必修第三册　Unit 2　Morals and Virtues-2025英语大一轮复习讲义人教版

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1．moraladj.道德的；道义上的n．品行；道德；寓意2．dilemman．进退两难的境地；困境3．moraldilemma道德困境4．entrustvt.委托；交付5．tuitionn．(小组)教学；讲课6．tuitionfees学费7．physiciann．医师；(尤指)内科医生8．residentphysician住院医师9．colleaguen．同事；同僚10．farawayadj.遥远的11．kindergartenn．学前班；幼儿园12．insurancen．保险；保险业13．importn．进口；进口商品vt.进口；输入；引进14．exportn．出口；出口商品vt.出口；输出；传播15．polen．(行星的)极；地极16．lapn．(坐着时的)大腿部；(跑道等的)一圈17．cafén．咖啡馆；小餐馆18．waitressn．(餐馆的)女服务员；女侍者19．pregnantadj.怀孕的；妊娠的20．disguisevt.装扮；假扮；掩盖n．伪装；化装用具21．maplen．枫树；槭树22．cartn．手推车；运货马车23．spillvt.&vi.(spilt/spilled，spilt/spilled)(使)洒出；(使)溢出24．mightn．力量；威力25．fablen．寓言；寓言故事Ⅱ.重点单词——记形1．virtuen．高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质2．faintvi.昏倒；晕厥adj.不清楚的；微弱的3．illustratevt.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图4．preciousadj.珍稀的；宝贵的5．feen．专业服务费；报酬6．unionn．协会；联合会；工会7．hirevt.聘任；雇用；租用n．租借；租用8．clinicn．诊所；门诊部9．decaden．十年；十年期10．elsewhereadv.在别处；去别处11．publishvt.发表(作品)；出版12．staffn．员工；全体职员13．principlen．道德原则；法则；原则14．passiveadj.被动的；顺从的15．whispervi.&vt.悄声说；耳语；低语n．耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传16．midnightn．子夜；午夜17．bitevt.&vi.(bit，bitten)咬；叮；蜇n．咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤18．lipn．嘴唇19．chairmann．主席；主持人；董事长20．chainn．一连串(人或事)；链子；链条21．limpvi.跛行；一瘸一拐地走22．tearn．眼泪；泪水23．despairn．绝望vi.绝望；感到无望24．courtn．(网球等的)球场；法院；法庭25．incomen．收入；收益26．perprep.每；每一27．thereforeadv.因此；所以Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．marriagen．结婚；婚姻→marryv．(和某人)结婚；嫁；娶2．majorityn．大部分；大多数→majoradj.主要的vi.主修n．主修课程；少校3．complainvi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚→complaintn．抱怨；投诉4．respondvt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应→responsen．反应；回答；回复5．scholarshipn．奖学金→scholarn．学者6．rejectvt.拒绝接受；不录用→rejectionn．拒绝接受；否决7．appointvt.任命；委派→appointmentn．约会；任命；委任→appointedadj.约定的；指定的8．electvt.选举；推选→electionn．选举；推选；当选9．tendvt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于→tendencyn．趋势；趋向10．retirevt.&vi.退休；退职；退出→retirementn．退休→retiredadj.退休的11．savingn．节省物；节省；节约；[pl.]储蓄金；存款→savevt.救；节省；储蓄12．scaredadj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scarevt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓→scaryadj.吓人的；恐怖的13．sharpadj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的→sharplyadv.急剧地；严厉地→sharpenvt.削尖；磨快；使提高14．energeticadj.精力充沛的；充满活力的→energyn．精力；活力；能量15．replacevt.接替；取代；更换→replacementn．更换；更替；替换的人/物16．accidentn．事故；车祸；失事→accidentaladj.意外的；偶然的→accidentallyadv.偶然地17．operationn．手术；企业；经营→operatevt.&vi.做手术；经营；操作；运转→operatorn．操作员；接线员；经营者18．assistvt.帮助；援助→assistantn．助理；助手→assistancen．帮助；援助19．memoryn．记忆力；回忆→memoriz(s)evt.记住；记忆20．harmn．&vt.伤害；损害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmfullyadv.有害地→harmlessadj.无害的21．flexibleadj.灵活的；可变通的→flexiblyadv.灵活地→flexibilityn．灵活性22．tensionn．紧张关系；紧张；焦虑→tenseadj.紧张的；(尤指肌肉、身体)拉紧的n．(动词的)时态1．exclude/Ik'skluːd/vt.把……排斥在外；防止……进入；不包括；排除2．hatred/'heItrId/n．仇恨；憎恨；厌恶3．marvellous(NAmEmarvelous)/'mɑːvələs/adj.极好的；非凡的4．underlying/ˌʌndə'laIIŋ/adj.隐含的；潜在的5．depict/dI'pIkt/vt.描述；描写；描绘6．temptation/temp'teIʃn/n．引诱；诱惑(物)7．beloved/bI'lʌvId/adj.钟爱的；深受喜爱的n．心爱的人8．flaw/flɔː/n．错误；缺点；裂痕9．discouraged/dIs'kʌrIdʒd/adj.泄气的；心灰意冷的→discourage/dIs'kʌrIdʒ/vt.