高考总复习优化设计二轮用书英语(新高考)专题5 NO.1　写作总策略•破解书面表达2维度

高考总复习优化设计GAOKAOZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI2024专题五应用文写作NO.1写作总策略•破解书面表达2维度维度1维度2目录索引0102考情分析年份卷别文体话题2023新高考全国Ⅰ卷建议信对外教分组安排的意见和建议全国乙卷投稿学习新技能全国甲卷投稿中国历史人物2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷邀请信节目访谈全国乙卷投稿英语学习活动调查全国甲卷投稿保护海洋2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷投稿庆祝Youth创刊十周年全国乙卷发言稿做聪明的网络学习者全国甲卷咨询信向外国朋友了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国友人命题专家谈高考1.未来命题形式仍然以半开放为主,方式会更加灵活,需要考生仔细审题,判断是哪种写作文体,有时甚至会融合两种文体。例如:回复关于约稿的告知信,并呼吁积极参与投稿;宣传你校微信公众号,并提倡大家进行关注等等;2.选材依旧会贴近学生生活,关注德智体美劳各个方面,深化对英语交际应用能力的考查,体现交际功能和中国文化元素等;3.日常训练要拓宽思路,灵活组题,对不同话题、不同文体的写作内容,进行多角度、多方位的强化训练。维度1学习评分标准,实现高分有方向一、评分标准解读

档次解读第五档(13~15分)能写明全部要点;语言基本无误;行文连贯,表达清楚第四档(10~12分)能写明全部或绝大部分要点;语言有少量错误;行文不够连贯,表达基本清楚第三档(7~9分)能写明基本要点;语言虽有较多错误,但能基本达意第二档(4~6分)能写明部分要点;语言错误多,影响意思表达第一档(1~3分)只能写出一两个要点;语言错误很多,只有个别句子正确0分未作答;内容太少,无法评判;写的内容与所要求的内容无关或所写内容无法看清二、评分细则1.满分15分,按五个档次进行评分。2.评分时主要从内容要点、词汇语法和篇章结构三个方面考虑。具体为:①内容要点的覆盖情况以及表述的清楚程度和合理性;②使用词汇和语法结构的准确性、恰当性和多样性;③上下文的衔接和全文的连贯性。3.评分时,先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后根据该档次的评分标准来衡量、确定或调整档次,最后给分。4.词数应为80左右,少于60和多于100的,从总分中减去2分。5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面,评分时,应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。书写较差影响交际的,将分数降低一个档次。[典题印证](2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷)假定你是校广播站英语节目“TalkandTalk”的负责人李华,请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括:1.节目介绍;2.访谈的时间和话题。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请在相应位置作答。DearCaroline,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua[示例1]三档作文

DearCaroline,Yourssincerely,LiHua名师点评本范文要点基本齐全,结构完整,但是书写潦草,整体给阅卷老师的感觉是该考生基本功差,没有吸引老师的亮点词汇和高级句式,还犯了一些低级的错误。1.句式方面:句式单一,单句较多;不会使用非谓语、定语从句和名词性从句等复杂句式;2.词汇方面:不定冠词误用(aEnglish),漏词(TalkTalk),拼写错误(writting)等,这类错误虽然不会对句意的表达产生很大的影响,但会给阅卷老师留下该考生语言基础薄弱的印象,从而使作文落入低档;3.语法方面:时态和主谓一致错误(如:schoollifebecomingmoreandmorecolorful)、介词误用(如:inSunday),这些错误也是考生的作文在低档徘徊的直接原因;4.格式方面:标点符号缺失(AndtheprogramwillbeheldinSundayandthetopicisabout“Englishclassic”)。[示例2]五档作文DearCaroline,Yourssincerely,LiHua高分原因本范文要点齐全、结构完整、用词准确、语言流畅,灵活地运用了亮点词汇和高级句式,具备了满分作文的六大基本特征:1.层次不乱(本文分为三段,层次清晰);2.句式多变(非谓语动词作定语heldby“TalkandTalk”;定语从句whichisanEnglishprogramme...,Asyouknow;主语从句Itiscertainthatallstudentswillbenefitfromyourspeech.);3.亮点若干(高级词汇:improve,benefitfrom,appreciate,oaccount,lookforwardto);4.巧妙串联(如:besides);5.小错不犯;6.卷面整洁,语意丰满。维度2用好“4策略”,写出高分作文策略1遵循“两美”原则,打造内外兼美好作文策略2词汇高级,“语”众不同高级词汇就像一颗颗耀眼的明珠,为作文增添光彩,从而使考生稳拿高分。选词时应注意两点:技法1摒弃笼统表达,细化描写笼统词具有较强的概括性,考生相对熟悉,但具体词能形象地描述事物或反映细腻的感情色彩变化,使表达更出彩。Itwassetuptoraiseawarenessofprotectingtheocean,whichplaysanimportantpartinglobalecosystem.(2022全国甲卷)→Itwassetuptoraiseawarenessofprotectingtheocean,whichplaysasignificant/crucialpartinglobalecosystem.Whenfeelingsad,Ioftenchoosetoenjoythenovelpartwhichincludesalotofgoodstories.(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷)→Whenfeelingdepressed,Ioftenchoosetoenjoythenovelpartwhichincludesalotofimaginativestories.[高分语料]笼统词具体词goodamazing/breathtaking惊人的;awesome令人惊叹的;brilliant绝妙的;fantastic极好的;impressive给人印象深刻的;remarkable/extraordinary非凡的;splendid/spectacular壮丽的happycheerful/delighted/joyful快乐的;overjoyed欣喜若狂的;thrilled兴奋的beautifulattractive吸引人的;appealing有吸引力的;charming/engaging/fascinating迷人的importantcrucial/vital/essential至关重要的;fundamental根本的;primary首要的;significant有重大意义的笼统词具体词difficultcomplicated/complex复杂的;challenging挑战性的;puzzling令人困惑不解的big/largebroad辽阔的;enormous庞大的;giant/huge/immense/gigantic/massive巨大的small/littlenarrow狭窄的;slight轻微的;tiny极小的;young年轻的

