（中考英语语法）语法专题三 介词【考点精讲精练】-2023年中考语法一点通（学生版）

（中考英语语法）语法专题三介词【考点精讲精练】-2023年中考语法一点通（学生版）（中考英语语法）语法专题三介词【考点精讲精练】-2023年中考语法一点通（学生版）/（中考英语语法）语法专题三介词【考点精讲精练】-2023年中考语法一点通（学生版）语法专题三、介词(常考)考点考点精讲考点1时间介词in,after,later表示时间的区别in＋时间段,用于将来时,表示"过……后”.Hewillcomebackinanhour.after＋一段时间,用于过去时,表示"在……以后”.Afteranhour,hecameback.after＋时间点,用于将来时,表示"在……以后”.Hewillcomebackafter5o'clock.时间段＋later,常用于过去时,表示"在……之后”.Anhourlater,hecameback.in,on,at表示时间的区别in主要表达年、月、季节、年代、世纪;泛指上午、下午、晚上.inspring在春天inFebruary在二月inthe21stcentury在21世纪Wehavefourlessonsinthemorning.我们上午有四节课.on主要表示星期、日期或具体的某一天;特指具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上用on.onMonday在星期一onMay1st在五月一号onLaborDay在劳动节WehavetwolessonsonFridayafternoon.我们周五下午有两节课.at表示某一时刻,用于具体时间点前,或正午和午夜前.at7：00在七点atnoon在正午atnight在晚上/在午夜Westartclassesateighto’clockeverymorning.(注意every,this,last,next前不加介词)我们每天早上八点上课.(2021·北京市·历年真题)SpaceDayofChinafalls______April24theveryyear.A.on B.by C.at D.infor,since表示时间的区别(现在完成时的标志词)for＋时间段Ihavelivedherefor10years.我已经住在这里十年了.since＋时间点/ago短语/一般过去时的从句Ihavelivedheresince2013.自从2013年我就住在这里.Ihavelivedheresince10yearsago.自从十年前我就住在这里.IhavelivedheresinceImovedherein2013.自从2013年我搬过来就住在这里.after,before表示时间的区别after"在……之后”,接时间点,与将来时连用;接时间段,与过去时连用.Hewillcomebackafter5o'clock.他五点之后会回来.Afteranhour,hecameback.一小时以后,他回来了.before"在……之前”,只接时间点,而不能接一段时间,可用于多种时态.Pleaseturnoffthelightsbeforeteno’clock.请十点前关灯.Iwillcomebackbeforefiveo’clock.我会在五点之前回来.其他时间介词during"在……期间”,与表示特定一段时间的名词短语连用.Thecolorsoftherockcanchangeduringdifferentperiodsintheday.在一天的不同时段内,岩石的颜色会变化.until/till"直到”,在肯定句中,谓语动词用延续性动词;在否定句中,谓语动词多是非延续性动词,意为"直到……才……”Iwaiteduntilitgotdark.我一直等到天黑了.Ididn’tgotobeduntilmyparentscamebacklastnight.昨晚我一直等到我父母回来才睡觉.考点2方位介词through,across表示"穿过”时的区别through介词,纵穿(从空间穿过).Thesoldierswentthroughtheforest.across介词,横穿(横过某个平面).Heiswalkingacrossthestreet.【拓展】cross动词,横穿(横过某个平面).＝Heiscrossingthestreet.(2022·云南省·单元测试)—Look,thereisacutebird,Mom.—Itflewintoourkitchen______thewindowjustnow,Alex.A.across B.through C.above D.underamong,between"在……之间”的区别among在(三者或三者以上)之间;Damingisthetallestamongtheboys.大明是男生里最高的.between在(两者)之间.常用词组：between…and…ShesatbetweenLilyandLucy.她坐在了莉莉和露西的中间.③in,on,to表方位关系时的区别in表示在范围之内(属于该范围);on表示与某一地区接壤;to/off表示隔海相望.GuangdongisinthesouthofChina.