新编英美概况教程周叔麟Chapter-1

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LinaHarbinInstituteofPetroleumASurveyoftheUnitedKingdomandtheUnitedStatesofAmericaPart1Part2Part3Part4Chapter1GeographyoftheUnitedKingdomPart5Part6IntroductionⅠ.LookatthemapoftheUKandtrytofillinthefollowingblanks.NameandLocation:ThefullnameoftheUKistheUnitedKingdomof_______________and________________.ThecapitaloftheUKis________.Politically,theUKconsistsofEngland,_________,Walesand________________.

TheBritishIslesarelocatedofftheNorthwestcoastofEurope.The_________________andtheNorthSeaseparateBritainfromEuropeandthe______SeaseparatesBritainandIreland.KKGreatBritainNorthernIrelandLondonScotlandNorthernIrelandEnglishChannelIrishChapter1GeographyoftheUnitedKingdomIntroductionⅡ.TheconstituentsoftheUK.TheUKconsistoftwolargeislandsand2000smallerislands.Geographically,mostoftheUKislocatedontheBritishIsles:themainisland,Britain,andpartoftheIrishisland.MostofthesmallerUKislandsarefoundnearwesternandnorthernScotland.TheislandofBritainiscrossedbythe0°meridianoflongitude.The0°degreemeridianwasestablishedattheoriginalsiteofthe.GreenwichObservatoryPart1Part2Part3Part4Part5Part6不列颠群岛/英伦三岛Chapter1GeographyoftheUnitedKingdomGeneralCharacteristicsoftheUKⅠ.FillinthefollowingformandmemorizethebasicinformationabouttheUK.Nationalflag:NationalAnthem:Totalarea:Population:Capitalandlargestcity:Officiallanguage:UnionJackGodSavetheQueenApproximately242,000sqkmNearly61,000,000LondonEnglishKPart1Part2Part3Part4Part5Part6Chapter1GeographyoftheUnitedKingdomGeneralCharacteristicsoftheUKⅡ.LookatthetopographyoftheUKandlearnthetopographicfeaturesoftheUK.UKmountainsarenothighbyworldstandards.inScotland,thehighestpeakintheUK,reachesonly1,343meters.ThetopographyofScotlandisdistinguishedbythe

HighlandBoundaryFault

–a

geologicalrockfracture.

Thefaultlineseparatestwodistinctivelydifferentregions;namelythe

Highlands

tothenorthandwestandthe

lowlands

tothesouthandeast.BenNevisBenNevis

isthehighestmountainintheBritishIsles.Standingat1,344metersabovesealevel,itislocatedatthewesternendofthe

GrampianMountains

in

ScottishHighlands.The700-metre(2,300

ft)cliffsofthenorthfaceareamongthehighestintheUnitedKingdom,providingclassic

scrambles

and

rockclimbs

ofalldifficultiesforclimbersand

mountaineers.Over150,000peoplewalkorclimbBenNeviseveryyear,andmanyofthesedosoeitherontheirownorinsmallgroups.Part1Part2Part3Part4Part5Part6本尼维斯山°CChapter1GeographyoftheUnitedKingdomGeneralCharacteristicsoftheUKⅢ.ClimateoftheUK.TheUnitedKingdomhasatemperateclimate,withplentifulrainfallallyearround.

Thetemperaturevarieswiththeseasonsseldomdroppingbelow−11°C

(12°F)