使灰心；使泄气；阻拦10．prompt/prɒmpt/vt.促使；导致adj.立即的；迅速的；敏捷n．(给演员的)提词，提示Ⅳ.背核心短语1．carrysbthroughsth帮助某人渡过难关2．tendtodosth易于做某事；往往会发生某事3．firstaid急救4．passaway去世5．inmemoryof作为对……的纪念6．tripover被……绊倒7．intears流着泪；含着泪8．indespair处于绝望中9．agreatdeal(of)大量10．choosetodosth选择做某事11．carefor喜欢；照顾12．succeedindoingsth成功地做某事13．beresponsiblefor为……负责14．makeanattempttodosth尝试做某事；努力做某事Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife...(“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义)对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了……2．SheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysicianintheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.(the＋序数词＋n.＋todo)她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。3．ThoughLinQiaozhinevermarried，shewasknownasthe“motheroftenthousandbabies”，havingdeliveredover50,000babiesinherlifetime.(havingdone作状语)虽然林巧稚终身未婚，但是她被称为“万婴之母”，她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。4．DrLindidnotretireuntilthedayshedied,22April1983.(not...until...)林医生坚守在岗位上，直到1983年4月22日她去世的那一天。5．Nothinggoodcancometoanationwhosepeopleonlycomplainandexpectotherstosolvetheirproblems.(whose引导的定语从句)如果一个国家的人民只会抱怨，而且总是期待别人来解决他们的问题，那么这个国家就不会有什么好事。Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共7分)1．moraladj.道德的；道义上的n．品行；道德；寓意2．dilemman．进退两难的境地；困境3．physiciann．医师；(尤指)内科医生4．insurancen．保险；保险业5．disguisevt.装扮；假扮；掩盖n．伪装；化装用具6．colleaguen．同事；同僚7．spillvt.&vi.(使)洒出；(使)溢出Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共14分)1．virtuen．高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质2．preciousadj.珍稀的；宝贵的3．decaden．十年；十年期4．principlen．道德原则；法则；原则5．whispervi.&vt.悄声说；耳语；低语n．耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传6．despairn．绝望vi.绝望；感到无望7．hirevt.聘任；雇用；租用n．租借；租用8．illustratevt.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图9．feen．专业服务费；报酬10．incomen．收入；收益11．publishvt.发表(作品)；出版12．bitevt.&vi.(bit，bitten)咬；叮；蜇n．咬；(咬下的)一口；咬伤13．staffn．员工；全体职员14．limpvi.跛行；一瘸一拐地走Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题1.5分，共15分)1．marriagen．结婚；婚姻→marryv．(和某人)结婚；嫁；娶2．scholarshipn．奖学金→scholarn．学者3．tendvt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于→tendencyn．趋势；趋向4．sharpadj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的→sharplyadv.急剧地；严厉地→sharpenvt.削尖；磨快；使提高5．accidentn．事故；车祸；失事→accidentaladj.意外的；偶然的→accidentallyadv.偶然地6．memoryn．记忆力；回忆→memoriz(s)evt.记住；记忆7．harmn．&vt.伤害；损害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmfullyadv.有害地→harmlessadj.无害的8．tensionn．紧张关系；紧张；焦虑→tenseadj.紧张的；(尤指肌肉、身体)拉紧的n．(动词的)时态9．appointvt.任命；委派→appointmentn．约会；任命；委任→appointedadj.约定的；指定的10．flexibleadj.灵活的；可变通的→flexiblyadv.灵活地→flexibilityn．灵活性Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)1．hatredn．仇恨；憎恨；厌恶2．marvellous(NAmEmarvelous)adj.极好的；非凡的3．depictvt.描述；描写；描绘4．belovedadj.钟爱的；深受喜爱的n．心爱的人5．discouragedadj.泄气的；心灰意冷的→discouragevt.使灰心；使泄气；阻拦Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共12分)1．carrysbthroughsth帮助某人渡过难关2．tendtodosth易于做某事；往往会发生某事3．makeanattempttodosth尝试做某事；努力做某事4．inmemoryof作为对……的纪念5．intears流着泪；含着泪6．agreatdeal(of)大量Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共20分)1．GirlswhomajorinEnglishinourdepartmentareinthemajority.(major)2．Althoughhiswifealwayscomplainstohimaboutsomeunimportantmattersinlife，heisverypatientwithherconstantcomplaints.