新概念英语第二册Lesson17

Lesson17AlwaysYoungReviewWhatdidwelearnlastweek?Canyouanswerthesequestions?WhatdoesAuntJenniferdoandhowoldisshe?MyauntJenniferisanactressandShemustbeatleastthirty-fiveyearsold.2)WhatpartdoesJenniferoftenactonthestage?Sheoftenappearsonthestageasayounggirl.

3)Whatdoesshethinkofbeinggrownup?

Itmustbeterribletobegrownup年龄的两种表示方法：①

数字+years

old，作表语

thirty-five

years

old

三十五岁②

数字+-year-old，作定语my

four-year-old

daughterMyauntJenniferisanactress.Shemustbeatleastthirty-fiveyearsold.以-ess结尾的是女性；以-or、-er结尾的是男性actor男演员actress女演员waiter男服务员waitress女服务员prince王子princess公主lion公狮子lioness母狮子doctor

男医生woman

doctor

女医生god

神goddess

女神

(God

上帝,注意

“G”

大写)must

+

动词原形

不得不,

必须；(对现在的)推测She

must

be

a

model.She

is

fifteen

years

old.

她五岁了She

must

be

fifteen

years

old.

她很可能五岁She

must

be

at

most

fifteen

years

old.

她最多十五岁

She

must

be

at

least

fifteen

years

old.

她至少十五岁at

least

至少,

最少If

you

can’t

clean

the

car,

you

can

at

least

help

me

to

clean

it.at

most

最多

Inspiteofthis,sheoftenappearson

thestageasayounggirl.in

spite

of

不管，尽管

(“of”

为介词,

后面一定会加名词、代词或从句)in

spite

of

this

尽管如此In

spite

of

this,

I

still

like

school.

（school前不加“the”表示上学，加“the”只表示学校）In

spite

of

what

you

have

said

about

her,

she

is

much

better

than

Mary.inspiteof不顾；不管inspiteof+n.=despite(prep.)+n. 尽管……inspiteofthefactthat...(同位语从句)=(al)though+从句 尽管……①Wewentoutin

spite

of/despitetherain.尽管天下雨，我们还是出去了。②Inspiteofthefactthatdoctorshavewarnedthatsmokingdoesharmtohealth,peoplestillkeeponsmoking.尽管医生已经警告说吸烟有害健康，人们还是继续吸烟。③_________greateffortswefailedtocarryourplansthrough.尽管我们做出了巨大努力,我们还是没能完成计划。Inspiteof④InspiteofIworkedhard,Istillfailed.（改错）答案：of后加“thefactthat”或者把“Iworkedhard”改为“myhardwork”。【点津】inspiteof为介词短语，与介词despite及regardlessof一样，其后可跟名词、动名词及其他短语，意义基本相同，但regardlessof只有“不管，不顾”之意。though,although也有“虽然，尽管”之意，但它们是连词，后面应接句子。Jenniferwillhavetotakepartinanewplaysoon.join参加了某一种团体joinsb./sth.jointhearmy参军jointheparty入党joinus(口语)加入我们(这个团体)中来takepartin参加某一种活动takepartintherace参加比赛takepartinaplaytakepartinthepartyThistime,shewillbeagirlof

seventeen.两种年龄的表达：

She

is

eighteen

years

old.

She

is

a

girl

of

eighteen.

Intheplay,shemustappearinabrightreddressandlongblackstockings.in(+颜色、衣服)穿着……样的衣服，用介词短语取代动词，避免了一句话中出现两个动词Theboyingreen.inabrightreddress鲜红色的连衣裙Lastyearinanotherplay,

shehadtowearshortsocksandabright,orange-coloureddress.bright,orange-coloureddress鲜艳的桔黄色衣服Ifanyoneeverasksherhowoldsheis,she

alwaysanswers,'Darling,itmustbeterribletobegrownup!'ever=atanytime任何时候(时间副词)itmustbe一定……(表示推测)grown-upadj.成年人begrown-up作为一个成年人growup(人)成长当有人问你年龄时，你可以这样回答：Itisasecret./Itisprivacy.Iforgetit.

