陕西省2025届高三英语下学期第三次质量检测试题含解析

PAGEPAGE21陕西省2025届高三英语下学期第三次质量检测试题（含解析）本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。留意事项:1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清晰，将条形码精确粘贴在条形码区域内。2.选择题必需运用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必需运用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清晰。3.请依据题号依次在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4.保持卡面整齐，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准运用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanwear?A.Adress.B.Askirt.C.Jeans.2.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Closethewindows.B.Sendarepairman.C.Cleantheapartment.3.Wherewillthespeakersgofirst?A.Tothebookshop,B.Tothesupermarket.C.Tothesportsshop.4.WhenwillthewomanmeetMr.Carter?A.At10:20.B.At10:30.C.At11:00.5.Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?A.Anexam.B.Aninterview.C.Acourse.其次节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdidthemanthinkoftheendingo£theplay?A.Unique.B.Unexpected.C.Unoriginal.7.Whatabouttheplayimpressedthewomanmost?A.Thecostume.B.Thecharacters.C.Theplot.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthemanplantodoonthe10th?A.Attendaparty.B.Meetthecustomers.C.Prepareforhistrip.9.HowlongwillthemanstayinMexico?A.Foraweek.B.Fortwoweeks.C.Foramonth.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whydoesthemanmakethemodelspaceship?A.Torecordateachingvideo.B.Toenteracompetition.C.Tofinishthehomework.11.Whatdoesthemanfocusonnow?A.Howtobuildthemodelspaceship.B.Howtodesignthemodelspaceship.C.Howtoflythemodelspaceship.12.Wherewillthemandothefirstflight?A.Inthepark.B.Inthegarden.C.Inthefields.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13Whatdidthelocalradiostationwanttocover?A.Celebrities'lives.B.Teenagers'lives.C.Teachers'lives.14.Whatbotheredtheman?A.Writingascript.B.Broadcastingnaturally.C.Dealingwiththeequipment.15.Howdidthemanfeelabouthisfriends'performanceaftertheinterview?A.Surprised.B.Embarrassed.C.Disappointed.16.Whatdidthemanlikedoing?AEditingtherecording.B.Workingwithproducers.C.Interviewingguests.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Wheredoesthespeakeroftengowithhertourists?A.AustraliaandFrance.B.EnglandandItaly.C.FranceandGermany.18.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkistheleastimportantforbeingatourguide?A.Training.B.Languages.C.Historyknowledge.19.Whatdidthespeakerfinddifficulttodealwithwhenapplyingforthejob?A.Theapplicationform.B.Theinterview.C.Thetalk.20.Howmanytouristsarethereusuallyinthespeaker'sgroup?A.40.B.46.C.50.其次部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AESSAYCONTESTTHEME“ALetterfromMyselfin2030”GUIDELINES1.Essaysmaybesubmittedbyanyoneupto25yearsold.2.Essaysmustbe700wordsorless.Essaysshouldbetypedorprinted.3.Entriesmaybesubmittedonlineorbypostalmail.*IMPORTANT:Tosendyouressayonline,youmustgototheorganizer'swebsiteandfollowtherequiredsteps.4.Entriessubmittedbypostalmailmustincludeacoverpageindicating:yourname;age;gender;address;e-mail;phonenumber;schoolname(ifapplicable);essaytitle;wordcount.