高考英语一轮复习考案3必修三练习含解析外研版

一轮复习精品资料(高中)PAGEPAGE1必修三综合过关规范限时检测第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatwillthemanprobablydoaftertheconversation？BA．Waitthere. B．Sitdown.C．Findaman.2．Whoarethespeakerstalkingabout？AA．Anactor. B．Awriter.C．Awaiter.3．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace？CA．Atanairport. B．Onabus.C．Onaplane.4．WhenwillthewomanleaveforNewYork？CA．OnMonday.B．OnTuesday.C．OnWednesday.5．Whyisthemanworried？AA．Therewillbeatesttomorrow.B．Hehasalotofhomeworktodo.C．Thewomanisunwillingtohelphim.第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatarethespeakersbusydoing？BA.They'reworkingonachemistryexperiment.B．They'repreparingforthechemistryexam.C．Theyaredoingsomephysicshomework.7．Wherearethespeakers？BA．Onthecampus.B．Inthelibrary.C．Intheclassroom.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8．Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing？AA．Thewaysofrelaxation.B．Theeffectsofstress.C．Theideasofhealthylife.9．Whatdoesthewomansayaboutcomputergames？CA．Sometimesthey'rerelaxing.B．Shefeelsithardtoplaythem.C．It'snogoodplayingthemlong.10．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando？CA．Keepapetdog.B．Haveagoodrest.C．Dooutdooractivities.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．WhereisRickworkingnow？BA．Inatravelcompany.B．Inalawoffice.C．Inahotel.12．HowdoesRickfeelabouthistrip？AA．Excited. B．Curious.C．Nervous.13．WhenwillRickleave？BA．Inthreedays.B．Inaweek.C．Inamonth.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace？AA．Atabank.B．Atahotel.C．Atapostoffice.15．Whereshouldthewomanwritethedate？CA．Ontheleft­handside.B．Ontheright­handside.C．Inthetopright­handcorner.16．WhatshouldthewomanwriteafterthewordPAY？CA．ONLY. B．200.C．CASH.17．Whatshouldthewomanwriteinthebottomrighthandcorner？AA．Hername. B．Theyear.C．Theamount.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Whendoesthistalktakeplace？BA．Afterthefinalexams.B．Attheendoftheschoolyear.C．Atthebeginningoftheschoolyear.19．Whatwillleadtoafine？BA．Failingtovacate(腾出，空出)theroombyJune3rd.B．Notturningintheroomkeybeforeleaving.C．Notclearingpersonalthingsoutoftheroom.20．Whatdothestudentshavetoreportontheform？AA．Anydamagetotheirrooms.B．Theirsummeraddresses.C．Questionsforthehousingoffice.附听力原文：Text1M：Excuseme，mayIsithere?Imean,aretheseseatstaken?W：No,theyaren't.Goahead,please.Text2W：Youwenttothetheatrelastnight,andwhatdoyouthinkoftheactorwhoplayedHamlet?M：Oh,Ithinkhedidagreatjob.Text3W：I'msorry，butthere'snosmokingonthisflight.M：Oh,sorry.Ididn'tknowthat.Text4M：Hey,Lucy.WhenwillyouleaveforNewYork?W：Er...TodayisMonday.IwillleaveforNewYorkthedayaftertomorrow.Text5M：I'mreallyworriedaboutmychemistryexamtomorrow.W：Well，I'vefinishedsomehomework,soIcouldprobablyhelpyouforalittlewhile.Text6W：Hello，Patrick!Whichclassareyouworkingonrightnow?M：Hi,Jenny!I'mstudyingformychemistryexamtomorrow.W：AreyouinMrsGreen'sclass?M：Yes.Whataboutyou?W：I'm,too.Wemusthavethesameexamtomorrow!M：Doyouwanttostudytogether?W：Sure.Thislibraryisnotquietthough.M：Doyouwanttogotoanemptyclassroom?W：Thatsoundsgood.M：