2025高考英语步步高大一轮复习讲义人教版选择性必修第三册1Unit 1　Art

2025高考英语步步高大一轮复习讲义人教版选择性必修第三册选择性必修第三册Unit1ArtⅠ.阅读理解A(★)Herearethebestartconteststoenterin2023.ArtistsMagazineAnnualArtCompetitionThiscontestseekstoencouragefutureartists.Kidsunder16areencouragedtosubmittwo-dimensionalartworkincludingpaintings，drawings，computer-generatedartwork，photographs，andmoretotheirrepresentativesforconsideration，wherevertheyare.Entriesareacceptedonlineeachspring.Thefeesare$20foreachentry.ThewinnerswillhavetheirartworkpubliclydisplayedattheCapitolforayear，andarealsohonoredatanaward.TheChelseaFineArtsCompetitionFor30years，thisannualartcontesthasawardedworldwidevisualartists.Thiscontestisopentovisualartistsfromaroundtheworldatanystageoftheircareerswhoareatleast18yearsofage.TheentryperiodisfromMarch3rduntilJune3rd.There’safeeforentering：$40fortwopiecesofartwork.There’sanearlybirdperiodwithareducedfeeforentries.DoodleforGoogleArtContestThisannualcontestgivesexposureandsupporttopeoplearoundtheglobewhousetechnologytocreateartwork.Asidefromtheprizes，thiscontestalsoinvolvesexhibitionsandeventstoraiseawareness.Theentryfeesare$50foruptofiveimagesand$5foreachadditionalimage.Thedeadlineforentriesandfeesisinmid-March.TheScholasticArtandWritingAwardsTheartcontestisopentostudentswhoareatleast13yearsoldfromSeptembertoDecember.Nofeeischargedforthiscontest.Winnersareselectedinthevisualandliteraryartsonthebasisoforiginalityandtechnicalskillandwillreceiveprizesthatincludepublication，exhibition，andeducationalscholarshipsworthupto$10,000.1．Whatdothefirsttwocontestshaveincommon?A．Theychargedifferently.B．Theyareintendedforteenagers.C．Theyofferareducedfeeforbeginners.D．Theyareinternationalcontest.2．HowmuchshouldbepaidforsevenentriesforDoodleforGoogleArtContest?A．$50.B．$55.C．$60.D．$65.3．WhatmakesTheScholasticArtandWritingAwardsspecial?A．Teenagerscansignupforfree. B．Thiscontestisheldeveryyear.C．Onlyteenagerscanenterforit. D．Prizewinnerswillmakeaspeech.B(★)Overthepastfewyears，anewstreetartforminSwedenhasbeenopeningoureyestoaworldwehadnotgivenmuchthoughttobefore.Acollectionofartistsinstalledtinybuildings，storesandcafesacrossthestreetsofSwedenandEuropedesignedtobeinhabitedbymice.Thesceneslikethefairytalesthatinspiredthem，aredreamyandadorable.Aminiaturerecordstore，completewithabottlecapbanjo(班卓琴)，asmallrestaurant，atravelagent，ajazzclub—allcraftedtothetiniestdetail.“Well，itstartedwithafewofusjustwantingtoconstructsomethinginapublicsetting，andthediscussionnarrowedinonourloveforthemoviesofDisney，”saidJimHanks，oneartistofthisgroup.“Weliketothinkofitassomethingweourselveswouldlovetomeetunexpectedlyinanotherwisedullconcreteenvironment.”Now，they’vecompletedanestimated30installations!MostlyinMalmoandStockholminSweden.Afterscoutingalocation，thegroupthenresearchthelocalhistoryoftheareatheyareintoinformtheirdesign.Oncesketchedout，theconstructionstakeuptotwomonthstobuildbeforetheyareinstalledinthedeadofnight.“Wejustwanttobringalittlebitofmagicintopeople’severydaylives，andmaybeinspiresomeonetocreatesomethingontheirownstreet，”JimHankssaid.“Weliketoimagineaworldwheresmallanimalsliveparalleltous，andrecycleobjectsweloseorthrowaway，soabottlecapbecomesachair，aboxofmatchesbecomesatable，astampbecomesapaintingandatrashcanbecomesarestaurant.”MichaelGehrisch，anAmericanphotographerbasedinLund，Sweden，capturedafewofthedream-likeminiaturescenesonvideo，whichshowstunnedonlookersbendingimpossiblylowtothegroundtotakepicturesandadmirethework.4．