(广东属于中国)GuangdongisonthesouthofHunan.(广东不属于湖南,但与湖南是毗邻关系)JapanistotheeastofChina.(日本不属于中国,而且隔海相望)④表方位的介词on,in,behind,after之间的区别on表示在某人、某物的左边或右边JimsitsonmyrightandTomsitonmyleft.吉姆坐在我右边,汤姆坐在我左边.in用来表示在第几排;IsitinRow5.我坐在第五排.behind用来表示"在……后面”;LiLeisitsbehindme.李雷坐在我后面.after"在……之后/后面”,表方位时强调顺序Boyswalkaftergirls.男生走在女生后面.考点3：其他介词的用法except"除去”,表示不包括后面所提到的人或物在内的.Nobodywaslateexceptme.除了我,没有人迟到.(没迟到的同学中不包括我,即只有我迟到了)besides"除……以外还有”,表示包括后面所提到的人或物在内的.Tonywasalsolatebesidesme.除了我,Tony也迟到了.(迟到的同学中包括我,我和Tony都迟到了)beside"在……旁边”Comeandsitbesideme.过来坐在我旁边.(2019·河北省邯郸市·月考试卷)Alltheworkerswenthomeyesterday______Mr.Wang.Becausehewasonduty.A.except B.besides C.exceptfor D.beside表示方式时with,in,by的区别with介词,表示"用(工具)”.Wewalkwithourfeet.我们用脚走路.in介词,表示"用(材料、语言、声音)”.CanyousayitinEnglish?你可以用英语说它吗?by介词,表示"以……方式、方法、手段”,或表交通工具.Igotoschoolbybike.我骑自行车上学.from和介词tofrom"来自”;"根据,从……来看”;"从……时间/地点”to"到,往,去”;"到……时间/地点”from…to…"从……到……”,表示时间或地点WegotoschoolfromMondaytoFriday.从周一到周五我们上学.PleasegetonthetrainfromBeijingtoShanghai.请上从北京到上海的火车.考点4介词短语agreewith同意arriveat/in到达atonce立刻atthesametime同时attheageof在…岁时beangrywith升…的气begoodat/dowellin擅长于beinterestedin对…感兴趣belatefor迟到bestrictwith对…严格bytheway顺便说onone’swayto…在…的路上bymistake错误地catchupwith赶上cheerup使…高兴comeupwith提出dependon依靠bedifferentfrom与…不同falloff掉下来getalongwith与…相处hearof听说hearfrom收到…来信helpwith帮助inpublic在公共场合introuble处于困境中insurprise惊奇地intime及时learnfrom向…学习laughat嘲笑makefriendswith与…交朋友onfoot步行regardas把…当作toone’ssurprise使…惊奇的是withasmile微笑着【辨析】onthewall紧贴在墙表面上的,"在墙上”.inthewall镶嵌在墙里的,"在墙上”.ThereisamapofChinaonthewall.墙上有张中国地图.(地图是贴上去的)Thereisabigholeinthewall.墙上有个大洞.(洞是墙本身里的)onthetree长在树上的果、叶等,"在树上”.inthetree外来的东西,"在树上”.Therearemanyapplesonthetree.树上有很多苹果.(苹果长在树上用on)Therearemanybirdsinthetree.树上有很多鸟.(鸟外来的在树上用in)with的意思是"有”,表示伴随;without的意思是"没有”.Iliveinabighousewithagarden.我住在带有花园的一座大房子里.IliveinasmallflatwithoutaTV.我住在一个没有电视的小公寓里.④infrontof在……的前面(物体外面的前面).inthefrontof在…的前部(物体里面的前面).Thereisatreeinfrontoftheclassroom.教室前有棵树.(树在教室外面)Thereisablackboardinthefrontoftheclassroom.教室前有块黑板.(黑板在教室里面)考点5介词的语法功能介词作为虚词,不能单独充当句子成分,后面必须接名词、代词、动名词、短语,才能充当句子成分.特别注意介词后面不能接动词原形,必须变成动名词形式v-ing,这个考点在初中阶段或中考中都很常见,通常和非谓语动词一起考查.Thankyoufor

