河北省实验中学2025届高三英语上学期期中试题含解析

PAGEPAGE24河北省试验中学2025届高三英语上学期期中试题（含解析）考试时间：120分钟总分：150分第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatdoesJasonplantodotoday?A.Visitaschool.B.Godowntown.C.Lookafterhisson.2.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Colleagues.C.Waiterandcustomer.3.WhyisMikegoingtoCharleroi?A.Tomeetfriends.B.Totakephotos.C.Tovisitamuseum.4.Whatdrinkwillthemanhave?ABeer.B.Juice.C.Milk.5.Wheredoesthewomanliketowork?A.Atarestaurant.B.Ataschool.C.Atasupermarket.其次节听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至7题。6.WhatdoesthearticletellusaboutChristmasshopping?A.Thebesttime.B.Thebestplaces.C.Thewaytosavemoney.7.Whatdayisittoday?A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。8.HowdidChristophereatontheweddinginIndia?A.Byusingaspoonandafork.BByusingchopsticks.C.Byusinghishands.9.WhatdidChristopherthinkofthefood?A.Terrible.B.Justso-so.C.Delicious.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Wheredothespeakerslive?A.Inacity.B.Inatown.C.Inavillage.11.WhatdoesHenryespeciallywanttodo?A.Gohiking.B.Surfinthesea.C.VisitKingArthur'sbirthplace.12.WhatismostprobablytheWateringHole?A.Anisland.B.Ahotel.C.Acafe.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.WhoisMike?A.Ateacher.B.Awriter.C.Anurse.14.Whatisthemanbestat?A.Organizingclassesandmaterials.B.Communicatingwithothers.C.Givingordersasaleader.15.Whatmadethemangetintoteaching?A.Hisinterest.B.Theeasywork.C.Thehighsalary.16.Whendidthemanbecomeateacher?A.Attheageof25.B.Attheageof28.C.Attheageof30.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.WaystolearnLatinwell.B.AttemptstobringLatintolife.C.TheoriginoftheLatinlanguage.18.HowoftenistheVaticanRadionewsbroadcast?A.Everyday.B.Onceaweek.C.Fivetimesamonth.19.WhatmakesLucaDesiata’sbookspecial?A.Beingwrittenintwoancientlanguages.B.Beingtranslatedintoseveralversions.C.Beingaboutcrosswordpuzzles.20.WhatdidCarloEggertrytodo?A.RenewLatinthroughtrytodo.B.CreatesomenewLatinwords.C.FormLatinFacebookgroups.其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题，每题2.5分，共37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThevastCaspianSea,thoughsometimesclassedasalake,isthelargestlandlockedbodyofwaterintheworld.ThegatewaybetweenEuropeandAsia,itisborderedbyIrantothesouth,AzerbaijanandRussiatothewestandTurkmenistantotheeast,whileKazakhsta’sMangystauregionliestothenortheast.ManyvisitorscrowdtoCaspianSeaeveryyeartoexperienceitsbeauty.FISHINGFishingisapopularpastimeandimportantindustrythroughoutthewatersoftheCaspianSea.FromtheshoresofMangystauinKazakhstan,itispossibletorentfishingboatsorjoinfishingtourstospendadayfishingonthewater.SAILINGTheCaspianSeaisfilledwithboats,ferriesandships.ItisapopularwaytotravelfromothermajorportcitiessuchasBakuinAzerbaijantoAktau,ordownthemightyVolgaCanal.Meanwhile,onasmallerscale,boatscanberentedfromAktauforadayonthewater.WATERSPORTSThebeachesofMangystau,lappedbythewatersoftheCaspianSea,arethejumpingoffpointsformanypopularwatersports.Inthesummermonthsespecially,visitorsenjoysunbathingandtakingarefreshingdip,whilemoreactiveholidaymakerscanwindsurfandparasailtotheirhearts’delight.1.HowmanycountriesaretherecirclingaroundtheCaspiansea?