Whatisthemainfeatureoftheworksoftheseartists?A．Animal-friendly.B．Multi-functional.C．Old-fashioned.D．Small-sized.5．WhatcanweinferfromJimHanks’words?A．Theywanttoinspiremorepeopletolearnart.B．Theyhavereusedsomeolditemsintheirworks.C．Theywanttogivethecitymoremusicalelements.D．Theyareinspiredbytheirlovefortraditionalarchitecture.6．WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningMichael’svideo?A．People’sloveforthisstreetartform.B．Thebestwaytoappreciatethework.C．Properbehaviorsofonlookersinpublic.D．People’sawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.7．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．StreetArtinAllItsForms B．ANewEnvironmentalInitiativeC．MiniatureStoresforMice D．TheRevivalofaTraditionalArtCDuringaransomware(勒索软件)attack，attackersenteratarget’scomputersystemandencrypt(加密)itsdata.Theythendemandapaymentbeforetheywillfreethesystem.Ransomwareisacollectiveproblem，andsolvingitwillrequirejointactionfromcompanies，theU．S.governmentandinternationalpartners.In2020theFederalBureauofInvestigationreceivedmorethan2,400reportsofransomwareattacks，whichcostvictimsatleast$29million.Thenumbersunderestimatethetotalimpactofransomwarebecausenotallorganizationsarewillingtoreportitwhentheyfallvictimtothiskindofcrime.Eventheselimitedstatistics，however，showtheincreasingfearlessnessofransomwareattackers：thenumberofattacksin2020increasedby20percentcomparedwiththatofthepreviousyear，andtheamountofmoneypaidoutmorethantripled.Aslongasvictimskeeppaying，attackerswillkeepprofitingfromthistypeofattack.Butcybersecurityexpertsaredividedonwhetherthegovernmentshouldprohibitthepayingofransoms.Suchabanwoulddiscourageattackers，butitwouldalsoplacesomeorganizationsinamoraldilemma.Forahospital，unlockingthecomputersystemsasquicklyaspossiblecouldbeamatteroflifeanddeathforpatients，andthefastestoptionmaybetopayup.Othersolutionsaremorestraightforwardandinvolvepushingorganizationstoprotectthemselvesbetter.Cybersecuritydefensesmakeitharderforattackerstoaccesssystems.Segmenting(分割)one’snetworkmeansthatbreakingthroughtoonepartofthesystemdoesnotmakealldataimmediatelyavailable.Andregularbackupsallowacompanytofunctionevenifitsoriginaldataareencrypted.Allthesemeasures，however，requireresourcesthatnotallorganizationshaveaccessto.Meanwhile，ransomwarepeopleareadoptingincreasinglyadvancedtechniques.Someworkforweekstogainentrytoacompany’snetworkandthenentertheirsystem，findingthemostvitaldatatoholdhostage(人质)．Somegroupsdeliberatelycompromiseanorganization’sdatabackups.Otherssellinstructionsandsoftwaretohelpotherattackerslaunchtheirownattacks.Asaresult，securitypersonnelmustengageinaconstantgameofcatandmouse.8．Whatdothenumberslistedinparagraph2mainlytellus?A．Theamountofmoneythatcompaniespaid.B．Theserioussituationsabouttheransomwareattack.C．Thecompaniesthathavebeenattackedbyransomware.D．Theprofitthatattackersgotfromransomware.9．Whatistheattitudeofcybersecurityexpertstoprohibitingthepayingofransoms?A．Favorable.B．Uncaring.C．Mixed.D．Opposed.10．Whatcanweknowfromparagraph4?A．Howattackersenteratarget’scomputersystem.B．Whyweshouldpaymoreattentiontocybersecurity.C．Whichkindofcomputersystemiseasytoattack.D．Whatwecandotodealwithransomwareattacks.11．Whatdoesthelastsentenceinthetextimply?A．