*Acoverpagetemplate(模板)isavailabletodownloadontheorganizer'swebsite.Youmayalsocreateyourowncoverpagewithallitemsabove.5.Essaysmustbeoriginalandunpublished.6.Essaysmustbewrittenbyoneperson.DEADLINEEntriesmustbereceivedbyJune15thisyear.AWARDS1stPrize:Certificate+Prizeof$1,0002ndPrize:Certificate+Prizeof$5003rdPrize:Certificate+Gift*1stprizewinnerswillbeinvitedtotheawardceremonyonNovember20thisyearandwillreceivetheMinisterofEducationAward.(Travelexpenseswillbecoveredbytheorganizer.)*AllprizewinnerswillbeannouncedonOctober31thisyearontheorganizer'swebsite.Certificatesandgiftswillbemailedtothewinners,onDecember10thisyear.1.Whichofthefollowingentrieswillbeconsidered?A.Co-authoredones. B.Handwrittenones.C.Thoseoflessthan700words. D.Thosemailedwithoutacoverpage.2.Whatwilla2ndprizewinnerget?A.Aspecialgift. B.Acertificateand$500.C.Atickettotheawardceremony. D.TheMinisterofEducationAward.3.Whenwillthecontestresultsbeannounced?A.OnJune15. B.OnOctober31.C.OnNovember20. D.OnDecember10.【答案】1.C2.B3.B【解析】【分析】本文是一则广告。文章介绍作文竞赛及其有关事宜。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据GUIDELINES部分中的“Essaysmustbe700wordsorless(论文字数不超过700字)”可知，参赛作品为700词或以下。故选C。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据AWARDS部分中的“2ndPrize:Certificate+Prizeof$500(二等奖：证书+奖金$500)”可知，获得其次名的参赛者将得到一张证书和500美元的奖金。故选B。【3题详解】细微环节理解题。依据AWARDS部分中的“AllprizewinnerswillbeannouncedonOctober31thisyearontheorganizers’website(全部获奖者将于今年10月31日在主办单位的网站上公布)”可知，10月31日BIntheworldofChinesearchaeology(考古学),asignofadig'simportanceisthesightofZhouMingshengatwork.AfieldtechnicianwhohasworkedatarchaeologicalsitesallaroundChina.MasterZhouiscreditedwiththegentlesttouchinhisprofession.Bornintoafarmingfamily,heisa“national-levelcraftsman”withatalentforusingsimpletoolstogetrelics(遗物)thatwouldcrumbleinotherhands,sayshiscurrentboss,WangXu,directorofanarchaeologicalsiteatShuanghuaishu,aNeolithic(新石器时代的)settlementneartheYellowRiverinthecentralprovinceofHenan.ItisnotbeautythatattractsvisitorstoShuanghuaishu.At5,300yearsold,thesettlementistheworkofaculturetoosimpletohaveleftbehindmanyburiedtreasures.Thesinglemostpreciousfind,todate,isafinger-lengthsculptureofasilkworm.Noristhesettinglovely:anareasurroundedbydeafeninginsects,betweenahighwayandtwopowerstations.Rather,thesite'simportanceishistorical.ForsincethebirthofChinesearchaeologyinthe1920s,ithasbeeninseparablefromclaimsthatChinahastheoldestunbrokencivilisationonEarth.Leadingarchaeologistssaythatthesitehastherightcombinationoflocation,ageanddistinctiveculturalelementstobethecapitalofanearlyChinesekingdom.ThatwouldmakeitabridgebetweenChina'swrittenhistoryandtheeraoftheYellowEmperor,whoissaidtoruleoverthesecentralplainsalmost5,000yearsago,thoughmanyforeignscholarsdoubthisexistence.ChinesemediacallthesiteproofofChina's5,000yearsofhistory.Foreignerscomplainaboutalackofwrittenrecords,MrWangnotes.Perhapstheyaremissingsymbolsthatwillonedaybeunderstood,forinstanceinpatternedpottery.Outsiders"can'tkeepusingWesternstandardstoapplytoChineseruins,"heargues.