Unit1ScienceFictionReviewofthepassivevoice谓语动词被动语态课件高中英语人教版选择性

Unit1ScienceFiction

Reviewofthepassivevoicereviewthe

verb

inflection

of

passive

voice

in

different

tensesusepassive

voice

appropriately

according

to

specific

situationsLearningObjectivese7d195523061f1c03a90ee8e42cb24248e56383cd534985688F9F494128731F165EE95AB4B0C0A38076AAEA07667B1565C446FC45FF01DFB0E885BCDBDF3A284F3DB14DA61DD97F0BAB2E6C668FB4931B99D40B68E3E163A3A4B4FF9E05F32600ADA91C98B4F08D1B805A2C545E5A028E2D477D6D81307A6D0037F75070707DD2AC68F0968EA62A7Readthesentencescarefullyandpayattentiontotheunderlinedpart.ItwasgoingtobetestedoutbyLarry'swife,Claire.Nowshewasbeinglookedafterbyarobotthatlookedsohuman,anditwasdisturbing.Ashewasnotallowed

toaccompanyhertotheshops...Tonyexpectedthatthehouse,whichwasbeingcompletelytransformed,...Thesaleswomantherewasrudetoher,sosherangTonyandtoldhimshewasbeingtreatedbadly.划线部分都用到了

语态。被动Partone被动语态定义e7d195523061f1c03a90ee8e42cb24248e56383cd534985688F9F494128731F165EE95AB4B0C0A38076AAEA07667B1565C446FC45FF01DFB0E885BCDBDF3A284F3DB14DA61DD97F0BAB2E6C668FB4931E9A796289BAAC00412770D385B06F0DB63D7B50559E58145CCA680AA8E90D6DC673D2B5E436AA2CAC83B1CBDD11021E03F17FC35CB3FF0B2B8C9E9B03B82D466英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，其构成形式：be＋过去分词。在被动语态中，常在by后跟动作的执行者。

Thedefinitionofthepassivevoice

什么时候使用被动语态？Sugarcaneisgrown

inthesouth.ThesongTheEastisRed

waswrittenbyapoorpeasant(农民).1.不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。2.强调动作的承受者。Margaretwasgiven

somebadadviceaboutselectingcourses.3.出于礼貌，不愿意说出动作执行者。4.广播、广告、新闻、标题中。SatisfactionGuaranteed/Manwanted.Parttwo被动语态的形式各个时态的被动语态构成(下表中以动词do为例)时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/does一般过去时did一般将来时willdoam/is/aregoingtodo现在进行时am/is/aredoing过去进行时was/weredoing过去将来时woulddo现在完成时have/hasdone过去完成时haddone将来完成时will/shallhavedoneam/is/aredonewas/weredonewillbedoneam/is/aregoingtobedoneam/is/arebeingdonewouldbedonewas/werebeingdonehave/hasbeendonehadbeendonewill/shallhavebeendone（2022·全国I卷）Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP____________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”句意：在三年的试验期后，GPNP将在明年被正式建立起来。GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，维护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语TheGPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故design应用一般现在时的被动语态结构，主语为单数形式，谓语也要用第三人称单数形式。故填isdesigned。isdesigned（2017·天津）Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,___________(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.（2023·天津）Thewoodentowerthat________________

(restore)willbeopentotouristssoon,andtheworkisalmostfinished.（2021·天津）Currently,about35,000works_______________(display)inover300roomsintheLouvre,anditwouldtakealifetimetoseeeverything.（2021全国甲卷）It

(build)originallytoprotectthecityintheTangDynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored(修复).isregardedisbeingrestoredarebeingdisplayedwasbuiltalongwith连接的三个动名词做主语，谓语动词就远原则

Itsohappenedthatmymobilephone

(repair)whenyoucalledmeyesterday.Wewenttothesupermarkettodosomeshopping.onlytobetoldthatit__________________(decorate).Look!Thepolice

(search)thewoodsnowandsurelythethief

(catch)verysoon.Afund

(setup)forhomelesschildreninthreedays.Thesportsmeetingthatthestudentsarelookingforwardto__________________________(hold)thedayaftertomorrow.wasbeingrepairedaresearchingwillbecaughtwillbesetupwillbeheld/isgoingtobeheldwasbeingdecorated（2020·全国III卷）Theartistwassurehewould__________(choose),butwhenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperor’schiefminister,theoldnanlaughed.Inthepasttwentyyears,alotofancientbuildings___________________(destroy).Uptillnow,nonews_____________(hear)ofthemissingpeopleintheflood.Sofar,allthehomelesspeople_____________(give)foodandshelter.bechosenhavebeendestroyedhasbeenheardhavebeengivenMorethan5,000usedbikes