Thereisstillalongwaytogoaboutcybersecurity.B．Therewillbeaquicksolutiontoransomwareattacks.C．Ransomwaremakesourcomputersystemsadvanced.D．CybersecuritywillbecomethemostworryingproblemoftheUS.Ⅱ.七选五(★)(2023·新课标Ⅱ)Asanartistwhosharesherjourneyonsocialmedia，I’moftenaskedbycuriousfollowershowtobeginanartjourney.Unfortunately，thereisnomagiclistIcanoffer.Idoremember，though，whatitwasliketobeacompletebeginner.SoI’veputtogethersomegoodtipsforstartinganartjourney.·Startsmall.Isuggestusingasketchbook(素描本)forsmallstudies.Thesesmallstudiesprovideinspirationandmaybeaspringboardformorecomplexworksinthefuture.1You’llwanttolookbackonyourjourneytoseehowfaryou’vecome.·Paintoftenandpaintfromlife.There’snobetterwaytoimprovethantoputinthosebrushmiles.Whetheryoupaintstilllifes，portraits，orlandscapes，paintfromlifeasmuchaspossible.2·Continuallychallengeyourselftotrysomethingnew.3Artisticgrowthcanbeabitpainful.Welcometotheclub；we’veallbeenthere.Ilovetakingonchallenges.Ioncetookupachallengetocreateapaintingeverydayforamonthandposttheworksonline.·4Seekingandacceptingconstructivefeedback(反馈)iscrucialtogrowth.Ipostmyworkonsocialmediaand，inturn，havemetsomeofthekindestpeople.Theymakemefeelvaluedandrespected，nomattermylevelofartisticability.Thejourneyyou’reonwon’tfollowastraightpath.5Pushthrough，giveittimeandputintheeffort.Youwillharvesttherewardsofanartisticlife.A．Getoutofyourcomfortzone.B．Makecareerplansandsetgoals.C．Don’tthrowawayyourbeginnerart.D．Shareyourworkifyoufeelcomfortabledoingso.E．You’llhitroadblocks，andyou’llfeeldiscouragedattimes.F．Evaluateyourperformanceand，ifneeded，redefineyourrole.G．You’lldevelopthatpaintingmusclememorythatonlycomeswithr选择性必修第三册Unit2HealthyLifestyleⅠ.阅读理解A(★)Eatingultra-processed(超加工的)foodsformorethan20%ofyourdailycalorieintakeeverydaycansetyouontheroadtocognitive(认知的)decline，accordingtoanewstudy.Previousstudieshavefoundtheycanraisetheriskofhavingobesity，heartandcirculationproblems，diabetesandcancer.Theymayevenshortenourlives.Now，thenewstudyhasrevealedeatingmoreultra-processedfoodsmaycontributetooverallcognitivedecline，includingtheareasofthebraininvolvedinexecutive(决策的)functioning—theabilitytoprocessinformationandmakedecisions.Infact，menandwomenwhoatethemostultra-processedfoodshada28%fasterrateofglobalcognitivedeclineanda25%fasterrateofexecutivefunctiondeclinecomparedwithpeoplewhoatetheleastamountofoverlyprocessedfood，thenewstudyfound.“Whileinneedoffurtherstudyandreplication，thenewresultsarequiteconvincingandemphasizethecriticalroleforpropernutritioninpreservingandpromotingbrainhealthandreducingriskforbraindiseasesaswegetolder，”saidTanzi，aProfessorofNeurologyatHarvardMedicalSchool.Hewasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Thestudy，presentedonAugust1atthe2022Alzheimer’sAssociationInternationalConferenceinSanDiego，followedover10,000Brazilianswhoseaverageagewas51forupto10years.Justoverhalfofthestudyparticipantswerewomen.Cognitivetesting，whichincludedimmediateanddelayedwordrecall，wordrecognitionandverbalfluency，wereperformedatthebeginningandendofthestudy，andtheparticipantswereinquiredabouttheirdiet.“InBrazil，ultra-processedfoodsmakeup25%to30%ofthetotalcalorieintake.Weeatalotofhamburgers，chocolateandwhitebread.It’snotverydifferent，unfortunately，frommanyotherwesterncountries，”saidco-authorDr.ClaudiaSuemoto，anassistantprofessor.Ultra-processedfoodsaredefinedas“industrialformulationsoffoodsubstances(oils，fats，sugars，starch，andproteinisolates)thatcontainlittleornowholefoodsandtypicallyincludeflavorings，coloringsandotherchemicaladditives”，accordingtothestudy.1．