河南省2024年英语中考热点备考重难专题：一材多题型精讲（完形填空、语篇填空第一节、作文）【课件】

河南

英语一材多题型精讲2024中考备考重难专题课件课件思路简介

一、设计初衷：《义务教育英语课程标准（2022年版）》提到“充分认识语篇在传递文化意涵，引领价值取向，促进思维发展，服务语言学习、意义理解与表达等方面的重要作用。”基于此，特优选高质量语篇，改编成不同题型，使老师在讲解不同的阅读任务时，帮助学生多层次、多角度地理解语篇，进而提高学生的阅读理解能力。二、思路亮点：1.

采用精讲一材多题型的整体思路，即：把同一个语篇素材改编成3个不同的题型，以便多维度提升学生的阅读理解能力及写作水平；2.

结合2022全国创新考法，以“问题链”的形式研读语篇，方便老师精准透彻地讲解语篇；3.

站在学生的角度，动态可视化解题思路，培养学生的解题思维。三、适用场景：日常题型讲解或题型专项集训一材多题型精讲

语篇研读

语篇填空第一节1完形填空23

作文缩写401完形填空解题步骤第一遍：速读全文，获取信息主题文体人物背景内容①Rex'sfamilylivedonafarm.Hegrewupwithsome1there,suchassheep,chickens,pigsandsoon.Heoftenplayedwiththem,fedthemandsometimes2themeatofthem.②3Rexwassixyearsold,heenteredaprimaryschoolinthetown.Theschoolwassixkilometersawayfromhishome,soRex4gohomeforlunch.Thelunchprovidedbytheschoolhadlittlemeat,soRexreallywantedtoeatmeat.抓关键信息：首尾句③Oneevening,Rextoldhismothertoprepareaboxwiththe5insideforthenextday.Hismotherrepliedwithyesandrequiredthatheshouldgotosleep6．④Thenextmorning,Rex'smotherdrovehimtoschoolin7car.Attheschoolgate,shegavetheboxtoRexandtoldhimnottoplaywithitinfrontoftheschool8.Rexwasshockedatwhathismothersaidbuthesaidnothing.抓关键信息：首尾句⑤Thenwhenthelunchtimearrived,Rex9theboxtotheschoolrestaurant.Afterhegotthefood,hewantedtoaddthechicken.Rexwastryingtoopentheboxwhenhehearda10soundinsidethebox.⑥WhenRexcompletelyopenedthebox,hesawachicken11likeakiteoutofit.Itjumpedonhimandstartedmakingthesoundofachicken.Rexwasso12thathecouldn'tsayawordatthattime.抓关键信息：首尾句⑦Alltheotherkidsfoundthechicken.Theygatheredaroundhimand13thepet.Allappreciated(欣赏)howcutethepetchickenlookedanditcouldmakesuchabeautifulsound.Theywerealllaughingina14way.⑧ThenRex15thatheaskedhismothertopreparechickentoeatbuthismotherthoughthewantedtoplaywithhischickenpetatschool.Afterthat,Rexneveraskedhismothertoputchickeninthelunchbox.抓关键信息：首尾句主题文体人物背景内容记叙文人与社会Rex,Rex’smom,schoolkidsRexhadlittlemeatatschool.Rexaskedhismomtopreparechicken.①Rex'sfamilylivedonafarm.Hegrewupwithsome1there,suchassheep,chickens,pigsandsoon.Heoftenplayedwiththem,fedthemandsometimes2themeatofthem.1.A.plants B.animals C.persons D.cousins2.A.ate B.cooked C.bought D.smelt第二遍：细读文章，掌握文意+盲填+看选项（不会的跳过；不确定的，标记纠结项）第三遍：再读文章，加深理解+补齐答案指动物语境推断无法确定答案，跳过看下文？①...Heoftenplayedwiththem,fedthemandsometimes2themeatofthem.②3Rexwassixyearsold,heenteredaprimaryschoolinthetown.Theschoolwassixkilometersawayfromhishome,soRex4gohomeforlunch.Thelunchprovidedbytheschoolhadlittlemeat,soRexreallywantedtoeatmeat.2.A.ate B.cooked C.bought D.smelt3.A.Before B.Although C.Unless D.When4.A.mustn't B.needn't C.couldn't D.shouldn't主从句成分完整比较选项含义在……之前尽管除非当……逻辑推理学校离家远，所以不能回家吃饭。禁止不必不能不该语境推断照应上文2themeatofthem,他有时也会吃它们的肉。