山东省烟台市2025届高三英语适应性练习试题一含解析

PAGE23-山东省烟台市2025届高三英语适应性练习试题（一）（含解析）留意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，只交答题卡。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALongIsland’shikingroutesofferanescapeforfamilytimeoryourownmentalorphysicalhealth.There’slotstosee,soopenyoursensesbecauseit'sarelaxingthingtodoinastressfultime.SagamoreHill,OysterBayWalkalongthesamepaththatPresidentTheodoreRooseveltwalkedwithhisfamilyandguests.SagamoreHill,nowanationalpark,wasoncethesummerhomeofthe26thpresident.Theexpansivepropertyhasanaturepaththroughthickwoodlandswherehikerscanwalkoveralittlebridgeoverastream.It’sashort,three-quarter-milepaththroughoakandtuliptrees.INFO:Opensunrisetosunsetdailyyear-round;free;516-922-4788.BlydenburghCountyPark,HauppaugeTheeastsideoftheparkisflat,makingthewalkverykid-friendly.Thewestsideisabitmorehilly,butbothhavesplendidwaterviewsofthepond.Ontheeastsideisalsotherowboatareaandbenches,aswellaspicnictables.Whenyou’reatBlydenburghCountyPark,gointhenorthentranceoffRoute347,wherethemainofficeoftheGreenbeltTrailConferenceissituated.Theoffice,alsothestartoftheroutes,providesinformationandmaps.INFO:Dawntodusk;631-854-3712.Nofeecollectedfromthemaingateinthefallandwinter.TackapaushaPreserve,SeafordThepreservehasself-guidedroutesforthepublicandisafunwalkforkidswithastopatthemuseumtocompletethevisit.Guidedwalksatthemuseumareavailablewithadvancereservationsfororganizationsandschoolgroups.Thepathsareflat,well-maintainedandclearlymarked,withapondwithbridgesandawaterfallalongtheway.It’sagreatplacetobringyourfamilytobirdwatch,enjoyanimalsandconnectwithnature.INFO:Freeandopensunrisetosunset;516-571-7443.1.WhatisSagamoreHillprobablyfamousfor?A.Anaturepath.B.Alittlebridge.C.Thethickwoodlands.D.Apresident’ssummerhome.2.WhatdoBlydenburghCountyParkandTackapaushaPreservehaveincommon?A.Theyarefree.B.Theyhavewaterviews.C.Theyhavepicnicservice.D.Theyfavortheelderly.3.WhatshouldagroupofstudentsdoforabettervisittothemuseuminTackapaushaPreserve?A.Bookguidedwalks.B.Takeanewroute.C.Makeadditionalpayment.D.Consultmuseumguides.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】本文是应用文。文章介绍了长岛上的几条徒步旅行线路。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据SagamoreHill,OysterBay线路介绍中SagamoreHill,nowanationalpark,wasoncethesummerhomeofthe26thpresident.可知，SagamoreHill曾经是美国第26任总统的避暑别墅。故选D项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。BlydenburghCountyPark线路介绍中提到butbothhavesplendidwaterviewsofthepond.(两边都有美丽的池塘水景)和HauppaugeTackapaushaPreserve,Seaford线路介绍中提到withapondwithbridgesandawaterfallalongtheway.(沿路有一个带桥的池塘和瀑布)可知，两条线路的共同点是都可以看到池塘等水景。故选B项。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据TackapaushaPreserve,Seaford线路的介绍中Guidedwalksatthemuseumareavailablewithadvancereservationsfororganizationsandschoolgroups.可知，学校团体可提前预约，有导游带领参观博物馆。故选A项。BTheuniqueoceananimalswerediscoveredbyateamofscientistsledbyDr.ChristineDudgeonfromAustralia’sUniversityofQueenslandduringa12yearglobalconservationstudy.Thenewly-foundsharkshaveevolved(进化)tosurviveinlowoxygenenvironments,enablingthemtohuntduringlowtides.Theresearchersbelievetheirabilitytousetheirfins(鰭)towalkaffordsthesharksaremarkableedgeoverthesmalleranimalstheytrytohunt.