人教版高中英语选择性必修第二册UNIT1 Part 3 Using Language,Assessing Your Progress Video Time练习含答案

Part3UsingLanguage,AssessingYourProgress&VideoTime基础过关练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.(2020天津)“Smalldoesnotmeanweak,sir,”she(辩解)herself.

2.(2019天津)Ithoughtanything(抽象的)lefttoomuchroomforargument.

3.Theplayer'soperformanceleftadeepimpressiononeveryonepresent.

4.Heisoutgoing.B,heiskind.Healwaysstepsupwheneversomeoneneedshelp.

5.Toadapttotherapideconomicdevelopment,Chinahasputforwardsomenew(观念)ofdevelopment.

Ⅱ.单句语法填空1.(2024山西跨市联考)Thesunwasshining(brilliant),withcloudsdancinginthebluesky.

2.(2023北京)Infact,universitiesoftenshiftemphasisfromteachingotherrankingfactors.

3.Allourpolicemenaretrainedtodefendthemselvesknifeattacks.

4.Theprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakersisshop(assist)andcustomer.

5.Ithasbeenarguedthat(gift)childrenshouldbegroupedinspecialclasses.

6.Inthebeginning,heaskedifIcouldassisthimlearninghowtousechopsticks.

7.I(vivid)rememberwalkingintoaroomandhearingachild'sbeautifulsingingwhenIwasfour.

8.And,assoofteninChinawhensomeonecomesupwithagoodidea,manyothersfloodinandpricewarsbreak.

Ⅲ.一词多义A.把手B.影响C.订阅D.传染E.操纵,使用F.同意1.Gardentoolscanbedangerousifcarelesslyhandled.

2.Youhavetoturnthehandleandthenpullittowardsyou.

3.Isubscribetotheviewthatchildrenbenefitfrombeingindependent.

4.EveryyearIsubscribetosomeEnglishmagazinesformydaughtertoread.

5.Foramoment,Iwasinfectedbyherfearoftheexam.

6.Officialssaythatfewcitizensareinfectedwiththevirusowingtoeffectivepreventionnow.

Ⅳ.完成句子1.一位新经理将负责这个部门。(charge;一句多译)①Anewmanagerwillbethisdepartment.

②Anewmanagerwillthisdepartment.

③Thisdepartmentwillbeanewmanager.

2.她是一位如此善良的老师,我们都尊敬她并认真听她讲课。(一句多译)①Sheisrespectherandlistentohercarefully.(so...that...)

②Sheisrespectherandlistentohercarefully.(such...that...)能力提升练

Ⅰ.课文语法填空Asweknow,scientistshavemanyexcellentqualities.WecantakeQianXuesenandStephenHawking1example.

QianXuesen,2servedhishomelandwitheffort,achievement,anddevotion,wasawell-respectedman.In1935,hewenttotheUSforfurtherstudyandthenworkedthere.After3(overcome)somedifficulties,hereturnedtoChinain1955,andwasresponsibleformanymajorscientificresearchprojects.4(face)withchallenges,Qiandidn'tfeeldiscouraged.Under5(he)leadership,Chinadevelopeditsownmissiles,rockets,andman-madesatellites6(success).Qianwasknowledgeable.However,whatmadehimanoutstanding7creativescientistwasprobablyhisinterestinotherthingslikemusicanddrawing,whichgavehim8(inspire)inscientificresearch.

StephenHawkingwasoneofthemostfamousand9(gift)scientistsinphysics.Hecamedownwithadiseaseand10(lose)theuseofmostofhismuscles.Hewasbrilliant,brave,anddetermined,andhewaswillingtoadmithisfaults.

2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

Ⅱ.语法填空(2024湖北宜都一中期中)InXiCounty,locatedinLinfen,ShanxiProvince,asmartpearorchard(果园)1(stretch)for33.3hectares(公顷)hasbeendevelopedwiththe2(assist)oftheShanxiAcademyofAgriculturalSciences.

