Unit 8重难点知识讲义 人教版七年级英语下册

Unit8

Isthereapostofficenearhere?

1.问路的表达方式总结(以询问书店的方位为例)：

1)Excuseme.Whereisthebookshop?

2)Excuseme.Isthereabookshopnearhere?

3)Excuseme.Can/Couldyoutellmethewaytothebookshop?

4)Excuseme.Can/Couldyoutellmehowtogettothebookshop?

5)Excuseme.Can/CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothebookshop?

6)Excuseme.Whichisthewaytothebookshop?

7)Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellmeifthereisabookshopnearhere?

即学即练：

1).!Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?

A.OKB.HelloC.ExcusemeD.sorry

2).,AreyouMrGreen?

A.sorryB.OKC.ExcusemeD.Hello

2.Therebe句型

(1)Therebe+sb/sth+地点

在某地有某人或某物(there是引导词，没有词义；be是谓语动词；某人/物是主语，地点作状

语，多为介词短语)

eg.Thereisabankintheneighborhood.

(2)Therebe句型就近原则

谓语动词be在人称和数上应以后面的第一个名词保持一致。

Thereissomesaladonthetableo

Therearesomestudentsintheclassroom.

如果Therebe句型中有多个名词，be动词通常与第一个名词保持人称和数的一致。

Thereisaboyasdtwogirlsintheroom.

Therearetwogirlsandaboyintheroom.

(3)Therebe句型的一般疑问句：将be动词提到句首。

肯定回答：Yes,thereis/are

否定回答：No,thereisn,t/aren,t

第1页共16页

—Isthereabanknearhere?

-Yes,thereis./No,thereisn't.

(4)Therebe句型的否定句：在be后加not.

Thereisapostofficenearhear.

Thereisn'tapostofficenearhear.

(5)Therebe句型与have/has的区别：

*Therebe句型表示客观存在;have/has表示主观拥有

*Therebe句型不能与have/has连用。

即学即练：

1).There___notmilkinthecuponthetable.

A.are,manyB.are,muchC.is,manyD.is,much

2).Howmany___arethereintheroom?

A.appleB.studentsC.milkD.paper

3).There'sgoingtointomorrow'snewspapers.

A.havesomethingnewB.havenewsomethingC.besomethingnewD.benewsomething

4).HowmanyboysthereinClassone?

A.beB.isC.areD.am

5).Therealotofgoodnewsintoday'snewspaper.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

6).Therepencil-box,twobooksandsomeflowersonthedesk.

A.isaB.aresomeC.hasaD.havesome

7).anyflowersonbothsidesofthestreet?

A.IsthereB.ArethereC.HasD.Have

8).——Thereisnoairorwateronthemoon.Isthere?

A.Yes,thereareB.No,thereisn'tC.Yes,thereisn'tD.No,thereis

9).isthereonthetable?

A.HowmanyapplesB.HowmuchbreadC.HowmuchbreadsD.Howmanyfood

10).Theremustsomethingwrongwithourclassroom.

A.areB.hasC.isD.be

11).Thereissomeonthetable.

A.appleB.orangeC.cakeD.sandwich

第2页共16页

12).Theresomesheepandtwocowsonthefarmeatinggrass.

A.areB.isC.haveD.has

3.介词(课本PU5-119)：

⑴acrossfrom…在...对面，后接地点名词或代词。

Thereisabank(在对面)thelibrary.

cross=goacross穿过(指从物体的表面穿过，从一边横穿到另一边，如马路)

Through,意为“穿过”，侧重从某一范围内部的空间穿过，

Thesunisshiningthroughthewindow.

Shehastopushherwaythroughthecrowdtogettoherson.

Over,越过，多指在正上方越过。从这头到那头。

Theplanefliesoveramountaininthesoutheast.

即学即练：

1)-Look!Ablindmanisinthemiddleofthestreet.It'stoodangerous.

-Let'sgoandhelphimtheroad.