词汇复现语义逻辑无变化③Oneevening,Rextoldhismothertoprepareaboxwiththe5insideforthenextday.Hismotherrepliedwithyesandrequiredthatheshouldgotosleep6．5.A.soup B.fish C.rice D.chicken6.A.slowly B.early C.quietly D.exactly无法确定答案，跳过看下文？母亲答应他的要求，并要求他睡觉慢慢地早地安静地精确地比较选项，早睡更符合常理生活常识④Thenextmorning,Rex'smotherdrovehimtoschoolin7car.Attheschoolgate,shegavetheboxtoRexandtoldhimnottoplaywithitinfrontoftheschool8.Rexwasshockedatwhathismothersaidbuthesaidnothing.7.A.her B.his C.my D.your8.A.cleaners B.desks C.kids D.halls车是Rex妈妈的她的他的我的你的语境推断保洁员桌子孩子走廊无法确定答案，跳过看下文？⑤Thenwhenthelunchtimearrived,Rex9theboxtotheschoolrestaurant.Afterhegotthefood,hewantedtoaddthechicken.Rexwastryingtoopentheboxwhenhehearda10soundinsidethebox.9.A.gave B.sold C.handed D.took10.A.funny B.sweet C.strange D.clear指把盒子拿到餐厅给卖递拿比较选项语境推断无法确定答案，跳过看下文？⑤...Rexwastryingtoopentheboxwhenhehearda10soundinsidethebox.⑥WhenRexcompletelyopenedthebox,hesawachicken11likeakiteoutofit.Itjumpedonhimandstartedmakingthesoundofachicken.Rexwasso12thathecouldn'tsayawordatthattime.10.A.funny B.sweet C.strange D.clear11.A.flying B.jumping C.walking D.running12.A.tired B.surprised C.bored D.relaxed小鸡像风筝一样飞跳走跑语境推断有趣的甜美的奇怪的清楚的语境推断Rex惊讶到说不出话语境推断打开前不知道是小鸡小鸡发出声响⑦Alltheotherkidsfoundthechicken.Theygatheredaroundhimand13thepet.Allappreciated(欣赏)howcutethepetchickenlookedanditcouldmakesuchabeautifulsound.Theywerealllaughingina14way.13.A.agreedwith B.dealtwith C.playedwith D.helpedwith14.A.patient B.kind C.wonderful D.humorous围起来欣赏小鸡处理赞同玩耍帮助语境推断耐心的友好的精彩的幽默的语境推断⑧ThenRex15thatheaskedhismothertopreparechickentoeatbuthismotherthoughthewantedtoplaywithhischickenpetatschool.Afterthat,Rexneveraskedhismothertoputchickeninthelunchbox.15.A.forgot B.realized C.doubted D.refusedRex________他妈妈误解了他的意思。忘记意识到怀疑拒绝语境推断同学们不要漏填跳过的第5空、第8空哦~③Oneevening,Rextoldhismothertoprepareaboxwiththe5insideforthenextday...5.A.soup B.fish C.rice D.chicken⑧...heaskedhismothertopreparechickentoeatbuthismotherthoughthewantedtoplaywithhischickenpetatschool.Afterthat,Rexneveraskedhismothertoputchickeninthelunchbox.回溯原文盒子里装的是？汤鱼肉米饭鸡肉同词复现第四遍：通读全文，验证答案④Thenextmorning,Rex'smotherdrovehimtoschoolin7car.Attheschoolgate,shegavetheboxtoRexandtoldhimnottoplaywithitinfrontoftheschool8.Rexwasshockedatwhathismothersaidbuthesaidnothing.8.A.cleaners B.desks C.kids D.halls叮嘱不要在其他孩子面前玩儿保洁员桌子孩子走廊词汇复现⑦Alltheotherkidsfoundthechicken.Theygatheredaroundhimand13thepet.Allappreciated(欣赏)howcute...总结回顾第一遍：__________全文，获取信息第二遍：细读文章，掌握文意+___________+看选项（不会的______________；不确定的，___________________）第三遍：再读文章，加深理解+___________答案第四遍：通读全文，___________答案解题步骤盲填补齐跳过验证标记纠结项速读02语篇研读主题内容（What）①Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?SettingCharacterBeginningMiddleEnd体裁：___________大意：__________________________________________Where:

Rex’shome(onafarm) TheschoolrestaurantWhen:OnemorningRexRex’smomTheschoolkids①②Rex’shomewasfarfromhisschoolandhecouldhardlyeatmeatatschool.③...⑦Rex’smotherpreparedaboxwiththechickeninsideforhim,butaftertheboxopened,theschoolkidsalllaughed.⑧Rex’smotherputthechickentoplaywithbutnottoeatinthelunchbox.记叙文Rex在学校很少能吃到肉,所以请求妈妈在午餐盒里装上鸡肉,但妈妈却给他装了一只宠物鸡的故事。主旨大意方法：记叙文找人物、时间、地点、事件（开端、发展、结局）主旨大意题还有可能这么问：（1）Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?(河南2021.30)（2）Whatdoesthetext/passage(mainly)tellus?

(河南2017.60,2013.50,2011.55)（3）Whichisthemainlessonofthestory?(广州2021.29)事件顺序故事中所有事件发生的正确顺序是什么？a.Rexaskedhismomtopreparechickenforhim,andshesaidyes.b.Rex’smomdrovehimtoschoolandaskedhimnottoplaywithitinfrontofotherkids.Rexdidn’tunderstandwhathismomsaidandwasshocked.c.Rextooktheboxtotheschoolrestaurantatlunchtime.Beforeopeningthebox,Rexheardastrangesoundcomingoutofit.d.Afterheopenedthebox,achickenflewoutofit.e.Otherkidsfoundthechicken,playedwithitandlaughed.②Whatisthecorrectorderofalltheeventsinthestory?③HowdidRex'sfeelingschangeinthestory?Rex的情感在故事中发生了怎样的变化？情感变化Rex的家离学校很远，学校提供的午餐里肉很少，所以Rex让妈妈准备一些鸡肉放到盒子里。妈妈应他的要求给他准备了，并且叮嘱他不要在其他孩子面前跟它玩儿。对于这番叮嘱，Rex的表现是shocked，因为此时的他还没意识到妈妈给他放的是一只宠物鸡。到了午餐时间，他在打开盒子的过程中听到了奇怪的声音，完全打开后一只小鸡飞了出来。小鸡蹦到他的身上，唧唧地叫着。此时的Rex感到sosurprised。其他孩子发现小鸡之后，都围过来跟小鸡玩儿，大声笑了出来。在那之后，Rex就再也没有让他的妈妈把鸡肉放进午餐盒里了。推测Rex那时的情感是尴尬的embarrassed。Shocked/SurprisedEmbarrassed④WhichwordcanbestdescribeRex'smom?推断人物性格当Rex让妈妈给他准备鸡肉午餐吃时，妈妈答应了，且叮嘱他早点睡觉。在把Rex送到学校门口后，贴心叮嘱他不要在同学面前跟小鸡玩儿。由此可见，妈妈是一个贴心有爱的人。Caring./Loving.语篇目的（Why）①Whatisthewriter'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?作者写这篇文章的意图是什么？作者意图本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在农场长大的Rex离家远，在学校吃午饭。有一天他跟妈妈说想带鸡肉去学校，结果他妈妈误以为他想在学校玩他的宠物小鸡，便在盒子里放了一只小鸡，结果在学校闹了笑话。从那以后，Rex再也没有让他的妈妈在午餐盒里放鸡肉。