(complain)3．Theyagreedtoelecttheyoungmanastheirleader.Fortunately，hewontheelectionintheend.(elect)4．Atthesightofthescaryscene，theyounggirlwastooscaredtomove.(scare)5．Doctorsoperatedontheinjuredpersonimmediatelyandtheoperationwasverysuccessful.(operate)6．Whenheneededsomeonetoassisthim，hisassistantcametohisassistance.(assist)7．Theboyisalwaysenergetic.I’mcurioustoknowwherehisenergycomesfrom.(energy)8．Afterhisretirement，theretiredresidentphysicianmovedtothecountryside.(retire)9．Hekickedthedoorandlistenedcarefullyforresponse，butnoonerespondedtohim.(respond)10．Mysuggestiongotrejectedandtherejectionmademeinlowspiritsforalongtime.(reject)Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2分，共12分)eq\x(beresponsiblefor，passaway，tripover，succeedin，carefor，indespair)1．Onewomantrippedoverthestoneandherwaterpotwentcrashingtotheground.2．Owingtohisgenerousassistance，Isucceededinstartingtheengineagaintheotherday.3．ThereasonwhyIwon’tbeavailableatthattimeasplannedisthatmygrandfatherfellillsuddenlyyesterdayandIhavetocareforhim.4．Wearesupposedtoberesponsibleforourownbehaviourandtryourbesttoprotecttheenvironment.5．Withnoonetoturntoforhelpinthisstrangecity，Alicewasindespairandwantedtogobacktoherhometown.6．Sadly，mygrandmotherpassedawaytwoyearsagobutIstillthinkofherallthetimesinceherdeath.Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)1．没有什么比在炎热的夏天喝一杯冷饮更好的了。(“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义)Nothingcanbebetterthanhavingacolddrinkonahotsummerday.2．我真的很想采访杨利伟，因为他不仅是第一个进入太空的中国人，他也是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。(the＋序数词＋名词＋todo)IwouldreallyliketointerviewYangLiweibecauseheisnotonlythefirstChinesetogointospacebutalsooneofthegreatestastronautsintheworld.3．读了两年英文报《青年》(Youth)，我提高了我的学习能力。(havingdone作状语)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)HavingreadtheEnglishnewspaperYouthfortwoyears，Ihaveimprovedmylearningability.4．直到欣赏完这次展览我才对中国传统绘画的魅力有了很好的理解。(not...until...)(2021·浙江6月，应用文写作)Ididn’thaveagoodunderstandingofthecharmoftraditionalChinesepaintingsuntilIappreciatedtheexhibition.5．我们将举办英语戏剧比赛，目的是丰富我们的课外活动。(whose引导定语从句)WewillhaveanEnglishdramacompetition，whoseaimistoenrichourextra-curricularactivities.LiHua，anenergeticmedicalstudent，waswalkingbyakindergarten1.whenanaccidenthappened.Apregnantwomantrippedoverandfainted.Seeingthis，herfirstresponsewas2.toconduct(conduct)firstaid，butapasser-bywhisperedtoher“Thinktwice.”Shewasinamoraldilemma.Afterashort3.hesitation(hesitate)，shechosetosendthewomantoaclinic.Aphysicianwhohadjustretiredcametoassisther.However，hermotherspokesharpwordsandcomplainedaboutthis4.forfearofablackmail(敲诈)．LiHuabecamescared.Shehadnoincome，savingsorinsurance.Whatifthewomanaskedherforagreatdealofmoney?Maybeshecouldearntuitionfeesorworkasawaitressinanearbycaf．Herscholarshipmightalsohelp.Achainofterriblethoughts5.flashing(flash)throughhermind，shewasalmostindespair，andthereforecouldnotsleep6.untilmidnight.Herfather’swordscarriedherthroughthehardtime.“Patientstendtoentrustadoctorwithlifeandadoctorwillsaveapatientwithallthemight.Whatis7.moreprecious(precious)thanlife?Howcanyourejectyourdutyandignoreyourprinciples？”