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“crumble”inparagraph1mean?A.Result. B.Break. C.Wait. D.Shine.5.WhydoesShuanghuaishuattractvisitors?A.Itisofgreathistoricalsignificance. B.Ithasvariousprecioustreasures.C.Ithasappealingscenery. D.Itiseasilyaccessible.6.WhatisMrWang'sattitudetowardsforeigners'view?A.Ambiguous. B.Tolerant.C.Disapproving. D.Sympathetic.7.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Chinesehistoryamazestheworld B.ChinesearchaeologycatchesonC.Chinafollowsitstradition D.Chinadigsitspast【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了河南双槐树新石器时代遗址，它可以为中华五千年文明的存在供应证据。【4题详解】词句揣测题。依据划线词上一句“MasterZhouiscreditedwiththegentlesttouchinhisprofession.(周大师在他的职业领域中被认为是最温顺的)”并结合其前的relics(文物)一词可知，这些历史遗物在别人的手里可能会被弄碎。理解crumble的关键是gentlest一词，该词体现了周明生对遗物的当心呵护，生怕损坏它们。故选B项。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段最终两句“Rather,thesite'simportanceishistorical.ForsincethebirthofChinesearchaeologyinthe1920s,ithasbeeninseparablefromclaimsthatChinahastheoldestunbrokencivilisationonEarth.(相反，该遗址的重要性具有历史意义。因为自从中国考古学在20世纪20年头诞生以来，这与中国拥有地球上最古老的完整文明的说法是分不开的)”及前文可知，这个地方不是因为自然美景，也不是因为可爱，之所以吸引游客是因其重要的历史意义。故选A项。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据末段中的“Foreignerscomplainaboutalackofwrittenrecords,Mr.WangnotesOutsiders“can’tkeepusingWesternstandardstoapplytoChineseruins.”heargues.(王先生指出，外国人埋怨缺乏书面记录。或许他们丢失的符号有一天会被理解，例如在有图案的陶器。他认为，外人“不能始终用西方的标准来评判中国的废墟”)”可知，王先生认为西方人始终在用西方的标准来评判中国的文化遗址，并不赞成国外人士的观点。故选C项。【7题详解】标题归纳题。文章首段“…anarchaeologicalsiteatShuanghuaishu,aNeolithic(新石器时代的)settlementneartheYellowRiverinthecentralprovinceofHenan.(新石器时代在中部的河南省黄河旁边聚居地)”以一位实地技术人员考古的场景引出双槐树遗址，紧接着其次段介绍该遗址的魅力所在“ThatwouldmakeitabridgebetweenChina'swrittenhistoryandtheeraoftheYellowEmperor,whoissaidtoruleoverthesecentralplainsalmost5,000yearsago,thoughmanyforeignscholarsdoubthisexistence.ChinesemediacallthesiteproofofChina's5,000yearsofhistory.(这将使它成为中国有文字记载的历史和黄帝时代之间的一座桥梁。据说，黄帝在近5000年前就统治着这些中原地区，尽管很多外国学者怀疑他的存在。中国媒体称这个遗址是中国5000年历史的证明)”双槐树遗址证明白中国五千年文明的存在，D项Chinadigsitspast(中国挖掘到了它的过去)中的digs一词一语双关，既生动形象地描绘出考古工作的主要特点，也表明白中国对其古文明的不断挖掘探究；itspast指双槐树遗址挖掘为五千年文明的存在供应了证据。符合文章主旨大意。故选D项。CAswetrytofindtheanswertoclimatechange,eachnewsolutionmaybringevenmorequestionsabouttheiroveralleffects.Couldthenoisefromwindturbines(涡轮机)causecancer?Couldthesoundfromanelectriccarbegoodforplantgrowth,regeneratingtheenvironment?That'sthehopeofAyaxToyota.Withinthenexttwoyears,theU.S.andEuropewillrequireelectriccarstocreateanoiseinordertowarnpedestriansoftheirapproach,orelsethesequietvehiclescantakepedestriansandbikersbysurprise.Insteadofjustcreatingasoundthatissimilartothesoundofnon—electricvehicles,Ayax,anindependentmanufacturer,haspartneredwithadigitalinnovationagencyTheElectricFactory,asounddesigner,tocreateasoundthattheysaycouldgofurthertobenefittheenvironment.CalledtheHYProject(shortfor“harmony"),thesoundisinspiredbyseveralamusingstudiesthathavelookedintotheeffectsofsoundfrequenciesonplants.InoneoutofIndia,researchersplacedmungbean(绿豆)plantsinsoundproof(隔音的)rooms,oneofwhichremainedsilent,anotherwhichhadancientsongspipedin,andathirdwhichscoldedthebeanswith"discouragingwords."Theplantsexposedtothesongshadthe"