“Whiletheyaresuperhuntersintheirshallowhabitat,thetinysharkspresentnothreattopeople,”saysDudgeon.“Atlessthanameterlongonaverage,they’reincrediblycutelittleanimalsthatdonotlooklikesharksatall,”sheadds.ADNAanalysisofskinsamplesfromthelivefishsuggeststhatwalkingsharksbrokeawayfromtheiroriginalpopulationandbecameadistinctspeciesaboutninemillionyearsago.Thoughthatmayappeartobealongtimeago,itisrelativelyrecentgiventhatsharkshavebeenaroundformorethan400millionyears.Infact,DudgeonandherteambelievewalkingsharksaretheyoungestkindofsharksonEarth!Theresearcherssaythatthesharks’smallnumbersandsmallhabitatmakethemextremelyvulnerable(易受损害)tonaturaldisastersandoverfishing.TheyarecurrentlyontheNatureRedList,whichlistsspeciesatrisk.Dudgeonandherteambelievesensibleconservationmanagementplansareurgentlyneededtoprotectthewalkingsharksandotherendangeredanimalsfromfurtherthreats.4.Whatisthemostnoticeablefeatureofthenewly-foundsharks?A.Theyarecuteandharmlesstohumans.B.Theycansurviveintheirshallowhabitat.C.Theywalkontheirfinsacrosstheseafloor.D.TheyaretheyoungestkindofsharksonEarth.5.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Theevolutionoftheshark.B.Thebehaviorofthesharks.C.Thepopulationofthesharks.D.TheDNAsamplesofthesharks.6.WhatshouldbedonewithoutdelayaccordingtoDudgeonandherteam?AAdjustingthemethodsoffishing.B.PuttingthesharksontheNatureRedList.C.Changingthesharks’livingenvironments.D.Adoptingnecessarymeasurestoprotectthesharks.7.Inwhichcolumnofawebsitecanwereadthetext?A.Environment. B.Nature.C.Education. D.Geography.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了探讨人员在澳大利亚北部旁边海疆发觉了一种靠鳍行走的鲨鱼及其相关的爱护措施。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据首段首句Asharkthatwalksinwaterinsteadofswimmingmightsoundlikeacreaturestraightoutofsciencefiction.However,thatispreciselyhowthefish—foundinthewatersoffNorthernAustralia—movesacrosstheseafloor.(在水里行走而不是游泳的一条鲨鱼，听起来就像是科幻小说中的一种生物。然而，这正是在澳大利亚北部海疆发觉的鱼的穿过海底的移动方式)及其次段Theresearchersbelievetheirabilitytousetheirfins(鰭)towalkaffordsthesharksaremarkableedgeoverthesmalleranimalstheytrytohunt.(探讨人员认为，它们利用鳍行走的实力使鲨鱼比它们试图捕猎的小动物具有显著的优势)可知，新发觉的鲨鱼最明显的特征是用鳍在海底行走。故选C。【5题详解】主旨大意题。依据第三段内容可知，第三段讲解并描述了对活鱼皮肤样本的DNA分析表明，活鲨鱼脱离了原来的种群，大约在900万年前成为一个独特的物种。尽管那可能是很久以前的事，但是相对来说是最近的，考虑到鲨鱼已经存在了4亿多年。事实上，Dudgeon和她的团队信任行走的鲨鱼是地球上最年轻的鲨鱼！因此推断第三段主要讲解并描述鲨鱼的进化。故选A。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据末段Dudgeonandherteambelievesensibleconservationmanagementplansareurgentlyneededtoprotectthewalkingsharksandotherendangeredanimalsfromfurtherthreats.(Dudgeon和她的团队认为，迫切须要明智的爱护管理支配来爱护行走的鲨鱼和其他濒危动物免受进一步的威逼)可知，迫切须要做的是实行必要措施爱护鲨鱼。故选D。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据文章首段首句Asharkthatwalksinwaterinsteadofswimmingmightsoundlikeacreaturestraightoutofsciencefiction.However,thatispreciselyhowthefish—foundinthewatersoffNorthernAustralia—movesacrosstheseafloor.(在水里行走而不是游泳的一条鲨鱼，听起来就像是科幻小说中的一种生物。然而，这正是在澳大利亚北部海疆发觉的鱼的穿过海底的移动方式)可知，文章的主要讲解并描述在澳大利亚北部旁边海疆发觉了一种靠鳍行走的鲨鱼。由此推知，在网站的自然栏目中，我们可以阅读这篇文章。故选B。【点睛】在做推理推断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要依据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理推断。如第4小题，要求推断“我们可以在网站的哪个栏目阅读这篇文章？”