2019年考研英语(一)真题及答案解析2-阅读理解

Text1

FinancialregulatorsinBritainhaveimposedaratherunusualruleonthe

bossesofbigbanks.Startingnextyear,anyguaranteedbonusoftop

executivescouldbedelayed10yearsiftheirbanksareunderinvestigation

forwrongdoing.Themainpurposeofthis“clawback“ruleistohold

bankersaccountableforharmfulrisk-takingandtorestorepublictrustin

financialinstitution.Yetofficialsalsohopeforamuchlargerbenefit:more

longtermdecision-makingnotonlybybanksbutbyallcorporations,to

buildastrongereconomyforfuturegenerations.

//Short-termism,/orthedesireforquickprofits,hasworsenedinpublicly

tradedcompanies,saystheBankofEngland'stopeconomist.Andrew

Haldane.Hequotesagaintofclassicaleconomics；AlfredMarshall,in

describingthisfinancialimpatienceasactinglike“Childrenwhopickthe

plumsoutoftheirpuddingtoeatthematonce“ratherthanputting

themasidetobeeatenlast.

TheaveragetimeforholdingastockinboththeUnitedStatesandBritain,

henotes,hasdroppedfromsevenyearstosevenmonthsinrecent

decades.Transientinvestors,whodemandhighquarterlyprofitsfrom

companies,canhinderafirm'seffortstoinvestinlong-termresearchor

tobuildupcustomerloyalty.Thishasbeendubbed'/quarterly

capitalism11

Inaddition；newdigitaltechnologieshaveallowedmorerapidtradingof

equities,quickeruseofinformation,andthusshortersattentionspansin

financialmarkets."Thereseemstobeapredominanceofshort-term

thinkingattheexpenseoflong-terminvesting//saidCommissioner

DanielGallagheroftheUSSecuritiesandExchangeCommissionina

speechthisweek.

IntheUS,theSarbanes-OxleyAclof2002haspushedmostpublic

companiestodeferperformancebonusesforseniorexecutivesbyabouta

year,slightlyhelpingreduce“short-termism"Initslatestsurveyof

CEOpayJheWallStreetJournalfindsthant"asubstantialpart"of

executivepayisnowtiedtoperformance.

Muchmorecouldbedonetoencourage/long-termism,“suchas

changesinthetaxcodeandquickerdisclosureofstockacquisitions.In

France,shareholderswhoholdontoacompanyinvestmentforatleasttwo

yearscansometimesearnmorevotingrightsinacompany.

Withincompanies,therightcompensationdesigncanprovideincentives

forexecutivestothinkbeyondtheirowntimeatthecompanyandon

behalfofallstakeholders.Britain'snewruleisaremindertobankersthat

societyhasaninterestintheirperformance,notjustfortheshorttermbut

forthelongterm.

21.AccordingtoParagraphl,onemotiveinimposingthenewruleisthe

A.enhancebankers'senseofresponsibility

B.helpcorporationsachievelargerprofits

C.buildanewsystemoffinancialregulation

D.guaranteethebonusesoftopexecutives

22.AlfredMarshallisquotedtoindicate

A.theconditionsforgeneratingquickprofits

B.governments7impatienceindecision-making

C.thesolidstructureofpubliclytradedcompanies

D.^short-termism0ineconomicactivities

23.Itisarguedthattheinfluenceoftransientinvestmentonpublic

companiescanbe

A.indirect

B.adverse

C.minimal

D.temporary

24.TheUSandFranceexamplesandusedtoillustrate

A.theobstaclestopreventing"short-termism".

B.thesignificanceoflong-termthingking.

C.theapproachestopromotingwlong-termismM.

D.theprevalenceofshort-termthinking.

25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.FailureofQuarterlyCapitalism