Thefollowingday，shefoundthepregnantwoman’shusbandwaitinginfrontofherclassroom.HethankedLiHuaagainandagainintears.Atlast，hertension8.wasreplaced(replace)withpride.Maybeitwasthatinnersenseofresponsibility9.thatmadeLiHuaget10.promoted(promote)andmakecontributionsinhiscareerasadoctordecadeslater.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇respondvt.回答；回复vi.做出反应；回应(responsen．回答；回复；反应)·respondto对……做出回应或反应；答复·inresponseto对……的答复；对……做出反应makea/noresponseto对……做出回应/不予回答(1)Theunionmadenoresponse(respond)tomyapplicationforascholarship，whichmademeindespair.(2)我写信是为了回应你上一封信，在信中你要我就如何策划以“绿色北京”为主题的俱乐部活动提供建议。(2023·北京，书面表达)Iamwritinginresponsetoyourlastletteraskingmeforadviceonhowtoplanaclubactivitywiththethemeof“GreenBeijing”．(3)每当我向他寻求建议时，他总是立即给我回复。(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)EverytimeIaskedhimforadvice，hewouldrespondto/makearesponsetomeimmediately.appointvt.任命；委派(appointmentn．约会；任命；预约；委任appointedadj.约定的；指定的)·appointsbas/tobe...任命某人为……appointsbtodosth委派某人做某事·make/haveanappointment(withsb)(与某人)约会/预约(1)Ihavesomethingurgenttohandleandtherefore，Iwillappointmybrothertomeet(meet)youattheairport.(2)得知你已被任命为学生会主席，我真诚地祝贺你。(应用文写作之祝贺信)Learningthatyouhavebeenappointedas/tobechairmanofthestudentcouncil，Isincerelycongratulateyou.(3)很抱歉我不能陪你去书店，因为我已经预约了牙医。Iamterriblysorryfornotaccompanyingyoutothebookstore，forIhavemadeanappointmentwithmydentist.tendvt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于(tendencyn．趋势；趋向)·tendtodo...倾向于做……；往往做……·haveatendencytodo...有做某事的倾向(1)Thereisagrowingtendency(tend)forpeopletoworkathomeinsteadofinoffices.(2)我写信向手术后细心照顾我母亲的护士们表示衷心的感谢。(应用文写作之感谢信)Iamwritingtoexpressmysincerethankstothenurseswhotendedmymothercarefullyaftertheoperation.(3)虽然我不愿意承认，但人们最初往往倾向于根据外表来评判一个人。WhileIhatetoadmitit，peopletend/haveatendencytojudgeapersonbyhisorherappearanceinitially.scarevt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓(scaredadj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的scaryadj.吓人的；恐怖的)·scaresbintodoingsth恐吓某人做某事scare...away/off把……吓跑·bescaredtodosth害怕/不敢做某事bescaredofsb/sth害怕某人/某事bescaredtodeath吓得要死(1)Afterwatchingascary(scare)filminthecinema，shewasscaredofwalkinghomealoneandtherefore，shecalledataxi.(2)新年期间的一个习俗是燃放烟花，据说这是为了吓跑年兽。OneoftheoldcustomsduringtheNewYearissettingofffireworks，whichissaidtoscareaway/offthemonsterNian.(3)当我意识到那头熊要回来攻击我们的时候，我几乎要吓死了。(2020·浙江7月，读后续写)WhenIrealizedthatthebearwascomingbacktoattackus，Iwasnearlyscaredtodeath.(4)意识到自己的错误后，我胆怯地低下了头，不敢看父亲那张阴云密布的脸。(读后续写之心理描写)Havingrealizedmymistake，Ibowedmyheadtimidly,scaredtolookatmyfather’scloudyface.(形容词短语作状语)assistvt.帮助；援助(assistancen．帮助；援助assistantn．助手；助理)·assistsbtodosth帮助某人做某事assistsbwith/insth在某方面帮助某人·come/gotoone’sassistance来/去援助某人withtheassistanceof...在……的帮助下(1)IamwritingtoconveymysinceregratitudetoyourshopassistantwhocametomyassistancewhenIfaintedinyourshop.(assist)(2)作为对你上封信的回复，我确保我会在英语口语方面帮你。首先，我会帮你改正你的发音。(应用文写作之回复求助信)Inresponsetoyourlastletter，ImakesurethatIwillassistyouwith/inyouroralEnglish.Firstly，Iwillassistyoutocorrectyourpronunciation.(3)正是在你的慷慨帮助下，我成功地赢得了选举，并被任命为学生会主席。ItwaswithyourgenerousassistancethatIsucceededinwinningtheelectionandwasappointedaschairmanofthestudentcouncil.(强调句式)harmn．&vt.伤害；损害(harmfuladj.有害的harmlessadj.