依据文章首段首句Asharkthatwalksinwaterinsteadofswimmingmightsoundlikeacreaturestraightoutofsciencefiction.However,thatispreciselyhowthefish—foundinthewatersoffNorthernAustralia—movesacrosstheseafloor.(在水里行走而不是游泳的一条鲨鱼，听起来就像是科幻小说中的一种生物。然而，这正是在澳大利亚北部海疆发觉的鱼的穿过海底的移动方式)可知，文章的主要讲解并描述在澳大利亚北部旁边海疆发觉了一种靠鳍行走的鲨鱼。由此推知，在网站的自然栏目中，我们可以阅读这篇文章。故选B。CTheTokyoSummerOlympicsisgoinggreen.The5,000medalsJapanhasmadearemorespecialthanmost.OnenovelfocusoftheTokyoOlympicsistobe“sustainable”—toavoidusingtoomanynaturalresources,sothatthegamesareeasyontheenvironment.Aspartofthisgoal,theorganizersdecidedtomakealloftheOlympicmedalsoutofmetalrecycledfromoldelectronics.Almostallelectronicsaremadewithsmallamountsof"preciousmetals",likegoldandsilver.Butcollectingenoughofthesemetalstomake5,000medalswasahugechallenge.That'sbecausetheamountofmetalineachdeviceistiny.Itwouldtakeabout20,000cellphonestogetjust1kilogramofgold.BeginninginApril2024,theorganizersplacedcollectionboxesaroundthecountry,andaskedpeopletoturnintheiroldelectronicdevices.Soonpeoplebegantorespondtotheinitiative,turninginsmartphones,digitalcameras,hand-heldgames,andlaptops.Atfirst,collectionwentslowly,butsoonmoreandmoreareasbegantotakepart.Bytheend,1,621localgovernmentshadhelpedoutwiththecollectionprocess.Thencamethejobofbreakingthosedevicesdownintosmallerpieces.Afterbeingtakenapartandsorted,thesmallelectronicsweresmelted(熔炼)togetallthegold,silver,andbronzeelements.Thisisatrickyjob,whichcallsforcarefulattentionandgoodskill.It'salsodangerous,becausesomeofthemetalsandotherthingsaren'tsafeforpeopletotouchorbreathe.BytheendofMarch,2024,theorganizershadhittheirtargetsofgettingenoughmetalforthemedals.Theyhadcollectedaround3xkilogramsofgold,4,100kilogramsofsilverand2,200kilogramsofbronze.Andnowallthe5,000medalsareavailableforthewould-bewinners.8.WhatcanweknowabouttheTokyoOlympicsmedals?A.Theyarehugelyvaluable.B.Theyareofhighquality.C.Theyaredesigneduniquely.D.Theyaremadefrome-waste.9.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytellus?A.Thedifficultyofmakingthemedals.B.Theprocessofcollectingoldelectronics.C.Theinitiativetorecycleusedsmartphones.D.Theclassificationofthecollecteddevices.10.Theunderlinedword“tricky”inParagraph5means“”.A.creative B.well-paidC.demanding D.time-consuming11.What'sthepurposeofTokyo'swayofmakingthemedals?A.Toadvocatesustainableuseofresources.B.TopromotethespiritofOlympicGames.C.Tointroduceanewtechniquetomakemedals.D.Tocallpeople'sattentiontoenvironmentaldamage.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了东京夏运会奖牌将采纳回收的电子垃圾制作而成，以及该活动的目的意义。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段Aspartofthisgoal,theorganizersdecidedtomakealloftheOlympicmedalsoutofmetalrecycledfromoldelectronics.(作为这一目标的一部分，组织者确定用旧电子产品回收的金属制成全部的奥运奖牌。)可知，东京奥运会金牌是由电子废料制成的。故选D。【9题详解】主旨大意题。依据第四段内容可知，从2024年4月起先，组织者在全国各地放置了收集箱，并要求人们上交他们的旧电子设备。很快，人们起先对倡议做出反应，上交智能手机、数码相机、手持嬉戏和笔记本电脑。起初，收集工作进展缓慢，但很快越来越多的地区起先参与。到目前为止，已有1621个地方政府供应了帮助。因此推断本段主要讲解并描述了收集旧电子产品的过程。故选B。【10题详解】词句揣测题。依据划线句后的whichcallsforcarefulattentionandgoodskill.It'salsodangerous,becausesomeofthemetalsandotherthingsaren'tsafeforpeopletotouchorbreathe.可知，这须要细心地关注和良好的技能，这也是危急的，因为一些金属和其他东西对于人们的触摸和呼吸是担忧全的。