A.throughB.alongC.acrossD.over

2)Don'tdrivesofast!Wemustslowdownwhenwedrivethetunnel(隧道).

A.pastB.overC.acrossD.through

3)Themoonlightisshiningthewindow.Everythingintheroomlookssonice.

A.throughB.pastC.acrossD.over

4)IoftentakeawalktheparkonSecondAvenue.

A.acrossB.throughC.passD.cross

5)Canyouswimtheriver?

A.nearB.betweenC.fromD.across

6)Go(cross)thebridgeandyou'llfinditontheleft.

7)XinhuaBookshopisacrossthepayphone.

第3页共16页

A.fromB.forC.toD.at

(2)nextto在..…旁边，靠近...后接地点名词或代词。

l)Thepayphoneis(紧挨着)thelibrary.

2)Thegardenisnext___myhouse.

A.onB.toC.inD.at

(3)between...and...14...^0...^fa](两者之间)

l)SheissittingLilyandLucy.

A.nearB.nexttoC.betweenD.acrossfrom

2)Thepayphoneisthepostofficeandthelibrary.

A.inB.betweenC.nearD.front

3)LucysitsonSusan'sleftandonGeorge9sright.(改为同义句)。

LucysitsSusanGeorge.

4)Thereisariverthetwovillages.

A.betweenB.onC.alongD.front

(4)infrontof在..前面(范围之外)

inthefrontof在..前面(范围之内)

1)Tomsitstheclassroomandlistenstotheteachercarefully.

A.inthefrontofB.infrontofC.inthefrontD.infront

(5)behind在..后面，behindthehouse。

(6)on....Street在……街上，美式英语用on,英式英语用in。

—Excuseme.Isthereapostofficenearhere?

—Yes.ThereisoneWangFujinstreet.

A.forB.onC.atD.next

(7)along沿着,相当于down,goalongthisstreet=godownthisstreet

l)Gothisstreetandthenturnright..

A.fromB.toC.downD.on

2)MyfatherhasahabitofjoggingtheJinchuanRiverforanhourinthemorning,

第4页共16页

A.betweenB.alongC.overD.through

3)Walkthisstreet.You'llfindtheschoolthepark.

A.down;inthefrontofB.along;inthefrontof

C.along;infrontofD.away;infrontof

(8)down,意思也是“沿着"，相当于along。

如：JustgodownNorthRoadandturnleft.

1)JustgostraightFourthAvenue.Thecinemais.

A.along;intherightB.down;intheleftC.down;ontheleftD.along;onright

2)GodownthisstreetandturnrightinZhongshanAvenue.(改为同义句)

thisstreetandturnrightinZhongshanAvenue.

3)沿着新大街一直走，超市就在你的左边。

NewStreet,andthesupermarketis二

※另补充：表示方位的in,on,to的区别：

1)In表示在某一地区之内的某方位(属于该范围)；

FujianisinthesoutheastofChina.

2)To表示在某一地区之外的某方位(不属于该范围)；

SingaporeistothesouthofChina.

3)On表示与某地的毗邻关系。

RussiaisonthenorthofChina.

4.turnleft

l)Turn在此处是动词，表示“转弯；转变方向”。Turnleft意为“向左转”，

turnright/left向右转/左转(right/left是adv.)

Ifsone'sturntodosth轮到某人做某事

turnon打开(电灯，电视等)

turnoff关掉(电灯，电视等)

2)ontheright/left在右边/左边(right/left是n.)

即学即练：

1)—Excuseme,couldyoutellmethewaytothebusstation?

—Gostraightandright.You'llseeit.

第5页共16页

A.turningB.turnC.toturnD.turns

2)Justgostraightandturn.Thehotelis.

A.right;rightB.right;ontherightC.ontheright;rightD.right;totheright

3)ThehotelisdownBridgeStreettheright.