maximumgrowthoftheshoot,"thescientistsclaim.Inanother,SouthKoreanresearcherscompareddifferenttypesofplants'responsestoavarietyoffrequencies,notingreactionslikeroot-tipbending,anincreaseintheexpressionof"defense-relatedgenes,"andhigherproductionforcropsfromcottontoricetotomatoes.Theyconcludedthoughthesoundmaybea“potentialnewcause”forplantprotection,therearestill“somemajorconcernsabouttheuseofsoundtreatmentinplantscience.”Othermanufacturersareexploringelectriccarsoundsthatrangefromtheclassiccarsoundtracktoonesthatrepresentspaceships.AyaxpresidentAlejandroCurciosaysthatinsteadofcreatinganelectricvehiclesoundthatonlymatterstodrivers,theywantedtoconsiderhowthissoundwouldaffectthingsbeyondthefourwheels.8.WhatisEurope'srequirementforelectriccarsinthefuture?A.Theirspeedshouldsurprisepedestrians.B.Theyshouldbeequippedwithdigitalsystems.C.Theirsoundshouldbeloudenoughtoalarmpassers-by.D.Theyshouldovercomethedrawbacksofpetrolvehicles.9.WhatdidtheIndianresearchersfind?A.Talkingtoplantsslowedthebeans'growth.B.Thesongshadapositiveeffectonthebeans'growth.C.Silentroomscreatedagoodatmosphereforthebeans.D.Somebeanplantsdiedsuddenlyforanunknownreason.10.WhatcanwesayabouttheconclusionoftheSouthKoreanresearch?A.Itwillleadtoachangeincropvarieties.B.Itwillchangethegenesofcrops.C.Itismorecomplicated.D.Itismoreconvincing.11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroduceaneco-friendlytechnology.B.Topointoutthenegativesidesofinventions.C.Tostatethenecessityofusingelectriccars.D.Tostressdriversneedsforsounds.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了电动汽车领域的一项环保技术：电动汽车发出的声音能促进植物生长。文章介绍了其产生的背景、探讨人员的发觉及存在的问题。【8题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段“Withinthenexttwoyears,theU.S.andEuropewillrequireelectriccarstocreateanoiseinordertowarnpedestriansoftheirapproach,orelsethesequietvehiclescantakepedestriansandbikersbysurprise.(在将来两年内，美国和欧洲将要求电动汽车制造噪音，以提示行人他们即将到来，否则这些宁静的车辆会让行人和骑自行车的人大吃一惊)”可知，欧洲国家要求电动汽车发出的声音能使行人听见。故选C项。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Theplantsexposedtothesongshadthe"maximumgrowthoftheshoot,"thescientistsclaim.(科学家称，听过这些歌曲的植物“枝条生长最快”)”可知，印度探讨人员发觉，这些歌曲对咖啡豆的生长有主动的影响。故选B项。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数其次段“Inanother,SouthKoreanresearcherscompareddifferenttypesofplants'responsestoavarietyoffrequencies,notingreactionslikeroot-tipbending,anincreaseintheexpressionof"defense-relatedgenes,"andhigherproductionforcropsfromcottontoricetotomatoes.Theyconcludedthoughthesoundmaybea“potentialnewcause”forplantprotection,therearestill“somemajorconcernsabouttheuseofsoundtreatmentinplantscience.”(在另一项探讨中，韩国探讨人员比较了不同类型的植物对各种频率的反应，留意到诸如根尖弯曲、“防卫相关基因”表达增加、棉花、水稻和番茄等作物产量提高等反应。他们得出的结论是，虽然声音可能是植物爱护的一个“潜在的新缘由”，但“在植物科学中运用声音处理仍旧存在一些主要的担忧。”)可推知，韩国的探讨结论更有劝服力。故选D项。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第三段“Insteadofjustcreatingasoundthatissimilartothesoundofnonelectricvehicles,Ayax,anindependentmanufacturer,haspartneredwithadigitalinnovationagencyTheElectricFactory,asounddesigner,tocreateasoundthattheysaycouldgofurthertobenefittheenvironment.