B.PatienceasaCorporateVirtue

C.DecisivenessRequiredofTopExecutives

0.FrustrationofRisk-takingBankers

T1

解析

21.答案[A]enhancebankersrsenseofresponsibility

解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词Paragraph

1和onemotiveinimposingthenewrule定位到第一段第三句。

Themainpurposeofthis“clawback"ruleistoholdbankers

accountableforharmfulrisk-takingandtorestorepublic

trustinfinancialinstitution.这项〃回扣〃规则的主要目的是让银行家

为有害的风险承担责任，并恢复公众对金融机构的信任。正确答案A的

enhancebankers'senseofresponsibility增强银行家的责任感，是原

文的同义表达。干扰项B的helpcorporationsachievelarger

profits帮助公司获得更大的利润，并未提及，是常识性干扰。选项C的

buildanewsystemoffinancialregulation建立新的金融监管体

系,原文并未提及,属于无中生有;选项D的guaranteethebonuses

oftopexecutives保证高层管理人员的奖金与原文提到的any

guaranteedbonusoftopexecutivescouldbedelayed10

years任何有保证的高管奖金都可能推迟10年，表述相反，属于正反混

淆。

22.答案[D]“short-termism“ineconomicactivities

解析：本题目为例证题，考察论据和论点的内容。根据题干关键词

AlfredMarshall地位到第二段三句，但是考察论点，定位到论据的上一

句，“Short-termism“orthedesireforquickprofits,has

worsenedinpubliclytradedcompanies"短期主义"或对快速获利的

渴望，在公开交易的公司中变得更加严重。正确选项Dshort-termism"

ineconomicactivities经济活动中的短期主义，其中主语short-

termism是原文的原词。干扰项A的theconditionsforgenerating

quickprofits快速获利的条件，并非论点内容。选项B政府决策缺乏耐

心，无关内容。选项Cthesolidstructureofpubliclytraded

companies上市公司稳健结构,原文并未提及。

23.答案[B]adverse

解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节内容。根据题干关键词the

influenceoftransientinvestmentonpubliccompanies定位到

原文第三段第二句,.Transientinvestors,whodemandhigh

quarterlyprofitsfromcompanies,canhinderafirm'sefforts

toinvestinlong-termresearchortobuildupcustomer

loyalty.会妨碍公司投资于长期研究或建立客户忠诚度的努力，因此可知

此影响是不好的，正确选项Badverse不利的，A选项indirect,不直

接的选项Cminima极小值Dtemporary暂时的，因此只有B正确。

24.答案[C]theapproachestopromoting"long-termism".

解析：本题目为例证题，考察论点论据内容。根据题干关键词US

andFranceexamples定位到原文五六段，五段为美国的例子，六段为

法国的例子，第六段首句承前启后过渡到Muchmorecouldbedone

toencourage-long-termism，"要鼓励"长期主义"，还有很多工作要

做。正确选项Ctheapproachestopromoting"long-termism".促

进“长期主义”的方法。为原文的同意转换

25答案[B]PatienceasaCorporateVirtue

解析：本题目为主旨题，考察全文的主旨要义。纵观全文，文章围绕

西方国家的金融行业的短期主义投资和长期主义投资展开，第一段由一项

限制高管津贴措施引出话题。第二段介绍英国短期主义占主流，三段短期

主义的弊端，四段介绍美国现阶段的短期主义投资。五段六段举例美国，

法国为促进短期主义投资的措施，尾段再次呼应首段，注意长期投资。B

选项Patience对应原文的shorttemisim和longtemisim,

corporate原文多次出现，为本文的关键词，选项AFailureof

QuarterlyCapitalism季度资本主义的失败选项CDecisiveness

RequiredofTopExecutives高管需要决断力DFrustrationof

Risk-takingBankers冒险银行家的挫败感，都不能概括全文，只有B

选项正确

Text2

Gradeinflation—thegradualincreaseinaverageGPAs(grade-point

averages)overthepastfewdecades—isoftenconsideredaproductofa

consumererainhighereducation,inwhichstudentsaretreatedlike

customerstobepleased.Butanother,relatedforce—apolicyoftenburied

deepincoursecatalogscalled"gradeforgiveness"—ishelpingraiseGPAs.

Gradeforgivenessallowsstudentstoretakeacourseinwhichthey

receivedalowgrade；andthemostrecentgradeorthehighestgradeis

theonlyonethatcountsincalculatingastudentsoverallGPA.

Theuseofthislittle-knownpracticehasacceleratedinrecentyears,as

collegescontinuetodotheirutmosttokeepstudentsinschool(and

payingtuition)andimprovetheirgraduationrates.Whenthispracticefirst

starteddecadesago,itwasusuallylimitedtofreshmen,togivethema

secondchancetotakeaclassintheirfirstyeariftheystruggledintheir

transitiontocollege-levelcourses.Butnowmostcolleges,saveformany

selectivecampuses；allowallundergraduates,andevengraduatestudents,

togettheirlowgradesforgiven.

Collegeofficialstendtoemphasizethatthegoalofgradeforgivenessis

lessaboutthegradeitselfandmoreaboutencouragingstudentstoretake

coursescriticaltotheirdegreeprogramandgraduationwithoutincurring

abigpenalty."Untimely,“saidJackMiner,OhioStateUniversity/s

registrar,"weseestudentsachievemoresuccessbecausetheyretakea

courseanddobetterinsubsequentcontentsormasterthecontentthat

allowsthemtograduateontime.”