WhatisTanzi’sattitudetowardsthenewstudy?A．Objective.B．Doubtful.C．Ambiguous.D．Disapproving.2．Whatcanweknowaboutthenewstudy?A．Itsparticipantswereover50yearsold.B．Itfollowedtheparticipantsforaperiodoftime.C．Itprovedmenhadafasterrateofcognitivedeclinethanwomen.D．Itfirstfoundultra-processedfoodscouldraisetheriskofobesity.3．Whatweretheparticipantsaskedtodointhestudy?A．Eattheirfavoritefoods.B．Introducetheirdailyroutine.C．Enhancetheirverbalfluency.D．Takeaseriesofcognitivetests.4．Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheSubstancesofUltra-processedFoodsB．TheAppropriateIntakeofUltra-processedFoodsC．CognitiveDeclineLinkedtoUltra-processedFoodsD．Ultra-processedFoodsCausingExecutiveFunctioningLossB(2024·广东广州模拟)Beavers(海狸)，likehumans，changetheirsurroundingstofittheirneeds.Knownasnature’sengineers，theyteartreesdowntobuildhomestoliveinanddamstoraisewaterlevelsforprotectionfromenemies.Damsalsoslowwater’sflowwhileblockingsediment(沉积物)thatwouldotherwiseflowdownstream.Theresultingwetlandsoftenattractwildlifediversitywherenonehadexisted.Therearechallenges，though.Beaverdamssometimescauseflooding，andmostpeopleprefertreesaliveandupright.Communitiesfaceadelicatebalancingact，learningtocoexistwithbeavers.Lastwinter，manypeopleenjoyingWinstonPathbecamebeaverfansasonefurryfamilytransformedSwallowPondintoanoasisforbirds，frogs，turtlesanddeer.Yetsuchactivitycausedconcern.Asbeaversworked，theyraisedwaterlevelsaboutfivefeet.Theincreaseddepthallowsbeaverstosurviveunderwaterifthepondicesover.ButcountyofficialswereconcernedabouthowhigherwaterwouldaffectthesoilbanksupportingWinstonPath.Tofindagoodbalancebetweenprotectingthepathandthebeavers，thecountyintroduceda“beaverbaffle”—apondleveler.Beaversoftenrushtofillholesintheirdams.Bafflesstabilizewaterlevelsbycreatingahiddenexitforhighwatertoescapethroughthedam，unnoticedbythebeavers.Peoplelovethebeaversbuttheyalsolovethematuretrees.Recently，CatherineJones,18，organizedatree-cagingevent—puttingwireclotharoundlargetreetrunkstodiscouragebeaversfrombitingthem.Italsoprotectspeoplefrominjuryduetorandomtreesfalling.“Wecoverthetreeswedon’twantthemtoeat，whileplantingperiodicallyotherstheylike，”saidJones.“WeneedtolearntogiveupalittleofourwantstosharetheEarth’sresources.”SwallowPond’s2023projectwillrestoreproperwaterdepthandimprovewildlifehabitatwithoutcreatingproblemsforthepath.Thebalancingactcontinues.5．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．Wherebeavers’favoritesurroundingsare.B．Whateffectsbeavershaveontheirhabitat.C．Whybeaversarecallednature’sengineers.D．Howbeavershelpattractwildlifediversity.6．Whydidthebeaverfamily’sactivitycauseconcern?A．SwallowPondwouldfloodoften.B．Sedimentwouldflowdownstream.C．Thepopularpathmightbedamaged.D．Beaversmighthavetoliveunderwater.7．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“beaverbaffle”refertoinparagraph4?A．Ablocktokeepbeaversaway. B．Atooltofixholesinthedams.C．Adevicetomaintainwaterlevel. D．Amaterialtoprotectthesoilbank.8．WhatisthethemeofSwallowPond’s2023project?A．Biologicaldiversity. B．Harmoniouscoexistence.C．Preventionofnaturaldisasters. D．