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.2.WhatcanyoudoifyouwanttofishontheCaspianSea?A.Buyyourownboat. B.Employalocalfisher.C.Rentafishingboat. D.Buyfishontheboat.3.Whatwillyoudoifyouareanadventurousperson?A.Goswimming. B.Godiving. C.Gosunbathing. D.Gowindsurfing.【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了里海。由于它独特的地理位置，每年大量游客去里海感受它的魅力。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。在文章第一段句子“ItisborderedbyIrantothesouth,AzerbaijanandRussiatothewestandTurkmenistantotheeast,whileKazakhsta’sMangystauregionliestothenortheast.”中，提到了里海的四周共有Iran、Azerbaijan、Russia、Turkmenistan和Kazakhsta五个国家。可知，总共有五个国家围围着里海。故选C项。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。由题干中的fish定位到文章其次段，由其次段中的句子“Itispossibletorentfishingboatsorjoinfishingtourstospendadayfishingonthewater.”可知，在里海游客们可以租船或者参与钓鱼旅游团在水上钓鱼度过一成天。可知假如你想在里海钓鱼，你要租一艘渔船。选项C“Rentafishingboat租船”符合题意。故选C项。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。由文章最终一段句子“…whilemoreactiveholidaymakerscanwindsurfandparasailtotheirhearts’delight.”可知，更活跃的度假者可以选择风帆冲浪和滑翔伞来愉悦自己。可知假如你是个爱冒险的人，你可以选择风帆冲浪。选项D“Gowindsurfing.去冲浪”符合题意。故选D项。【点睛】所谓细微环节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文详细叙述本身发问。一般包括干脆理解题可以在原文中可干脆找到答案，常用who,what,when,where,why和how等提问。以上三个小题都是细微环节理解题。做这类题一般采纳寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。BThejuriesentered.Istoodbesidethelawyerandmybrother,Jimmy.Itremindedmeofourchildhood—asthingsoftendid—whenweplayedthegame“SimonSays”,wewouldreactatthesametimeinharmonywhenhearingallkindsoforders.“Simonsaysjump,Simonsaystouchyourtoes”—itwasalmostthesame.Almost.Whenwegrewup,mybrotherhadchosenaseparatelife,leavingmealone.Imissedhimalot.Today,though,weweretogether,standingincourt,waitingforthesentence.Theguiltyverdictwasread.Isatdown,butmybrothercried,“No!I’minnocent.”Andthenheturnedtome,yelling,“Howcanyoudothistome,James!Ifinallycanmakeanewlifebymyself.”“Stopthis,”thejudgeyelled,“thejurieshavemadethedecision.”“Butit’snotfair!”mybrotherreplied,“Ididn’tkillanyone.”IwishedIcouldexplain,butIsaidnothingbecausethisistheonlywaywecanbetogetheragain.Thejudgepulledhisglassesfromhisface.“Bylaw…”“Thelawisunjust,”mybrothersaid.Thejudgewipedhiseyes,and,tomysurprise,saidcalmly.“Yes,”henoddedhisglassesaside.“Iagreewithyouaboutthat.Lawismeanttoprotecttheinnocent.Andyoucertainlyseeminnocent.ButhowcanItell?Youtwoareclones.Yourfaces,yourfingerprints,evenyourDNAmatchexactly.That’swhywhenoneisfoundguilty,allothers…”Thejudgesighed,replacedhisglasses,andbangedthehammer.“Isentenceyoubothtotwentyyears.”Together,thecourtguardledusaway.Mybrother’sheadbowedindefeat,butIwalkedupright,forIwouldnolongerbealone.4.HowdidJamesthinkoftheirchildhood?A.HefeltsorryforJimmy. B.Hehadbeenincourtbefore.C.Hefeltguiltyabouthispast. D.Hemissedthegoodolddays.5.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.Twoboyshadnothingincommon. B.Thetwobrothersbehavedalike.C.Theyoncequarreledwitheachother. D.Neitherofthemlikedlivingtogether.6.Whatdoweknowaboutthelawfromthetext?A.Clonedbrothersshouldlivetogether. B.Thecloningofhumanbeingisforbidden.C.Clonedbrothersarebothguiltyifoneisguilty. D.Clonedbrotherscanliveapartwhengrowingup.7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.Jameswasinnocent. B.Jimmydidkillsomeone.C.Jamesknewnothingaboutthelaw. D.Jamestookadvantageofthelaw.