情态助动词mustMust译为“必须”，可以表示“必要，命令或强制，邀请，决心，不可推卸的责任”等多处含义。它没有时态和人称变化，通常只用于现在时和将来时。在其他时态时，must的有些含义可以用haveto或havegotto。这三种形式一般可以互换，但用于第一人称时，haveto(havegotto)强调客观的要求或外在的原因，must则强调主观的要求或表示说话的人认为自己有权做某事。have

to和have

got

to往往可以互换，但与always，sometimes等频度副词连用时，用have

to往往比用havt

got

to好。have

got

to比have

to更口语化。在过去时的句子中,

要用have

to

来表示

“必须”，have

to可以有任意时态She

will

have

to…

；She

had

to…

；

She

has/I

have

had

to…

have

to作为实义动词,

否定式为don't

have

to；will

not

have

to；didn't

have

to在表达“难道你不能不（做……）”时，一般用“Must

you…?”，而不用“Do

you

have

to…?”Must

you

leave

now?

难道你非得现在就走吗？I’m

afraid

so.

I

have

to

study

for

an

exam.must可以表示推测，must

do表示对现在的推测；must

have

done表示对过去的推测He

must

be

mad.

在

I

think…/he

thinks…的从句中，一定要用事实说话.

(不能说成

“I

think

he

must

be

a

fool.”

)

must

be的否定式为can’t

be（不可能）：

Someone’s

using

the

phone,

it

must

be

John.

It

can’t

be

John.

He

promised

me

he

wouldn’t

use

it

today.

情态动词modalverbs1.--IsJohncomingbytrain?--Heshould,buthe____not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.(2002）

A.mustB.canC.needD.may2.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates(候选人)____remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.(2002）

A.canB.willC.mayD.shall3.--Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.(2002）

--It____truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.A.maynotbeB.won’tbeC.couldn’tbeD.mustn’tbe表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.肯定的推测可能的推测否定的推测疑问的推测must

对将来

对现在

对过去情态动词may,mightcan’t,couldn’tcan,could

+V.

+V.+havedone常见mustbe+bedoing

+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing

可以用not表示“可能不”

+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing

1.Idon'tknowwheresheis,she_______beinWuhan.2.Atthismoment,ourteacher________________ourexampapers.

这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。

3.Theroadiswet.It________________lastnight.(rain)4.Yourmother______________________foryou.

你妈妈一定一直在找你。

maymustbemarkingmusthaverainedmusthavebeenlooking5.Philip________________________seriouslyinthecaraccident.菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤.6.---Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.

---She_____________________(go)bybus.7.Mike________________hiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.

迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。may(might)havebeenhurtmay(might)havegonecan’thavefound考题:1.Ithoughtyou_____likesomethingtoread,soIhavebroughtyousomebooks.A.mayB.mightC.wouldD.must2.Whereismypen?I____it.A.mightloseB.wouldhavelostC.shouldhavelostD.musthavelost3.Ididn’thearthephone.I___asleepA.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeenB

D

B

4.---Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.----It____acomfortablejourneyA.can’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen5.It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jack___behereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.couldDD请把下列词语组合成句:1.___________________________________,(play,interesting,must,be,new,the)forthedirectorissofamous.2.Seehowhappyheistoday!_______________________________________.(failed,he,can’t,in,the,have,exam)3.Peterisn’tintheclassroom.__________________________________________.(may,playing,he,with,be,his,basketball,friends)ThenewplaymustbeinterestingHecan’thavefailedintheexamHemaybeplayingbasketballwithhisfriends不同的“肯定”程度可按下列层次排列：Heisathome.(事实)Hemustbeathome.（非常肯定的推断）Hecouldbeathome.（很可能）Heoughttobeathome.（很可能）Hemaybeathome.（仅仅可能而已）Hemightbeathome.（或许,非常不确定）Hemightnotbeathome.（也许不在家）Hemaynotbeathome.（比might可能）Hecouldn’tbeathome.（很可能不在家）Hecan’tbeathome.（一定不在家）Heisn'tathome.（事实）