Inthisorchard,everypearisgiven3uniqueQRcodethatenablesmonitoringoftheentiregrowthprocess.“TheQRcodeserves4anIDcard,recordingthelifeofapear,”saidWangYibo,anagricultureofficialfromthecounty.

5(establish)in2020,thesmartorchardisoperatedwiththehelpofcutting-edgetechnologiessuchastheInternet,bigdata,cloudcomputingandtheInternetofThings.Thereare64villagesinthecounty6relyonpearsastheirprimaryindustry,accountingfor80percentofthefarmers'income.

Sofar,thecounty7(build)asmartagricultureintegrationplatformmadeupof12systems,includingwater-fertilizer8(integrate)management,diseaseandinsectmonitoring,andmonitoringandevaluationofthequalityoftheland.

AccordingtoWang,theplatformnotonlyhelpswithsteadyproductionbutalso9(promote)sales,asitstrackingsystemcancollectfirst-handmarketingfeedbackdata.Aboveall,pearfarmerscanlearnaboutthemarketdemandthroughthesystemto10(accurate)identifytheircustomersandcarryouttargetedpromotions.

2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.10.

Ⅲ.阅读理解(2023浙江杭州期中)Itseemsthatpeoplecannotreallyagreeonthequestionof“What'ssofunny?”Soimaginetryingtoteacharobothowtolaugh.Butthat'sexactlywhatateamofresearchersatKyotoUniversityinJapanaretryingtodesign—anAIrobotthattakesitscuesthroughasharedlaughtersystem.ThescientistsdescribetheirinnovativeapproachtobuildingafunnybonefortheJapaneseandroid“Erica”inthelatestissueofthejournalFrontiersinRoboticsandAI.

“WethinkthatoneoftheimportantfunctionsofconversationalAIisempathy(共鸣),”explainedleadauthorDrKojiInoue,anassistantprofessoratKyotoUniversityintheDepartmentofIntelligenceScienceandTechnologywithintheGraduateSchoolofInformatics.“Onewayarobotcanempathizewithusersistosharetheirlaughter.”Intheshared-laughtermodel,ahumaninitiallylaughsandtheAIsystemrespondswithlaughterasanempatheticresponse.Thisapproachrequiredthescientiststodesignthreesubsystems—onetodetectlaughter,asecondtodecidewhethertolaugh,andathirdtochoosetheappropriatetypeoflaughter.Thetypeoflaughterisalsoimportant,becauseinsomecasesapolitechucklemaybemoreappropriatethanaloudsnortoflaughter.TheteamtestedErica'snewsenseofhumorbycreatingfourdifferentshortdialoguesbetweenapersonandEricawithhernewshared-laughtersystem.Thentheyaskedmorethan130peopleintotaltolistentoeachdialogueinthethreedifferentconditions—theshared-laughtersystem,nolaughter,alllaughter—andevaluatedtheinteractionbasedonhuman-likeness,naturalnessandunderstanding.Theshared-laughtersystemperformedbetterthaneitherbaseline.“Robotsshouldactuallyhaveadistinctcharacter,andwethinkthattheycanshowthisthroughtheirconversationalbehavior,suchaslaughing,eyegazing,gesturingandthespeakingstyle,”Inoueadded.“Wedonotthinkthatthisisaneasyproblematall,anditmaywelltakemorethan10yearsbeforewecanonceandforallhaveacasualchatwitharobotlikewewouldwithafriend.”1.What'sthepurposeofraisingthequestion“What'ssofunny?”atthebeginning?A.Toshowopinionsonfunnythings.B.Tostressthedifficultyofteachingarobottolaugh.C.Toencouragereaderstosharetheirideas.D.Toemphasizetheimportanceofbeingfunny.2.Whichofthefollowingexplainstheunderlinedphrase“afunnybone”inParagraph1?A.Asenseofhumor.B.Ashared-laughtersystem.C.Aspeakingstyle.D.Adistinctcharacter.3.WhatisNOTneededintheresearchontheshared-laughtersystem?A.Designingthesubsystemtodecidewhethertolaugh.B.Assessingtheinteractionbasedonemotions.C.CreatingbriefconversationsbetweenahumanandErica.D.Askingpeopletolistentothepreviouslycreateddialogues.4.WhatisInoue'sattitudetowardsconversationalAI?A.Indifferent.B.Suspicious.C.Optimistic.D.Objective.Ⅳ.七选五(2023北京海淀区月考)Inscience,advancesareadailyoccurrence,buttruebreakthroughsarerare.Whatdoesittaketoachieveworld-changingscientificbreakthroughs?Somearetheresultofaluckyaccident,combinedwithcuriosity.Scientiststravelingdownoneroadsuddenlyfindreasontoswitchtoanotherroad,onetheyhaveneverplannedtotravel—aroadthatmaywellleadnowhere.1Oneday,usuallyinitiallyintheircareer,theygetanideatheycan'tstopthinkingabout.It'scrazy,theysaytothemselves,butisitreallyimpossible?Theytalktorespectedcolleagueswhooftenremindthemofallthereasonsthattheirideasmightnotwork,andhowdamagingthiscouldbetotheircareer.Yet,theideawon'tdieandtheyaredeterminedtotravelthatroad—aroadthatmaywellleadnowhere.2