OK.Let'sgo.Text7W：Ithinkit'sveryimportanttorelaxbecauseifyoudon't,youcangettoostressed.Whatdoyouthink?M：Yes,Ithinkso.OnceIevengotillbecauseIwastoostressedoutstudyingforexams!Butwhatdoyoudotorelax?W：Well,sometimesIgotomyroomandliedownandlistentomyfavoritemusic,orreadabook.Whataboutyou?M：IfIwanttorelax，Ioftenplaycomputergames.W：Idon'tthinkcomputergamesarerelaxing—theycanbesoexcitingandthenit'sdifficulttostopplaying.M：It'snotaproblemforme.It'sgoodfun.Isometimesplayuntilmidnight.W：Really?That'stoobadforyourhealth.You'dbetternotstayupforitagain.Goingoutisabetterway.Isometimesliketotakemydogforalongwalkinthecountryorapark.Thatmakesmefeelhealthyandrelaxed.M：Iagreewithyou.Text8W：HaveyouheardthatthebossofthelawofficewhereRickworkswantshimtoflytoBraziltodoamonth'sworkthere?M：That'snice.He'llloveitbecauseeverythingwillbepaidfor,suchasairtravel,meals,hotelsandthisishisfirsttimetogetoutoftheStates.W：Indeed,youwon'tbelievehowmuchheislookingforwardtoitandhowmuchhislittlesisteradmireshim.Heisgoingtoenjoylyingonthebeacheswhenworkisdone,andhepromisestobuyhissistergifts.M：Whoelseisgoingbesideshim?W：He'sgoingalone.M：Whenwillhebeleaving?W：Hewastoldaboutitthreedaysago.AndIthinkhewillleaveinaweek.Text9W：Iwouldliketoknowhowtomakeoutthischeck.M：Right.Erm...doyouwanttodrawoutsomemoney?W：Yes.￡200.M：￡200.OK.Well,thefirstthingyouneedtodoiswritetoday'sdateandtheyearinthetopright­handcornerwhereyouseetheline.Youmustputtheyearin.Andcanyouseeoverontheleft­handside?W：Thefirst...line?M：That'sit.OnthefirstlineitsaysPAYandyouwriteCASHafterwards.W：Inletters?M：Yes.CASH,youwriteCASH,OK?Thenrightbelowthat,youhavetowritetheamountofmoneyyouwant.SojusttwohundredpoundsandthenyouwriteONLYattheendinwords.Thenattheendofthatlinewhereyoucanseethebox,seeoverontheright­handsideandyouhavetowritetheamountyouwantinnumbers.Andthenbelowthebox,thelastthingyouhavetodointhebottomright­handcornerisjustwriteyoursignature.W：OK.Thankyouverymuch.Text10Goodafternoon.I'mJohnHolland,housingdirectorhereattheuniversity.I'mvisitingallthedormitoriesthisweektoinformstudentsaboutcheckoutprocedures.Iknowyouhavealotonyourmindwithfinalscomingup,butthereareafewthingsyouneedtobeawareof,asyoupreparetoleaveforvacation.ThisdormitorywillbeclosedduringthesummermonthsandwillreopeninSeptember.YoumustvacateyourroombyJune3rd.Andyoushouldremembertoturninyourroomkeybeforeyouleave.Failuretoreturnyourkeycanresultina25­dollarfine.Youmustalsomakesurethatallofyourpersonalthingshavebeenclearedoutofyourroom.I'llbehandingoutaformforyoutofilloutconcerningtheconditionofyourroom.Youshouldreportontheformanydamagetoyourroomwhichhasoccurredoverthelastyear,suchasholesintheroom'swalls,doororwindows.Thatway,wewillknowwheretomakerepairsbeforethenextschoolyearstarts.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleasecallmyoffice.第二节到此结束。