无害的；不致伤害的)·dosbharm/doharmtosb对某人有害Thereisnoharm(in)doingsth.做某事无害处。·beharmfulto对……有害(1)Thephysiciansaysthatthemedicineisharmfultochildrenbutharmless(harm)toadults.(2)沉迷于网络游戏对我们的身心健康有害。因此，戒掉它没有害处。(2021·全国乙，书面表达)Beingaddictedtoonlinegamesisharmfulto/doesharmtoourphysicalandmentalhealth.Therefore，thereisnoharm(in)gettingridofit.“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife...对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了……本句中形容词比较级与否定词连用，表达最高级含义，意为：没有比……更……的了。常用的否定词有：no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等。(1)Thejudgeexclaimed，“YourstoryisperfectandI’veneverheardabetter(good)one.”(2)对我们来说，没有什么比向处在困境中的人传递善意更重要的了。(读后续写之升华句)Tous，nothingismoreimportantthanpassingonkindnesstothoseintrouble.(3)“我从来没吃过比这更美味的早餐了！”妈妈激动地回答道。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)“Ihaveneverhadamoredeliciousbreakfastthanthisone！”themotherrespondedexcitedly.the＋序数词＋n.＋todoSheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysicianintheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。·此句中的不定式tobehired...作后置定语，修饰名词woman。当中心词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或前面有theonly，thelast，theright等时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。·在time，way，chance，ability，promise，attempt等名词后，常用不定式作后置定语，表示将要发生的动作。(1)Therewasnosignalinthatfarawayvillageandallmyattemptstocontact(contact)youfailed.(2)我不能错过这样一个增进彼此了解的宝贵机会。Ican’taffordtomisssuchapreciouschancetostrengtheneachother’sunderstanding.(3)我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是班上唯一一个出国深造的学生。毫无疑问我是负责这项工作的最佳人选。(应用文写作之申请信)IcanspeakfluentEnglishandIamtheonlystudentinmyclasstogoabroadforfurtherstudy.ThereisnodoubtthatIamthebestpersontoberesponsibleforthejob.(4)约翰是第一个想出做爆米花帮助伯纳德挣外快的人。他相信他有能力帮助伯纳德走出困境。(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)JohnwasthefirstpersontothinkofmakingpopcorntohelpBernardearnsomeextramoney.HewasconvincedthathehadtheabilitytohelpBernardoutofthedifficulty.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．sharpA.adj.急剧的B.adj.敏锐的C.adj.锋利的D.adv.整点地E.adj.急转的F.adj.声音突然而响亮的(1)Suddenly，Ziyadletoutasharpcry.Withinseconds，he’dsliddownthetrunkandwasbackontheground.(2023·浙江1月)F(2)Recentlytherehasbeenasharpdeclineininterestingardeningthroughoutthetown.A(3)Iwasapproachingafairlysharpbendthatsweptdownhilltotheleft.E(4)Sheplannedtounlocktheshopat8：00sharpthenextmorning.D(5)Igotaseatoppositeamiddle-agedmanwithsharpeyes，whokeptwatchingayoungwomaninawindowseatwithalittleboyonherlap.(2021·北京)B(6)Shehadherfingercutbyasharpknifebyaccidentwhileshewascuttingpotatoes.C2．operationeq\x(A.手术B.操作C.运转；运行D.有组织的活动；行动E.公司；企业)(1)Thepolicehavelaunchedamajoroperationagainstdrugsuppliers.D(2)Regularservicingguaranteesthesmoothoperationoftheengine.C(3)Ihavebeenworkinginahugemultinationaloperationeversincegraduation.E(4)Costswouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficientacrosstheboard.(2022·全国乙)B(5)Wehadawomanpatientwhowasrecoveringfromakneereplacementoperation.(2021·全国乙)A3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)Ithinkthemoralofthestoryistoletpeoplemindtheirownbehaviors.寓意(2)Wewillplaybasketballforhalfanhourinabasketballcourt.球场(3)Whenwetearonepagefromthecalendar，itmeansourlifehasbeenshortenedbyoneday.