Thatsaid,thereisawayinwhichgradeforgivenesssatisfiescolleges"

ownneedsaswell.Forpublicinstitutions,statefundsaresometimestied

partlytotheirsuccessonmetricssuchasgraduationratesandstudent

retention—sobettergradescan,byboostingfigureslikethose,mean

moremoney.AndanythingthatraisesGPAswilllikelymakestudents一

who,attheendoftheday,arepayingthebill—feelthey'vegottena

bettervaluefortheirtuitiondollars,whichisanotherbigconcernfor

colleges.

Indeed,gradeforgivenessisjustanotherwaythatuniversitiesare

respondingtoconsumers'expectationsforhighereducation.Since

studentsandparentsexpectacollegedegreetoleadtoajob,itisinthe

bestinterestofaschooltoturnoutgraduateswhoareasqualifiedas

possible-oratleastappeartobe.Onthis,students'andcolleges'

incentivesseemtobealigned.

26.Whatiscommonlyregardedasthecauseofgradeinflation?

A.Thechangeofcoursecatalogs.

B.Students'indifferencetoGPAS.

C.Colleges'neglectofGPAS.

D.Theinfluenceofconsumerculture.

27.Whatwastheoriginalpurposeofgradeforgiveness?

A.Tohelpfreshmenadapttocollegelearning.

B.Tomaintaincolleges'graduationrates.

C.Topreparegraduatesforachallengingfuture.

D.Toincreaseuniversities'incomefromtuition.

28.AccordingtoParagraph5,gradeforgivenessenablescollegesto

A.obtainmorefinancialsupport.

B.boosttheirstudentenrollments.

C.improvetheirteachingquality.

D.meetlocalgovernments'needs.

29.Whatdoesthephrase"tobealigned"(Line5,Para.6)mostprobably

mean?

A.Tocounterbalanceeachother.

B.Tocomplementeachother.

C.Tobeidenticalwitheachother.

D.Tobecontradictorytoeachother.

30.Theauthorexaminesthepracticeofgradeforgivenessby

A.assessingitsfeasibility.

B.analyzingthecausesbehindit

C.comparingdifferentviewsonit.

D.listingitslong-runeffects.

T2

解析

26.答案[D]Theinfluenceofconsumerculture.

解析：本题目为原因细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词grade

inflation定位到第一段第一句。Gradeinflationisoften

consideredaproductofaconsumererainhighereducation,

inwhichstudentsaretreatedlikecustomerstobepleased通

常被认为是高等教育消费时代的产物在这个时代，学生被当作顾客来对

待。确答案D的Theinfluenceofconsumerculture.顾客文化的影

响，为原文的同意替换，consumer为原词。A选项Thechangeof

coursecatalogs.课程目录的变更，原文并未提及提到了教育，但没有

课程的变更，属于干扰选项。干扰项B的Students'indifferenceto

GPAS.学生又寸GPAS莫不关心和选项C的Colleges'neglectof

GPAS学生忽视GPAS,为无关信息；

27.答案[A]Tohelpfreshmenadapttocollege

learning.

解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词original

purposeofgradeforgiveness定位到第三段第二句,thispractice

指代上文的gradeforgiveness,,itwasusuallylimitedto

freshmen,togivethemasecondchancetotakeaclassin

theirfirstyear…给她们第二次机会去上课，.正确选项ATohelp

freshmenadapttocollegelearning.帮助新生适应大学学习,为原

文的同意表达，选项BTomaintaincolleges*graduationrates.维

持大学毕业率，选项CTopreparegraduatesforachallenging

future为毕业生准备迎接充满挑战的未来。选项DToincrease

universities'incomefromtuition.增加大学学费收入，均不正确

28.答案[A]obtainmorefinancialsupport.