(独立制造商Ayax并没有制造出类似于非电动汽车声音，而是与数字创新机构、声音设计师电动工厂合作，制造出一种他们认为可以进一步造福环境的声音。本文介绍了电动汽车领域的一项环保技术：电动汽车发出的声音能促进植物生长)”可知，文章介绍了其产生的背景、探讨人员的发觉及存在的问题。由此可知，这篇文章的目的是介绍一种环保技术。故选A项。DCallitasurprise:HurricaneMichaelstrengthenedunusuallyquicklybeforehittingtheFloridapanhandle,alongandthinlandmasssurroundingthenortheasternGulfofMexico,onOctober10,2024,andremainedabnormallystrongasitsweptintoGeorgia.Thestormmadelandfallwithstrongwindsofabout250kilometersperhour,justshyofacategory5storm,makingitthestrongeststormevertohitthearea,accordingtotheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration'sNationalHurricaneCenter,orNHC.Warmoceanwatersareknowntofuelhurricanesviolencebyaddingheatandmoisture(湿气);thedrierairoverlandmasses,comparatively,canhelpreduceastorm'sstrength.SohurricanesnearingtheFloridapanhandletendedtoweaken.ButwatersintheGulfthatwereabout1degreeto2degreesCelsiuswarmerthanaverageforthistimeofyear,aswellasabundantmoistureintheairovertheeasternUnitedStates,helpedtostrengthenMichael.Despitesomewindconditionsthatscientistsexpectedtoweakenthestorm,itstrengthenedsteadilyuntilitmadelandfall,whichtheNHCnoted"defies(违反)traditionallogic",Thefast-movingstormweakenedonlyslightly,toacategory3,beforesweepingintoGeorgia.Althoughitisnotpossibletoattribute(把归因于)thegenerationofanyonestormtoclimatechange,scientistshavelongpredictedthatwarmingoceanwaterswouldleadtomorefiercetropicalcyclones(热带飓风)inthefuture.Morerecentattributionstudieshaveconfirmedthatprediction,suggestingthatverywarmwatersinthetropicalAtlantichelpedtofuel2017'spowerfulstormseason,whichcausedhurricanesIrmaandMaria.HurricaneHarvey,fueledbyunusuallywarmwatersintheGulfofMexicoinAugust2017,alsounderwentarapidintensification(增加),strengtheningfromatropicalstormtoacategory4hurricanewithinabout30hours.Andin2024scientistsreportedthatHurricaneFlorence,whichhittheCarolinasinSeptember2024,wasprobablywarmerandwetterduetowarmerthanaverageseasurfacetemperaturesintheAtlanticOcean.12.WhatdoweknowaboutHurricaneMichaelfromParagraph1?A.ItsweptfromGeorgiatoFlorida.B.Itwaspowerfulbeyondexpectation.C.Itreacheduptoacategory5storm.D.ItwasthestrongestinAmericanhistory.13.What'sParagraph2mainlyabout?A.ThereasonwhyHurricaneMichaelbecamesoviolent.B.Thefunctionsomewindconditionsperformed.C.Thekeyrolewarmoceanwatersplayed.D.Thewaytoreduceastorm'sstrength.14.WhichofthefollowinghurricanesonceswepttheCarolinasin2024?A.HurricaneIrma. B.HurricaneMaria.C.HurricaneHarvey. D.HurricaneFlorence.15.Whywereanothertwohurricanesmentionedinthelastparagraph?A.Toshowthedangersofglobalwarming.B.Toexplaintheresultofstronghurricanes.C.Toprovidesomeevidenceoftheprediction.D.Toshowscientists'concernaboutthefuture.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了飓风“迈克尔”及其出乎意料得强劲的缘由。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段中的“Callitasurprise:HurricaneMichaelstrengthenedunusuallyquicklybeforehittingtheFloridapanhandleandremainedabnormallystrongasitsweptintoGeorgia,”（飓风“迈克尔”在攻击佛罗里达狭长地带之前异样快速地增加，并在席卷乔治亚州时保持异样强劲；）以及“…makingitthestrongeststormevertohitthearea”（这是该地区有史以来最强的风暴可知，飓风“迈克尔”出乎意料得强劲。）故选B项。【13题详解】主旨大意题。