A.inB.onC.atD.to

5.1)payv支付，付钱

*payfor+物"付钱买某物”

*pay+钱+for+物“付多少钱买某物

Shepays5yuanforthebooks.

2)spendtimewithsb和某人共度时光

l)Englishisalittledifficult.Imustspendmoretimeit.

A.inB.atC.onD.for

2)-Doyoualwaysspendalotoftimecomputer?

-No,butIspendmuchtimedoingmyhomework.

A.on,inB.in,inC.in,onD.on,on

3)-Doyouoftengetonline?

-Yes.Ilotsoftimeonit.Ifsagoodwaytokilltime.

A.costB.spendC.takeD.use

4)Ienjoyplayingcomputergames,butIcan'ttoomuchtimethat.

A.take,doingB.spend,fordoingC.spend,doingD.take,todo

5)HowmuchdoestheticketfromShanghaitoBeijing?

A.costB.takeC.spendD.pay

6.Togetthere,IusuallywalkoutandturnrightonBridgeStreet.

Todo短语表示目的，意为“要做……的话”

Togetgoodgrades,youmuststudyhardeveryday.

1)-WhatdoyouthinkofNewYorkcity?

-Itisagoodplace.

A.havefunB.havingfunC.tohavefunD.forfunny

2).Mommakesmeeatanappleeverydaythedoctorsaway.

A.keepsB.iskeptC.tokeepD.kept

第6页共16页

7.You5rewelcome不客气当别人向你道谢时的应答语。

表示不用谢的用语还有：That、allright/Notatall/It9sapleasure.

交际用语总结：

1)A:在某一方面做得好或取得了某一成绩或成功

B:Welldone./Congratulations.真棒。/祝贺。

如：-Mum,Igotan"A"intheEnglishexamtoday.

-Welldone!

2)A:请求对方帮忙

B:Withpleasure.乐意效劳。

如：-CouldyouhelpmelookafterthecatwhileIisnotathome?

-Withpleasure!

3)A:将要去旅行或度假

B:Haveagoodtrip/Haveagood(great,wonderful,nice)time/Enjoyyourself(yourselves)/Havefun.

如：-WeareflyingtoBeijingforthesummervacationnextweek.

-Haveagoodtrip!

4)A:表示感谢、是否介意、请求或为某事到歉

B:Notatall.

如：-I'msorryforbreakingyourglassonthetable./Wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?/Thanks

forhelpingmesomuch.

-Notatall.没关系。/当然可以./不用谢。

Withpleasure和Ifsapleasure.的区别：

4)Ifsapleasure.=You^ewelcome.用语回答"Thankyou…”，用于事情发生之后；

5)Withpleasure.=Noproblem.=Allright.=Tdliketo.用于别人请求你做某事，你很乐意去做时。用

于事情发生之后。

即学即练：

①-Sally,IamgoingtoShanghaitomorrow.

A.WelldoneB.Withpleasure.C.Haveagoodtrip.D.Notatall.

②一Thankyouverymuch,Eric!

第7页共16页

A.PmsorryB.You'rewelcomeC.HereyouareD.Idon'tknow

8.busyadj忙的

bebusydoingsth=bebusywithsth忙于做某事

Heisbusy(do)hishomework.

9.enjoyv喜欢-enjoyableadj高兴的

enjoysth喜欢某物enjoydoingsth喜欢做某事

enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagood/greattime玩得高兴

①Tomenjoys(play)soccer.

②JimandSunsanenjoy(watch)TV.

(3)DoyouenjoyEnglishinourclass,MrGreen?

A.teachB.teachesC.toteachD.teaching

@Boysandgirls,didyouenjoy(你们)duringthevacation(在假期期间)？

⑤PeterandSimonenjoyed(他们)attheEnglishpartylastnight.

lO.letsbdosth让某人做某事

Letme(help)you.

lefsdosth让我们一起做某事

Lefs(go)toschool.