Whicheverroadscientistswhoachievelifesavingbreakthroughstravel,theyoftenenduredisinterest,likeFleming,whodiscoveredpenicillin(青霉素)duetoluckyaccidentsandcuriosity,orrepeatedskepticismandrejection,likeKarikó,whomadeallmRNAvaccinespossiblewith20yearsofpersistenceandresilience.Bybringingtheirdreamstolife,theywererewardedwithfame,wealthandsomethingevenmorevaluable.3

Ofcourse,theobsession(痴迷)withanunlikelydreamfailstopayoffformanyscientists.4Naturedoesn'tturnouttooperatethewaytheyhavepredictedit.Intheend,theirbeautifultheoryiskilledbybrutalfacts.Forthosedreamersontherighttrack,theywouldhaveachievedtheirdreams—ifonlytheyhaddonetheexperimentalittledifferently,ifonlytheyhadpersistedalittlelonger,orifonlythesupportfortheirworkhadnotrunout.

Ultimately,scientificbreakthroughsarepossibleonlyifasocietyiswillingtoinvestindreamers,recognizingthatnotallinvestmentswillleadtomajorbreakthroughs.5Aboveall,theinvestmentspreventsufferinganddeathandchangetheworld.

A.Somescientistsareaddictedtotheircrazyideas.B.Theirideas,thoughbrilliant,intheendareprovedwrong.C.Buttheyrefusetogiveinandstruggletofindmorefinancialsupport.D.Becauseofthem,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldavoidedgettingsickordeath.E.Othermajorbreakthroughsoriginatefromscientistspursuingaspecificidea.F.ButsometimestheroadleadstomajorbreakthroughslikeX-raysandvaccines.G.However,theinvestmentsleadingtobreakthroughsbringagreatereconomicreturn.1.2.3.4.5.

