Unit8知识点讲解江苏牛津译林九年级上学期英语

20232024江苏译林九上第八单元知识点讲解Teachingobjectives1.知识目标：学生能够掌握第八单元的短语和词汇2.技能目标：学生能够掌握定语从句的用法及细节3.情感目标：学生能够有意识地将知识点与考点结合Keypoints,Difficultpoints第八单元习题训练Teachingprocedure：Ⅰ.Leadin阅读下面文章,回答下面问题(来自经典原版教材readingexplorer1第五单元PartB）AtasteoftwocitiesThecityofSaoPaulo,Brazil,hashundredsofJapaneserestuarants.Aworldaway,inHamamatsu,Japan,therearemanyplacestobuyandeatBrazilianfood.Whyiseachcountry’sfoodsopopularintheother?Theanswertothisquestiondatesbacktotheearly20thcentury.In1908,peoplefromJapanbeganmovingtoBraziltoworkoncoffeeplantations.ManyoftheseJapaneseimmigrants(callednikkei)movedtoSaoPauloandsettledinaneighbourhoodcalledLiberdade.Likemanyimmigrants,theyspoketheirnativelanguageandpreparedtraditionalfoodsfromtheirhomecountry.Overtime,thenikkeiopenedmanyJapanesemarketsandrestaurantsintheLiberdadedistract.Today,thisneighbourhoodhasoneofthelargestJapanesemunitiesoutsideofJapan.Restaurantssellramennoodlesandsushioneverycorner.Also,eachweekend,thereisalargestreetmarket.Streetsellersselltraditionalgoodsandfoods.Theeventispopularwithbothcityresidentsandtourists.CriticalThinkingRelatingHasyourcountry’scuisinebeeninfluencedbyforeigncuisines?How?Discusswithapartnerandnoteyourideas.Includeexamplesofdishes.Ⅱ.Languagepoints:知识点01：Myfoodhasgonemissing.我的食物不见了（p106）「考点1」missing的用法【用法分析】missing是形容词,意思为“缺失的,丢失的”Theyarelookingforthemissingbike.他们正在寻找那辆丢失的自行车。知识点0,错过,没赶上;思念,想念,思恋,留恋Imissyouverymuch.我非常想念你。Hewaslateforschoolthismorningbecausehemissedtheearlybus.他今早上上学迟到是因为他没赶上早班车。【固定搭配】【考试题型】翻译我的钢笔丢了知识点03:IguessJimmywhiteislying.我猜吉米.怀特在说谎。（P107）「考点2」lie的用法【用法分析】lie是不及物动词,意为“说谎”Don’tlietome!不要对我说谎！【考点拓展】,是可数名词,平躺,在......位置Thelittleboyoftentellslies.那个小男孩经常说谎。Thecatlayonthesofa.那只猫卧在沙发上。JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本位于中国东侧。单词词义过去时过去分词现在分词lie说谎liedliedlying平躺位于laylainlyinglay产卵放置laidlaidlaying【考试题型】单选WherewereyouwhenIcalled?Ionthebed.liedB.lyingC.layD.waslying知识点04:...thevictimwaskilledsomewhereelseandthenbroughttoWestTown.........受害者是在别的地方被杀,然后被带到西镇,......(P108)「考点3」Somewhere的用法【用法分析】somewhere是副词,意为“在某处,到某处”。I’备注：注意排序技巧。不定代词放在形容词的前面【考试题型】单选Didyougolastsummerholiday?Yes,IwenttoShanghaiDisney.somewherespecialB.anywherespecialC.specialsomewhereD.specialanywhere知识点05:“We’reaskinganyonewhosawanythingunusualnearCornStreetlastnighttocontactus,”SaidDetectiveLu,WestTown’schiefdetective.“我们正在请求昨天晚上在谷街看见任何不寻常的事情的人来联系我们,”陆侦探说,他是西镇的首席侦探。（P108）「考点4」Contact的用法（可以作为补充）【用法分析】contact是及物动词,意为“联系”Pleasecontacthimbymytelephone.请用我的和他联系。,联络,常构成的结构有:makecontactwith与......联系,keepincontactwith,与......保持联系,losecontactwith与......失去联系。【考试题型】翻译我最终和他取得了联系（扩展题）知识点06:,结果失血过多而死。（p108）「考点5」asaresult的用法【用法分析】asaresult意为“因此,结果”,常用于原因之后引出结果。Heeatstoomuch.Asaresult,heisfartoofatnow.他吃的太多。结果,他现在非常胖。Theboygotwetinrain.Asaresult,hehadacold.