11.tellv告诉

tellsbaboutsth告诉某人关于某事

tellsbtodosth告诉某人去做某事

tellsbnottodosth告诉某人不要去做某事

12.1)thewayto+地点去….的路

Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?

2)Onthewayto+地点在去….的路上

Weareonthewaytoschool.

3)Bytheway顺便说一下

Bytheway,doyouknowwhenwewillhavetheEnglishtest?

©-Excuseme.Doyouknowthewaythepark?

-Sorry,Idon'tknow.

第8页共16页

A.ofB.forC.toD.togo

13.hopev希望

hopetodosth希望去做某事IhopetovisitBeijing.

hope+that从句IhopethatIcanvisitBeijing.

①Ihopeyouagoodtime.

A.tohaveB.haveC.hasD.having

14.takeawalk=haveawalk=goforawalk散步

①--Let's.-Allright.

A.takeawalkB.takewalkC.totakewalkD.totakeawalk

15.welcometo+地点欢迎到某地来

Welcomemybirthdayparty.

A.atB.inC.toD./

拓展练习题

一.从下面方框中选出与下列各句中划线部分意思相同或相近，并能替换划线部分的选项。

A.lookedafterB.eatC.canD.near

(l).Shetookcareofhergrandpawhenshewasfree.

(2).Areyousureheisabletodotheworkbyhimself.

(3).Mum,I'mhungry.CanIhavesomecakes?

(4).Jack,pleasecomeandsitbytheteacher.

二.从下面四个选项中选出正确答案。

(1)Johnwantstobuyabighousethreeroomsforhisparents.

A.throughB.withC.inD.on

(2)Iwanttofindahousemanytreesaroundit.

第9页共16页

A.withB.haveC.hasD.thereare

(3)一Whichwouldyoulike,teaorcoffee?

一EitherOK,butIprefercoffeemilk.

A.is；withB.is；toC.are；withD.are；to

(4)-Canwerunacrosstheroadnow?

-No,we.Wehavetowaituntilthelightturnsgreen.

A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.couldn'tD.shouldn't

(5)-LiLei,hurryup!Thebusiscoming!

-Oh,no.Weacrossthestreetuntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.

A.mustn'tB.maynotC.needn'tD.haveto

(6)ItisveryimportantforusEnglishwell.

A.learnB.learningC.tolearnD.learned

(7)Wecangothereonfoot.Twokilometersnotfar.

A.areB.isC.amD.be

(8)-Howmuchisthepairofshoes?

-Twentydollarsenough.

A.isB.areC.amD.be

(9)一Davidhasbeenawayformorethan25days.

—Imisshimverymuch.Youknow,25daysshort.

A.isB.isn'tC.areD.aren't

(10)Thereinthelargebowls.

A.aresomericesB.issomericeC.hassomeeggsD.havesomenoodles

(11)Thereisabeautifulgardenfifthavenue.

A.onB.inC.atD.with

三用词的适当形式填空。

(1)Everyyearmany(visit)cometovisittheWestLakeinHangzhou.

(2)Centerparkisagoodplace(play)theguitar.

(3)Iamveryhungry.Canyougivemesomething(eat)?

(4)Icanfindthehotel(easy).

(5)Youshouldturnrightatthesecond(cross).

第10页共16页

(6)Ithinkmoney(benot)everything.

(7)Ilovetowatchmonkeys(climb)trees.

五.短文填空。从下面方框中选出10个单词，用它们的适当形式填入短文空格内，使短文意思正确、

通顺(每词限用一次)。请按编号将答案依次填入下边的表格内。

incarproblematdodrivebecitytrainbusruletest

InAmerica,drivingisawayoflife.Busyfamiliesoftenhavemorethanonecar.Ifsnotbecausethere

(1).nopublictransportationinAmerica.Therearetaxis,buses,andsubwaysinmany

(2)..Someschoolsevenhave(3).totakestudentstoschool.Mostpeoplefinditismuch

moreconvenienttodrive,althoughtheymayfacetraffic(4)..