(collect)sincethetwobrotherssetuptheorganisation.Thissong________________(teach)ontheradiomanytimes,sonowIcansingitverywell.Inthelastfewyears,alotofteachingequipment__________________(produce)inthefactory.havebeencollectedhasbeentaughthasbeenproducedMorethan5,000usedbikes

(collect)sincethetwobrotherssetuptheorganisation.Thissong________________(teach)ontheradiomanytimes,sonowIcansingitverywell.Inthelastfewyears,alotofteachingequipment__________________(produce)inthefactory.havebeencollectedhasbeentaughthasbeenproduced

现在完成时的被动语态常和以下词或短语连用：already:已经

(多用在肯定句)

yet:已经

(多用在否定句和疑问句)just:刚才

ever:曾经never:从未

before:以前today:今天now:现在

since:从…以来次数

sofar=upto/till/untilnow:到目前为止inrecentdays/weeks/months/years:

在最近几天/周/月/年

现在完成时的被动语态常和以下词或短语连用：recently=lately=oflate:最近

(recently有时也用于一般过去时)for+一段时间:表示动作或者状态持续了多长时间。

句子中不能有具体

的过去时间。

in/over/for/duringthelast/past…:

在过去的多少时间里

Iwassenttothevillagelastmonthtoseehowthedevelopmentplan

(carry)outinthepasttwoyears.Johnhadtolethiscarrepairedinagaragebecauseit__________________(damage)seriously.Whentheycameoutofthemall,theydiscoveredthattheirnewcar________________(steal).（2021·天津）Markisagenius.Bythetimehegraduated,he_______________(offer)jobsbyadozencomputercompanies.hadbeencarriedhadbeendamagedhadbeenstolenhadbeenofferedOver2,000words________________(learn)bythestudents

bytheendoflastterm.hadbeenlearnedTworeports_______________(write)byHenrybeforehelefttheoffice.hadbeenwritten过去完成时常和以下时间短语连用：

by/before/bytheendof+过去时间…earlier/before(多少时间前)longbefore(很久以前;老早;早就)一个句子有两个过去动作时,先发生的动作用过去完成时,后发生的动作用一般过去时。ItisthefirsttimethatI

(invite)toattendsuchameeting.Itwasthefirsttimethatmydaughter_____________(ask)tosinginpublicandshewasabitnervous.hadbeeninvitedhadbeenasked固定句型。“这是某人第…次做某事”Itisthefirst/secondtimethatsbhas/havedonesth.Itwasthefirst/secondtimethatsbhaddonesth.get＋过去分词,也可以表示被动含义这种结构多用于口语中，强调动作的结果，动作的执行者一般不表示出来。getmarried

结婚getengaged

订婚getlost

迷路getdrunk

喝醉了getdressed

穿好衣服getcaught/stuck

被困gethurt/wounded

受伤带情态动词的被动语态:由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成e.g.Theproblemmay__________inanumberofdifferentways.Inourschool,librarybooksmust__________

intwoweeks.besolved

bereturned

efficientmeasuresmust__________(take)toprotectthewildanimalsfrombeingkilledillegally.Itisstronglyrecommendedthatthedate__________________(advance)bytwodays.Thecommitteeurgedthatameeting________________(hold)bytheweekendtodiscusstheproblem.(should)beadvanced(should)beheldbetaken在一些固定句型中常用被动语态Itissaidthat…Itisreportedthat…Itishopedthat…Itiswellknownthat…Itisbelievedthat…Itmustbepointedoutthat…据说…据报道…人们希望…众所周知…人们相信…必须指出的是…Partthree被动语态的特殊情况接双宾语的动词变被动语态

例：He

gave

her

some

money.

She

was

given

some

money.