因此推断这是一个要求高的工作。故选C。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段OnenovelfocusoftheTokyoOlympicsistobe“sustainable”—toavoidusingtoomanynaturalresources可知东京奥运会的一个新焦点是“可持续发展的”——避开运用太多的自然资源。因此推断东京制作这种奖牌的目的是提倡资源可持续利用。故选A。.【点睛】在阅读中我们常常会考查揣测词义或句意题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。运用逻辑推理揣测词义或句意是运用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、困难信息的实力，充分利用上下文（各种已知信息）并结合详细的语境推想、推断某些词或短语的词义。例如第3小题，依据划线句后的whichcallsforcarefulattentionandgoodskill.It'salsodangerous,becausesomeofthemetalsandotherthingsaren'tsafeforpeopletotouchorbreathe.可知，这须要细心地关注和良好的技能，这也是危急的，因为一些金属和其他东西对于人们的触摸和呼吸是担忧全的。因此推断这是一个要求高的工作。故选C。DOverthelast25years,psychologistshavefoundthatpersonalitiescenteronfivebasictraits(特性)—theBigFive:agreeableness,conscientiousness(责任心),neuroticism,extroversionandopenness.Contrarytocommonbelief,peoplejustaren’torganizedintocertainpersonalitytypes.Everytraitisacontinuousdimensionandeveryonecanbedescribedashavingvaryinglevelsofeachtrait.AnewresearchhasalsofoundanimalsfromantstoapesallhavetheBigFiveandthattheuniversalityofpersonalitypointstoanevolutionary(进化)origin.Animalsandhumanshavecommonproblemsofsurvival,whicharespelledoutbeautifullyintheBigFive,andthat’swhythere’ssomuchcontinuityinhumanpersonalityandanimalpersonality.Forexample,conscientiousnessinvolvesbehaviorslikeplanningandconsideration,whichareimportantamonganimalsfortakingcareoftheiryoung,selectingmatesandlivingingroups.Beingneatandorderly—aspectsofconscientiousness-alsohasevolutionarysuperiority.Beesthatliketokeepcleanandremovemoredeadgroupmembersreduceriskofdisease,gainmoreweightandreproducemoreSpidersthatmaketidywebscatchmoreinsects.Birdsthatbuildneaterandsolidernestsattractmoremates.Thesebehaviorsmayseemprimitive,butthey’reneverthelessindicationsofpersonality.Personalityistheexpressionofallofthebehaviorsthathumansandanimalsexhibitthatallowthemtofunctionadaptivelyintheworld.Evolutioncanalsoexplainwhypersonalitiesvarysomuch.Dependingonthesituation,eachoftheBigFivecanbeadvantageous.Forexample,agreeablenessisgreatforrelationships.Butifalionwerechargingatyou,you’dbebetteroffwithalessagreeableandmoreaggressivepersonality.Becausetheworldissounpredictable,everyaspectofeachpersonalitytraitcouldbeusefulatdifferenttimes,soinsteadofevolvingasingletypeofpersonalitythat’sbestforeverysituation,we’releftwithawidevariety.12.Whatdopeoplegenerallythinkaboutpersonalitytypes?A.Differentpersonalitytypeshaverespectivestrengths.B.Everyonefallsintoaparticularpersonalitytype.C.Peoplewithcommonpersonalitytypesgather,D.Everyonehasmixedpersonalitytypes.13.What’sthepurposeofmentioningsomeanimalsinParagraph2?A.Toillustratetheadvantagesofbeingconscientious.B.Toanalyzesurvivalchancesofcooperativeanimals.C.Toexplainwhytheyaretidyandorderly.D.Tothrownewlightontheirbehavior.14.Whydowedisplayacertainpersonalityinaspecificsituation?A.Tobefreeoftrouble.B.Tobeadaptivetocircumstances.C.Tocompeteforequalrights.D.Togainadvantagesoverothers.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?A.Personalityandbehavior.B.CategoriesofBigFive.C.Contradictoryfactsonpersonality.D.Diversityandvariabilityofpersonality.