Ⅴ.读后续写(2024山东莱西一中期中)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Jackwasabrightandcuriouschild,alwayseagertolearnnewthingsandexplorethemysteriousworldaboutscience.However,heoftenfoundhimselfindisagreementwithhismother.Hismotherwasalwaysbusywithherworkandshedidn'thaveenoughtimetolearnabouthisinterestsandpassions.Oneday,Jackcamehomefromschoolfeelingparticularlyexcited.Hejustfoundasci-fibookaboutanadventureonthemoon.Uponarrivingathome,hecouldn'ttearhimselfawayfromthebook.Hereadandreaduntilitwasdark.Havingfinishedreadingit,hecouldn'twaittoshareitwithhismother,onlytobetoldthatheshouldfocusonmorepracticalsubjectslikemathandhistory,whichwouldhelphimgetintoagoodcollegeandhaveasuccessfulcareer.Jackcouldn'tunderstandwhyhismotherdidn'tseethevalueinwhathewasdoing.Hefeltthatshewasholdinghimbackandnotallowinghimtopursuehistrueinterests.“Whycan'tyouseehowimportantthisistome?”Jackaskedhismotherangrily.“I'mnevergoingtobehappyifIhavetospendmylifedoingthingsthatIshownointerestinjustbecausetheyarepracticalormakeyouproud.”Theoncepeacefulhomewasfilledwithtensionandanger.Hismother'svoicegrewlouderassheshouted,“Youcan'tjustdowhateveryouwant!Youshouldberesponsibleforyourfuture!”Jack,fueledbyhisownfrustration,shotback,“Iamtiredofyoualwaystellingmewhattodo!Iamnotachildanymore!Youonlycareaboutyourownfeelings!Youneverthoughtaboutmyfeelings!”Theyweresocaughtupintheirownangerandhurtthattheyfailedtoseehowtheirwordsandactionswereaffectingeachother.注意:续写词数应为150个左右。Jackrushedintohisbedroomandlockedthedoorheavily.

WhenJackheardhismother'swords,regretfultearsrolleddownhisface.

答案与分层梯度式解析UNIT1SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTSPart3UsingLanguage,AssessingYourProgress&Video基础过关练Ⅰ.1.defended2.abstract3.outstanding4.Besides5.conceptsⅡ.1.brilliantly考查副词。设空处修饰谓语wasshining,应用副词作状语,故填brilliantly。2.to考查介词。shift...from...to...表示“将……从……转移到……”。故填to。3.from/against考查介词。defend...from/against...为固定搭配,表示“保护……免受……的伤害”。故填from或against。4.assistant考查名词。设空处与customer是and连接的并列成分,所以设空处也应用名词。shopassistant意为“店员,售货员”。故填assistant。5.gifted考查形容词。设空处修饰名词children,应用形容词作定语,故填gifted。6.in考查介词。assistsb.indoingsth.表示“帮助某人做某事”。故填in。7.vividly考查副词。设空处修饰动词remember,应用副词作状语,故填vividly。8.out考查副词。breakout意为“(战争、打斗等不愉快的事情)爆发”,为固定短语。故填out。Ⅲ.1.E句意:园艺工具如果不小心使用会很危险。2.A句意:你必须转动把手,然后把它拉向你。3.F句意:我赞同这样一种观点,即孩子们从独立中受益。4.C句意:我每年都订阅一些英文杂志给我女儿看。5.B句意:有那么一会儿,我被她对考试的恐惧影响了。6.D句意:官员们表示,由于有效的预防,现在很少有市民感染这种病毒。Ⅳ.1.①inchargeof②takechargeof③inthechargeof2.①sokindateacherthatweall②suchakindteacherthatweall能力提升练Ⅰ.1.for考查介词。take...forexample表示“以……为例”。故填for。2.who考查定语从句。设空处无提示词,且前面有逗号,前面是QianXuesen,“2servedhishomelandwitheffort,achievement,anddevotion”中缺少主语,此处指钱学森以自己的努力、成就和献身精神为祖国服务,故推测设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词QianXuesen。故填who。