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A(2021·四川省八校联考)NationalSpaceCenter,LeicesterAninteractivemuseumofsupersizespaceexperiences:fromagiantplanetEarthyoucantouchtheUK'sbiggestdomedplanetarium(圆顶天文馆)anda42­meterrockettower.Youcan'tmissthelatterasyoudriveintoLeicester—thestructurelookslikeit'swrappedingiantinflatablepillows.Inside,ithousesBlueStreakandThorAblerockets.Takeinthefullscaleofthembyridingaglass­sidedliftuptotheviewingplatform.Elsewhere,therearesixgallerieswithplentyofbuttonstopressandscreenstotouch.It'sallundercoversoit'sagoodplacetovisitonarainyday!Whataboutlunch?TheBoostersCafeservesreasonablypricedhotandcoldsnacksanddrinks(hotdogsfrom￡4.95,plusjacketpotatoes，soups,sandwichesandsalads)atthefootofthecenter'stworockets.Thecafeoffersvegetarianandveganoptionstoo.GettingthereThereisaregularbusservice(No.54)withastoptwominutes'walkfromthecenter,aswellasapark­and­fideservicefromBirstall.EastMidlandsTrainsandCross­CountryTrainsoperateservicestotheLeicesterstation,fromwhichthecenterisa25­minutebusride.Ifyoudrive,it'sjustofftheA6,northofthecitycenter.Parkingis￡3fortheday.ValueformoneyIt'snotcheap—adults:￡15,5to16­year­olds:￡12,butonceyou'vepaidyoucanrevisitasmanytimesasyouwantinayear,andadmissionisfreeforkidsunderfive.Openinghours10a．m.—4p．m.MondaytoFriday,10a．m.­5p．m.weekendsandschoolholidays.文章大意：文章介绍了莱斯特国家太空中心博物馆的参观信息。21．WhichofthefollowingCANNOTbefoundwhenyouvisittheNationalSpaceCenter？AA．Abiginflatablepillow.B．Adomedplanetarium.C．TheBoostersCafe.D．Ahighrockettower.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“thestructurelookslikeit'swrappedingiantinflatablepillows”可知，这个建筑看起来像被一个巨大的充气式枕头包裹了一样，故参观时不能看到的是“一个巨大的充气式枕头”。故A项正确。22．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothearticle？CA．VisitorscanarriveattheentrancetothecenterbyonlytakingtheNo.54bus.B．Ittakesvisitors25minutestogettothecenterfromtheLeicesterstationbyridingabike.C．Snacksanddrinksareservedatreasonableprices.D．Althoughtheparkingfeeisreasonable,therearelimitedparkinglots.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Whataboutlunch？部分中的“servesreasonablypricedhotandcoldsnacksanddrinks”可知，快餐和饮料价格合理。游客可以自驾前往，故A项(只能乘坐54路公交车才能到)错误；25分钟是坐车花费的时间而非骑车花费的时间，故B项错误；文中未提到“停车区有限”，故排除D项。故选C项。23．Ifacouplewanttotaketheirdaughter,aprimaryschoolstudent,andtheir15­year­oldsontothespacecenter,howmuchwilltheyspendonthetickets？DA．￡45. B．￡57.C．￡42. D．￡54.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据Valueformoney部分中的“adults：￡15,5to16­year­olds：￡12”可知，一对夫妇要带上上小学的女儿和15岁的儿子去参观，需付(15＋15＋12＋12)＝54英镑。故D项正确。B(2021·山东新高考第一次模拟)Everysooften,someonesoyoungdoessomethingsoamazingthatyoucan'thelpbutwonderhowhemanagesit.That'swhathappenedthefirsttimeweheardMatthewWhitakerplaythepiano.Matthewisajazzpianistwhoisblind,andsincetheageof11,he'sbeenperformingaroundtheworld.MatthewWhitakerwasbornatthe24thweek.Heweighed1poundand11ounces.Hisparentsweretoldhehadalessthan50%chanceofsurvival.Oneofthemanycomplications(并发症)hefacedwasadiseasewhichledtoblindness.NooneinMatthew'sfamilywasamusician,buthisgrandfatherboughthimhisfirstkeyboardwhenhewasthreeyearsold.Itdidn'ttakelongforMatthewtoshowthathehadagift.SotheWhitakersdecidedtogetMatthewateacher，whichprovedtobedifficult.“Atthetime,wegotalotofanswersthathe'stooyoungandtheydon'tknowhowtoteachablindchild，”MosesWhitakersaid.