthembeforetwisting

thembacktothehorizontalandpushingdown.

"Thistellsusthatthiskindofevolutioniscapableofcomingupwith

flyingmotion,nsaysPeterBentley,whoworksonevolutionarycomputingat

UniversityCollegeLondon.Butwhiletherobothadworkedouthowbestto

producelift,itwasnotabouttotakeoff."There1sonlysomuchthatevolution

cando,HBentleysays."Thisthingisnevergoingtoflybecausethemotors

willneverhavethestrengthtodoit,"hesays.

Therobothadmetre-longwingsmadefrombalsawoodandcoveredwitha

lightplasticfilm.Smallmotorsontherobotletitmoveitswingsforwards

orbackwards,upordownortwistthemineitherdirection.

Theteamattachedtherobottotwoverticalrodszsoitcouldslideup

anddown.Atthestartofatest,therobotwassuspendedbyanelasticband.

Amovementdetectormeasuredhowmuchlift,ifany,therobotproducedfor

anygivenmovement.Acomputerprogramfedtherobotrandominstructions,

attherateof20persecond,totestitsflappingabilities.Eachinstruction

toldtheroboteithertodonothingortomovethewingsslightlyinthevarious

directions.

Feedbackfromthemovementdetectorlettheprogramworkoutwhichsets

ofinstructionswerebestatproducinglift.Themostsuccessfuloneswere

pairedupand"offspring"setsofinstructionsweregeneratedbyswapping

instructionsrandomlybetweensuccessfulpairs.Thesenextgeneration

instructionswerethensenttotherobotandevaluatedbeforebreedinganew

generation,andtheprocesswasrepeated.

41、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofwhatismentionedaboutthewinged

robotinthesecondparagraph?

A.ThetwoprofessorsofCUTbuiltthewingedrobot.

B.ThetwoprofessorsofCUTtestedwhetherthewingedrobotcouldlearn

tofly.

C.ThetwoprofessorsofCUTprogrammedthedataonhowtherobotflapped

itswings.

D.ThetwoprofessorsofCUTtriedtofindoutiftherobotcouldfly

byitself.

42、Howdidtherobotbehaveatthebeginningofthetest?

A.Itrotateditswingsthrough90degrees.

B.Ittwitchedbutgraduallygainedheight.

C.Itwastwitchedandbrokedown.

D.Itlandednotlongafterthetest.

43、WhichofthefollowingisnearesttoPeterBentley1sviewonthewinged

robot?

A.Thewingedrobotcouldneverreallyfly.

B.Thewingedrobotdidnothaveamotor.

C.Thewingedrobotshouldgothroughfurtherevolutionbeforeitcould

fiy.

D.Therobotcouldflyifitwerelighter.

44、Whatmeasuredhowmuchlifttherobotproduced?

A.Twoverticalrods.B.Amovementdetector.

C.Anelasticband.D.BothBandC.

45、Whatdoes"theprocess11appearinginthelastparagraphreferto?

A.Pairingupsuccessfulinstructions.

B.Sendinginstructionstotherobot.

C.Generatingnewsetsofinstructionsforevaluation.

D.Alltheabove.

第5部分：补全短文

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分

别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

TheMagicofSound

Musicisoneofthemostbeautifulformsofartisticexpressionseverinvented.

Inmoviesandplays,musichasanaddedfunction：itnotonlymovespeople

butalsocanshockpeople.Isittruethatanordinarymusicalinstrument

canbesopowerful?

Oureardrumscanwithstandsoundwithin20to80decibels.Oncesoundexceeds

thislimitzevenbeautifulmusicwillbecomeear-splittingnoiseandharm

health.Astrongblastofhighsoundcantwistandbreakasolidironsheet.46

Thenoisefromaplane*sengineisover140decibels.However,thesound

ofafluteisatmostafewdecibels.47Ithasbeenproventhatpeople

whohaveworkedinanenvironmentwithahighsoundintensityforalongtime

suffervaryingdegreesofheartdiseaseoralteredbrainwaves.

Inmovies,sometimestheherocanproduceasoundthatordinarypeople

can*thearandonlythosewhohavethesameabilitycanfeel.Innature,there

isactuallysoundthatisbeyondourhearing.Inphysics,thesoundthatexceeds

20,000Hziscalledultrasonic.48Itdoesnoharmtohealth.

Soundlessthan20Hziscalledinfrasonicwaves.Whenwemove,theair

willvibrate.49Asthefrequencyofinfrasonicwavesisclosetothatof

people*sinternalorgans,infrasonicwavemaycauseresonanceinhumanbodies.

Asaresult,people1svisionmayweakenandinternalorgansmayrupture.However,

whetheraninfrasonicwavecanbeusedasaweapondependsonitsintensity.

Ifitsintensityisverylow,itwon*tdamageinternalorgansoraperson*s

health.50Whenwindblowsataforc