YoungpeopleinAmericaoftengettheirdriver'slicenses(5).theageof16bypassinga

writtentestandadriving(6)..Forteenagers,beingableto(7).andevenhavingtheir

own(8).isgreat.

Driversneedtofollowroad(9)..HerearesomeinAmerica:

1.(10).cutinfrontofothercars.

2.Drivewithinthespeedlimited.

3.Followallroadsignsandpoliceofficers

Unit8语法

课前检验：(17)

1.图书馆在邮局的对面。

Thelibraryisthe.

2.在公园附近有餐馆吗？

Isarestaurantthe?

3.紧挨着银行有一家旅馆。

Thereahotelthebank

4.投币电话应在医院后面。

Thephoneisthe.

5.在警察局前面有很多树。

Therearetreesthepolicestation.

1.acrossfrom；postoffice2.there;near;park

3.is;nextto4.pay;behind;hospital5.many;infrontof

第11页共16页

【教材原句】

1.-----Isthereabanknearhere?这附近有医院吗？

-----Yes,thereis.IfsonBridgeStreet.是的，有。它在大桥街上。

2.Arethererestaurantsnearhere?这附近有餐馆吗？

-----Yes,there'soneinfrontofthepostoffice.是的，在邮局前面有一个。

3.Thereisazooinmyneighborhood.在我的街区有一个动物园。.

以上含有be句型的句子，表示某处某物。(there；有/存在)

【语法透析】

一、构成

Therebe…句型，表示的是“某处存在某物或某人，其结构为“Therebe(is,are;willbe;was,were)

+名词+地点状语。

例如：

二、各种句型

1.肯定句：_____________________________________________

2.否定句：_____________________________________________________

not是副词，no为形容词，nota/an/any+n.相当于no+n.

例如：Thereisanorangeinherbag.一Thereisnoorangeinherbag.

一Thereisnotanorangeinherbag.

Therearesomebirdsinthetree.—Therearenobirdsinthetree.

一Therearenotanybirdsinthetree.

3.一般疑问句：_____________________________________________

肯定回答：Yes,therebe.

否定回答：No,therebenot（缩写）.

例如：Thereissomewaterintheglass.

注意：肯定句变为否定句或一般疑问句时，句中的some应改为any。

第12页共16页

4.特殊疑问句:

(1)对therebe结构中名词的数量来提问：

当对可数名词的量提问时：Howmany+可数名词复数+arethere+地点状语？

当对不可数名词的量提问时：Howmuch+不可数名词+isthere+地点状语？

例如:：Therearefortyshopsonthestreet.

Thereisa_birdinthetree.

Thereissomebreadonthistable.

(2)对therebe结构中的名词(主语)提问时，常省略there。

指物：Whatis+地点状语？

指人：Whois+地点状语？

例如：Therearemanybooksonthedesk.一What'sonthedesk?

Therearethreeboysintheroom.一Who'sintheroom?

三、用法

1.therebe句型中be：____________________________________

例如：Thereisabasketballinthebox.

Therearemanypeopleinthehall.

2.如果有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致，即

例如：Thereisanappleandsomebananasinthebasket.

Threaresomebananasandanappleinthebasket.

四、therebe与have/has的区别

1.therebe句型表示“某处存在某物或某人”,表示“有”时，侧重于客观，此时不强调此物归谁

所有。例如：Therearetwomenintheoffice.

2.have/has(got)表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，侧重于主观，此时强调“所属关系“，主语多是人。例如：

Hehasgottwosons.

3.二者有时可能通用，表示“某物本身拥有..例如：Aweekhassevendays.=Therearesevemdays

inaweek.Theclassroomhastendesks尸Therearetendesksintheclassroom.

第13页共16页

【试题链接】There—stillsomeapplejuiceinthefridge.Ifsnotcecessaryforustogotothe

supermarketnow.