（1）作者介绍Rex和妈妈之间的沟通产生了误会，导致的结果令人忍俊不禁。旨在引导学生在表达自己的方式方面需要仔细斟酌，严谨措辞，避免引起不必要的误会。语言是交流与合作的重要沟通工具，引导学生适当调整表达方式，沟通与交流遇到困难时，主动澄清或寻求帮助，体现出礼貌、得体与友善。（2）作者介绍Rex的妈妈对他的合理要求第一时间作出应允，体现了Rex家庭生活和睦。旨在引导学生感悟家庭成员间应彼此关爱，相互支持和鼓励，表达对家人的尊重与关爱。②Inwhichtonethepassagewaswritten?这篇文章是用什么语气写成的？写作语气作者在讲述Rex打开盒子前“heardastrangesound”,这让读者感受到事情有些许不妙，引发读者的好奇心。盒子打开后，作者描写小鸡像风筝一样飞出盒子“flyinglikeakiteoutofit”，蹦到Rex身上，唧唧地叫着。整个场面鲜活灵动，妙趣横生。之后，其他同学发现了小鸡，聚过来跟小鸡玩儿。在同学们的眼中，小鸡“cute”“makesuchabeautifulsound”，可见作者是以幽默逗趣的语气写这篇文章的。Humorous.结构语言——文体特征（How）文章体裁有人物、时间、地点、事件，所以是一个story。常见的文体还有poem（诗歌），letter（书信）,e-mail（电子邮件）,dialogue（对白）,interview（访谈），introduction（说明），advertisement（广告）...Whatisthetext?（河南2022.30）赏析：①作者描写Rex的成长环境时用到了liveonafarm,growupwith；举例介绍农场有很多种动物时用到了suchas。②作者描述Rex对妈妈在校门口的叮嘱十分不解时，使用了beshockedat以及saynothing，充分表达Rex震惊的心情。结构语言——语言赏析（How）liveonafarm,

growupwith,

suchas;beshockedat,

saynothing;同学们觉得这些词好在哪里呢？还有哪些词你认为用得好呢？hearastrangesound,seechickenflyinglikeakiteoutofit,sosurprisedthat...,can’tsayaword;

gatheraround,howcute...,makesuchabeautifulsound,laughinahumorousway赏析：③Rex打开餐盒前，听到了异响，使用了hearastrangesound；盒子打开后seechickenflyinglikeakiteoutofit。听觉视觉并用，比喻恰当，表现了小鸡的生动活泼，与Rex预期中的可食用鸡肉形成强烈反差。此时Rex惊讶的心情用sosurprisedthat...和can’tsayaword形容完全贴切。④作者对围观同学的表现也进行了刻画，使用了gatheraround。在表现同学们对小鸡的喜爱时，使用了感叹句howcute,makesuchabeautifulsound以及laughinahumorousway。副词：often,sometimes,never,really,then

并列连词：so,but,and从属连词：when,after表示时间/地点的介词短语：oneevening,thenextmorning,attheschoolgate,atthattime

代词：it,they赏析：①作者在组织故事时，用到了一些副词，如：频度副词often,sometimes,never，程度副词really及时间副词then，对故事主角的生活习惯和情感变化展开描述。②并列连词（so,but,and）的使用让文章衔接自然；从属连词（when,after）及表示时间/地点的介词短语（oneevening,thenextmorning,attheschoolgate,atthattime），让文章的叙事顺序更加明确，便于读者了解故事情节发展及人物的情感变化，阅读更加流畅。③代词it指代小鸡，they指代围观的同学，不仅使句子之间的衔接更加流畅，也让语言表达更加简洁。