解析：本题目为细节题，考察具体细节。根据题干关键词

Paragraph5,gradeforgivenessenablescolleges定位到第五段第

—z二句话，Thatsaid,thereisawayinwhichgrade

forgivenesssatisfiescolleges*ownneedsaswell.满足了大学生

自己的需要，具体需要在第二句，Forpublicinstitutions,state

fundsaresometimestiedpartlytotheirsuccessonmetrics

suchasgraduationratesandstudentretention对于公共机构来

说，国家基金有时与它们在毕业率和学生留校率等指标上的成功有部分联

系。sobettergradescan,meanmoremoney所以好的成绩意味着

更多的钱。正确选项Aobtainmorefinancialsupport.获得更多财政

上的支持/financial替换moremoney

29答案[C]Tobeidenticalwitheachother

解析：本题目为猜词题，考察学生对上下文的理解。根据题干信息

Line5,Para.6精准定位到第六段最后一句，在这一点上，学生和大学

的激励措施似乎是什么样的，我们应该定位到上一句话，因为学生和家长

都希望大学学位能带来一份工作，所以培养出尽可能合格的毕业生，或者

至少看起来，符合学校的最佳利益。由此可知，学校和学生有着共同的目

标，CTobeidenticalwitheachother彼止匕一致，ATo

counterbalanceeachother.互相制衡。B互相未卜充DTobe

contradictorytoeachother互相矛盾，只有C符合原文。

30答案[B]analyzingthecausesbehindit.

解析：本题目为主旨，表面问作者怎么样来探讨grade

forgiveness的实际操作，其实是考全文主旨。前两段都是谈及背后的原

因/第五段,第一句Thatsaid,thereisawayinwhichgrade

forgivenesssatisfiescolleges*ownneedsaswell也是说grade

forgiveness能够满足大学自身的需求，也是分析了grade

forgiveness的原因，正确选项Banalyzingthecausesbehindit.

分析了背后的原因。

Text3

ThisyearmarksexactlytwocenturiessincethepublicationofFrankenstein;

or,TheModernPrometheus,byMaryShelley.Evenbeforetheinventionof

theelectriclightbulb,theauthorproducedaremarkableworkof

speculativefictionthatwouldforeshadowmanyethicalquestionstobe

raisedbytechnologiesyettocome.

Todaytherapidgrowthofartificialintelligence(AI)raisesfundamental

questions:"Whatisintelligence,identity,orconsciousness?Whatmakes

humanshumans?"

Whatisbeingcalledartificialgeneralintelligence,machinesthatwould

imitatethewayhumansthink,continuestoevadescientists.Yethumans

remainfascinatedbytheideaofrobotsthatwouldlook,move,and

respondlikehumans,similartothoserecentlydepictedonpopularsci-fi

TVseriessuchas"Westworld"and"Humans".

Justhowpeoplethinkisstillfartoocomplextobeunderstood,letalone

reproduced,saysDavidEagleman,aStanfordUniversityneuroscientist

〃Wearejustinasituationwheretherearenogoodtheoriesexplaining

whatconsciousnessactuallyisandhowyoucouldeverbuildamachineto

getthere/1

ButthatdoesnztmeancrucialethicalissuesinvolvingAIarenztathand.

Thecominguseofautonomousvehicles,forexample,posesthornyethical

questions.Humandriverssometimesmustmakesplit-seconddecisions.

Theirreactionsmaybeacomplexcombinationofinstantreflexes,input

frompastdrivingexperiences,andwhattheireyesandearstellthemin

thatmoment.AI“vision“todayisnotnearlyassophisticatedasthatof

humans.Andtoanticipateeveryimaginabledrivingsituationisadifficult

programmingproblem.

Wheneverdecisionsarebasedonmassesofdata,“youquicklygetintoa

lotofethicalquestions/'notesTanKiatHow；chiefexecutiveofa

Singapore-basedagencythatishelpingthegovernmentdevelopa

voluntarycodefortheethicaluseofAI.AlongwithSingapore,other

governmentsandmega-corporationsarebeginningtoestablishtheirown

guidelines.Britainissettingupadataethicscenter.IndiareleaseditsAI

ethicsstrategythisspring.

OnJune7Googlepledgednotto“designordeployAl“thatwould

causeoverallharm,“ortodevelopAl-directedweaponsoruseAIfor

surveillancethatwouldviolateinternationalnorms.Italsopledgednotto

deployAIwhoseusewouldviolateinternationallawsorhumanrights.

Whilethestatementisvague,itrepresentsonestartingpoint.Sodoesthe

ideathatdecisionsmadebyAIsystemsshouldbeexplainable,transparent,

andfair.

Toputitanotherway:Howcanwemakesurethatthethinkingof

intelligentmachinesreflectshumanity,shighestvalues?Onlythenwill

theybeusefulservantsandnotFrankenstein7sout-of-controlmonster.

31.MaryShelley'snovelFrankensteinismentionedbecauseit

A.fascinatesAlscientistsallovertheworld.

B.hasremainedpopularforaslongas200years.