依据其次段“ButwatersintheGulfthatwereabout1degreeto2degreesCelsiuswarmerthanaverageforthistimeofyear,aswellasabundantmoistureintheairovertheeasternUnitedStates,helpedtostrengthenMichael.”（但是墨西哥湾的海水比每年这个时候的平均温度高1到2摄氏度，加上美国东部空气中丰富的水分，帮助迈克尔增加了力气。）本段主要分析了飓风“迈克尔”如此强劲的缘由。故选A项。【14题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中的“Andin2024,scientistsreportedthatHurricaneFlorence,whichhittheCarolinasinSeptember2024”（2024年，科学家报告称，2024年9月攻击卡罗莱纳州的飓风佛罗伦萨。）可知，2024，飓风“佛罗伦萨”冲击了卡莱罗纳州。故选D项。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数其次段中的“Morerecentattributionstudieshaveconfirmedthatprediction.”（最近的归因探讨证明白这一预料；）以及最终一段“HurricaneHarvey,fueledbyunusuallywarmwatersintheGulfofMexicoinAugust2017,alsounderwentarapidintensification(增加)，strengtheningfromatropicalstormtoacategory4hurricanewithinabout30hours.Andin2024scientistsreportedthatHurricaneFlorence,whichhittheCarolinasinSeptember2024,wasprobablywarmerandwetterduetowarmerthanaverageseasurfacetemperaturesintheAtlanticOcean.”（飓风哈维,受异样暖和的墨西哥湾水域2017年8月,也经验了一个快速强化，加强从热带风暴在大约30小时内4级飓风。2024年，科学家报告称，2024年9月攻击卡罗来纳的飓风佛罗伦萨可能更暖和、更潮湿，因为大西洋的海洋表面温度高于平均温度。）可推知，本段中的两个飓风事例只是为了证明全球变暖导致飓风更强劲。故选C项。其次节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。CommercialshippingYouprobablyownafewpairsofsneakers,acellphoneandsometoys.Youprobablypurchasedthematalocaldepartmentstore,butthoseproductsprobablyweren'tmadeinAmerica.So,wheredidtheycomefrom?____16____WhencommercialproductstravelacrossAmerica,theyareusuallyshippedtostoresviasemi-trucks.Nodoubt,youhaveseenthesesemi-trucksonthehighwayorparkedbehindastorewhentheyunloadtheirgoods.Butbeforetheyareevenloadedontotrucks,productsareshippedtoAmericaviacontainerships.____17____Unlessyoulive-onthecoast,youmayhaveneverseenacontainershiporshippingcontainer.Shippingcontainersarelarge,rectangular,steelboxes.____18____Thevolume(容量)insideisprobablysimilartoyourclassroom.Companiesuseshippingcontainersinsteadofplanestotransporttheirproductsbecauseitislessexpensive.Itcostsaboutone-tenththecosttotransportgoodsviashippingcontainersthanbyairplane.Thelargestcontainershipcanholduptoeighteenthousandcontainers!Becausecontainershipsaresoaffordableandcancarrysomuch,theyareusedfrequently.Infact,theaverageshipcouldtravelthreequartersofthewaytothemooneachyear.____19____Theshippingcontainerindustryemploysoveramillionpeople.____20____Theyrequirelotsoffossilfuels(矿物燃料)totransporttheirgoods.Itisbelievedthatthelargestshippollutestheairasmuchasfiftymillioncarsdoeachyear!So,thenexttimeyoubuyanewshirtortoy,remembertoseewhereitwasmade.Howmuchenergyandeffortdidittaketogetthatproducthalfwayaroundtheworldforyoutopurchase?A.Protectingandinsuringthegoodsaddscoststhattheconsumerpays.B.Infact,mosttransportedgoodsareshippedviashippingcontainers.C.Allthoseshipsandcontainersalsorequirealotofpeoplepower.D.Theyareabout48feetlong,9.5feettall,and8.5feetwide.E.Containershipshavedisadvantages,however.F.HowdidtheygettoAmerica?G.Whatarecontainerships?【答案】16.F17.B18.D19.C20.E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了航运的集装箱及其优缺点。【16题详解】依据其次段中的“Butbeforetheyareevenloadedontotrucks,productsareshippedtoAmericaviacontainerships.