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。在过去的25年里，心理学家发觉，人格主要集中在五种基本特征上——大五类人格：宜人性、尽责性、神经质、外向性和开放性。探讨还发觉，从蚂蚁到猿类，全部动物都有大五人格，这种特性的普遍性指向了一个进化起源。每种人格特征的每个方面都可能在不同的时间有用，所以我们没有进化出一种适合每种状况的单一人格类型，而是留下了多种多样的特性。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段中Contrarytocommonbelief,peoplejustaren’torganizedintocertainpersonalitytypes.(与普遍的看法相反，人们并不是依据特定的性格类型组织起来的)可推知，人们通常认为每个人都属于某种特定的性格类型。故选B。【13题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中的Animalsandhumanshavecommonproblemsofsurvival,whicharespelledoutbeautifullyintheBigFive,andthat’swhythere’ssomuchcontinuityinhumanpersonalityandanimalpersonality.(动物和人类都有共同的生存问题，这在大五类人格中被完备地阐述了出来，这就是为什么人类和动物的人格具有如此多的连续性)及随后提到了一些动物的例子可推知，在其次段中提到一些动物的目的是为了对它们的行为进行新的说明。故选A。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中的Dependingonthesituation,eachoftheBigFivecanbeadvantageous.Forexample,agreeablenessisgreatforrelationships.Butifalionwerechargingatyou,you’dbebetteroffwithalessagreeableandmoreaggressivepersonality.(视状况而定，大五类人格中的每一个都可能是有利的。例如，宜人性对人际关系很重要。但假如狮子向你冲来，你最好选择一个不那么随和、更具攻击性的特性)可推知，我们表现出特定的特性是为了适应特定的环境。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段中的Overthelast25years,psychologistshavefoundthatpersonalitiescenteronfivebasictraits(特性)—theBigFive:agreeableness,conscientiousness(责任心),neuroticism,extroversionandopenness.(在过去的25年里，心理学家发觉，人格主要集中在五种基本特征上——大五类人格：宜人性、尽责性、神经质、外向性和开放性)及最终一段中的Becausetheworldissounpredictable,everyaspectofeachpersonalitytraitcouldbeusefulatdifferenttimes,soinsteadofevolvingasingletypeofpersonalitythat’sbestforeverysituation,we’releftwithawidevariety.(因为世界是如此不行预料，每种人格特征的每个方面都可能在不同的时间有用，所以我们没有进化出一种适合每种状况的单一人格类型，而是留下了多种多样的特性)可知，文章主要论述了人格的多样性和可变性。故选D。【点睛】在做推理推断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要依据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理推断。如第1小题，Whatdopeoplegenerallythinkaboutpersonalitytypes?要求推断出人们通常怎么看待性格类型。依据第一段中的Contrarytocommonbelief,peoplejustaren’torganizedintocertainpersonalitytypes.(与普遍的看法相反，人们并不是依据特定的性格类型组织起来的)可推知，人们通常认为每个人都属于某种特定的性格类型。故选B其次节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。EversincetheUniversityofBolognainHalywasfoundedin1088asthefirstmodernuniversity,mostpeoplehaveassociatedgreatuniversities,withmajorcities.___16___CollegesanduniversitiesintheU.S.,though,havefollowedadifferentpattern.Tobesure,leadinguniversitiessuchastheUniversityofChicagoandColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkCitycallmajorurbancentershome.___17___Insomecases,theuniversityis,forallpracticalpurposes,thewholetown.___18___Manyearlycollegesanduniversitieswerefoundedbyreligious(宗教的)groupsthatsoughttoeducatestudentsfarfromthedistractionsofcitylife.WhenHarvardUniversitywasfoundedin1636byCongregationalistChurchministers,Cambridge,wheretheuniversityisnowlocated,wasquiteseparatefromBoston.Moreover,whentheU.S.beganbuildinganetworkofpublicuniversitiesinthe1860stobringagriculturalandtechnicalresearchandknow-howtothewestward-spreadingfrontier,mostwerelocatedinsmalltowns.___19___GiventhehugediversityofU.S.highereducation,themessageforinternationalstudentsshoppingforagreatuniversityisdoubled.