“Hewasthreeyearsoldatthetime.”Finally,DaliaSakasagreedtomeetMatthew.DaliaisthedirectorofmusicstudiesatamusicschoolinNewYorkCity,aschoolforthevisuallyimpaired.Tohersurprise,Matthewcouldlistentoapieceofmusiconceandthenplayit.“BecauseitisraretomeetsuchapersonandIwanttomakethatpossible.”Shedid.Matthewhasplayedinmorethan200clubsandconcerthallsaroundtheworld.Hisloveofmusichasneverbeenindoubt.Matthew'slatestalbumiscalledNowHearThis.OnecriticnotedthatitsoundedlikeMatthewwasplayingwithsixhands.文章大意：MatthewWhitaker因为早产的并发症而失明，但他在钢琴演奏方面却有过人的天赋，经过了曲折的求学过程，Matthew最终取得了非凡的成就。24．WhichwordbestdescribesMatthewasapianist？CA．Fruitless. B．Ordinary.C．Remarkable. D．Ambitious.〖解析〗考查推断的能力。根据第一段最后一句可知，Matthew作为一名盲人钢琴家从十一岁时便开始了全球巡演，由此可知C选项“非凡的，引人注目的”符合题意。故选C。A项意为“徒然的；无成效的”；B项意为“平凡的，普通的”；D项意为“有雄心的，有野心的”。25．WhatwastherootcauseofMatthew'sblindness？AA．Hisprematurebirth.B．Hislowweight.C．Hislowchanceofsurvival.D．Adiseaserunninginhisfamily.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段可知，Matthew是一个早产儿，早产带来了很多并发症，其中的一种并发症导致他失明。故选A。26．WhatincreasedthedifficultyfindingMatthewamusicteacher?CA．Hisfamilybackground. B．Hislackoftalent.C．Hisageanddisability. D．Hischaracter.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第三段引号内的内容可知，老师们有很多回复说Matthew太小，且他们不知该如何教导一个盲人小孩，故可知C项“他的年龄和残疾”正确。27．WhydidDaliaacceptMatthewasherstudent？BA.BecauseshesympathizedwithMatthewforhisexperience.B．BecauseshewasstruckbyMatthew'stalentformusic.C．BecauseshegaveintotheinsistenceofMatthew'sgrandfather.D．Becausesheknewhowtoteachablindstudent.〖解析〗考查推断的能力。根据倒数第二段中的“Tohersurprise，Matthewcouldlistentoapieceofmusiconceandthenplayit.”和最后一句话可推知，Dalia被Matthew的音乐天赋打动了，决定教他。故选B。C(2021·日照市高三第一次校际联考)SinceNovemberlastyear,cyclistsinthenorthernDutchtown,Krommenie,havebeenpartofarevolutionaryexperiment—alengthof70metersofthetown'smainbikewayhasbeenresurfacedwithalayerofglasstiles(地砖)treatedwithanonslipcoating.Thepanels，whicharelaidonabedofconcrete,areonlyonecentimeterthickbutit'swhat'sinsidetheglassthatmakesthemtrulyimpressive—eachindividualsectioncontainsasolarcellandtogethertheyformonelongenergyproductionnetwork.Therewereanumberofreasonstostartwithabikepath.Oneisthatwhenyoustartaninnovationlikethisyouwantastepthatisdoable,butstillguaranteesthatthingsareprettysafeforroadusers.Inabikepath,theloadsarenottooheavyandtherequirementsarenottoosevere.TheKrommenieexperimenthasthreegoals.Oneistoseehowitperformstechnicallyandwhattheenergyproductionis.Thesecondgoalistoknowwhatthesatisfactionoftheusersis:dotheyhaveanykindofdiscomfortornegativeperception(看法)?Andthelastthingistoseeiftheroadmanagersarecomfortablewiththistypeofroadwhichiscompletelynew.Morethan150,000cyclistshaveusedthebikepathinthefirstsixmonthsofitsoperationandthetrialhasmetwithnoseriousproblems,evenduringrecenttestingusingheavyweightvehicles.Somewearandtearonthenon­slipcoatingwasexpectedandhasbeenrepaired.Despitethetrial'spromise,thereisstillonemajorproblemtodealwith—theinitialcostofroadconstructionusingthesolarpanelsishigherthanitisforstandardformsofsurfacing.Buttheresearcherspredictthatwillcomedownwhenthetechnologyentersmassproduction.