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了詹姆斯利用法律会判处两个克隆人都有罪的规定，将自己的哥哥吉米和自己同时被判入狱，从而达到和哥哥再次在一起的目的。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“Itremindedmeofourchildhood—asthingsoftendid—whenweplayedthegame‘SimonSays’,wewouldreactatthesametimeinharmonywhenhearingallkindsoforders.'Simonsaysjump,Simonsaystouchyourtoes'—itwasalmostthesame.Almost.Whenwegrewup,mybrotherhadchosenaseparatelife,leavingmealone.Imissedhimalot.”可知这让我想起了我们的童年——就和平常一样，当我们玩“SimonSays”嬉戏时，听到各种指令时，我们会同时做出一样的反应。“Simon说跳，Simon说碰你的脚趾头”——我们的反应几乎是一样的。当我们长大后，我哥哥选择了单独生活，留下我一个人。我很惦念他。由此可知，詹姆斯怀念童年的美妙时间。故选D。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“whenweplayedthegame‘SimonSays’,wewouldreactatthesametimeinharmonywhenhearingallkindsoforders.”可知当我们玩“SimonSays”嬉戏时，听到各种指令时，我们会同时做出一样的反应。由此可知，这两兄弟的行为很像。故选B。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据倒数第三段中“Youtwoareclones.Yourfaces,yourfingerprints,evenyourDNAmatchexactly.That’swhywhenoneisfoundguilty,allothers…(你们俩是克隆人。你们的脸，你们的指纹，甚至你们的DNA都完全吻合。这就是为什么一个人被判有罪，其他人……)”以及倒数其次段中“Isentenceyoubothtotwentyyears.(我判你们俩二十年徒刑)”由此可知，法律规定，假如克隆兄弟中有一人有罪，那么两人都有罪。故选C。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数第六段“IwishedIcouldexplain,butIsaidnothingbecausethisistheonlywaywecanbetogetheragain.(我希望我能说明清晰，但我什么也没说，因为只有这样我们才能再次在一起)”再结合后文法官判他们两人都要入狱，可知詹姆斯为了和哥哥在一起，利用法律中“克隆兄弟中有一人有罪，那么两人都有罪”的规定，让自己和哥哥同时被判入狱。故选D。CProfessorAshokGoelofGeorgiaTechdevelopedanartificiallyintelligentteachingassistanttohelphandlethenumerousquestionsfromstudentsintheonlineclass.ProfessorGoelalreadyhad8teachingassistants,butthatwasn’tenoughtodealwiththehugenumberofquestionsfromstudents.Manystudentsdropoutofonlinecoursesforlackofteachingsupport.Whenstudentsfeelconfusedandreachoutwithquestionsthatgounanswered,theirmotivationtocontinuebeginstofade.ProfessorGoeldecidedtodosomethingtochangethissituationbycreatingavirtualassistantnamedJillWatson,whichisbasedontheIBMWatsonplatform.GoelandhisteamdevelopedseveralversionsofJillWatsonbeforereleasinghertotheonlineforums.Atfirst,thevirtualassistantwasn’ttoogreat.ButGoelandhisteamsourcedtheonlinediscussionforumtofindall40,000questionsthathadeverbeenaskedsincetheclassstarted.ThentheybegantofeedJillwiththequestionsandanswers.Aftersomeadjustment,Jillwasabletoanswerthestudents’questionscorrectly97%ofthetime.Thevirtualassistantbecamesoadvancedandrealisticthatthestudentsdidn’tknowshewasacomputer.Thestudents,whowerestudyingartificialintelligence,wereinteractingwithartificialintelligenceandcouldn’ttellitapartfromarealhumanbeing.Goeldidn’tinformthemaboutJill’strueidentityuntilApril26.Thestudentswereactuallyverypositiveabouttheexperience.ThegoalofProfessorGoel’svirtualassistantnextyearistotakeoveranswering40%ofallquestionsraisedbystudents.Thename,JillWatsonwillofcourse,changetosomethingelsenextterm.ProfessorGoelhasamuchrosieroutlookonthefutureofAIthansay,ElonMusk,StephenHawking,BillGatesorSteveWozniak.8.ProfessorGoelcreatedavirtualteachingassistantbecause.A.hiscoursewasnotinterestingenough