在不表示推测的情态动词中,我们要注意以下考点:1.表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。2.表示否定的情态动词的用法。3.shall和will的多种意义的区别。4.情态动词短语的使用。5.虚拟语气中情态动词的使用。表示能力:can,could,beableto*beableto

能用于各种时态。

can/could

只能表示现在或过去的能力。*was/wereableto:“设法做成某事”相当于managedtodosth.succeededindoingsth.。1.表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。1.Acomputer______thinkforitself;itmustbetoldwhattodo.A.can’tB.couldn’tC.maynotD.mightnot2.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone______getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasabletoAD3.Theywill______runthismachineontheirowninthreemonths.A.canB.couldC.mayD.beableto4.Thatbigcinema______seat2,000people.A.canB.shouldC.oughttoD.isabletoDA表示许可:may/might,can/could

*might,could

比较委婉,一般多用于疑问句.*can,may

表达的语言比较随便.*在以could,might

表示征询对方意见或表示请求时，回答应相应使用can,may.5.—CouldIborrowyourdictionary?—Yes,ofcourseyou_______.A.mightB.willC.canD.should6.—MightIwatchTVaftersupper?—Yes,you________.A.mayB.mustC.mightD.canCA2.表示否定的情态动词的用法:

部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点之一。

mustn’t不准,禁止needn’t没必要(=don’thaveto)can’t不能;不可能maynot不可以;可能不shouldn’t不应该(=oughtnotto)7.You______returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot8.Johnny,you______playwiththeknife,you______hurtyourself.A.won’t;can’tB.mustn’t;mayC.shouldn’t;mustD.can’t;shouldn’tCB9.--Willyoustayforlunch?--Sorry,_____.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.Imustn’tB.Ican’tC.Ineedn’tD.Iwon’t10.--MayIpickaflowerinthegarden?--________.A.No,youneedn’tB.Not,please.C.No,youmustn’tD.No,youwon’tBC情态动词：shall,will的多种意义:

shall/will+动词原形:

*

shall可表示必须、命令、警告或征询意见.

*

will可表示意愿、常出现的动作、在疑问句中表示请求和建议.*均可表示将来。过去时为

should,would.3.11.He______bepunishedifhedisobeys.

如果他不服从,就要受到惩罚.12.Wearenotgoingtoquarrelatallifyou____onlyletmespeak.

只要你让我说话,我们根本就不会吵架.13.--Sir,____hegoorstay?--Lethimgo.A.willB.shallC.mightD.couldshallwillB14.Thedoor_______open.

这门经常打不开.15.Ronald______stayinhissmallgardenforalongtimeeverydayinthepast.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.would16.You_____havethebookafterIreadit.

我看完以后一定把这本书给你.won’tDshall4.情态动词短语的使用:wouldliketodo…wouldratherdo…wouldrather+从句wouldprefertodo...hadbetterdo...改错:1.Wouldyoulikehavingsometea?2.I’dprefergoingtothelecturethisevening.3.I’dratheryoutogotothemeeting.4.Hewouldrathertodiethantogivein.5.You’dbettertohaveyourhaircuttoday.Wouldyouliketohavesometea?I’dprefertogoto...…youwentto...Hewouldratherdiethangivein.You’dbetterhave...情态动词考题:1.Putonmoreclothes.You

befeelingcoldwithonlyashirton.

A.can

B.could

C.must

D.would2."MustIdrivetohishouseandpickupthechildren?"

"No,

."

A.youshouldn't

B.youmightnot

C.youneedn't

D.youmustn'tCC3.Wedidn'tseeTomatthemeetingyesterday.He

it.