orrisingabove35

°C(95

°F).2.TheclimateisagiftoftheNorthAtlanticDriftCurrent,whichflowswestoftheUK.3.Theannualrainfallvarieslittlefromyeartoyear,anddroughtsarerare.Muchoftheraincomesinaprotracteddrizzle,notinheavyshowersPart1Part2Part3Part4Part5Part6fChapter1GeographyoftheUnitedKingdomWater:theKeyGeographicFeatureⅠ.Water:thekeygeographicfeature.ThekeyfeaturethatmarksBritainiswater.Waterhasshapedtheclimate,thelandscape,thehistoryandtheindustrialresourcesofBritain.ApartfromtheborderwiththeRepublicofIreland,theUKissurroundedbythesea.ThedependenceuponshipsforinternationaltradeandfordefenseledBritaintobecomeamajormaritimepower.ThedepositsfromancientseasandoceansinfluencedthenatureofBritainanditsland.Part1Part2Part3Part4Part5Part6爱尔兰共和国fChapter1GeographyoftheUnitedKingdomWater:theKeyGeographicFeatureⅡ.RiverThames.WatchthevideoandtrytogetthebasicinformationofThames.Part1Part2Part3Part4Part5Part6泰晤士河fChapter1GeographyoftheUnitedKingdomWater:theKeyGeographicFeatureThe

RiverThames

flowsthrough

southernEngland.ItisthelongestriverentirelyinEnglandandthe

secondlongestintheUnitedKingdom,afterthe

RiverSevern.Itrisesat

ThamesHead

inGloucestershire,andflowsintothe

NorthSea

viathe

ThamesEstuary.Whileitisbestknownforflowingthrough

London,theriveralsoflowsalongsideothertownsandcities,including

Oxford,

Reading,

Henley-on-Thames,and

Windsor.Part1Part2Part3Part4Part5Part6塞文河Chapter1GeographyoftheUnitedKingdomGeographicHistoryTheUK’snaturalresourceswerecreatedduringtheshiftingdanceoftheearth’splates,thesolidmatterthatfloatedontheliquidmagma.BecausetheregionthatnowtheUKliesonthecontinentalshelf,whentheoceanlevelsrose,muchofthelandwascoveredbywater.WhentheglaciersadvancedandretreatedovermuchofnorthernandmountainousBritain,theysmoothedthemountainsanddroppeddebrisinthevalleys.TherisingwatersafterthelasticeagehaveslowlyseparatedtheBritainIslesfromtheEuropeanContinent.Part1Part2Part3Part4Part5Part6Chapter1GeographyoftheUnitedKingdomSurfaceFeaturesandGeography---byPoliticalRegionⅠ.Scotland.Scotlandhasapopulationofover5millionpeopleinanareaofnearly80,000sqkm.someScotsstillspeaktheirnativelanguage,Gaelic,althoughmostspeakEnglish,theofficiallanguage.Geologically,Scotlandisdividedintothreemainregions:theHighlandsandWesternIsles,theLowlands,andthesouthernUplands.Edinburghisthecapital.Part1Part2Part3Part4Part5Part6爱丁堡Chapter1GeographyoftheUnitedKingdomSurfaceFeaturesandGeography---byPoliticalRegionⅡ.England.In2008,Englandhasapopulationofnearly61million,livinginanareaof130,836sqkm.Englandconsistsofmanydifferentgeologicalregions:thePennines,arangeofmountainscomingdownthecenterofEngland;theLakeDistrictinthenorthwestofEngland;ValeofEden;LowlandsofCentralEngland;thehillsofSouthwestern,ect.Part1Part2Part3Part4Part5Part6奔宁山脉湖区Chapter1GeographyoftheUnitedKingdomSurfaceFeaturesandGeography---byPoliticalRegionⅢ.Wales.LocatedinthesouthwesterncornerofBritain,Walesisalandofmountains;nearly40%ofWalesliesabove240meters.ThelongestriverinBritain,theSevernRiver,risesinthesecentralmountains,tumblinganddashingthroughthemountainvalleysinafastflowintoEnglandbeforereachingtheIrishSeaattheBristolChannel.Cardiffisthecapital.Part1Part2Part3Part4Part5Part6Chapter1GeographyoftheUnitedKingdomSurfaceFeaturesandGeography---byPoliticalRegionⅣ.NorthernIreland.NorthernIrelandissituatedinthenortheasternportionoftheIsla