B.hefeltconfusedabouthowtoteachonlineC.students’questionsweretoomanytohandle D.hisstudentswereunsatisfiedwiththeassistants9.WhatdowelearnaboutJillWatson?A.Sheturnedouttobeagreatsuccess.B.Shewasunwelcometostudentsatfirst.C.Hertrueidentitywasstillasecrettostudents.D.Hernamewillbekeptforthenextvirtualassistant.10.WhatdoesProfessorGoelplantodonextwithJillWatson?A.Replaceherwithdifferentversions. B.Enablehertoanswermorequestions.C.Recommendhertosomefamouspeople. D.Equipherwithnewquestionsandanswers.11.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.ArobotnamedJillWatsongivesanonlinecourse.B.Robotswilltakehumans’placeinonlineclassesinthefuture.C.Avirtualteachingassistantisgettingpopularamongthestudents.D.Avirtualteachingassistanthelpssolveonlinequestionsinlargequantities.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。佐治亚理工学院的AshokGoel教授开发了一种人工智能教学助手，以帮助处理在线课堂上学生提出的众多问题。文章主要介绍了Goel教授和他的团队开发这款名为JillWatson的虚拟助手的经过，以及学生们对它的反应和这款虚拟助手将来的前景。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段中“ProfessorAshokGoelofGeorgiaTechdevelopedanartificiallyintelligentteachingassistanttohelphandlethenumerousquestionsfromstudentsintheonlineclass.”可知佐治亚理工学院的AshokGoel教授开发了一种人工智能教学助手，以帮助处理在线课堂上学生提出的众多问题。由此可知，由于学生的问题太多，Goel教授创建了一个虚拟的教学助手。故选C。【9题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段中“Aftersomeadjustment,Jillwasabletoanswerthestudents’questionscorrectly97%ofthetime.Thevirtualassistantbecamesoadvancedandrealisticthatthestudentsdidn’tknowshewasacomputer.Thestudents,whowerestudyingartificialintelligence,wereinteractingwithartificialintelligenceandcouldn’ttellitapartfromarealhumanbeing.(经过一些调整，吉尔回答学生问题的正确率达到了97%。虚拟助理变得如此先进和现实，以至于学生们都不知道她是一台电脑。探讨人工智能的学生在与人工智能进行交互时无法将其与真人区分开来)”以及后文“Thestudentswereactuallyverypositiveabouttheexperience.”可知学生们事实上对这次经验特别乐观。由此可知，结果JillWatson获得了巨大的胜利。故选A。【10题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中“ThegoalofProfessorGoel’svirtualassistantnextyearistotakeoveranswering40%ofallquestionsraisedbystudents.”可知Goel教授的虚拟助理明年的目标是回答学生提出的40%的问题。由此可知，Goel教授接下来支配使JillWatson能够回答更多的问题。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段中“ProfessorAshokGoelofGeorgiaTechdevelopedanartificiallyintelligentteachingassistanttohelphandlethenumerousquestionsfromstudentsintheonlineclass.”可知佐治亚理工学院的AshokGoel教授开发了一种人工智能教学助手，以帮助处理在线课堂上学生提出的众多问题。结合文章主要介绍了Goel教授和他的团队开发这款名为JillWatson的虚拟助手的经过，以及学生们对它的反应和这款虚拟助手将来的前景。由此推断，文章主要内容为虚拟助教帮助解决大量的在线问题。故选D。DTinyastheyare,batshavetheabilityto"see"inthedarkbyusingaspecialskillcalledecholocation(回声定位法）.Theymakenoisesandwaitforsoundwaves,oranecho,tobouncebackoffobjects.Theycantellthedistanceofvariousobjectsbyhowquickly,thesoundwavesbouncebackoffthem.Ifnosoundbouncesback,theycanthenflyforward.Thisspecialabilityhasbeencopiedinthehumanworldfora1ongtime，suchasinsubmarinesandplanes.Butapartfromhelpingvehicles“see”wheretheyare,whatifblindpeoplecoulduseecholocationforthemselves?AmericanDanielKish.whoisblind,1sknownas"batman."Thisisn'tbecausehewalksaroundinacape(披风)andamask,butbecausehehasabat-likeabilitytolocatewhereheisthroughsharpclickshemakesbymovinghistongueagainsttheroofofhismouth.Kishissoskilledatecholocatingthathecanrideabikeandhikeonhisown.Recently,aresearchcarriedoutattheUniversityofDurhaminEnglandshedsomelightonthepowerofhumanecholocation.Kish,aswellasothervolunteers,workedwithagroupofscientistswhostudiedthewayblindpeoplelistentotheechoesthattheyproducefromclicks.Theteamfoundthatpeoplewerecapableofhearingevenveryfaintechoes,onesfarfainterthanhadbeenpreviouslythought.LoreThaler,leadscientistofthegroup,said,"Wefoundthatinsomeconditions,theywerereallyfaint-about95percentsofterthantheactualclicks,buttheecholocatorswerestillabletosensethis."AndrewKolarik,anotherexpertinecholocation,toldBBCNewsthatecholocation“canbeveryusefulatprovidinginformationatfaceorchestheight”andcouldhelppeople“avoidobjectslikelowhangingbranchesthatmightnotgetdetectedbythecaneoraguidedog".AccordingtoBBCNews,echolocationisaskillblindpeoplecanacquireanddevelop,justlikelearningalanguage.AsKolariksaid,"Teachingecholocationskillscouldprovideblindpeoplewiththemeansofexploringnewplaces."12.Whatdoes"thisspecialability"inParagraph2referto?A.Theabilitytomakenoisesinthedark.B.Theabilitytobouncebackoffobjects.C.Theabilitytomeasurethedistancequickly.D.Theabilitytousesoundwavestoecholocate.13.WhatdoweknowaboutDanielKishfromthetext?A.Heisfondofridingabikeandhikingalone.B.Heisabletohearechoesheproducesfromclicks.C.Heiscalled"Batman”becausehelookslikeabat.D.Heconductedtheexperimenttocirculateecholocation.14.WhatisKolarik'sattitudetowardsthefutureuseofecholocationinblindpeople?A.Ambiguous. B.Hopeful. C.Tolerant. D.Doubtful.15.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.EcholocationinHumanWorld. B.AVerySpecialBatman.C.FindingNewWayto“See”. D.ABreakthroughinechoing.【答案】12.D13.B14.B15.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章首先介绍了蝙蝠的回声定位法，而近期的一项探讨则为盲人运用回声定位法带来了一些曙光。【12题详解】词句揣测题。依据第一段中“Tinyastheyare,batshavetheabilityto"see"inthedarkbyusingaspecialskillcalledecholocation(回声定位法).”可知，文章首段先对蝙蝠所用的回声定位法进行了介绍，即通过发出声波、依据回声来推断前方有无障碍物和其距离的一种实力，其次段段首所指的Thisspecialability所指的正是“利用声波进行回声定位”的这种实力。故选D项。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段最终两句“butbecausehehasabat-likeabilitytolocatewhereheisthroughsharpclickshemakesbymovinghistongueagainsttheroofofhismouth.Kishissoskilledatecholocatingthathecanrideabikeandhikeonhisown.”（但因为他有一种像蝙蝠一样的实力，通过移动舌头抵住上颚发出尖锐的咔哒声来定位自己的位置。Kish是如此娴熟于回声定位，以至于他可以骑自行车和独自徒步旅行）可知，Kish可以通过自己口腔发声，然后依据回声进行定位，与B选项描述相符。故选B项。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段“AccordingtoBBCNews,echolocationisaskillblindpeoplecanacquireanddevelop,justlikelearningalanguage.AsKolariksaid,"Teachingecholocationskillscouldprovideblindpeoplewiththemeansofexploringnewplaces."”（据BBC新闻报道，回声定位是一项盲人可以获得和发展的技能，就像学习语言一样。正如Kolarik所说，“教会盲人回声定位技能可以为他们供应探究新地方的方法。”）可知，BBC新闻认为回声定位法是一项盲人可以习得、发展的技能，Kolarik也是在反复强调回声定位法对于盲人的意义和用途，明显对于其将来是充溢希望的。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。总览文章内容，主要介绍了一项探讨表明白盲人运用回声定位法的美妙前景，文中带引号的“see”出现了两次，能比较形象地表达盲人通过此方法去感知世界，因此C选项“找到‘望见’的新方法”最符合文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选C项。