2024年人教版中考复习【现在完成时】讲义及练习

现在完成时知识提炼概念：①表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果；②过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在并且有可能还会持续的动作或状态。Ihavefinishedmyhomework.(过去+完成+影响)IhavetaughtEnglishforthreeyears.(过去+持续)二、基本结构：have/hasdone(动词的过去分词)注：现在完成时中have/has是助动词，不是实义动词三、动词过去分词的变化规则：规则变化：（同过去式规则变化一致）直接加ed。work→worked→worked 以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾后直接加d。live→lived→lived change→changed→changed以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，把y改i，再加ed。study→studied→studied cry→cried→cried重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加ed。stop→stopped→stopped prefer→preferred→preferred不规则（书本）四、句型转换肯定句： 主语+have/has+done 助动词have/has可与前面的主语缩略为’ve,’s,如they’ve,he’s否定句： 主语+have/has+not+done havenot=haven’thasnot=hasn’t一般疑问句： Have/Has+主语+done...?回答： Yes,主语+have/has.No,主语+have/hasn’t.特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词或词组+have/has+主语+done...?常考易错点have/hasgoneto、have/hasbeento和have/hasbeenin区别（1）have/hasgoneto“去了未回”TomhasgonetoAmerica.（2）have/hasbeento“去过已回”常与表示次数：twice,once和just,never,ever的时间词连用。TomhasbeentoAmericatwice.（3）have/hasbeenin去了某地，并待在那。常与for/since的时间词连用。TomhasbeeninAmericafor5years.注意：当地点为home/here/there/abroad或以where开头的问句时，记得要省略介词。Wherehaveyoubeen?Hehasgonehome.六、时间标志词already（已经）;yet（“仍，还”）;just（刚刚）Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.(already肯中/末)=Ihavefinishedmyhomeworkalready.Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?(yet否/疑问末)Ihaven'tfinishedmyhomeworkyet.Ihavejustfinishedmyhomework.(just肯中)注：justnow为一般过去时的标志词，表示“刚才”Iturnedoffthelightjustnow.ever;never（从未）HaveyoueverbeentoChina?(ever疑/肯中)IhaveeverbeentoChina.IhaveneverbeentoChina.（never否/中）For;since（+过去时间点/ago/从过）IhavebeeninChinafor3years.(for+一段时间)IhavebeeninChinasince3yearsago.（since+时间点）Before;次数；sofar;recently;inthepast/last/recentfewyears,uptonowIhaveseenthismoviebefore.（before）IhavebeentoEnglandthreetimes.(次数)Sofar,Ihavehad5pets.(sofar)Hehasboughtanicebookrecently.(recently)Hehasbeeninschoolinthepastfewyears.(inthepastfewyears)延续性动词、非延续性动词及其转换。(1)标志词“for+段时间”，“since+过去时间点（含过去时从句）”，或“howlong”提问（2）动词短暂变延续方式e/go/arrive—be(in/at)Eg:havebeen(in/at) buy—havegettoknow—know borrow—keepleave—beaway(from) bee—bejoin—bein/beamemberof marry—bemarrieddie—bedead begin—beon finishbeover close—beclosed open—beopenfallill—beill fallasleep—beasleep小牛试刀单项选择1.

HaveyoumetMr.Li___?A.just

B.ago

C.before

D.amomentago2.HaveyoubeentoBeijing?No,I____.A.has

B.have

C.hasn't

D.haven't3.I____thefilmalready.A.saw

B.haveseen

C.see

D.willsee4.

Haveyouever____toCanada?A.be

B.are

C.been

D.is5.

He____WaterWorldlastyear.A.wentto

B.goesto

C.hasbeento

D.hasgoneto6.HaveyoueverbeentoSanya?Yes,I’ve____beentheretwice.already

B.never

C.neither

D.yet7.Tomhasn’tbeentoItaly____,buthehas___beentoAmerica.A.already,yet

B.yet,already

C.already,already

D.yet,yet8.Ihaven’tseenthefilm___.A.yet

B.ever

C.already

D.just9.Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?I___yet.A.

didn’tdecide

B.won’tdecide

C.havedecide

D.haven’tdecided10.IhaveneverbeentoTokyo.____.A.

SodoI

B.SohaveI

C.NeitherhaveI

D.NeitherdoI答案：15:CDBCA610:ABADC用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.

____youever_____(be)toAmerica?2.

____you____(find)yourwatchyet?3.

Areyouthirsty?

No,I___just___(have)someorange.4.

We____already_____(return)thebook.5.

Bothofthem_____(e)toHongkongtendaysago.6.

I______(notfinish)myhomeworkyet.7.

Cindy_____(join)thebookclublastweekandshe____(read)fourbooksalready.8.

He____（buy）aCDyesterday,buthe____(read)ityet.答案：1.Havebeen2.Havefound3.havehad4.havereturned5.came6.haven’tfinished7.joined,hasread8.bought,hasn’tread句型转换1.Hehasalreadyfinishedhishomework.（改为否定句）He____finishedhishomework_____.2.Ihavefinishedmyhomework.（改为否定句）I_______myhomework.3.IhavealreadybeentoBeijing.（改为一般疑问句并否定回答）_____you_____toBeijing_____?______,__________.4.YouhaveneverbeentoShanghaibefore.（改为反意疑问句）YouhaveneverbeentoShanghaibefore，_________?5.HehasworkedinBeijingforayear.（对划线部分提问）_______________heworkedinBeijing?6.Emilydoesn’tdowellinChinese.Herbrotherdoesn’tdowellinChinese,either.（合并为一句）Emilydoesn’tdowellinChinese,________herbrother.答案：1.hasn’tyet2.haven’tfinished3.Have,yet;No,Ihaven’t4.Haveyou5.Howlonghas6.neitherdoes用for和since填空。1.Howlonghaveyoucollectedshell?_____nineyears.2.He'sskated_____morethanfivehours.3.Aliceran____twentyminutesyesterday.4.I’velearnedEnglish____Iwassevenyearsold.5.MymotherhastaughtEnglish_____lastyear.6.Shehascried_____thewholemorning.7.Greatchangeshavetakenplace______youleft.8.Hehaslivedhere_____hecametoCQ.9.Theboyhasbeenaway_____twohoursago.10.Shehasreadthebook______eighto’clock.答案：1.For2.for3.for4.since5.since6.for7.since8.since9.since10.since句型转换1.

Iboughtthisbooktwodaysago.（改为同义句）I_________thisbooksincetwodaysago.2.

We’velivedinCQsincefiveyearsago.（改为同义句）We’velivedinCQ____________.3.

Ihavelivedhere

sinceIwasachild.（对划线部分提问）_________

____

youlivedhere?4.

Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.（改为同义句）Thisfactory__________fortwentyyears.5.

Sheborrowedthedictionarythreeweeksago.（改为同义句）She________thedictionaryforthreeweeks.6.

Theoldmandiedlastyear.（改为同义句）Theoldman___________forayear.7.TheGreenfamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.（改为同义句）_____twoyears____theGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.8.Thebushasarrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago.（合并为一个句子）____________________________________________.答案：1.havehad2.forfiveyears3.Howlonghave4.hasbeenopen5.haskept6.hasbeendead7.It’ssince8.Thebushasbeenherefortenminutes.用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各种形式填空1.—WhereisJack?—He__________hiscountry.2.John__________Englandsincehecameback.3.Howlong__________you__________thisvillage?4.TheSmiths____