veryabsolutely/extremely极其;awfully/badly/especially/highly/terribly非常

haveenjoy享有;hold怀有(信念、意见);possess拥有;own拥有:beinpossessionof拥有笼统词具体词godash猛冲;flee逃跑;head朝……行进;hurry迅速移动;move移动;pace来回踱步;race快速移动;rush冲,急速行进;slip溜;struggle艰难行进;speed快速前行;wander漫游、游giveaward授予;contribute贡献;donate捐赠;offer主动提供;provide提供;supply供给

see/lookexamine(仔细地)检查;glance瞥一眼;notice注意到;observe观察;stare凝视;spot发现;surf浏览;witness目击;catchsightof看见;checkout查看;lookaround环顾;lookthrough浏览sayannounce声称;comment评论;declare宣布;exclaim惊叫;inform通知;persuade劝说;reply回答;remark评论;respond回应;state陈述;shout大声说;whisper小声说笼统词具体词like/enjoy/loveadmire欣赏;appreciate赏识;cherish珍爱;prefer更喜欢;treasure珍视,珍爱;becrazy/madabout对……着迷;beenthusiasticabout热衷于……;bepassionateabout酷爱……;haveatastefor/in对……感兴趣;show(a)greatinterestin对……表现出极大的兴趣thinkconsider仔细考虑;expect认为;reflect沉思;suppose推断;beregardedas被视为

knowrealize意识到;recognize认出,认可;understand理解笼统词具体词wantdesire渴望;long渴望;wish希望;bedying/thirstyfor渴望

askconsult咨询;enquire/inquire询问;interview采访;question正式提问;wonder想知道

changedevelop发展;grow增长;improve改善;transform改变;rise上升learnmaster掌握;research研究;preview预习;getthehangof掌握……的要领;haveagoodcommandof熟练掌握技法2多用高级表达,短语优先恰当地选用一些贴切、地道的高级表达对提高书面表达的得分档次至关重要。所以考生不妨考虑在文章中使用较高级的表达,充分展现自己的语言功底。1.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldconsidermyinvitation.(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷)→Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyinvitationinto

account.2.Inconclusion,weshouldknowitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesandfindaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient.(2021全国乙卷)→Inconclusion,weshouldhave

a

good

understanding

ofitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesandfindaproperwaytomakeourstudymoreefficient.3.Inordertogetmoreclicks,you’dbettertellmewhichChinesecultureattractswesternersmost.(2021全国甲卷)→Inordertogetmoreclicks,you’dbettertellmewhichChinesecultureholds

the

most

attraction

forwesterners.4.Themajorityofpeoplewhoweresurveyedsupportedthisidea.→Themajorityofpeoplewhoweresurveyedwere