3.overcoming考查动词-ing形式。设空处前的After为介词,其后应接动词-ing形式,故填overcoming。4.Faced考查动词-ed形式。befacedwith...意为“面临/面对……”,设空处作状语,应用动词-ed形式。故填Faced。5.his考查形容词性物主代词。设空处作定语修饰名词leadership,应用形容词性物主代词。故填his。6.successfully考查副词。设空处作状语,修饰谓语动词developed,应用副词。故填successfully。7.and考查并列连词。设空处连接两个并列的形容词outstanding和creative,结合语境可知此处应用and。8.inspiration考查名词。设空处作gave的直接宾语,应用名词。故填inspiration。9.gifted考查形容词。设空处作定语,修饰其后的名词scientists,应用形容词。故填gifted。10.lost考查动词的时态。该句中and连接两个并列的谓语动词,由and前面的came可知此处也应用一般过去时。故填lost。Ⅱ.◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了位于山西省临汾市隰县的一个智能梨园。1.stretching考查动词-ing形式。句中已有谓语动词且无连词,提示词stretch与空前的名词短语pearorchard之间为主动关系,因此应用动词-ing形式作定语。故填stretching。2.assistance考查名词。withtheassistanceof...意为“在……的帮助下”,为固定搭配。故填assistance。3.a考查冠词。设空处修饰后面的名词短语QRcode,表示泛指,code在这里为可数名词且空后的unique的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。4.as考查介词。serveas意为“充当……”,为固定搭配。故填as。5.Established考查动词-ed形式。句中已有谓语动词且无连词,提示词与其逻辑主语thesmartorchard之间为被动关系,因此应用动词-ed形式作状语。故填Established。6.that/which考查关系词。设空处引导定语从句且在从句中充当主语,先行词villages指物,应用that或which引导定语从句。7.hasbuilt考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知,设空处为句子的谓语;根据语境和句中的时间状语Sofar可知,应用现在完成时;且主语thecounty为单数意义,谓语应用单数。故填hasegrated考查形容词。设空处作定语,修饰名词management,应用形容词。故填motes考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子成分可知,设空处和前面的helps是由notonly...butalso...连接的并列谓语动词,因此设空处也应用一般现在时,且用第三人称单数形式。故填promotes。10.accurately考查副词。设空处作状语,修饰动词identify,应用副词。故填accurately。【高频词汇】1.uniqueadj.唯一的2.monitorv.监测3.relyon依赖;依靠4.primaryadj.主要的;基本的5.evaluationn.评价6.carryout进行;实行【差距词汇】cutting-edgeadj.尖端的Ⅲ.◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了日本京都大学的研究人员设计了一个带有共享笑声系统的人工智能机器人,它可以对人类的笑声作出适当的反应,在对话中建立共鸣。1.B推理判断题。第一段前两句谈到好像人们不能在“什么事这么好笑?”这个问题上取得一致意见。所以想象一下试图教机器人笑。后文介绍了教机器人笑的原因以及研究人员为此所做的很多工作。最后一段最后一句“Wedonotthinkthatthisisaneasyproblematall...”说明了教机器人笑的难度。由此可知,在一开始就提出“什么事这么好笑?”这个问题的目的是强调教机器人笑的难度大。故选B。2.A词义猜测题。画线短语所在句意为“科学家在FrontiersinRoboticsandAI期刊最新的一期上描述了他们为日本机器人‘Erica’创建afunnybone的创新方法”。结合第四段第一句“TheteamtestedErica'snewsenseofhumorbycreating...”可知,画线短语afunnybone有“幽默感”之意。故选A。B项意为“一个共享笑声系统”;C项意为“一种说话风格”;D项意为“一种鲜明的性格”。3.B细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Thisapproachrequiredthescientiststodesignthreesubsystems—onetodetectlaughter,asecondtodecidewhethertolaugh...”