文章大意：该文介绍了自去年11月以来，位于荷兰北部小镇Krommenie的一条70米长的城镇主自行车道被一层用防滑涂层处理的玻璃地砖重铺了路面。尽管其造价高昂，但研究者预料当该技术进入大规模生产时，其成本会下降。28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“panels”inthefirstparagraphreferto？BA．Bikeways. B．Glasstiles.C．Solarcells. D．Non­slipcoatings.〖解析〗考查理解词汇的能力。根据panels后面的修饰它的非限制性定语从句的意思“铺设在混凝土基座上”和本句后半部分提到的“每个单独的部分都包含一个太阳能电池”可知，panels指的应该是前面讲到的glasstiles。故选B。29．Whywastheexperimentstartedwithabikepath？DA．Itisveryeasytobuild.B．Itischeapandlight.C．Itisfrequentlyused.D．Itisworkableandsafe.〖解析〗考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第二段中的“Oneisthatwhenyoustartaninnovationlikethisyouwantastepthatisdoable,butstillguaranteesthatthingsareprettysafeforroadusers.”可知，选择自行车道开始实验的原因在于这样做既可行又安全。故D项正确。30．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureofsolarpanelroads？AA．Promising. B．Changeable.C．Uncertain. D．Impractical.〖解析〗考查理解观点的能力。根据最后一段中的“Buttheresearcherspredictthatwillcomedownwhenthetechnologyentersmassproduction.”可以推断，作者认为太阳能电池板道路前景好。故选A。promising“有希望的，有前途的”；changeable“可能变化的，易变的”；impractical“不现实的”；uncertain“不确定的”。31．Whatcanweinferaboutthesolarpanelroad？CA．Itstrialwasagreatsuccesswithnoproblems.B．Ithasnolimittotheweightofheavyvehicles.C．Itcannotbeputintoregularuseatthemoment.D．Itsmanagementwillbedifficultandexpensive.〖解析〗考查推断的能力。根据最后一段中的“Despitethetrial'spromise,thereisstillonemajorproblemtodealwith—theinitialcostofroadconstructionusingthesolarpanelsishigherthanitisforstandardformsofsurfacing.”可以推断，当前太阳能电池板道路还不适合投入正常使用。故C项正确。D(2021·湖南省四校高三摸底调研联考)Thesixthmassextinctionisnotaworryforthefuture.It'shappeningnow,muchfasterthanpreviouslyexpected,andit'sentirelyourfault,accordingtoastudypublishedMonday.Humanshavealreadywipedouthundredsofspeciesandpushedmanymoretothebrinkofextinctionthroughwildlifetrade,pollution,habitatlossandtheuseoftoxicsubstances.ThefindingspublishedinthescientificjournalProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesshowthattherateatwhichspeciesaredyingouthasacceleratedinrecentdecades.GerardoCeballosGonzález,aprofessorofecologyattheNationalAutonomousUniversityofMexicoandoneoftheauthorsofthestudy,saidapproximately173specieswentextinctbetween2001and2014.“173speciesis25timesmoreextinctspeciesthanyouwouldexpectunderthenormalextinctionrate,”hetoldCNNinanemail.Heandhisteamfoundthatinthepast100years,morethan400vertebrate(脊椎动物)specieswentextinct.Inthenormalcourseofevolution,suchextinctionwouldhavetakenabout10,000years,theysaid.Massextinctionisjustassevereasitsnamesuggests.TherehavebeenfivemassextinctioneventsintheEarth'shistory,eachwipingoutbetween70%and95%ofthespeciesofplants,animalsandmicroorganisms.Themostrecent,66millionyearsago,sawdinosaursdisappear.Thepasteventswerecausedbycatastrophicchangesoftheenvironment,includingmassivevolcaniceruptionsorcollisionwithanasteroid.Thesixthmassextinction—theonehappeningnow—isdifferent:scientistssayit'scausedbyhumans.Itisbadforhumans,too.