___20___Don'tbeputoffifyouhaveneverheardofthecityortownwhereaschoolislocated.Top-ratedcollegesanduniversitieslocatedinlesserknownplacesmayamazeyouinanunimaginablemannerwiththeirhighqualityandasignificantnumberoftheirinternationalstudentsA.Bloomingtonisalsoagreatcollegetown.B.ThinktheSorbonneinParisorPekingUniversity.C.Setyoursightsbeyondthemostwell-knownschools.D.Onereason:therewerenomajorcitiesthereatthetime.E.Therewasnobetterrecipeforpopularitythansmallcampuses.F.PartoftheexplanationforthisliesinAmerica'sdistinctivehistory.G.Butmanyarelocatedincitiesandtownsmostpeoplehaveneverheardof.【答案】16.B17.G18.F19.D20.C【解析】本文是说明文。大多数人都将宏大的高校和大城市联系在一起。文章介绍了美国是另外一种模式，很多主要高校在小城市，并说明了其历史缘由，建议国际学生在选择高校时考虑。【16题详解】上文EversincetheUniversityofBolognainHalywasfoundedin1088asthefirstmodernuniversity,mostpeoplehaveassociatedgreatuniversities,withmajorcities.阐述自从1088年哈利的博洛尼亚高校作为第一所现代高校成立以来，大多数人都把宏大的高校与主要城市联系起来，说明重点高校都在大城市里，因此推断B项“想想巴黎的索邦或北京高校。”符合语境，举例说明上文内容。故选B。【17题详解】空格上文CollegesanduniversitiesintheU.S.,though,havefollowedadifferentpattern.讲解并描述美国的高校遵循了不同的模式，也就是重点高校并不在大城市里，空格下文Insomecases,theuniversityis,forallpracticalpurposes,thewholetown.说明，在某些状况下，高校是整个镇子，空格处承上启下，因此推断G项“但很多都位于大多数人从未听说过的城镇。”符合题意，故选G。【18题详解】依据下文内容可知，下文讲解并描述了很多早期的学院和高校是由宗教团体建立的，这些团体试图教化学生远离城市生活的干扰。哈佛高校建在相当独立的波士顿。此外，当美国在19世纪60年头起先建立公立高校时，大多数位于小城镇。因此推断本段主要介绍美国高校不位于大城市的历史缘由。因此推断，F项“部分缘由在于美国独特的历史。”符合题意，故选F。【19题详解】空格上文Moreover,whentheU.S.beganbuildinganetworkofpublicuniversitiesinthe1860stobringagriculturalandtechnicalresearchandknow-howtothewestward-spreadingfrontier,mostwerelocatedinsmalltowns.可知，此外，当美国在19世纪60年头起先建立公立高校网络，将农业和技术探讨以及特地学问向西扩展边疆时，大多数都位于小城镇。可推断D项“一个缘由是当时那里没有大城市。”符合题意，介绍在小城市建立高校的缘由。故选D。【20题详解】空格上文GiventhehugediversityofU.S.highereducation,themessageforinternationalstudentsshoppingforagreatuniversityisdoubled.阐述考虑到美国高等教化的巨大多样性，找寻一所好学校的国际学生信息增加了一倍。下文Don'tbeputoffifyouhaveneverheardofthecityortownwhereaschoolislocated.阐述假如你从未听说过学校所在的城市或城镇，不要疏远。因此推断C项“让你的视野超越最闻名的学校。”符合题意，说明不要只是考虑大城市的学校，故选C。其次部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节，(共15小题:小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文质各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asachild,Ilivedonacollegecampuswithmyparents.Theirstudentsoftenvisitedanddidjigsawpuzzles(拼图)withme,forwhichIquicklydiscoveredmy___21___.Iwouldsitaloneforhours____22____buildingapuzzle.Mycollege“friends”wouldbe____23____nexttimetheycame.SoonI___24___upfrom500-piecepuzzlestomyhighest___25___:a3,000-pieceone.Iwasso___26___atthethoughtoftearingitapartthatImovedthefinishedpuzzle___27___ontoalargeboardandkeptitasitwasuntilwemovedawayandI___28___playingwithpuzzles.RecentlyIcan'thelpbut___29___myolddays,whenIcouldspendhourslookingatsmall,oddlyshapedcardboardpiecesand____30____themintoappropriatelyspacedpositions,enjoyingmyself.Inowliveinaworldofdivided____31____,constantlyjumpingfromoneformofentertainmenttoanother.