(tell)meaboutthedifferentfestivalsintheworld.Iamlookingforwardto______(go)backtomyhometown.(这里的to是介词)考点精练考点精练中考语法—介词专项练习(共计50小题,每小题2分,总分100分.)SpaceDayofChinafalls______April24theveryyear.A.on B.by C.at D.inWelcometoourstore.Wehaveskirts______allcolors______￥16each.A.at;in B.in;for C.at;at D.in;inWehaveageographylesson______threeo'clock______Thursdayafternoon.A.at;

in B.in;

in C.on;

on D.at;

onYou'dbetternothangoutafterschool______tellingyourparents.Theymayworryaboutyou.A.by B.with C.without D.afterMoreandmoreyoungpeoplegoskating

winter.A.at B.in C.on D.toHappybirthday,Peter!

Here'sa

gift

​​​​​​​you.A.for B.in C.with D.fromWeplantedsomeflowers______thegardenyesterday.A.on B.to C.in D.of—Look,thereisacutebird,Mom.—Itflewintoourkitchen______thewindowjustnow,Alex.A.across B.through C.above D.under—Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmewherethenearestrestroomis?—Go______thehallwayandturnleft,it'sacross______theteachers'office.A.along;from B.to;of C.down;toDon'tuseyourmobilephonewhenyougo_________theroad.It'sdangerous.A.through B.over C.into D.acrossThechildrenhereimprovetheirEnglish______listeningandspeakingeveryday.A.on B.through C.with D.byTheywentclimbing

themorningofMay1andcameback

theafternoon.A.on;on B.in;in C.on;in D.in;on—Oh,mygod!I'veleftmykeysintheroom.I'llhavetogetin______thewindow．—It'sdangerous.You'dbetterwaitforyourmomtocomeback.A.past B.over C.across D.through—Howlonghaveyoulivedinthenewflat?—________2010.A.In B.After C.Since D.BeforeMoYan’sbooksareverypopular.Youcanfindtheyareonsalemanylanguages.A.in B.to C.with D.atWiththeteachers'help,IhaverealizedI'mnotthecenter

theworldandlearnedtoputmyselfinothers'shoes.A.of B.by C.up D.underLucy

lived

in

Beijing

from

2008____________

2012．A.on B.to C.at D.ofIt

is

great______us

to

get

so

many

favourite

books

on

International

Children's

Book

Day.A.to B.with C.Of D.forOur

class

are

much

sure

to

win

the

basketball

game______Class

Three.A.of B.in C.against D.fromHis

opinions

are

similar

_____

yours

but

different_____

Julia's．A.to;

from B.from;

to C.as;

with D.with;

asIt'sverynice______picturesforme.A.ofyoutodraw B.foryoutodraw C.foryoudrawing D.ofyoudrawingIwanttolearnasecondforeignlanguage______English.A.except B.beside C.besides D.exceptforThehigh-speedtrain______QingdaoandBeijingtravelsfasternow.Thetrainridetakesonlyaboutthreehours.A.from B.among C.in D.between​RobertHuntsometimesadvisesthestudents____commonproblems.A.in B.about C.with D.forArecentstudyinAustraliashowsthatparentsare

thetopfiveworld'shardestjobs.A.between B.among C.from D.aboveCouldyoupleasegivemea

hand?Ican'tcompletethetaskontime

yourhelp.A.without B.under C.with D.forTaiwanispartofChina.Itis

​​​​​​​

thesoutheastofourcountry.A.to B.on C.in D.atMymothergetsup________fiveo'clockeverymorningtocookbreakfastforme.A.on B.at C.in D.forThereisgoingtobeanEnglishmovieinourschool______theeveningofJune30.A.at B.in C.for D.on—HaveyouheardofthenewsaboutYuanLongping?—Yes.It'sreportedthathepassedaway______theageof91yesterday.A.at B.in C.onNohurry.Thebuswillarrive_______tenminutes.A.at B.for C.in D.byMariaisleavingforFrancesoonbyair.Shewillarrive

​​​​​​​Paris

themorningofAugust

8th.A.at;in B.in;on C.in;in D.at;onLook!Theyounggirlisdressingup______anoldwoman______ablackcoat.A.as;in B.as;of C.in;as D.in;of—Howdoyouusuallygotowork?—Iusuallygotowork_______car,butsometimes_______foot.A.by;by B.on;on C.on;by D.by;onAlltheworkerswenthomeyesterday______Mr.Wang.Becausehewasonduty.A.except B.besides C.exceptfor D.besideYourpaintingisnice_____thedarkcolour.A.except B.besides C.exceptfor D.butIt'swrong______you______thedisabledpeople.​A.for;tolaugh B.of;tolaughC.of;tolaughat D.for;tolaughat—I

don't

think

I

can

work_____

the

math

problem．—Think

hard,and

you

can

come

up

_____

the

answer．A.on;

to B.out;

with C.at;

with D.on;

for—It’sverykind_____youtohelpmewithmyhousework.

—Don’tmentionit.Iregardyou____myfamilymember.A.for;of B.for;as C.of;of D.of;asThe

old

woman

looked

at

me

______

surprise．A.in B.to C.with D.by______

mysurprise,hedidn'tpasstheexam.A.To B.In C.By D.AtWangPingisagoodstudentandshealwaysgetstoschool______