Preservationofwildlifehabitat.Ⅱ.完形填空Onthenightofthespeechcontest，Iwasworriedabouttheshygirl.Myheart1whenIknewtheboyonstageprevioustoher，2，wasfairlysuccessfulwithhishumorandpersonalstyle.Thewholeaudienceburstoutawaveof3almostevery30seconds.Mypalms(手掌)beganto4.Itwasthefirsttimethatshehadbeenonthestage，soIcouldn’tblameherforany5.Thestrongspotlightmadehersoinsignificantthatnobody6shehadbeenonthestage.Butthemomentthat7meoccurred.Iclearlyhearda8voice，“Now，your9，please！”Thewholeaudiencefellquiet.Smallandthinasthegirlappeared，the10lookonherfaceinstantlycaughteveryone’seyes.Thenherspeechwason，logicalandwell-organized.Wordsofpower11freelyoutofthegirllikemagic.Whenherspeech12，athunderousapplausesoundedfromtheaudience.Whenthecompetitionwasconcluding，allofuswaited13forthewinner’snametobecalled.Tearsofjoy14myvisionwhenthehostannouncedshewonfirstprize.Holdingthemedaltightly，shegavemeabrilliantsmile.I15herintomyarms，tooexcitedtosayanywords.1．A.beat B．sank C．lost D．broke2．A.sureenough B．worsestill C．aboveall D．inaddition3．A.crying B．warning C．clapping D．screaming4．A.sweat B．tremble C．change D．turn5．A.try B．pose C．guess D．slip6．A.thought B．admitted C．ignored D．noticed7．A.confused B．interested C．surprised D．challenged8．A.loud B．weak C．tight D．low9．A.support B．attention C．vote D．silence10．A.determined B．puzzled C．relaxed D．bored11．A.crowded B．hurried C．bounced D．flowed12．A.started B．ended C．progressed D．rested13．A.sincerely B．easily C．wildly D．eagerly14．A.misted B．hid C．prevented D．shaded15．A.pushed B．threw C．pulled D．liftedⅢ.语法填空It’seasytogetoverwhelmedwhenyouhavealotonyourplate.Betweenwork1.(responsibility)andpersonalobligations，lifecangetstressful.It’seven2.(bad)whenyouforgetsomethingimportant.Bycreatingorganizedto-dolists，youcanprioritizethethingsyouneedtodo，keeptrackof3.stillneedstobecompleted，andfeelproductiveandpreparedinallareasofyourlife.Listallofthetasksthatyouneed4.(accomplish)．Thesecanrangefrom“finishthepresentationforworknextweek”5.“findapresentforMom’sbirthdaynextmonth”．Thensortyourmasterlistintocategories.Bycreatingseparatelists，youcan6.(complete)focusyourattentionandenergyononesetoftasksat7.time.Next，makeyourlistaesthetically-pleasing(赏心悦目的)．Thismaysoundsuperficialand8.(necessary)，butitreallycanhelpchangethewayyoulookatyourto-dolist.Makeyourto-dolistsforthecurrentdayonly.Keepitsimple!Thiswillhelpyouorganizeyourtasksinorderofpriority，andyouwon’tfeeloverwhelmedwhile9.(look)aheadattasksfortomorrow，nextweek，ornextmonth.Berealisticaboutwhatcan10.(finish)in24hours.Yourdailyto-dolistsshouldhavelessthantenthings，andmaybeevenlessthanfive.选择性必修第三册Unit3EnvironmentalProtectionⅠ.阅读理解A(2023·新课标Ⅱ，A)YellowstoneNationalParkoffersavarietyofrangerprogramsthroughoutthepark，andthroughouttheyear.Thefollowingaredescriptionsoftherangerprogramsthissummer.ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone(May26toSeptember2)Whetheryou’rehikingabackcountrytrail(小径)，camping，orjustenjoyingthepark’samazingwildlifefromtheroad，thisquickworkshopisforyouandyourfamily.Learnwheretolookforanimalsandhowtosafelyenjoyyourwildlifewatchingexperience.MeetattheCanyonVillageStore.JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics(June5toAugust21)KidscantesttheirskillsandcomparetheirabilitiestotheanimalsofYellowstone.Stayforaslittleoraslongasyourplansallow.MeetinfrontoftheVisitorEducationCenter.CanyonTalksatArtistPoint(June9toSeptember2)Fromaclassicviewpoint，enjoyLowerFalls，theYellowstoneRiver，andthebreathtakingcolorsofthecanyon(峡谷)whilelearningaboutthearea’snaturalandhumanhistory.Discoverwhyartistsandphotographerscontinuetobedrawntothisspecialplace.MeetonthelowerplatformatArtistPointontheSouthRimDriveforthisshorttalk.PhotographyWorkshops(June19&July10)Enhanceyourphotographyskills—joinYellowstone’sparkphotographerforahands-onprogramtoinspirenewandcreativewaysofenjoyingthebeautyandwonderofYellowstone.6/19—Waterfalls&WideAngles：meetatArtistPoint.7/10—Wildflowers&WhiteBalance：meetatWashburnTrailheadinChittendenparkingarea.1．Whichofthefourprogramsbeginstheearliest?A．PhotographyWorkshops. B．JuniorRangerWildlifeOlympics.C．CanyonTalksatArtistPoint. D．ExperiencingWildlifeinYellowstone.2．WhatistheshorttalkatArtistPointabout?A．Worksoffamousartists. B．Protectionofwildanimals.C．Basicphotographyskills. D．Historyofthecanyonarea.3．WherewilltheparticipantsmeetfortheJuly10photographyworkshop?A．ArtistPoint. B．WashburnTrailhead.C．CanyonVillageStore. D．VisitorEducationCenter.B(★)MoranworksattheCaliforniaAcademyofSciences，whichiscappedby2.5acresoflivingroofwherenearly1.7millionplants，insectsandbirdsflourish.Thebuildinghasbeenpainstakinglydesignedtobeamongoneofthemostenvironment-friendlyintheworld.Solarpanelsthatsurroundthelivingroofprovide5%ofthebuilding’senergy，whilewaterflowingthroughpipesinthebathroomsalsogeneratespower.Automaticskylightsopenandclosetohelpregulatethetemperatureinsidethebuildingwhilenaturalsunlightisusedtolightthebuildingasmuchaspossible.Duringhis15yearsattheacademy(研究院)，Moranhashelpeddesign，buildandnowmaintainthebuilding’sgreensystems.Constructingnewenvironment-friendlybuildingsliketheoneMoranworksinisexpectedtogeneratemorethan6.5millionjobsby2030，accordingtopredictionsbytheInternationalLaborOrganization.Nexttoenergy，itwillbethesecondfastestgrowingsectorforgreenjobsinthecomingdecades.Thisjobsgrowthcomesfromagrowingneedforbuildingsthatcandealwithmultipleproblems：meetingtoughclimate-changetargets；risingenergycosts，watershortagesandanincreasedriskofextremeweatherconditions.Thisisdrivingamovementknownasgreenbuilding.In2000，just41newconstructionprojectswereofficiallyratedasgreenbuildingsintheUS.Lastyear，thatfigurehadgrowntomorethan65,000.Elsewhereintheworldtherehavebeensimilarincreasesanditisatrendthatisexpectedtocontinue.InChinathegovernmenthassetanambitiousgoalaspartofitsfive-yearplanthatrequires50%ofallnewurbanbuildingstobegreencertified.Moranseesgreenbuildingasrequiringnewskillsthathavenotfeaturedmuchinthebuildingsectorinthepast.“Ittakesadifferentskillsettolookafteralivingroofcomparedtonormallandscaping，”hesays.“Youneedtounderstandtheenvironment，howthedirectionofthesunandwindwillaffectit.Butwearealsoseeingtechnologybeingintegratedintoeverything.”4．Howwasthebuildingoftheacademyplanned?A．Rigidly.B．Effortlessly.C．Thoroughly.D．Strategically.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph2referto?A．Constructingnewbuildings. B．Generatingmorejobs.C．Thegrowingneedforhouses. D．TheInternationalLaborOrganization.6．Whydomanycountriesbegintoconstructgreenbuildings?A．Todevelopalargemarket. B．Tosatisfyhumans’ambitions.C．Tosolvedifferentchallenges. D．Tocontrolthenewmovement.7．WhatdoesMoranpossiblythinkofhispresentjob?A．Challenging.B．