“Whenhumanityexterminates(毁灭)populationsandspeciesofothercreatures,itissawingoffthelimbonwhichitissitting,destroyingworkingpartsofourownlifesupportsystem，”saidPaulEhrlich,awell­knownprofessorandaco­authorofthenewstudy.文章大意：由于野生动物贸易、污染、栖息地丧失和有毒物质的使用，人类已经使数百种物种灭绝，并将更多物种推向灭绝的边缘。研究表明，近几十年来物种灭绝的速度已经加快。32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“toxic”inParagraph2mean？AA．Poisonous. B．Useful.C．Alternative. D．Environment­friendly.〖解析〗考查理解词汇的能力。画线词所在句中的“wildlifetrade，pollution，habitatloss”与“theuseoftoxicsubstances”并列，由此推断画线词所在内容(theuseoftoxicsubstances)应是物种灭绝的原因之一，结合选项和常识可知A项正确。33．Howdoesthewriterconvincereadersoftheseriousnessofthemassextinction？AA．Bylistingreliablestatistics.B．Byimaginingapictureoftheextinction.C．BymentioningsomenewsfromCNN.D．Byexplainingthehistoryoftheextinction.〖解析〗考查理解文章结构的能力。通读第三段可知，2001年至2014年间，大约有173个物种灭绝，比我们预想的在正常灭绝速度下灭绝物种的数量多25倍；在过去的100年里，有400多种脊椎动物灭绝，在正常的进化过程中，这样的灭绝大约要花费一万年。据此可以判断，本文作者通过列举可靠的数据向读者证明了这次大规模灭绝的严重性。故A项正确。34．Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph？CA．Totellthedifferencebetweenthefifthandsixthextinction.B．Toexplainthecauseofthemassextinction.C．Towarnhumanstogetridoftheirwrongactions.D．Toshowthewriter'sconcernabouttheendangeredspecies.〖解析〗考查理解目的的能力。根据尾段表述的由人类导致的第六次大规模灭绝也对人类有危害可以推断，尾段旨在警告人们应当摒弃伤害大自然的错误行为。故C项正确。35．Whatdoesthisarticlemainlytalkabout？BA．Thechangesoftheenvironmentdoharmtowildlife.B．Thesixthmassextinctionismuchfasterthanexpected.C．Massextinctionisjustassevereasitsnamesuggests.D．Humanshavecausedtheextinctionofhundredsofspecies.〖解析〗考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究：第六次大规模灭绝正在发生，且比预期的快得多。据此可知，B项最能概括文意。第二节阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021·南京市高三学情调研)Howwillwekeepastronautsentertained?TheluckyresidentsoftheInternationalSpaceStationtake12­hourshifts,includingtwoandahalfhoursofgymtimeandsixandahalfhoursoflabwork,amongotherduties.36.F.Ifthetiming'sright,theycallhometocatchup.Theywatchtheirfavoritefootballgames.NASAhassentupplaythingslikeguitars,keyboards,aswellaschess.Stayingentertainedisvitalbecausewhenyou'reonlongspaceflights,feelingboredcanbedangerous.37.B.Breakingatoolisalotmoreworryingwhenyou'retryingtokeepaspaceshiponcourse.Notonlydoesplaytimekeepoperationsmooth,italsohelpsAmericansrelatetotheirhigh­flyingheroes.38.G.Maintaining(维持)aconstantlong­distancesignalwillbetough.Butwhenbandwidth(带宽)allows，HoustoncouldbeamTVseriesforbinge­watching(疯狂追剧)．Theagencyisalsolookingintovirtualrealitysospacetravelerscanspendanafternoonatthebeach.Whatwillthepeoplewesendtospacedoforfundecadesfromnow?“39.A，”repliesNASASeniorOperationalPsychologistJamesPicano.Foraglimpse,looktotheSouthPole'sMcMurdoResearchStation,whichoncehadabowlingalley(保龄球场)andnowfeaturesawineandcoffeebar.40.D.“Ifyousendsoldiersorscientiststosmallandenclosedenvironments,theywillfindwaystoplay.Itneverceasestoamazeme.”A．Boy,IhavenoideaB．ItmayleadtoperformanceerrorsC．ItcanenableastronautstoaccomplishtheirtasksD．AsaspecieswecanalwayscomeupwithnewideasE．WeencouragecontributionsfocusedonindividualneedsF．Theysleepforeighthours,leavinganotherfourfordoingnothingG．