可排除A项;根据第四段内容可知,研究小组用Erica新的共享笑声系统,在一个人和Erica之间创建了四段不同的简短对话,以此来测试Erica的新幽默感。然后,他们让130多人在三种不同的条件下(共享笑声系统、无笑声、全笑声)听每段对话,并根据与人的相似度、自然度和理解力来评估这些交流。由此可排除C、D两项。故选B。4.D推理判断题。根据最后一段Inoue的话“Robotsshouldactuallyhaveadistinctcharacter...anditmaywelltakemorethan10yearsbeforewecanonceandforallhaveacasualchatwitharobotlikewewouldwithafriend.”可知,Inoue实事求是地分析了机器人的研究和发展趋势,由此推断,Inoue对对话式人工智能的态度是客观的。故选D。【高频词汇】1.designv.设计n.设计方案2.approachn.方法v.接近3.functionn.功能v.起作用4.respondv.回应responsen.反应5.evaluatev.评价6.performv.运转;表现【熟词生义】issuen.一期;期号【差距词汇】1.chucklen.轻声笑2.snortn.(表示气愤或被逗乐的)喷鼻息,哼3.maywell很可能长难句原句Wedonotthinkthatthisisaneasyproblematall,anditmaywelltakemorethan10yearsbeforewecanonceandforallhaveacasualchatwitharobotlikewewouldwithafriend.分析本句为并列复合句,句中的第一个and连接前后两个并列分句。第一个分句中,think后是由that引导的宾语从句。第二个分句中,连词before引导时间状语从句;like用作连词,引导方式状语从句,从句中would后省略了haveacasualchat。译文我们认为这完全不是一个简单的问题,很可能需要十年以上的时间我们才能最终像与朋友随意聊天一样与机器人随意聊天。Ⅳ.◎语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。在科学领域,很多突破源于幸运的意外,有时源于科学家的不断追求和不放弃,作者认识到,只有当社会愿意投资于这些梦想家并且认识到并非所有的投资都会带来重大突破时,才有可能获得改变世界的科学突破。1.E主旨句。第一段第二、三句谈到“怎样才能获得改变世界的科学突破呢?有些是幸运的意外加上好奇心的结果”。E项“其他重大突破源于科学家对特定想法的追求”与上一段形成照应,构成“some...other...”结构,且空格处后面的内容展开阐释了空格处的内容,所以E项符合语境。故选E。2.F细节句。空格处前一句意为“但是,这个想法不会消亡,他们决心走那条路——一条很可能一无所获的路”。由本段主题句(第1空)可知,本段主要讲科学家对特定想法的追求可能会取得改变世界的科学突破,所以在讲完科学家对特定想法的追求可能产生的不良结果后,还需说明可能产生的有价值的结果(这是重点),F项“但有时这条路会带来重大突破,如X光和疫苗”与上句构成转折关系,与前面的“一无所获”的结果相反,符合语境。故选F。3.D细节句。上文介绍了弗莱明发现青霉素,考里科使所有mRNA疫苗成为可能,通过实现自己的梦想,这些科学家获得了名利和更宝贵的东西。D项“正因为他们,全世界数百万人避免了生病或死亡”符合本段语境。故选D。4.B细节句。空前句谈到对许多科学家来说,痴迷于一个不太可能的梦并没有得到回报,结合空后两句“事实证明,大自然并不像他们预测的那样运作。最终,他们美丽的理论被残酷的事实扼杀”可推知,B项“他们的想法虽然很棒,但最终被证明是错误的”与上下文关系密切,符合语境。故选B。5.G细节句。设空处与前后文构成的语意结构为:归根结底,只有一个社会愿意投资于梦想家,认识到并非所有的投资都会带来重大突破,科学突破才有可能实现→5→最重要的是,投资可以防止痛苦和死亡,并改变世界。G项“然而,导致突破的投资会带来更大的经济回报”与上文的“并非所有的投资都会带来重大突破”形成转折,同时,与下文形成递进关系,符合语境。故选G。

【高频词汇】1.advancen.进步v.前进2.breakthroughn.重大进展;突破3.rareadj.稀少的;珍贵的4.combinev.(使)结合,混合5.switchv.(使)改变;转换n.开关;转换器;改变6.remindv.提醒;使想起7.determinedadj.有决心的;意志坚定的8.predictv.预测;预料【差距词汇】1.endurev.忍耐2.resiliencen.适应力3.brutaladj.冷酷的,残暴的4.beontherighttrack思路正确长难句原句Whicheverroadscientistswhoachievelifesavingbreakthr