同学们可以积累自己喜欢的单词、短语、句型，写作文的时候可以用哦~结构语言——长难句分析（How）译文：然后Rex意识到，他让母亲准备吃的鸡肉，但母亲认为他想在学校和他的宠物鸡一起玩。that后的从句作realize的宾语主语but连接并列成分heasked...toeat和hismotherthought...school谓语短语：asksb.todosth.要求某人做某事；playwith和……一起玩ThenRexrealizedthatheaskedhismothertopreparechickentoeatbuthismotherthoughthewantedtoplaywithhischickenpetatschool.03语篇填空第一节解题步骤第一步：分析选项，掌握词义词性第二步：根据语法，判定词性，缩小范围第三步：结合文意，确定词形what so prepare around drivehumortry complete he sheepsheep疑问词/引导词连词动词介词动词名词动词形容词代词名词①Rex'sfamilylivedonafarm.Hegrewupwithsomeanimalsthere,suchas1._____,chickens,pigsandsoon.Heoftenplayedwiththem,fedthemandsometimesatethemeatofthem.与chickens,pigs并列，应为描述动物种类的复数名词。n.:sheep

单复数同形what疑问词/引导词soconj.prepare

v.

aroundprep.

drivev.humorn.

try

v.complete

adj.hepron.sheep

n.②WhenRexwassixyearsold,heenteredaprimaryschoolinthetown.Theschoolwassixkilometersawayfromhishome,2.___Rexcouldn’tgohomeforlunch.Thelunchprovidedbytheschoolhadlittlemeat,soRexreallywantedtoeatmeat.③Oneevening,Rextoldhismotherto3.________________aboxwiththechickeninsideforthenextday.Hismotherrepliedwithyesandrequiredthatheshouldgotosleepearly．sodrive/try/prepare方框中动词较多，所填词待定前后句成分完整，空处填连词tellsb.to+动词原形what疑问词/引导词soconj.prepare

v.

aroundprep.

drivev.humorn.

try

v.complete

adj.hepron.sheep

n.drovewhattrying空处缺谓语动词，与交通方式相关，一般过去时hismothersaid，作shockedat的宾语④Thenextmorning,Rex'smother4.______himtoschoolinhercar.Attheschoolgate,shegavetheboxtoRexandtoldhimnottoplaywithitinfrontoftheschoolkids.Rexwasshockedat5._____hismothersaidbuthesaidnothing.⑤Thenwhenthelunchtimearrived,Rextooktheboxtotheschoolrestaurant.Afterhegotthefood,hewantedtoaddthechicken.Rexwas6.________toopentheboxwhenheheardastrangesoundinsidethebox.空处缺宾语从句引导词空处缺谓语动词，“when”表示两种动作在过去时间里同时进行比较try和prepare，“尝试打开”更符合语境⑥WhenRex7.__________openedthebox,hesawachickenflyinglikeakiteoutofit.Itjumpedon8.________andstartedmakingthesoundofachicken.Rexwassosurprisedthathecouldn'tsayawordatthattime.completelyhim7.____修饰opened，应为副词what疑问词/引导词soconj.prepare

v.

aroundprep.

drivev.humorn.

try

v.complete

adj.hepron.sheep

n.方框中无副词，考虑可转化为adv.的adj.看到小鸡飞出来，说明盒子完全打开了，故填complete的副词形式。on介词+代词宾格8.___指代Rexaroundwhat疑问词/引导词soconj.prepare

v.

aroundprep.

drivev.humorn.

try

v.complete

adj.hepron.sheep

n.⑦Alltheotherkidsfoundthechicken.Theygathered9._________himandplayedwiththepet.Allappreciated(欣赏)howcutethepetchickenlookedanditcouldmakesuchabeautifulsound.Theywerealllaughingina10.___________way.⑧ThenRexrealizedthatheaskedhismothertopreparechickentoeatbuthismotherthoughthewantedtoplaywithhischickenpetatschool.Aft