(但在它们被装上卡车之前，产品是通过集装箱船运往美国的)”可知，作者在此处应当是问这些产品如何到达美国，F项符合语境。故选F项。【17题详解】结合该空前的“containerships”与该空后的“acontainershiporshippingcontainer”可知，B项中的“shippingcontainers”和前后文相呼应，B项“事实上，大多数运输货物是通过集装箱运输的。”符合语境，进一步说明货物是如何通过船只来运输的。故选B项。【18题详解】依据该空前的“Shippingcontainersarelarge,rectangular,steelboxes.(海运集装箱是大型的矩形钢制箱子)”和空后的“Thevolume(容量)insideisprobablysimilartoyourclassroom.(容量可能类似于你的教室)”可知，此处是在介绍集装箱的大小及形态，D项“它们大约48英尺长，9.5英尺高，8.5英尺宽。”符合语境。故选D项。【19题详解】依据该空后的“Theshippingcontainerindustryemploysoveramillionpeople.(集装箱运输业雇佣了一百多万人)”可知，这一行业须要大量的人力，C项“全部这些船只和集装箱也须要大量的人力。”符合语境。空后的“employsovermillionpeople”与C项中的“requirealotofpeoplepower”相呼应。故选C项。【20题详解】依据该段中的“Theyrequirelotsoffossilfuels(矿物燃料)totransporttheirgoods.Itisbelievedthatthelargestshippollutestheairasmuchasfiftymillioncarsdoeachyear!(它们须要大量的矿物燃料来运输它们的货物。人们信任，最大的船只每年对空气的污染相当于五千万辆汽车)”可知，此处主要是说集装箱运输船存在的问题。E项“然而，集装箱也有缺点。”符合语境，该空后的They与E项中的“Containerships”形成指代关系。故选E项。第三部分英语学问运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myfatherisaveryhard-workingperson.He____21____educationinpeople'slife.Beingateacherbyprofession,hetriedtoconcentrateallhiseffortsonhelpinghis____22____succeed.Thisinspiredmetofollowhis____23____byworkinghardinschool.Healso____24____metokeepon____25____,tellingmethattheskywasthelimit.Myfathershowsrespectforothers.Allthroughmylife,Ihaveseenmyfathersettledisputes(争辩)____26____.Thishastaughtmetheimportanceofacceptingotherpeople's____27____andseekinghelpintimesof____28____.Beingamodestanddown-to-earthperson,myfatherensured(确保)thatIwaslikehim.Iwas____29____toswallowmy____30____wheneversuccessknocksonthedoor.Instead,____31____pastsuccessesandworkingevenharderishismotto.Thewordlovesoundssmallbutfewpeople____32____whatitreallymeanstolove.Itisatrait(品质)thatmyfatherhadand____33____possesses.Ithasenabledmetospreadmy____34____toallwhoassociatewithmeinonewayoranother.Ibelieveindoingthings____35____andfastinlife.ThisissomethingthatI____36____myfather.Irememberhis____37____saying,"Theearlybirdcatchestheworm."Thissayinghas____38____metobewhatIamandwhereIamtoday.____39____theenthusiasmtoaccomplishthingsearlyinlife,Iwasableto____40____bothmyO-LevelandA-Leveleducationatthemostappropriatetimes.Indeed,!cansaythatitismyfatherwhohasmademewhatIamtoday.21.A.values B.needs C.receives D.affords22.A.colleagues B.students C.neighbors D.teachers23.A.example B.argument C.order D.plan24.A.invited B.challenged C.begged D.encouraged25.A.playing B.enjoying C.trying D.sharing26.A.anxiously B.casually C.secretly D.calmly27.A.apology B.disagreement C.success D.disappearance28.A.change B.danger C.peace D.difficulty29.A.observed B.allowed C.taught D.paid30.A.fear B.anger C.pride D.surprise31.A.forgetting B.achieving C.celebrating D.experiencing32.A.believe B.understand C.predict D.decide33.A.seldom B.just C.never D.still34.A.love B.knowledge C.message D.dream35.A.alone B.again C.early D.simply36.A.reliedon B.learntfrom C.referredto D.preparedfor37.A.famous B.similar C.strange D.favorite38.A.told B.wanted C.helped D.asked39.A.Becauseof B.Insteadof C.Exceptfor D.Asfor40.A.review B.finish C.finance D.apply【答案】21.A22.B23.A24.D25.C26.D27.B28.D29.C30.C31.A32.B33.D34.A35.A36.B37.D38.C39.A40.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述的是作者从小在父亲的教化下明白了很多很好的道理和做事原则，并且在生活中践行这些道理，带来了主动的影响。