撕掉(4)Thedogwaschainedtothelegoftheonesolidgardenseat.用锁链拴住(5)Strano’steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightforthree-and-a-halfhours.(2020·全国Ⅰ)微弱的Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．It’stypicalofhimtorespondtoothers’requestsinspiteofhisownbusiness.2．NeverhaveIexperiencedamoreexciting(exciting)momentthannow.3．Hiscolleaguesassistedhimtodecorate(decorate)thehouseforhiswedding.4．Weappointedhertorepresent(represent)ustosendourcongratulationsattheweddingceremony.5．Themajority(major)areinfavorofmyproposalwhileaminorityofthemareagainstit.6．Whenthebossarrived，thejoyfulatmospherewasreplacedby/withaseriousone.7.Afterall，itisimmoraltotakeadvantageofothers’weaknessestodoharmtothem.8．Themostenergetic(energy)andsignificantfestivalsarethosethatlookforwardtotheendofwinterandthecomingofspring.9．Thesaying“Oncebitten(bite)，twiceshy”isaclassicportrayal(写照)ofhowpeoplecanbeaffectedbyshadows.10．Thebossofthecompanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmospherewherehisemployeescanenjoytheirwork.你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1.人物简介；2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。完成句子1．说到我最尊敬的人，我首先想到的是我的英语老师——王老师。(不定式作后置定语)2．她是一位热心、敬业的老师，把我们当作她的孩子一样照顾和教导。(定语从句；tend)3．作为十几岁的学生，我们有时候会陷入迷茫和绝望的境地。(where引导定语从句；indespair)4．每当我们遇到困难时，总是她带我们度过艰难的时期。(强调句式；carrysbthrough)5．她赢得了我们所有学生的尊敬，在我们心中她是最美的老师。(否定词＋比较级)组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。参考范文ThePersonIRespectWhenitcomestothepersonIrespectmost，thefirstonetocomeintomymindismyEnglishteacherMissWang.Sheisawarm-heartedanddedicatedteacher，whotendsandinstructsusasifwewereherchildren.Shehasaflexibleteachingmethod.WhenIencounterproblemsinEnglishlearning，shelistenstomepatientlyandexplainsthemcarefully，helpingmeovercomethedifficulties.Asteenagestudents，wearesometimesputintosituationswherewegetlostandfallindespair.Wheneverweareintrouble，itisalwaysherwhocarriesusthroughthetoughperiod.Shehaswongreatrespectfromallusstudentsandinourmind，nooneismorebeautifulthanher.教材语料整合亮词[情感描写]dilemma；complain；passive；scared；sharp；inmemoryof；intears；indespair；tension[人物描写]moral；virtue；precious；energetic；pregnant；flexible；appoint；elect；whisper；passaway；assist；replace美句1.Asafive-year-oldgirl，LinQiaozhiwasdeeplyaffectedbyhermother’sdeath.Atage18，insteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls，shechosetostudymedicine.(人物描写)2.Shewasmoreinterestedintendingpatients，publishingmedicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren，andtrainingthenextgenerationofdoctors.(动作描写)3.Nothinggoodcancometoanationwhosepeopleonlycomplainandexpectotherstosolvetheirproblems.(哲理感悟)4.Thekingwasindespair.(情感描写)5.Earlyonemorning，thekingdisguisedhimselfandwenttoalocalvillage.Heplacedalargestoneinthemiddleofthemainstreetandhidgoldcoinsunderthestone.Thenhehidbehindahugemapletreeandwatched.(动作描写)拓展语料积累动作细节描写：哭泣流泪(一)单词weepv．哭泣；waterv．流泪；sobv．呜咽；moanv．呻吟；snifflev．(因哭泣)抽鼻子；wail/bawlv．放声大哭词块bebathedintears泪流满面；fight/holdbacktears抑制眼泪；beinfloodsoftears泪如泉涌；burstintotears/burstoutcrying突然哭起来；shedtears流泪；chokeup哽咽；cryone’seyes/heartout悲痛欲绝；crybitter/lonelytears留下痛苦/孤独的泪水；sob/weepwithone’sfaceburiedinone’shands掩面哭泣句型1.Janeturnedtomewithtearsinhereyes，andbeggedmetohelpher.