____32____，IdislikeitwhenIopenmyphonetosendaquicktext,butonlytofindmyself,anhourlater,clickingoncountlessYouTubevideosthatleavenoimpressiononme.Imissbeingsomeonewhodidn't____33____tobebombedwithsomanyflashyexternalstimulitobe____34____.Ithinkapuzzleortwowouldforcemetobeanotherversionofmyself,alessimpatientone.WhenIgethomethissummer,I'll____35____theboxofoldtoyssomewhereinourbasement.MaybeI'llfindwhatI'mlookingfor.21.A.concern B.destination C.balance D.love22.A.dreamingof B.concentratingon C.complainingabout D.hesitatingabout23.A.embarrassed B.impressed C.confused D.relieved24.A.leveled B.mixed C.showed D.sped25.A.challenge B.design C.achievement D.champion26.A.guilty B.light-hearted C.silly D.heartbroken27.A.atrandom B.withcare C.onoccasion D.stepbystep28.A.quit B.continued C.escaped D.forbade29.A.analyse B.regret C.recall D.doubt30.A.placing B.rolling C.pushing D.dragging31.A.attention B.communication C.information D.opinions32.A.Thankfully B.Honestly C.Additionally D.Interestingly33.A.fail B.afford C.need D.offer34.A.admired B.connected C.disturbed D.entertained35.A.takeover B.breaksup C.searchthrough D.putaway【答案】21.D22.B23.B24.A25.C26.D27.B28.A29.C30.A31.A32.B33.C34.D35.C【解析】本文是一篇记述文。文章主要讲解并描述了作者以前对拼图非感爱好，后来因为生活在劳碌的分散留意力的世界里特别怀念以前的拼图嬉戏。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的学生常常和我一起玩拼图嬉戏，我很快就发觉了我的喜好。A.concern担忧，忧虑；B.destination目的地；C.balance平衡；D.love喜好，爱。由下文的“Iwouldsitaloneforhours________buildingapuzzle.”可知，作者对拼图特别喜爱。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我会一个人坐上好几个小时用心做拼图嬉戏。A.dreamingof幻想；B.concentratingon专注于；C.complainingabout对……埋怨；D.hesitatingabout对……迟疑。由上文的“Iwouldsitaloneforhours”和下文的“SoonI______upfrom500-piecepuzzlestomyhighest______:a3,000-pieceone.”可知，此处指作者一个人坐上好几个小时用心做拼图嬉戏。故选B项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的高校“挚友”下次来时肯定会印象深刻。A.embarrassed尴尬的；B.impressed印象深刻的；C.confused困惑的；D.relieved放心的。由上文的“Iwouldsitaloneforhours________buildingapuzzle.”可知，作者对拼图如此感爱好，所以当他的高校“挚友”下次来时肯定会印象深刻。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，我从500个拼图升级到我的最高成就：3000个拼图。A.leveled使同等；B.mixed使混合；C.showed展示，说明；D.sped促进，快速运动。依据“a3,000-pieceone.”levelup是固定短语，意为“升级”，表示通过提高来达到某种水平，符合语境。故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久，我从500个拼图升级到我的最高成就：3000个拼图。A.challenge挑战；B.design设计；C.achievement成就；D.champion冠军。由上下文内容可知，此处指升级到最高成就。故选C项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一想到要把它撕成碎片，我就心碎了，于是我当心翼翼地把完成的拼图移到一块大木板上，保持原样，直到我们搬走，我才停止玩拼图。A.guilty内疚的，有罪的；B.light-hearted无忧无虑的，轻松的；C.silly愚蠢的；D.heartbroken哀痛的。由下文的“atthethoughtoftearingitapart”可知，一想到要把自己好不简洁完成的拼图撕成碎片，作者当然会感到哀痛。故选D项。【27题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：一想到要把它撕成碎片，我就心碎了，于是我当心翼翼地把完成拼图移到一块大木板上，保持原样，直到我们搬走，我才停止玩拼图。A.atrandom随意地；B.withcare当心地；C.onoccasion有时，间或；D.stepbystep逐步地。由下文的“keptitasitwasuntilwemovedaway”并结合语境可知，此处指作者当心翼翼地把完成的拼图移到一块大木板上。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一想到要把它撕成碎片，我就心碎了，于是我当心翼翼地把完成的拼图移到一块大木板上，保持原样，直到我们搬走，我才停止玩拼图。A.quit停止，放弃；B.continued接着；C.escaped躲避；D.forbade禁止。由下文的“RecentlyIcan'thelpbut______myolddays,whenIcouldspendhourslookingatsmall,oddlyshapedcardboardpieces”可知，作者搬走以后就不再玩拼图了。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，我忍不住回忆起我以前的日子，那时我可以花几个小时看着形态奇妙的小纸板，把它们放在适当的间隔位置来享受。A.analyse分析；B.regret懊悔，缺憾；C.recall回想起；D.doubt怀疑。由下文的“myolddays,whenIcouldspendhourslookingatsmall,oddlyshapedcardboardpieces”可知，此处指作者回忆起他以前的日子。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，我忍不住回忆起我以前的日子，那时我可以花几个小时看着形态奇妙的小纸板，把它们放在适当的间隔位置来享受。