其次节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Politenessisthepracticalapplicationofgoodmanners,thegoalofwhichistomakeallofthepartiesrelaxedandcomfortable.It'saflexiblemanagementofwordsandactions,bywhichwemakeotherpeoplehaveabetteropinionofusandthemselves.Itseekstobuildapositiverelationship.____16____.Howeverintherushofdailylifebeingpoliteissocialbehaviorthatwefindrarenowadays.____17____.Theydon’teventakethetimetolookaround.Thishasledtothelossofsimplesocialrulessomemighttakeforgrantedandthatareparticularlypowerful.___18___,peoplebecomelessandlessattentivetoothers’feelings,forhumaninteraction(互动)isalmostlost.Takeforinstancetherudenesswetoleratewhenapersonislookingathisphonewhentalkingtous.Beingpoliteisnotjustasimplesocialelegance.____19____.Thesedays“Please”and“ThankYou”areforgotten.Andnotmanypeopleareawarethatthesetwosimplewordscaneasilyopenorcloseanydoortous.Unfortunately,theyoftenforgettosaythesewords.Hopeisnotlost.Therearemanywayswecanimproveourbehaviortoachieveskillsinpoliteness.Therearesimplethingswecandotobeconsideredasapoliteandwell-manneredperson.____20____,theywillrespectyouback.Justmakeachangeinourbehaviortostart.Usesimplewordslike“Excuseme”,“Please”,and“Thankyou”everyday.Bekindtoreceivekindness.Careandpolitenesswillgetyoufarinallaspectsoflife.A.AstechnologyprogressesB.Peoplehavebecomemoreself-absorbedC.AslongasyoushowyourpolitenessforpeopleD.SinceformanypeoplebeingpoliteremainsachallengeE.ManylanguageshavespecificmeanstoshowpolitenessF.Itaimstorespectaperson’sneedtobelikedandunderstoodG.It’salsoaboutbeingkind,caringandrespectfultoanotherperson【答案】16.F17.B18.A19.G20.C【解析】这是一篇争论文。礼貌是良好礼仪的表现，但是随着生活节奏的加快人们对礼貌好像有所忘却，也能够容忍不礼貌的行为。礼貌用语虽小，但能够在许多方面影响我们的生活。【16题详解】该空上句提到，礼仪试图建立主动的人际关系。F项（礼仪的目的是敬重一个人被爱和被理解的须要）与上句承接自然，且两句在句式结构上相同。故选F项。【17题详解】该空下句提到，人们甚至不情愿花时间视察四周事物。B项（人们变得更加以自我为中心，更加自恋）与下句联系紧密，不愿花时间看四周是人们以自我为中心的一种表现形式。故选B项。【18题详解】该空下句提到，人们变得越来越不关切礼仪。A项（随着科技的进步）在语境上和下句联系紧密。且越来越不关切和随着科学发展都表现出动作的渐变，在逻辑上也能很好的连接。故选A项。【19题详解】该空上句提到，礼貌不仅仅是一个简洁的社会礼仪。G项（它也关乎对他人和善，关爱和敬重）的意思和上句是递进关系，尤其通过上句的notjust和本句的also可以看出两句联系紧密。故选G项。【20题详解】该空下句提到，他们也会敬重你。C项（只要你敬重他人）和下句构成条件状语从句，且句该主从句的意义符合逻辑关系和文意。故选C项。第三部分，语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WehadoursonWesleycheckedoutbecauseofhisindifferencetocommunicatewithpeople.Toour___21___,hewasdiagnosedwithautism(自闭症).Outofeverythingthedoctorhadsaid,theonlyworldcould___22___wassocialization.Theinstantwegotonthecar,we___23___brainstormedwaystomakehisworldmoresocial.Itsuddenlystruckmethatwewereinneedofadog.Soon,webroughtthedogJosiehome.Wesleydidn’tseemthat___24___her,nomatterhowadorableshewas.ButthenIbeganto___25___Wesleypettingherwhenthoughtnoonewaslooking.Fourmonthsafterwe'dgottenJosie,Itookthetwoofthemoutforalongplay.Bytheend,theywereboth___26___.AssoonasIputWesleyinhiscarseat,hefellasleep,withJosie___27___herheadonhisshoulder.That’swhenIknewtheyhad___28___bonded.Oneofourbiggest___29___wasthatWesleyhadnosenseofdangeranddidn’t___30___whatamovingcarmeant.Hewoulddartoutinthestreet.Iwas___31___hewouldgethitbyacar.Luckily,Josiewasabletosafelykeephimonthesidewalkwithus.Thebestthingabouthavinga___32___isthatkidscometoyou.