Some

money

was

given

to

her.带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般把“人”提前作主语；将“物”提前则要在“人”的前面加to

或for。bringhand,pass,offer,lend,read,send,show,teach,write等双宾语易位时需借助介词to的常用动词buy,cook,choose,make,prepare，sing，pick(采摘)fetch（取来，拿来）,spare(留出，抽出，匀出)双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用动词练习：变为被动语态Myfatheristellingmeaninterestingstorynow.→Aninterestingstory___________________bymyfathernow.→I________________aninterestingstorybymyfathernow.isbeingtoldtomeambeingtold

Mymotherwillbuymeacoatnextweek.→

I_________________________________nextweek.→

Acoat____________________________________nextweek.willbebought

forme(bymymother)willbeboughtacoat(bymymother)接复合结构的动词变被动语态当动词后有复合宾语(宾语+宾补)，应将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语保留不动(此时宾语补足语变为主语补足语)。Weelectedhimourmonitor.Hewaselectedourmonitorbyus.我们选他当我们的班长。练习：变为被动语态Thepolicecaughtthethiefstealing.→Thethiefwascaughtstealing.Wesawhimsittingtherewithoutdoinganything.→Hewasseensittingtherewithoutdoinganything.Hiswordsmademethrowup.→Iwasmadetothrowupbyhiswords.他的话令我作呕。注意：make,let,see,watch，hear，notice等词在主动句中动词不带to,但在被动句中要带toPartfour主动表被动当系动词feel，smell,sound，look,taste,prove等后接形容词作表语，用主动形式表示被动意义。Theflowerssmellsweet.Thefoodtastesgood.Translate.﹡这首歌听起来真不错。﹡这件衣服摸起来真滑。﹡他的话证明是对的。Thesongsoundsgreat.Theclothesfeelssmooth.Whathesays

provesright.表示主语的某种属性特征或功能的动词，如read，write，sell，wash，clean，cook，draw等，常与well，easily，smoothly等副词连用，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物。Thepenwritessmoothly.Theplayreadsmoreeasilythanacts.Translate.﹡这件大衣很容易干。﹡这支蜡烛燃烧得很快。﹡这扇门锁得很紧。Thiscoatdrieseasily.Thiscandle

burnsfast.Thisdoor

lockstightly.在need,want,require,deserve等词后用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，也可用不定式的被动形式。Thematterneedslookinginto.→Thematterneeds________________.need/require/deserve/wantdoing=need/require/deserve/wanttobedonetobelookedintoopen，close，lock，move，keep等动词常与won’t，can’t，wouldn’t连用。Nomatterwhathedidtothedoor，itwouldn’topen.不论他怎么对付这个门，它就是打不开。beworth后接动名词的主动式表示被动意义。Hissuggestionisnotworthconsidering.→Hissuggestionisnot______________________.→Hissuggestionisnot________________________.beworthdoing=beworthytobedone=beworthyofbeingdoneworthytobeconsideredworthyofbeingconsidered不定式用主动表被动的几种形式①不定式tolet(出租)、toblame用作表语时Thehouseistolet.此屋出租。Nobodywastoblamefortheaccident.这次事故，不能责怪任何人。②在“too...to...”和enoughto结构中Theboxwastooheavytolift.箱子太重，提不起来。Istheriverdeepenoughtoswimin这条河里的水深足够游泳吗？③在某些“be＋形容词＋todo”结构中Thequestionisverydifficulttoanswer.这个问题很难回答。Thewaterinthewellisn'tfittodrink.这口井里的水不适合饮用。[温馨提示]这类形容词主要有hard、easy、funny、fit、important、impossible、strange、difficult等。不定式用主动表被动的几种形式④在havesthtodo结构中Obviouslyyouhavenothingtodotonight.很明显你今晚没什么事做。(todo是由you发出的)[温馨提示]在havesthtodo结构中，不定式既与前面的sth构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。⑤在withsthtodo结构中Withalotofworktodo,Tomcan'tgoouttoplay.有许多工作要做，汤姆不能出去玩了。不定式用主动表被动的几种形式Partfive无被动语态的情况1.某些及物动词和动词短语无被动语态：have有；cost花费；lack缺少；suit适合；belongto属于；sufferfrom遭受；datefrom/backto追溯到；consistof由…组成；takepartin参加。IboughtabookfromXinhuabookshop，whichcost15yuan.我从新华书店买了一本书，花了15元。Lionsandtigersbelongtothecatfamily.狮子和老虎属于猫科。2.不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。常见的有：happen/takeplace/occur发生；remain剩下；breakout爆发；last持续；comeout出版；comeup被提出；loseheart失去信心；runout用完。Anaccidenthappenedontheroadlastnightandfivepeoplewerekilled.昨晚这条路上发生了一起意外事故，五个人遇难。Abigfirebrokeoutinthearealastweek.上周那个地区发生了一场大火。Thislistoffactorsneeds____________________(adapt)dependingonthedecisionyou’remaking.Ifathingisworthyof___________(do),itisworth

_______(do)well.Thisbook________(read)moreeas