（完整版）英语五大基本句型及练习

（完整版）英语五大基本句型及练习英语五大基本句型及练习英语五大基本句型及练习基本概念：与汉语相似，英语句子是由主语(subject),谓语动词(verb),宾语(object),表语(predicative),状语(adverbial),宾语补足语(objectcomplement)等成分组成，按照这些成分的组合方式英语句子可分为五种基本句型。句型一：主语+不及物动词不及物动词本身就可以表达完整的意念，不需要宾语及补语，但有时可有副词，介词短语等状语修饰语。e.g.Therainstopped.Theoldmanwalksinthepark.句型一的扩展：1.主语+不及物动词+状语e.g.Themachineworkssmoothly.(机器运转正常。)2.There+不及物动词+主语e.g.Thereissomemilkinthebottle.Therecomesthebus.3.主语+不及物动词+动词不定式e.g.Theystoppedtotakeashortrest.(他们停下来稍作休息)特别提醒动词stop可用作不及物动词，也可用作及物动词。作不及物动词时,通常后接动词不定式,表示停下来的目的是做另一件事。作及物动词时，通常后接动名词,表示停止做这件事。e.g.Theystoppedtakingarest.句型二：主语+系动词+表语系动词本身不能表达完整的意念没，需要形容词，名词，介词短语等来补充说明主语，也叫主语补语。e.g.Mysisterisanurse.Ifeelquitehungry.Theballisunderthedesk.句型三：主语+及物动词+宾语及物动词本身需要一个动作的接受者（宾语），才可以表达一个完整的意念。e.g.WearelearningEnglish.Doyouknowhim?Yourradioneedsrepairing.Shehopestoseeheruncle.句型四：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语有些及物动词需要两个宾语才能表达一个完整意念。e.g.Hermotherboughtheraskirt.Givemethebook,please.特别提醒A.在此句型中，通常是间接宾语（人）在前，直接宾语（物）在后，有时直接宾语和间接宾语可以对调，这时间接宾语前应加上适当的介词。e.g.Hermotherboughtaskirtforher.Givethebooktome,please.直接宾语与间接宾语对调时，间接宾语前加介词to的动词有：give(给),tell(告诉),lend(借给),sell(卖),teach(教),send(寄给),write(写给),show(出示),return(还给),bring(带给),pass(递给),leave(留给),offer(提供),hand(交给)间接宾语前加介词for的动词有：buy(买),choose(选择),get(弄到),make(做),order(订购),sing(唱歌),do(做),play(演奏)B.如果直接宾语为人称代词那么必须把直接宾放在间接宾语前，且间接宾语前要加上适当的介词。e.g.Ihandedittoourteacher.不能说：Ihandedourteacherit.C.此句型变为被动语态时，可分为两种情况。e.g.Hermotherboughtheraskirt.a.Shewasboughtaskirtbyhermother.b.Askirtwasboughtforherbyhermother.句型五：主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语及物动词本身需要一个宾语外，还需要一个名词，形容词，副词,动词不定式，分词来补充说明宾语，才能表达一个完整的意念。e.g.WeelectedLiYangourmonitor.Thenewsmadeussad.Shesawthethiefstealintotheshop.Theteacheraskedmetoanswerthequestion.Ifoundthemanstealingthemoney.Ifoundmymoneystolen.特别提醒A.现在分词为宾语补足语时，宾语与现在分词之间是主动关系；过去分词为宾语补足语时,宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系。B.在let(让)，make(使得)，have（请，让，使得），see(看)，hear(听到)，watch(观看)，feel(感觉到)，listento(倾听)，lookat(看到)，notice(注意到)等动词后的宾语补足语如果为不定式，则省掉”to”,但变为被动语态时，则要带”to”.e.g.Wehearhersingnextdoor.Sheisheardtosingnextdoor.C.此句型变为被动语态时，只有一种情况。e.g.Theysawhimstealtheoldman’smoney.Hewasseentostealtheoldman’smoney.英语五大基本句型练习1.Iamsorrytohavekeptyou____.a.waitb.towaitc.waitingd.waited2.Shefoundherdog___overbyacarontheroad.a.runb.rand.torund.running3.Roseisgoingtohaveherhair_____.a.dob.donec.didd.doing4.Shefeltsomebody___her.a.touchedb.touchesc.touchd.totouch5.Shetaughthim_____speakEnglish.a.howb.howcouldhec.howhecouldd.howto6.Hedidn’tenjoytheplaybecausehe____.a.wasboringb.boredc.wasboredd.boring7.Iwillmakeyourdream____.a.comestrueb.tocometruec.comingtrulyd.cometrue8.Hewarned____home.a.ustonotgob.usnottogoc.wenotgod.usnotgo9.Cannedfooddoesnotgo____.a.bedeasilyb.badlyeasyc.badeasyd.badlyeasily10.Thesadnewskepther___allthenight.a.awakeb.wakenc.waked.towake11.Ithink____abadhabittogetuplate.a.thatb.itc.thisd.its12.Hefoundhismoney_____.a.stealb.stealingc.stolend.tosteal13.Rosesinbloomsmell____.a.sweetlyb.sweetc.sweetend.sweetness14.Wemusthavethemachine____.a.torepairb.repairingc.repaird.repaired15.Shewaslyinginthesofa____abook.a.readingb.readc.toreadd.toreading16.Atelevisionsetwillkeepus____ofthenewsoftheday.a.informb.toinformc.informedd.informing17.Thespeakerfoundhimself____allalone.a.leftb.leavec.leavingd.toleave18.Thespeakerfoundhimself____.a.misunderstandb.misunderstandingc.misunderstoodd.tomisunderstand19.-Mywatchisbroken.–Whydon’tyou___.a.takearepaireryourwatchb.takeyourwatcharepairerc.taketoarepaireritd.takeittoarepairer20.Iheardyouwenttothemuseumyesterdayandcouldn’tfind____thehotel.a.howtoreturntob.howyoucouldgoforc.thewaybackford.thewaybackto21.Yesterdaywasmybirthday.Mymother____.a.madeacaketomeb.madeacakemec.madeformeacaked.mademeacake22.Theteacher____Johnagoodstudent.a.believesb.knowsc.suggestsd.considers23.It’safineday.Let’sgoboating,___?a.willweb.don’twec.won’twed.shallwe24.Don’tsmokeintheclassroom,___?a.willyoub.doyouc.don’tyoud.won’tyou25.Heseldomhaslunchathome,____he?a.hasb.hasn’tc.doesd.doesn’t26.Wehadtogetupearly,___we?a.didn’tb.don’tc.hadd.did27.YouhadTomdothejob,____you?a.didb.didn’tc.hadd.hadn’t28.Letushaveanotherlook,____you?a.willb.wouldc.won’td.wouldn’t29.Nobodycame,___?a.didn’theb.didn’ttheyc.didhed.didthey30.Weoughttohanditintoday,____we?a.oughtn’tb.don’tc.shouldn’td.won’t31.We’dbetterwaitfortenmoreminutes,___?a.hadn’tweb.don’twec.didn’twed.wouldn’twe32.I’dlikeasandwich,____?a.wouldyoub.doyouc.couldn’tyoud.don’tyou33.ThisisthethirdtimethisweekJohnhashadtostudylate,___?a.hasn’theb.isn’thec.hasn’titd.isn’tit34.YouandIdidittogether,___?a.didn’tIb.didn’tyouc.didyoud.didn’twe35.Theyshouldhavecompleteditearlier,____?a.shouldtheyb.shouldn’ttheyc.havetheyd.haven’tthey36.Youmaytakeitifyouwantto,___?a.mayn’tyoub.don’tyouc.shouldn’tyoud.won’tyou37.YoumusthavetoldMr.Smiththesecret,___?a.mustn’tyoub.mustyouc.haven’tyoud.haveyou38.Shedislikedtheskirthisfatherboughther,___?a.didsheb.didn’tshec.wasshed.wasn’tshe39.Tomsaidhewasnottherethen,___?a.didn’theb.didhec.wasn’thed.washe40.Isupposeheishonest,___?a.don’tIb.doIC.isn’thed.ishe41.Idon’tthinkheisserious,___?a.don’tIb.doIC.isn’thed.ishe42.She’sfinishedthejob,____she?a.doesn’tb.isn’tc.wasn’td.hasn’t43.–Youaren’tateacher,areyou?a.Yes,Iamnotb