___33___thedailywalktothebusstopprovidesanopportunityforWesleytosocializewithotherchildren.Kidssurroundhimwith___34___aboutJosieandwepracticehisanswersathomesoheismorecomfortabletakinginpublic.Ifinallylearnedhowtomakepeacewithautismwhile___35___it.21.A.sorrow B.shame C.regret D.surprise22.A.ignore B.appreciate C.remember D.forget23A.patiently B.readily C.desperately D.enthusiastically24.A.interestedin B.proudof C.confusedabout D.boredwith25.A.hear B.record C.feel D.catch26.A.relieved B.exhausted C.delighted D.satisfied27.A.lowering B.lifting C.leaning D.pressing28.A.finally B.recently C.initially D.suddenly29.A.challenges B.chances C.choices D.puzzles30.A.findout B.thinkof C.figureout D.talkof31.A.shocked B.annoyed C.depressed D.terrified32.A.friend B.dog C.family D.doctor33.A.Yet B.Even C.Ever D.Still34.A.questions B.advice C.problems D.information35.A.carrying B.preventing C.fighting D.developing【答案】21.A22.C23.C24.A25.D26.B27.C28.A29.A30.C31.D32.B33.B34.A35.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲解并描述了一个自闭症的孩子，医生告知孩子的父母，治疗这种病须要孩子去社交。于是为了帮助孩子能够正常的社交，所以养了一条小狗，果真有了小狗的陪伴，孩子能够与其它孩子进行社会交往了。21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：使我们难过的是，他被诊断为自闭症。A.sorrow难过；B.shame惭愧；C.regret懊悔；D.surprise惊异。后面提到，“他被诊断为自闭症”，所以此事应当是让父母难过的。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在医生说出的一切话中，我们能够记得的唯一的词就是社交。A.ignore忽视；B.appreciate感谢；C.remember记住；D.forget记住。依据“makehisworldmoresocial.”可知，作者在听完医生的诊断后，心情很糟糕，所以医生说的话大部分没有记住，只记住了“社交”一词。故选C。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们一上车，就舍命地想出各种让他去社交的方式。A.patiently耐性地；B.readily打算好地；C.desperately舍命地；D.enthusiastically热忱地。依据语境，儿子有了问题后，父母肯定是很焦急，舍命想要帮助孩子解决问题。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：Wesley好像对她没有爱好，无论她是多么可爱。A.interestedin对...感爱好；.B.proudof为...傲慢；C.confusedabout对...困惑；D.boredwith对...厌烦。依据后半句，“无论她多么可爱”，可知前后句为转折关系，所以是儿子不喜爱她。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是后来我留意到Wesley在没人留意的时候会去摩挲她。A.hear听见；B.record记录；C.feel感觉；D.catch留意到。依据语境，但是后来作者留意到Wesley在没人留意的时候会去摩挲她。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最终，他们俩都劳累了。A.relieved减轻的；B.exhausted劳累的；C.delighted兴奋的；D.satisfied满足的。后面提到，Wesley一到车上，他就睡着了，所以可知是孩子累了。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我刚一把Wesley放到车上，他就睡着了，伴随着Josie把头靠在他的肩膀上。A.lowering降低；B.lifting举起；C.leaning靠着；D.pressing挤压。依据下文，此时儿子和小狗之间已经培育了良好的关系，所以在儿子睡着的时候，小狗应当是把头靠在他的肩膀上。故选C。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：那是我知道那时候他们的关系很密切了。A.finally最终，最终；B.recently近来；C.initially最初；D.suddenly突然。依据上文，儿子和小狗的关系起先并不是很好，所以现在看到他们偎依在一起，作者知道他们最终有了密切的关系。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最大的挑战之一在于Wesley没有危急意识，不知道一辆飞行的汽车意味着什么。A.challenges挑战；B.chances机会；C.choices选择；D.puzzles困惑。依据“Wesleyhadnosenseofdangeranddidn’t10whatamovingcarmeant.”可知，儿子面临的问题有许多，所以此处指最大的问题，也就是挑战是不知道一辆飞行的汽车意味着什么。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：最大的挑战之一在于Wesley没有危急意识，不知道一辆飞行的汽车意味着什么。A.findout弄明白；B.thinkof想出；C.figureout明白；D.talkof谈论。依据“Hewoulddartoutinthestreet.”，作者的儿子有自闭症，许多社会上的事情都不懂，所以这里是“不明白”。故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很胆怯 他会被汽车撞倒。A.shocked震惊的；B.annoyed生气的；C.depressed懊丧的；D.terrified胆怯 的。依据上文，Wesley不懂汽车的危急，所以作者很胆怯 某一天他被汽车撞倒。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：关于养一只狗的最好的地方就在于孩子走近你了。A.friend挚友；B.dog狗；C.family家庭；D.doctor医生。