Risky.C．Traditional.D．Urgent.C(★)LatinAmerica’sfirstrenewablefuel-powered，garbage-trappingwheeliscleaningoneofPanama’sdirtiestrivers.Itispoweredbywaterandsolarenergy.ItpullswasteoutoftheJuanDiazRiver.MostofthewastecomesfromthecapitalareaofPanamaCitywhereabout2millionpeoplelive.Thousandsofkilogramsofgarbageflowdowntheriverintotheoceaneachyear.Astheleaderoftheproject，RobertGetmansaid，“Cleaningbeachesisgood，butitismoreeffectiveandcheapertotrapgarbageinriversbecausewhenitreachestheocean，theenvironmentalandeconomiccostbecomestoohigh.”TheJuanDiazRiverisoneofthemostpollutedinPanama.Wastesystemsintheareaarepoor，andlanddevelopmentisnotwellsupervised(监督)．TheriveralsopassesthroughPanamaCity，oneofCentralAmerica’slargestcities.Still，thewaterwayanditsmangrovetreesarehometowildlifeliketurtlesandbirds.Accordingtothissituation，theenvironmentalgroupMareaVerdelaunchedthewheelinlateSeptember，whichisnamedWandaDiaz.BythemiddleofOctober，ithadgathered28.6cubicmetersofplasticbottlesfromthewater.Overfiveyears，MareaVerdeprojectshaveslowedthespreadofwastealongtheJuanDiazRiverandotherPanama’srivers.Severalyearsago，thegrouplaunchedits“BarrierorTrash”technology，afloatingdevice.Itcapturedmorethan100metrictonsofwasteintheMatiasHernandezRiverwithintwoyears.TheBaltimoreBay“Trashwheel”intheUnitedStatesisthemodelforMareaVerde’smachine，WandaDiaz.However，WandaDiazismoreadvancedandsuperiorintermsoftechnology，anditevenhascameraswithartificialintelligence(AI)thatcanrecognizeandsortdifferentplastics.“WewanteachofustoraiseawarenessthatwecanpreventthedeathoftheJuanDiazRiver，”saidMareaVerde’sleaderSandyWatemberg.Sheexpressedherhopethatthewheelwouldalsohelpmanymoreotherrivers.Butshealsopointedoutthatthosewhoaccustomedthemselvestosingle-useplasticsneededtorethinktheirbehavior.8．Whichwordsbestdescribethegarbage-trappingwheel?A．Greenandpractical. B．Effectivebutcostly.C．Renewableandsimple. D．Powerfulbutenergy-wasting.9．Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph3?A．GreatdamagetoPanamaCity.B．TheimportanceoftheJuanDiazRiver.C．Measurestakentobattlewildlifekilling.D．ThebackgroundinformationofMareaVerdeprojects.10．WhatcanwelearnaboutWandaDiaz?A．IthasAItobreakdownplastics. B．Itisthemodelfor“Trashwheel”．C．IthasAIcamerastoremoveplastics.D．Itisanupdatedversionof“Trashwheel”．11．WhatmessagedoesSandyWatembergseemtoconvey?A．Peopleshouldnotuseplasticsanymore.B．Thedeathoftheriverisunpreventable.C．Humans’livinghabitsmatterinriverprotection.D．Riverprotectionhasreceivedtheattentionofall.Ⅱ.七选五Bruceisamanagerwhohadateamofaround40people.Mostofthemwerebright，enthusiastic，andhardworkingyoungfellows.Thishelpstopromotetheirindependence.1Butasateam，theyarenotsogood，whichiscrucialfortheorganization.2Heinvitedeveryonetoahallforagameconsistingof3rounds.Forthefirstround，hetoldeveryonetoblowaballoonkeptonthetableandthenwritetheirnameonitwithoutburstingit，andeachofthemdidit.Thentheytookabreakoutsideforthesecondround.Soonafterhecalledthembackin，withmoreballoonsscatteredaroundwithoutnamesonthem.Hedeclaredthattheyhad15minutestofindtheballoonwiththeirnamewrittenonit.3Forthenextround，Brucetoldthemifanyteammemberfoundaballoonwithanameonit，heorshehadtogiveittotheownerofthename.Allstartedsearching，andwithinacoupleofminuteseveryonehadtheirownballoonwiththeirnameonit.Brucewenttothedaisandsaid，“Yousee，inthesecondround，noone