in

favour

ofthisidea.[高分语料]类型1

校园生活汉语意义普通表达升级表达能够做某事beabletodosth.becapableofdoingsth.,becompetenttodosth.努力做某事trytodosth.sparenoefforttodosth.,strive/endeavortodosth.某人必须要做的事情somethingsb.mustdoamustforsb.试图做某事trytodosth.attempt/seektodosth.,makeanattempttodosth.汉语意义普通表达升级表达参加joinin,takepartinparticipatein,getinvolvedin,attend,engagein想做某事wanttodosth.can’twaittodosth.,desire/longtodosth.,beeagertodosth.专注于focusonconcentrateon,beabsorbedin,beimmersedin帮助某人helpsb.dosb.afavor,lend/givesb.ahand,cometosb.’sassistance忙于bebusywithbeoccupiedwith,beengagedin即将来临becomingbearoundthecorner,beapproaching利用,使用usemake(full)useof,takeadvantageof,makethebestof,adopt类型2

动作行为

汉语意义普通表达升级表达记住rememberkeep/bearinmind面对,面临

facebefacedwith,meetwith,encounter意识到

know,realizebeawareof/that,beconsciousof,cometorealize重视

valueattachgreatimportanceto,takesth.seriously参观visitpayavisitto,goto...foravisit汉语意义普通表达升级表达某人想到某事sb.think(s)ofsth.sth.occur(s)to/strike(s)sb.,e(s)upwithsth.建议suggest/advisethat...putforwardthesuggestionthat...,recommendthat...弥补,补偿makeupforcompensatefor吸引某人attractsb.appealtosb.,havegreatappealforsb.,drawsb.汉语意义普通表达升级表达相信,认为believethat...,besurethat...holdthefirmbelief/viewthat...,beconvincedthat...影响affecthaveaneffect/influence/impacton造成,导致causecontributeto,leadto,resultin,bringabout提高improve,raise,increasepromote,strengthen照顾lookafter,takecareoftendto,attendto类型3

人际关系

汉语意义普通表达升级表达向某人道歉saysorrytosb.makeanapologytosb.,apologizetosb.因某事感激某人thanksb.forsth.,bethankfultosb.forsth.begratefultosb.forsth.,expressone’sgratitudetosb.forsth.遇见meetcomeacross,encounter,runinto向某人求助asksb.forhelpturntosb.forhelp类型4

修饰形容

汉语意义普通表达升级表达不同种类的differentkindsofawiderangeof,avarietyof,various,varietiesof大量的,很多的anumberof,alotofaconsiderablenumberof,anoverwhelmingmajorityof,largequantitiesof,scoresof,dozensof,countless,numerous对……有益beusefulto,begoodforbeofgreatbenefitto,dogoodto,bebeneficialto由……组成bemadeupofconsistof,becomposedof汉语意义普通表达升级表达疲惫不堪betiredbewornout,feelexhausted立即immediatelywithouthesitation/delay擅长begoodatbeskilledat,haveagiftfor,haveagoodcommandof,beexpertat/in准时ontimeonschedule,punctually类型5

陈述事实

汉语意义普通表达升级表达几天前afewdaysagotheotherday大家公认peoplethinkthat...it’sacknowledged/accepted/believedthat...实际上actuallyasamatteroffact谈及talkof/about,mentionreferto,speakof,whenitcomesto显然clearlyapparently,obviously应该shouldbesupposedto关于aboutwithregardto,intermsof,asfor,regarding,concerning汉语意义普通表达升级表达通常usuallymoreoftenthannot有时

sometimesoccasionally,onceinawhile不得不做

havetodohavenochoicebuttodo仅仅onlynomorethan,merely只要aslongasonconditionthat在我看来inmyopinionasfarasI’mconcerned,personallyspeaking引起人们关注attractpeople’sattentionarouse/drawpeople’sconcern汉语意义普通表达升级表达越来越多的moreandmoreanincreasingnumberof,agrowingnumberof我担心……I’mworriedthat...whatmakesmeworriedisthat...很重要beveryimportantbeofgreat/vitalimportance应采取有效措施解决这个问题

shouldtakeeffectivemeasurestosolvetheproblemeffectivemeasuresoughttobetakentodeal/copewiththeproblem汉语意义普通表达升级表达受欢迎bepopularwithenjoywidepopularityamong/with忽视ignorefailtooaccount,turnablindeyeto因为because(of)onaccountof,inthat,since,seeingthat,as,onthegroundsthat...与……有关的berelatedtobeassociated/connectedwith课堂应用用高级词汇替换下列句中的加黑词语1.Surroundedbygreentrees,thefarmis

atthefootofthehillnearourschool.→Surroundedbygreentrees,thefarm

thefootofthehillnearourschool.