A.mustn'thaveattended

B.cannothaveattended

C.needn'thaveattended

D.wouldhavenotattended4.We

playchessthanbridge.Someofusdon'tknowhowtoplaybridge.

A.hadbetter

B.wouldbetter

C.wouldrather

D.hadratherBA5.Thereissomeoneknockingatthedoor.

itbeTom?

A.can

B.must

C.should

D.oughtto6.Twoyearago,myhusbandboughtmeabicycle.Ifyouliveintown,itisoftenfasterthanacarandyou

worryaboutparking.

A.mustnot

B.maynot

C.shouldnot

D.don'thavetoAD可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need、dare

情态动词(+动词原形)行为动词

.needdare

1.无人称和数的变化;2.尤其用于：*否定句及疑问句中;*在if/whether之后;*或与hardly,never,noone,nobody连用;

3.常以needn’t

和daren’t

的形式出现;4.dare有其过去时dared.多用于肯定句;(sb.)needtododaretodo(sth.)needtobedone(sth.)needdoing

Idaren’taskherforarise.我不敢请求她加薪.Howdidyoudaretotellherthat?Iwonderwhetherhedarestandupinpublic.Idon’tknowhowshedarestowearthatdress.Doyouneedanyhelp?Iwonderwhetherheneedsenditimmediately.Ineedhardlytellyouthattheworkisdangerous.Thegardendoesn’tneedwateringatthemoment.Youneedn’tfinishthatworktoday.判断正误:Howdareyousaysuchathing?Howdareyoutosaysuchathing?Hedaren’ttospeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,didhe?Hedaren’tspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?Nobodyneedtobeafraidofcatchingthedisease.Nobodyneedbeafraidofcatchingthedisease.Thesedishesneedbecleanedcarefully.Thesedishesneedtobecleanedcarefully.Thesedishesneedcleaningcarefully.注意对need问句的回答:--NeedIfinishtheworktoday?--Yes,________________.No,________________.No,________________.youmustyouneedn’tyoudon’thavetoneedn’t对其它情态动词的回答:--ShallItellJohnaboutit?--No,you__________.

--Mustwedoitnow?--No,you__________.

needn’t(don’thaveto)needn’t(don’thaveto)表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.1.YoumustbeMrSmith----Iwastoldtoexpectyouhere.2.Hemusthaveknownwhatwewanted.3.Wemayhavereadthesamereport.4.Hecan’thavesleptthroughallthatnoise.5.There’ssomeoneoutside----whocanitbe?6.Whatcantheybedoing?7.Thesepillsmighthelptocureyourdisease.8.Youcouldberight,Isuppose.

Exercises1.Aleft—luggageofficeisaplacewherebags____beleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.A.shouldB.canC.mustD.will2.How___yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle?A.canB.mustC.needD.may3.---Theroomissodirty._____wecleanit?---Ofcourse.A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do4.MyEnglish-Chinesedictionaryhasdisappeared.Who___havetakenit?A.shouldB.mustC.couldD.would5.---IsJohncomingbytrain?---Heshould,buthe____not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.canC.needD.may6.---Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.---It____truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.A.maynotbeB.won’tbeC.couldn’tbeD.mustn’tbe7.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates_____remainintheirseatsuntilallthepaperhavebeencollected.A.canB.willC.mayD.

shall8.---Ihearyou’vegotasetofvaluableAustraliancoins.___Ihavealook?---Yes,certainly.A.DoB.MayC.ShallD.Should9.Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach,I____somuchfriedchickenjustnow.A.shouldn’teatB.mustn’thaveeatenC.shouldn’thaveeatenD.mustn’teat10.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You___homewithoutaword.A.mustn’tleaveB.shouldn’thaveleftC.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’tleave11.Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentlemen___besorudetoalady.A.mightB.needC.shouldD.would12.---Writetomewhenyougethome.---__________.A.ImustB.IshouldC.IwillD.Ican13.Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How___itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony?A.canB.shouldC.may