C.involvessomeconcernsraisedbyAltoday.

D.hassparkedseriousethicalcontroversies

32.InDavidEagleman'sopinion,ourcurrentknowledgeofconsciousness

A.helpsexplainartificialintelligence.B.canbemisleadingtorobotmaking.

C.inspirespopularsci-fiTVseries.D.istoolimitedforustoreproduceit

33.Thesolutiontotheethicalissuesbroughtbyautonomousvehicles

A.canhardlyeverbefound.

B.isstillbeyondourcapacity.

C.causeslittlepublicconcern.

D.hasarousedmuchcuriosity.

34.Theauthor'sattitudetowardGoogle'spledgesisoneof

A.affirmationB.skepticism.

C.contemptD.respect

35.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.AI'sFuture:IntheHandsofTechGiants

B.Frankenstein,theNovelPredictingtheAgeofAl

C.TheConscienceofAI:ComplexButInevitable

D.AIShallBeKillersOnceOutofControl

T3

解析

31、【答案】[C]involvessomeconcernsraisedbyAItoday

【解析】由题干表述可判断本题为典型的观点例证题，所证观点就在

例证前后，该例子出现在篇首，引出主题在后。由此可知本题定位句为第

一段最后一句话。与选项比对可知，C项为"…thatwould...to

come"部分的同义转述，故为正确答案。其中，involves对应

foreshadow,someconcerns对应manyethicalquestions,剩余

部分对应选项中的raisedbyAItoday,其余选项在原文均无依据，故

排除。

32、【答案】[D]istoolimitedforustoreproduceit

【解析】观点细节题。根据题干中的DavidEagleman定位到文中

第四段第一句，该段第二句therearenogoodtheories与题干中的

knowledge属于等价代换，该段第二句中的consciousness与题干中

的consciousness对应，第一句表明光人们如何思考就复杂到难以理解

的程度更不用说要复制它了，第二句表明我们没有解释什么是

consciousness的理论，与选项D吻合。题干ourcurrent

knowledgeofconsciousness及选项istoolimitedforus与定位

句中的therearenogoodtheoriesexplainingwhat

consciousnessactually属于等价代换，选项reproduceit与定位句

中reproduced属等价代换。选项A、选项B及选项C基于文中出现的

artificialintelligence,robot及sci-fiTVseries错误弓|申。

33、【答案】［B］isstillbeyondourcapacity.

【解析】细节题。根据题干中的autonomousvehicles定位到第五

段第二句。该句出现forexample,可知autonomousvehicle是具体

的例子。篇中的例子是为了证明论点，应往前看，即证明第一句的观点：

涉及人工智能的伦理问题在我们身边（注意这里doesn't和aren't为双重

否定），说明问题依然存在。选项［B］与题干结合含义为：找出由自动驾驶

车带来的人工智能伦理问题的解决方法超出了我们的能力。与文章含义一

致。［A］选项过于绝对，且从第六段可以看出，不同国家、公司在找解决问

题的方法。［C］选项和［D］选项的publicconcern和curiosity这些信息

词在原文中未涉及，属无中生有。

34、【答案】［A］affirmation

【解析】态度题。根据题干中的theauthor'sattitude,

Google'spledges,回文定位到第七段，第八段，但其七段都是在讲

Google'spledge，继续看第八段，开头while,转折,whilethe

statementisvague,与vague相反的即是观点，这个地方没有说是谁

的观点，无人认领的观点即是作者的观点。vague是情感向下的词语，相

反方向应是正向情感。［B］skepticism［C］contempt都是负向情感,全

部排除。［D］respect,虽是正向情感,其程度太深。所以选

affirmation.

35、【答案】CTheConscienceofAI:ComplexButInevitable

【解析】主旨题。本文首段通过引用MaryShelley的书引出本文要

探讨的话题新技术所引发的道德问题。第二段更是明确指出AI引起了一

些问题。第三段和第四段对第二段提出的两个问题进行了详细的阐述，表

明我们并不能确定智能化的程度以及因为所处环境的复杂无法定义人类自

我意识。而在第五段转折之后明确指出AI所涉及的道德问题已经触手可

及了。全篇复现了AI和conscience这两个关键词，因此正确答案为

C,TheConscienceofAI:ComplexButInevitable.