ButastronautsmightnotalwayshavethatsolidlinkwithEarth文章大意：宇航员在长期的太空飞行期间保持愉快的心情非常有利于降低危险发生的机率。为此，应当为宇航员创造娱乐的机会，如让他们观看喜欢的足球赛、玩玩象棋等。〖解析〗36．考查上下文衔接。根据上句可知，国际空间站的宇航员有十二小时在漂移中，在其职责范围内，他们有两个半小时从事体育运动，六个半小时从事实验工作。据此可以判断，空处介绍宇航员一天中其他十二小时的度过方式。故F项与此处匹配。37．考查上下文衔接。由前一句中的“feelingboredcanbedangerous”可知，感到厌倦是危险的；据此可以判断，空处承接上文，说明这种情况可能造成的危害。故B项正确。38．考查上下文衔接。根据下句可知，与地球保持远距离的连续联系是很困难的；据此可知，宇航员并不能经常与地球保持连续的联系。故G项正确。39．考查上下文衔接。根据下句中的“replies”和该段第一句的问题可知，空处是对所提问题的回答，结合选项可知。A项与此处匹配。40．考查上下文衔接。根据下文“Ifyousendsoldiersorscientiststosmallandenclosedenvironments，theywillfindwaystoplay.”可知，如果把士兵或科学家送到狭小封闭的环境中，他们会找到玩的方法。据此可知，我们总是能找到娱乐的新方法。故D项正确。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(2021·河南省洛阳市高三期中)MickPolly,wholiveswithhisteenagedaughterCarolinainahouse,isknownasthebikeman.Overthepastfiveyears,Mickhasrepairedand41.Bhundredsofbicyclesforneedykids.Oneday,a13­year­oldboywitha42.CbikewalkedbyMick'shouse.“Iwasworkinginmy43.D；andheaskedifIcouldfixit，”saysMick,now53.MickaskedfriendsonFacebookiftheyhadthe44.Apart.Thetown'sformerpolicechiefsawthe45.Canddonatedtwousedbicycles.Micktookpartsfromeachto46.Banewsetofwheelsfortheboy.Soonafter,Mick,who47.Datoybusiness,repairedabikefortheboy'sbrotherandbuiltoneforhissister.48.Aspread,andwithintheyear,hehadfixedupdozensofbikesfor49.Bkidswhoseparentscouldn't50.Ctobuynewones.Peoplewere51.Dbikesdayandnight,saysMick.He52.Dthebikesandbikepartsinhisgarage.53.B，thebikemanhasrepairedhundredsofcyclesand54.Aawaynearly700newlybuiltbikes.They'refreebutthekidsmust55.Ctotwothings:“They'vegottomindwhoever's56.Dthem,andthey'vegottostudyhardatschool.Ifakid's57.Carelow,Mickrequiresateacher's58.C,sayingthatthey'redoingtheirbest,”Micksays.Mickalsohopesthatthe59.Awillgetkidsoffthecouch(沙发)．“WhenIwasgrowingup,weallrodeourbikes.60.Athesekidscangetsomeexercise”Micksays.文章大意：这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了MickPolly在过去的五年里，一直为贫困的孩子修理和制造了数百辆自行车的事迹。他这么做是希望这些自行车能让孩子们从沙发上起来，得到一些锻炼。41．A.purchased B．builtC．invented D．found〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：在过去的五年里，米克为贫困的孩子修理和制造了数百辆自行车。A.purchased购买；B.built制造，修建；C.invented发明；D.found找到。根据后文“hundredsofbicyclesforneedykids”可知米克为贫困的孩子修理和制造了数百辆自行车。后文“nearly700newlybuiltbikes”也有〖提示〗。故选B。42．A.new B．sharedC．broken D．waste〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，一个骑着一辆坏了的自行车的13岁男孩经过米克的家。A.new新的；B.shared共享的；C.broken弄坏了的，破碎的；D.waste废弃的。根据后文“askedifIcouldfixit”可知男孩骑的车是坏了的。故选C。43．A.market B．studyC．office D．garage〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我在车库里工作，他问我能不能把它修好，”现年53岁的米克说。A.market市场；B.study书房，学习；C.office办公室；D.garage车库。根据上文“walkedbyMick'shouse”可推知米克当时最有可能在家中的车库里。后文“inhisgarage”也是〖提示〗。故选D。44．A.missing B．challengingC．best­selling D．developing〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意：米克在Facebook上问朋友们是否有自行车缺失的部件。A.missing缺少的；B.challenging有挑战性的；C.best­selling最畅销的；D.developing发展中的。根据后文“Micktookpartsfromeach”可知米克在网上找这辆自行车缺失的部件。故选A。45．A.truth B．emailC．post D．accident〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：镇里的前警察局长看到了这个帖子，并捐赠了两辆二手自行车。A.truth真理；B.email电子邮件；C.post帖子；D.accident事故。