(with复合结构)简眼里含着泪水转向我，恳求我帮帮她。2.BillfoughtbackhistearsandtriedtocomfortSarah’smother.比尔抑制住泪水，并试图安慰桑拉的母亲。3.Herhandswereshaking.ShewasonthevergeoftearsbutPauldidn’trealizethat.她的手在颤抖。她快要哭出来了，但保罗没有意识到这一切。4.Cecilcameroundlater，cryinghiseyesout，askingmetoforgivehim.赛西尔后来来了，哭得很伤心，请求我原谅他。语料运用积极的人生态度Susanwascaughtinacaraccidentandfainted.Shefinallycametolifeafterachainofoperationsbutwentblindforever，①whichthrewherinthedepthofdespair(定语从句)．Scaredtofacethefuture，②sheoftensobbed/weptwithherfaceburiedinherhands(with复合结构)．Seeinghiswife③bathedintears(分词短语作宾补)，herhusband，Mark，washeartbroken.Hetendedherwithgreatcareand④determinedtoassisthertoregainstrengthandconfidenceandstepoutofsuchapassivedilemma.Heboughtheraguidedog，encouragedhertolearnBrailleand⑤accompaniedhertojoinincommunityactivities.Gradually，⑥Susan’stensionwasreplacedbyconfidence.Shewhisperedgently，“Mark，thankyou.⑦Itisyouthat/whocarrymethroughthetoughsituation(强调句式)．”苏珊在一场车祸中晕倒了。经过一系列的手术后，她终于活了过来，但却永远失明，这让她陷入了绝望的深渊。因为害怕面对未来，她经常掩面哭泣。看到妻子泪流满面，丈夫马克心碎了。他非常细心地照顾她，决心帮助她恢复力量和信心，走出困境。他给她买了一只导盲犬，鼓励她学习盲文，并陪她参加社区活动。渐渐地，苏珊的紧张情绪被自信所取代。她轻声说：“马克，谢谢你。是你帮助我渡过了难关。”高考题型组合练Ⅰ.阅读理解AForchildren，spaceismagical—awholeworldisoutthere，withsomanythingstolearnandstoriestoread.Herearesomechildren’sbooksaboutspaceandthesolarsystem.MaeamongtheStarsbyStasiaBurringtonThisbeautifullyillustratedpicturebookisattractivetoyoungkids.ItwasinspiredbythefirstAfricanAmericanwomaninspace，MaeJemison.IttellsthestoryofMaeasalittlegirl，whoalwaysknewshehadbigdreamsaboutspace.Thisisagreatadditiontoayoungkid’scollection，asaremindertoholdtighttodreamsandnevergiveup.SpacebyLibbyJacksonThisbeautifullyillustratedbookgiveskidsalookat50womenfromaroundtheworldwhowereinvolvedinexploringspaceinsomeway，fromthe19thcenturytothepresentday.Thisisaperfectgiftforyoungkidswhowanttoknowmoreaboutsomeofthelesser-knownscientificachievementsrelatedtospaceexploration.ChasingSpacebyLelandMelvinThisisMelvin’sstoryaboutbeingafootballplayer-turned-astronaut，alongwithhisrecoveryfromaninjurythatnearlylefthimdeaf.Kidswilllovereadinghisstoryabouthowhefacedchallengesandadvancedahead，andhealsoincludesDIYexperimentsforkidstotry，andasectionoffull-colorphotographs.SystemandBeyondbyDavidA．AguilarThebookisfullofbeautifulillustrationsofspace，andisperfectforkidsofallages，exploringvariousplanetsandthesolarsystem.Unlikeotherkids’spacebook，thisisaNationalGeographicbookwrittenandillustratedbyanaward-winningastronomerandspaceartist.AguilarisalsotheformerDirectorofScienceInformationandPublicOutreachattheHarvard-SmithsonianCenterforAstrophysics.eq\x(语篇解读本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本关于太空和太阳系的儿童读物。)1．WhatdoMaeamongtheStarsandSpacehaveincommon?A．Theyincludeless-knownastronauts.B．Theytellaboutscientists’childhood.C．Theycoverwomenexploringspace.D．Theyaresuitableforchildrenofallages.答案C解析推理判断题。根据MaeamongtheStarsbyStasiaBurrington部分的“ItwasinspiredbythefirstAfricanAmericanwomaninspace，MaeJemison.”和SpacebyLibbyJackson部分的“This...bookgiveskidsalookat50womenfromaroundtheworldwhowereinvolvedinexploringspace...”可知，两本书的共同之处是它们都涉及探索太空的女性。故选C。2．Whosebookattractschildrenshowinginterestinexperiments?A．StasiaBurrington’s.B．LibbyJackson’s.C．LelandMelvin’s.D．DavidA．Aguilar’s.答案C解析推理判断题。