2.Therefore,Isincerely

call

onallofthestudentstolearncalligraphyandexplorethelegacyoftraditionalChineseculture.→Therefore,I

allofthestudentstolearncalligraphyandexplorethelegacyoftraditionalChineseculture.

islocatedatmakeasincereappealto3.SinceIhaveplannedmycareer,Iwouldtry

my

besttostudyalltherelatedcourseswell.I’msureIwillsucceed!→SinceIhaveplannedmycareer,Iwould

tostudyalltherelatedcourseswell.I’msureIwill

!4.Whateverformyoutake,dorememberthatyourworkshouldfocusonthebeautyofnature.→Whateverformyoutake,do

thatyourworkshouldfocusonthebeautyofnature.

sparenoeffortmakeitkeepinmind5.All

kinds

ofactivitieshavebeenheld,the

purpose

of

whichwastoraiseourawarenessofcampussafety.→

activitieshavebeenheld,

wastoraiseourawarenessofcampussafety.

6.Ifyouworkhard,youwillrealizeyourcollegedream.Ibelieveabrightfutureiswaitingforyou.→

youworkhard,youwillrealizeyourcollegedream.I

abrightfutureiswaitingforyou.

Various/AvarietyofwhosepurposeAslongasholdthefirmbeliefthat策略3句式丰富,彰显能力若书面表达中的句子都采用简单句,肯定不能得高分,合理使用精彩句式会使文章读起来抑扬顿挫。因此应多使用一些高级句式和复合句,让句子“高人一筹”,亮点纷呈,彰显考生的写作能力。技法1活用非谓语结构,精简表达1.运用非谓语动词(短语)整合简单句,提升表达It’swidelyacknowledgedthatChinaboastsabundantanduniquecultures.Theyrangefromcalligraphytofolkdancesandlocaloperas.→It’swidelyacknowledgedthatChinaboastsabundantanduniquecultures,ranging

from

calligraphy

to

folk

dances

and

local

operas.2.运用非谓语动词(短语)简化复合句,精炼语言在表达复杂含义的时候,常常用到复合句,句子有时会较长,考生可以利用非谓语动词(短语)对复合句进行简化,使语言更精练。WhenIsawacarrunningtowardsher,Ireachedmyhandoutandpulledherback.→Seeing

a

car

running

towards

her,Ireachedmyhandoutandpulledherback.技法2巧用三大从句,写出文采1.运用定语从句,让表述更丰满Chengdusuccessfullyheldthe31stFISUSummerWorldUniversityGames,which

is

certain

to

strengthen

the

culture

bridge

between

East

and

West

again.(定语从句)成都成功举办了第31届世界大学生夏季运动会,这肯定会再次加固东西方文化交流的桥梁。(2022全国乙卷)As

is

shown

by

the

figures

of

the

chart,thankstomoderntechnology,awiderangeofwaysareavailableforstudentstopolishtheirEnglish.(定语从句)正如图表中的数据所示,得益于现代技术,学生有很多方法来提高他们的英语水平。2.运用名词性从句,让表述更加具体(2022浙江1月卷)What

impressed

me

mostwastheCultureNight,wherepeoplefrombothcountriespresentedtheirwell-preparedartperformances.(主语从句)让我印象最深刻的是“文化之夜”,两国人民展示了他们精心准备的艺术表演。Idohopethat

you

will

have

a

bright

future

and

that

our

friendship

will

last

forever!(宾语从句)我十分希望你有一个光明的未来,我们的友谊地久天长!Deeplytouchedbywhat

we

did,peoplethereexpressedsinceregratitudeforourcommitment.(宾语从句)当地人民深受感动,对我们的努力表示由衷的感谢。3.运用状语从句,让逻辑更清晰(2022全国乙卷)As

long

as

we

devote

ourselves

to

English

learning,wewouldmakegreatimprovement.(条件状语从句)只要我们致力于英语学习,我们就会取得很大的进步。技法3活用特殊句式,升级表达1.运用强调句,突出重点

(2022全国乙卷)Frommyperspective,whatevermethodwechoose,it

is

our

inner

interest

and

enthusiasm

thatallowustomakebrilliantprogressinEnglish.从我的角度来看,无论我们选择什么方法,是我们内在的兴趣和热情让我们在英语上取得辉煌的进步。