依据上文提到的作者儿子的经验，在养了一只小狗之后，儿子变得好多了，所以这里是讲“养一只狗”好处。故选B。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：甚至每天走着去车站都给Wesley供应了一个和其他孩子社交的机会。A.Yet然而；B.Even甚至；C.Ever曾经；D.Still仍旧。依据上文，这里讲养小狗的好处之一，结合句意，本句是对上句的进一步强调，所以应当是“甚至”。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：孩子们围围着他，问一些关于小狗的问题。A.questions问题；B.advice建议；C.problems问题，困难；D.information信息。依据常识，小孩子们会对小狗感爱好，所以他们会问Wesley一些关于小狗的问题。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最终学会了在和自闭做斗争的同时如何和它和平相处。A.carrying携带；B.preventing阻挡；C.fighting斗争；D.developing发展。依据文中故事，作者的儿子得了自闭症，所以作者在帮儿子同自闭症做斗争的同时，也学会了接受自闭症。makepeacewith与fighting为反义词再现。故选C。【点睛】其次节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Asthenamesuggests,SichuanHotPotwasborninSichuanProvince,____36____isknownforits____37____(prefer)forspicyfood.Thismouth-burningandtongue—numbinghotpothasbeengainingalargeamountofattentioninrecentyearsinforeigncountries.The____38____(common)acceptedtheorytracestheSichuanHotPotbacktoearly20centurywhentheportworkersandfishermenwhoworkedandlivedalongtheYangtzeRivercouldnotafford____39____(eat)theregularcutsofmeatsotheyfiguredoutawaytocookcheapmeatsandoffal(内脏)____40____boilingtheminapotofextremelyspicysoup.Theuseofspicysoupwasfirst____41____(intend)tocoverthetastefromtheoffal.However,aftersome____42____(adjust)offragrantspices,thisonepotmealbecameapopulardishinSichuanregion.Afteryearsofcontinuousdevelopment,eatingSichuanHotPottoday____43____(be)nolongerwhatthepoorlike.Offalstillremainsasclassichotpotingredients,____44____highqualitymeatsandseafoodingredientsarealsocommononthemenu.Themodernhotpothasbeenshapedintoacomplexmealthatstartswithslicedmeat,offal,andseafood,_____45_____(follow)byvegetablesandendswithnoodles.【答案】36.which37.preference38.commonly39.toeat40.by41.intended42.adjustments43.is44.but45.followed【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四川火锅，介绍了四川火锅的历史由来以及发展改变。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：顾名思义，四川火锅诞生于以喜辣著名的四川省。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词SichuanProvince，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物应用关系代词which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。【37题详解】考查名词。句意同上。上文its为形容词性物主代词修饰名词preference，且preference此处表示“偏好”为不行数名词。故填preference。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：普遍接受的理论可以将四川火锅追溯到20世纪初，当时在长江沿岸工作和生活的港口工人和渔民吃不起一般的肉食，于是他们想出了一个方法，将便宜的肉类和内脏放在一锅极辣的汤里煮熟。修饰后文动词accept应用副词commonly，作状语。故填commonly。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。结合句意表示“负担得起做某事”短语为affordtodosth.。故填toeat。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：他们想出了通过把便宜的肉和内脏放在一锅特别辣的汤里煮的方法来烹饪这些肉。此处表示“通过，借助”应用介词by。故填by。【41题详解】考查固定短语。句意：麻辣汤的运用起初是为了掩盖内脏的味道。结合句意表示“为了……”可知短语为beintendedto。故填intended。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：然而，经过一些香料的调整，火锅成为了四川地区的热门菜。此处作介词after的宾语应用名词adjustment，且adjustment为可数名词，由some修饰应用复数。故填adjustments。【43题详解】考查主谓一样。句意：经过多年的不断发展，今日吃四川火锅已经不再是穷人喜爱的东西。此处依据“today”可知描述目前的状况应用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语eatingSichuanHotPot，谓语动词应用单数。故填is。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：内脏仍旧是火锅的经典食材，但高品质的肉类和海鲜食材在菜单上也很常见。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现代的火锅被塑造成一顿困难