根据ChasingSpacebyLelandMelvin部分的“...healsoincludesDIYexperimentsforkidstotry...”可知，对实验感兴趣的孩子会被LelandMelvin的书吸引。故选C。3．WhatisuniquetoSystemandBeyond?A．Ithasbeautifulpictures.B．Ittellsaboutspaceartists.C．Ithaswonmanygrandawards.D．Itwaswrittenbyanastronomer.答案D解析细节理解题。根据SystemandBeyondbyDavidA．Aguilar部分的“Unlikeotherkids’spacebook...writtenandillustratedbyanaward-winningastronomerandspaceartist.”可知，这本书的独特之处是作者本人的身份是天文学家。故选D。B★MyhusbandandIalwayswantedtogototheCaribbeanbutdidn’tknowmuchabouttheislandsorhowweweregoingtoaffordit.Bychance，afriendofoursinAustraliamentioned“petsitting”andthatitissomethingyoucandoallovertheworld.Wequicklycreatedanaccountonapetsittingwebsiteandbegansearchingforoptions.Therewereonlyacoupleofsitsavailableinthatpartoftheworld，butwetriedourluck，sentarequest，andtooursurpriselandedathree-monthjobinGrenada，soouryearwasgoingtobetakenupwithCaribbeanpetsits.InspiredbyaCanadiancouple，wedecidedtostartourowntravelblog.WebeganbywritingabouttheVirginIslands，highlightingthebeautifulbeaches.However，foreveryphotoalbumofabeautifulbeach，therewere10photosoftrash(垃圾)．Itwashardtoignoretheplasticpollutionissue，especiallyonsuchprimitiveandremotebeaches.So，webegantosharephotosofthetrashwesawandhowmuchwecouldpickuponourdailydogwalks.Themorewelookedintoplasticpollution，themorewerealizedtheseverityoftheglobalplasticpollution.Fromthatpoint，weusedourplatformtocreateawarenessandhighlightwaystosaynotoplasticandtravelplastic-free.Wechangedourdailyroutines，ourwayofliving，andevenourdietstoaccommodatemoreorganicfoodsandlittletonoplasticpackaging.It’sbeenoverthreeyearsnowandwecontinuetodowhatwecan.Thisjourneyhasledustosomeamazingplaces，workingwithgreatbrandsandevenorganizingacountry-widebeachclean-upcampaigninGrenada.Ouraimnowistokeepongoing.Weloveconnectingwithlike-mindedpeople.It’sbeenamazingfewyearsthatwassparkedbyaconversationaboutpetsitting.Whowouldhaveguessed?语篇解读本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为一次宠物看护工作去了一座很美丽的小岛，但是小岛却被塑料所污染，之后作者一直致力于环境保护工作。4．Whydidtheauthordopetsitting?A．Toraisefund.B．Toprotecttheenvironment.C．Tocovertravelexpenses.D．Toshootbeautifulbeaches.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“MyhusbandandIalwayswantedtogototheCaribbeanbutdidn’tknowmuchabouttheislandsorhowweweregoingtoaffordit.”可知，作者做“宠物看护”的工作是为了支付自己和丈夫旅行的费用。故选C。5．Whatdoestheauthorintendtoconveythroughherstory?A．Petsittingisanewtypeofoccupation.B．TheCaribbeanisanidealtraveldestination.C．Travelblogisasuperbwaytogainpopularity.D．Actionshouldbetakentofightplasticpollution.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第三段末句“So，webegantosharephotosofthetrashwesawandhowmuchwecouldpickuponourdailydogwalks.”和第四段首句“Themorewelookedintoplasticpollution，themorewerealizedtheseverityoftheglobalplasticpollution.”可推知，作者想通过自己的故事告诉读者应该采取措施应对塑料污染。故选D。6．HowdidtheauthorfindherexperienceintheCaribbean?A．Significant. B．Challenging.C．Adventurous. D．Terrible.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Thisjourneyhasledustosomeamazingplaces，workingwithgreatbrandsandevenorganizingacountry-widebeachclean-upcampaigninGrenada.”可推知，作者认为自己在加勒比的经历是非常有意义的。故选A。7．Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ChangingLifestylesbyPetSittingB．UnexpectedGain