(2022全国乙卷)AsfarasI’mconcerned,it

is

not

how

we

learn

English

but

our

determination

to

learn

English

that

actually

matters.在我看来,真正重要的不是我们如何学习英语,而是我们学习英语的决心。(2022全国甲卷)Ido

believethatonlywithjointeffortscanwehaveabettertomorrow.我相信,只有大家共同努力,我们才能拥有更美好的明天。2.运用倒装句,以示强调(2022全国甲卷)Itismyfirmbeliefthatonly

with

joint

efforts

can

we

have

a

better

tomorrow.我坚信,只有大家共同努力,我们才能拥有更美好的明天。(2021全国乙卷)Convenient

as

online

learning

is,staringatthescreenforalongtimeisharmfultooureyes.虽然网络学习很方便,但长时间看屏幕对我们的眼睛有害。(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷)So

patiently

did

their

father

instruct

themthatthetwinsmadethebreakfastfastandwell.父亲耐心地指导他们,因此双胞胎把早餐做得又快又好。3.运用虚拟语气,表达看法Had

it

not

been

foryourselflessassistance,Icouldn’t

have

madesuchgreatprogressinEnglish.如果没有你无私的帮助,我不可能在英语上取得如此大的进步。4.运用省略句式,避免累赘When

preparingforthecompetition,youneedtohavemuchknowledgeaboutChinesestories.在准备比赛时,你需要了解很多有关中国故事的知识。5.适时感叹,传递情感(2021新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Howdeliciousthebreakfastwas!多么美味的早餐啊!(2020全国Ⅱ卷)Whatawonderfultimewehadpickingapplesonthefarm!我们在农场摘苹果的时光多么美好啊!课堂应用单句写作1.IfeltsoluckytohavebeenselectedasavolunteerfortheBeijingWinterOlympicGames,

.

我很幸运能被选为北京冬奥会的志愿者,为来自世界各地的运动员服务。2.(2022新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Theradioprogramwasfoundedin2016,_________________________________________________________________________________________________tosharetheirschoollife.

这个电台节目成立于2016年,旨在为同学们提供一个分享校园生活的良好平台。servingtheathletesfromallovertheglobethepurposeofwhichistoprovideagoodplatformforthestudents/aimingtoprovideagoodplatformforthestudents3.Itwasmytwelfthbirthday,and

.那天是我十二岁的生日,我最想要的是一辆新自行车。4.

,butitalsomademeproudofmyselfforplayingapartintheGames.

志愿者工作不仅开阔了我的视野,也让我为自己能在奥运会上发挥作用而感到自豪。5.

sohard-workingareyouthat

.

我相信,你那么努力工作,你会很容易成功的。6.

wewentbacktoschoolundertheguidanceofourteachers.

直到中午我们才在老师的指引下回到学校。whatIreallywantedmostwasanewbicycleNotonlydidthevolunteerworkbroadenmyhorizonsIdobelievethatitwillbeeasyforyoutomakeitItwasnotuntilnoonthat策略4过渡巧妙,完美文章过渡词语和短语就像纽带一样把文章紧紧连接起来,又像润滑剂一样使文章衔接流畅。衔接过渡词可以分为“启、承、转、合”四类。1.用于“启”的过渡词语有asyouknow,asisshowninthe...,firstofall,foronething,aboveall,ontheonehand,inasense,tostartwith等。(2021浙江卷)As

far

as

I

know,thisexhibitionwilllastforhalfamonthintheschoolartgallery.据我所知,这个展览将在学校美术馆持续半个月。(2022全国甲卷)First

of

all,whatwecandoisplaceimportanceonourdailyactions.首先,我们能做的就是重视我们的日常行为。2.用于“承”的过渡词语有secondly,also,inaddition,foranotherthing,forthispurpose,furthermore,whatismore,forexample,inotherwords,infact,atthesametime,asaresult,therefore等。(2021全国甲卷)What’s

more,ifIwanttodecoratemywebsitewithsomeChineseelements,whatshouldIdo?更重要的是,如果我想用一些中国元素来装饰我的网站,我应该怎么做?(2020江苏卷)For

another,Chinaenjoysalonghistoryandrichculture.另一方面,中国有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化。(2019天津卷)Meanwhile,I’malsointerestedtolearnsomefolkdancesfromyouinyourlecture,whichwillhelpmeimprovemydancing.同时,我也有兴趣在您的课上学习一些民间舞,这将有助于我提高我的舞蹈水平。3.用于“转”的过渡词语有afterall,but,however,onthecontrary,incontrast,otherwise,while,though,despite,inspiteof,allthesame,asamatte