A.placing放置；B.rolling转动；C.pushing推动；D.dragging拖拉。由上文的“Imovedthefinishedpuzzle______ontoalargeboard”并结合语境可知，此处指作者把它们放在适当的间隔位置来享受。故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我现在生活在一个留意力分散的世界里，不断地从一种消遣形式跳到另一种。A.attention留意力；B.communication沟通；C.information信息；D.opinions观点，看法。由上文的“Iwouldsitaloneforhours________buildingapuzzle.”和下文的“constantlyjumpingfromoneformofentertainmenttoanother”可知，作者以前对拼图特别感爱好，但现在生活在一个留意力分散的世界里。故选A项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：诚恳地说，我不喜爱打开手机发短信，但一个小时后，我发觉自己点击了多数YouTube视频，却没有给我留下任何印象。A.Thankfully感谢地；B.Honestly真诚地；C.Additionally此外；D.Interestingly好玩地。由下文内容可知，此处指诚恳地说，作者不喜爱现在的生活模式。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想成为一个不须要被这么多浮华的外部刺激轰炸来消遣的人。A.fail失败；B.afford买得起，赐予；C.need须要，必要；D.offer供应。由语境并结合选项知，此处指作者想成为一个不须要被这么多浮华的外部刺激轰炸来消遣的人。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想成为一个不须要被这么多浮华外部刺激轰炸来消遣的人。A.admired敬佩；B.connected连接，联系；C.disturbed打搅；D.entertained消遣。由上文的“constantlyjumpingfromoneformofentertainmenttoanother”可知，此处指作者想成为一个不须要被这么多浮华的外部刺激轰炸来消遣的人。故选D项。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：今年夏天我回家时，我会在地下室的某个地方搜寻那盒旧玩具。A.takeover接管，接收；B.breaksup破裂，结束；C.searchthrough搜寻；D.putaway储存，抛弃。由下文的“MaybeI'llfindwhatI'mlookingfor.”可知，此处指地下室的某个地方搜寻那盒旧玩具。故选C项。其次节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Peopleofallagesareconcernedaboutthespreadofthecoronavirus,andteenagers,asagroup,tendtoexperienceintensefearfulness.Accordingly,theirgrowinganxietyshouldbetakeninto___36___(consider)seriously.Adultscanhelpbymakingsureteensdon'toverestimatethedangers___37___underestimatetheirabilitytoprotectthemselves.Anxietycanbe___38___(health).Butnotallteensknowthatittypicallyacts___39___ausefulandprotectiveemotion.Adultscanencourageteenagerstochanneltheirdiscomfortintousefulaction,suchaslearningaboutandfollowingthe___40___(recommend)healthguidelines.Wecanalsoremindteenagersthatweshouldwashourhandsandfollowotherheathrecommendationsnotonly___41___(protect)ourselves,butalsotohelptoeasethestress.Adultscannotethat___42___(make)personalsacrifices(牺牲)-suchaspostponingavacationorstayinghomeifwe'renotfeelingwellhelpstoreducethechanceofcarryingillnessintoourowncommunities.Teenagerswhoarefeeling___43___(high)anxiousaboutCovid-19should___44___(encourage)totakeabreakfromseeking,orevenaccidentallyencountering,informationaboutthevirus.____45____wecandoistoencouragefindingdistractions,suchasdoingtheirhomeworkorwatchingafavoriteshow,toprotectthemfromnoticingtheincreasingvirusfigures.【答案】36.consideration37.or38.healthy39.as40.recommended41.toprotect42.making43.highly44.beencouraged45.What【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲解并描述了如何来处理年轻人间因新冠肺炎导致的焦虑。【36题详解】考查固定短语。句意:因此，他们日益增长的焦虑应当被仔细对待。takesth.intoconsideration译为“将……考虑在内”是固定短语。故填consideration。【37题详解】考查连词。句意：成年人可以通过确保青少年不高估危急或低估他们爱护自己的实力来帮助他们。分析句子，don'toverestimatethedangers和underestimatetheirability之间表示选择。故填or。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：焦虑可能是健康的。分析句子，be动词后用形容词作表语。故需将提示词改为形容词。故填healthy。【39题详解】考查固定短语。句意：但并不是全部的青少年都知道它通常是一种有用的爱护性心情。actas译为“担当，作为”。是固定短语。故填as。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：成年人可以激励青少年把他们的不适转化为有用的行动