【详解】1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他重视人们生活中的教化。A.values重视；B.needs须要；C.receives收到；D.affords买得起。依据下文“Beingateacherbyprofession,hetriedtoconcentrateallhiseffortsonhelpinghis2succeed.”(作为一名职业老师，他努力集中精力帮助他的学生取得胜利。)可知。“我”的父亲很“重视(values)教化”。故选A项。2.考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名职业老师，他努力集中精力帮助他的学生取得胜利。A.colleagues同事；B.students学生；C.neighbors邻居；D.teachers老师。依据上文中的Beingateacherbyprofession可知，“我”的父亲作为老师，把全部精力都集中在了让自己的“学生(students)”胜利上。故选B项。3.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这激励我以他为榜样，在学校努力学习。A.example榜样，例子；B.argument争辩；C.order吩咐，订单；D.plan安排。依据上文中的hard-working以及下文中的workinghard可知，“我”以父亲为“榜样(example)”。故选A项。4.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还激励我接着尝试，告知我天空才是极限。A.invited邀请；B.challenged挑战；C.begged祈求；D.encouraged激励。依据上文中的inspired以及also可知，应选encouraged，表示“激励”我接着尝试。故选D项。5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还激励我接着尝试，告知我天空才是极限。A.playing玩，打（球类）；B.enjoying享受，喜爱；C.trying尝试，努力；D.sharing共享。依据下文中的theskywasthelimit可知，父亲激励“我”不断“尝试(trying)”。故选C项。6.考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我的一生中，我看到我的父亲安静地解决争端。A.anxiously焦虑地；B.casually随意地；C.secretly隐私地；D.calmly冷静地。依据上文“Myfathershowsrespectforothers(我父亲向别人展示出敬重。)”可知，父亲处理争辩时很“冷静(calmly)”。故选D项。7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这让我懂得了接受别人的不同看法和在困难的时候寻求帮助的重要性。A.apology致歉；B.disagreement争辩；C.success胜利；D.disappearance消逝。依据上文中的disputes可知，父亲教给“我”接受他人的“不同看法(disagreement)”的重要性。故选B项。8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这让我懂得了接受别人的不同看法和在困难的时候寻求帮助的重要性。A.change变更；B.danger危急；C.peace和平，安静；D.difficulty困难。依据上文中的seekinghelp可知，到“困难(difficulty)”要寻求帮助。故选D项。9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被教化在胜利敲门的时候要放下傲慢。A.observed视察；B.allowed允许；C.taught教；D.paid支付。依据前文可知，我被父亲“教化”，故选C项。10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被教化在胜利敲门的时候要放下傲慢。A.fear胆怯 ；B.anger担忧；C.pride傲慢，骄傲；D.surprise惊喜，惊异。依据“beingamodest”可知父亲是一个虚心的人，所以教化我胜利时应放下“傲慢”，故选C项。11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，遗忘过去的胜利，更加努力工作是他的座右铭。A.forgetting遗忘；B.achieving达到；C.celebrating庆祝；D.experiencing体验，经验。依据上文中的Beingamodestanddown-earth-toperson,myfatherensuredthatIwaslikehim可知，父亲“教给(taught)”“我”“胜不骄(pride)”的道理。他的座右铭是，“遗忘(forgetting)”过去的胜利，更加努力地工作。故选A项。12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱这个词听起来很小，但是很少有人理解爱的真正含义。A.believe信任；B.understand理解；C.predict预料；D.decide确定。依据转折连词but可知，love这个单词听起来无关紧要，但很少有人“明白(understand)”它的真正含义。故选B项。13.考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是我父亲过去和现在都有的品质。A.seldom很少；B.just仅仅；C.never从不；D.still仍旧。依据句意“过去和现在”可知，“我”的父亲现在“依旧(still)”有这个品质。故选D项。14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：它使我能够把我的爱传播给全部以这种或那种方式与我联系的人。A.love爱；B.knowledge学问；C.message信息；D.dream幻想。依据前文内容可知，本段的主旨是父亲教化“我”要爱别人，所以是把爱传播给别人，故选love。故选A项。15.考查副词词义辨析。句意：我信任在生活中做事情要早，要快。A.alone独自；B.again再一次；C.early早地；D.