选项A中的TechGiants是文章没有提及的概念。尽管文章以

Frankenstein这本书为引子，但是这本书并没有预测AI,而是AI技术

引发的道德问题，故排除选项B。作者在最有一段表明了对未来积极的态

度，AI的发展并非代替人类的最高智慧，最终还是会为人类所用，故排除

选项D,该选项中的AIshallbekillers呈现负向态度。

Text4

Stateswillbeabletoforcemorepeopletopaysalestaxwhentheymake

onlinepurchasesunderaSupremeCourtdecisionThursdaythatwillleave

shopperswithlighterwalletsbutisabigfinancialwinforstates.

TheSupremeCourt'sopinionThursdayoverruledapairofdecades-old

decisionsthatstatessaidcostthembillionsofdollarsinlostrevenue

annually.Thedecisionsmadeitmoredifficultforstatestocollectsalestax

oncertainonlinepurchases.

Thecasesthecourtoverturnedsaidthatifabusinesswasshippinga

customer'spurchasetoastatewherethebusinessdidn'thaveaphysical

presencesuchasawarehouseoroffice,thebusinessdidn'thavetocollect

salestaxforthestate.Customersweregenerallyresponsibleforpaying

thesalestaxtothestatethemselvesiftheyweren'tchargedit,butmost

didn'trealizetheyoweditandfewpaid.

JusticeAnthonyKennedywrotethatthepreviousdecisionswereflawed.

“Eachyearthephysicalpresencerulebecomesfurtherremovedfrom

economicrealityandresultsinsignificantrevenuelossestotheStates//

hewroteinanopinionjoinedbyfourotherjustices.Kennedywrotethat

therule"limitedstates'abilitytoseeklong-termprosperityandhas

preventedmarketparticipantsfromcompetingonanevenplayingfield.”

Therulingisavictoryforbigchainswithapresenceinmanystates,since

theyusuallycollectsalestaxononlinepurchasesalready.Now,rivalswill

bechargingsalestaxwheretheyhadn'tbefore.Bigchainshavebeen

collectingsalestaxnationwidebecausetheytypicallyhavephysicalstores

inwhateverstateapurchaseisbeingshippedto.A,withits

networkofwarehouses,alsocollectssalestaxineverystatethatchargesit,

thoughthird-partysellerswhousethesitedon'thaveto.

Untilnow,manysellersthathaveaphysicalpresenceinonlyasinglestate

orafewstateshavebeenabletoavoidchargingsalestaxeswhenthey

shiptoaddressesoutsidethosestates.SellersthatuseeBayandEtsy,

whichprovideplatformsforsmallersellers,alsohaven'tbeencollecting

salestaxnationwide.UndertherulingThursday,statescanpasslaws

requiringout-of-statesellerstocollectthestate'ssalestaxfromcustomers

andsendittothestate.

Retailtradegroupspraisedtheruling,sayingitlevelstheplayingfieldfor

localandonlinebusinesses.Thelosers,saidretailanalystNeilSaunders,

areonline-onlyretailers,especiallysmallerones.Thoseretailersmayface

headachescomplyingwithvariousstatesalestaxlaws.TheSmallBusiness

&EntrepreneurshipCounciladvocacygroupsaidinastatement,"Small

businessesandinternetentrepreneursarenotwellservedatallbythis

decision."

36.TheSupremeCourtdecsionThursdaywill

A.Dettebusiness'relationswithstates

B.putmostonlinebusinessinadilemma

C.makemoreonlineshopperspaysulestax

D.forcesomestatestocutsalestax

37.Itcanbelearnedfromparagraphs2and3thattheoverruled

desicisuns

A.haveledtothedomainanceofe-commerce

B.havecostconsumersalotovertheyears

C.werewidelycriticzedbyonlinepurchases

D.wereconsiderupfavorablebystates

38.AuordingtoJusticeAnthonyKennedy,thephysicalpreserncerulehas

A.hinderedeconomicdevelopment.

B.broughtprosperitytothecountry

C.harmedfairmarketcompetition

D.Doostedgrowthinstates,revenue

39.WhoaremostlikelytowelcometheSupremeCourtruling

A.InternetenterpreneursB.Big-chairowners

B.Third-partysellersD.Smallretailers

40.IndealingwiththeSupremeCourtdecisionThursday,theauthor

A.givesafactualaccountofitarddiscussesitsconsequences

B.describesthelongardcomplicatedprocessofitsmaking

C.pressentsitsmainpointswithconflictingviewsonthem

D.citiessomesacesrelatedtoitardanalyzestheirimplications

T4

解析

36、【答案】[C]makemoreonlineshopperspaysalestax

【解析】根据题干可知这是一道典型的细节题。根据题干关键词〃The

SupremeCourtDecisionThursday"定位至U首段