根据上文“MickaskedfriendsonFacebook”可知是看到网上的帖子。故选C。46．A.ride B．engineerC．buy D．examine〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：米克从每个车身上取零件，为这个男孩设计了一套新轮子。A.ride骑车；B.engineer设计；C.buy购买；D.examine检查。根据后文宾语“anewsetofwheels”可知是设计新轮子，应用engineer。故选B。47．A.obtains B．wantsC．protects D．owns〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久之后，米克拥有了一家玩具公司，他为那个男孩的哥哥修了一辆自行车，又为他妹妹造了一辆。A.obtains获得；B.wants想要；C.protects保护；D.owns拥有。根据后文“atoybusiness”可知此处指米克拥有一家玩具公司。故选D。48．A.Word B．WealthC．Children D．Bicycles〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：消息传开后，不到一年，他就为当地父母买不起新自行车的孩子们修好了几十辆自行车。A.Word消息；B.Wealth财富；C.Children孩子；D.Bicycles自行车。此处表示米克为当地买不起车的小孩修理自行车的消息传开了，wordspread表示“消息传开”。故选A。49．A.naughty B．localC．troublesome D．aggressive〖解析〗考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.naughty淘气的；B.local当地的；C.troublesome麻烦的；D.aggressive侵略性的。结合语境应是为当地的(local)孩子修理自行车，其他选项不符合语境。故选B。50．A.spare B．spendC．afford D．earn〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.spare抽出；B.spend花费；C.afford买得起；D.earn赚得。结合上文孩子们的自行车破旧了也只能修理而不是买新的，说明他们的父母买不起新车。故选C。51．A.breakingdown B．fallingfromC．makinguseof D．droppingoff〖解析〗考查动词短语辨析。句意：“人们不分昼夜地放下自行车，”米克说。A.breakingdown出故障；B.fallingfrom从……落下；C.makinguseof利用；D.droppingoff放下，减少。结合前后文语境“Peoplewere...bikesdayandnight”可知米克为大家修理自行车，所以人们是放下自行车。故选D。52．A.creates B．hidesC．practices D．stores〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把自行车和自行车零件储存在车库里。A.creates创造；B.hides隐藏；C.practices练习；D.stores储存。根据后文“thebikesandbikepartsinhisgarage”可知他把自行车和自行车零件储存在车库里。故选D。53．A.Totheend B．TodateC．Tobeginwith D．Tosumup〖解析〗考查短语辨析。句意：到目前为止，米克已经修理了数百辆自行车，并赠送了近700辆新造的自行车。A.Totheend到底；B.Todate到目前为止；C.Tobeginwith首先；D.Tosumup总之。结合后文“thebikemanhasrepairedhundredsofcycles”可知表示“到目前为止(Todate)，自行车人已经修理了数百辆自行车”。故选B。54．A.given B．thrownC．put D．got〖解析〗考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.givenaway赠送；B.thrownaway扔掉；C.putaway放好；D.gotaway逃离。结合后文“awaynearly700newlybuiltbikes”可知米克为孩子们修理好自行车，并且赠送了700辆新车。故选A。55．A.contribute B．devoteC．agree D．lead〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们是免费的，但孩子们必须同意两件事：“他们必须记住无论是谁抚养了他们，他们必须在学校努力学习。”A.contribute贡献；B.devote致力于；C.agree同意；D.lead领导。结合后文提到了米克对孩子们的两项要求，可知要得到这些免费自行车，孩子们必须同意两件事。故选C。56．A.educating B．needingC．recommending D．raising〖解析〗考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.educating教育；B.needing需要；C.recommending推荐；D.raising抚养，提高。后文“them”指的是孩子们，因此是让孩子们记住无论是谁在抚养他们，其他选项不符合语境。故选D。57．A.heights B．positionsC．grades D．spirits〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：“如果一个孩子的成绩很低，米克就需要一个老师证明，说他们已经尽力了，”米克说。A.heights高度；B.positions位置；C.grades成绩；D.spirits精神。结合后文“Mickrequiresateacher's”以及“they'redoingtheirbest”可知此处指的是孩子在学校的成绩低，故选C。58．A.presence B．noteC．certificate D．permit〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.presence出席；B.note笔记；C.certificate证明书，证书；D.permit允许。结合后文“sayingthatthey'redoingtheirbest”可知对于学习成绩低的孩子，米克需要他们的老师为他们证明，他们确实尽力了。故选C。59．A.bikes B．schoolsC．textbooks D．cars〖解析〗考查名词词义辨析。句意：米克还希望这些自行车能让孩子们从沙发上起来。A.bikes自行车；B.schools学校；C.textbooks课本；D.cars汽车。结合后文“weallrodeou