这个男孩在雨中淋湿了。结果,他感冒了。另外在这个句型里面bewoundedwith被.....弄伤特别重要,一定要熟记而且要做到灵活运用。【考试题型】翻译这就是那个被刀刺杀的受害人。知识点07:Wesupposethatthevictimknewhismurderer.我们推断受害人认识凶手。（P109）「考点6」suppose的用法【用法分析】suppose是及物动词,意为“猜想,假定,料想”|Thebookwillbefinishedtomorrow,Isuppose.我想这本书明天可以完成。IsupposeIwillgetagift.我猜想我会得到一个礼物。【固定搭配】besupposedto应该。Youaresupposedtoknowthelaw.你应该懂得这项法令。【注意】当句中为第一人称时,suppose,think,believe等词后的宾语从句谓语的否定前移到主句谓语部分Idon’tsupposethathe’llagree.我料想他不会同意。【考试题型】单选Wearestobehaveproperlyinpublicplaces.知识点08：Thevictim’sparentshaveofferedarewardof¥50000foranyinformationthatleadstothearrestofthemurderer.受害者的父母愿意出五万人民币对提供线索抓获凶手的人给与奖励。（P109）「考点7」arrest的用法【用法分析】arrest是不可数名词,意为“逮捕,拘留”Thatyoungmanisstillputunderarrest.那个年轻人仍在拘留中。【考点拓展】arrest是及物动词时,意为“逮捕,拘留”Thepolicearrestedthethief.警方逮捕了小偷。【考点辨析】arrest,catcharrest做“逮捕”讲时,含有其宾语触犯刑律的意思。Thepolicearrestedhimasasuspect.警方把他作为嫌疑犯予以逮捕。catch做“捉住,抓住,逮住”讲时,常含有主动追捕,以计取胜的意思。Theycaughtthatthieflastnight.昨晚他们抓住了那个小偷。【考试题型】翻译警察因Tom闯入富人的家而逮捕了Tom.知识点09.Therewasprobablymorethanonepersonwhohadsomethingtodowiththemurderer.可能不止一个人与这起谋杀案有关。（P112）「考点8」probably的用法【用法分析】probably是副词,意为“大概,很可能,或许”Hewillprobablyethisafternoon.他很可能今天下午来。注意:表示可能性从大到小的顺序为：probably,perhaps,maybe.【考试题型】单选;翻译（1）AreyougoingtoTom’spartythisweekend.?not.ImayhavetobablyB.certainlyB.EspeciallyD.probably他可能是科学家。（Maybe）知识点10.Well,itturnedoutthathehadnothingtodowiththiscase.哦,结果证明他和此案件无关。（P114）「考点9」turnout的用法【用法分析】turnout的用法Thefilmturnedouttobeagreatsuccess.这部电影结果大获成功。【固定搭配】含turn的搭配turnout结果是（重点）turnon打开turnoff关闭takeone’sturn轮流【考试题型】单项填空Iftheweathertoberainy,wemayhavetocancelthesportsmeeting.runsoutB.breaksoutC.findsoutD.turnsout知识点11.Hewasinahurrytocatchthebus!他正在匆忙地赶公共汽车「考点10」hurry的用法【用法分析】hurry是可数名词,意为“急忙,匆忙”,inahurry匆忙,急急忙忙。I’llneedtotalkwithyou,butthere’,但不着急。Shedressedherselfforthepartyinahurry.她为赶去参加聚会而匆忙穿衣服。Hehadhisbreakfasthurriedlyandthenwentout.他匆忙地吃了早饭就出去了。【固定搭配】【考试题型】单项填空Whengoingupstairsordownstairs,weneedtowalkontheright,leavingtheleftspaceforthepeoplewho.hurryupB.lookaroundC.runaway知识点12.Andwe’dbettershutallthewindowstoo.而且我们最好也关上所有的窗户。（P116）「考点11」shut的用法【用法分析】shut是及物动词,意为“关上,关门”Shutthedoorafteryou.随手关门。【考点拓展】Withthedoorshut,theroomwashotandwet.门是关闭的,所以房间里又热又湿。【固定搭配】含shut的搭配：Shutup闭嘴,关闭Shutoff关掉,切断（电源等）;停止供应（煤气、水等）【考试题型】单项填空Thegovernmentistryingtoprotecttheenvironmentnow.Yeah.Itisreportedthatsomefactorieswillbesoon.setupB.shutoffC.givenupD.turnedoff知识点13....hecontinued,turningtothetwodetectives,......他继续说,转向两位警探。（P117）「考点12」continue的用法【用法分析】continue是不及物动词,意思为“持续,继续,延伸”,其反义词是stop.Theclasscontinuedforabouttwohours.这堂课大约持续了大约两小时。,连续,后接名词、代词、动词不定式等。,但他还继续工作。continuevt.(使）继续,延伸,使延长,其后可以接名词、代词、动词不定式或动名词做宾语。Theraincontinuedtofall/fallingallday.这场雨持续下了一整天。【考试题型】根据汉语提示完成句子ResearcherssaytemperaturesinNorthAfricawillcontinue(上升）thissummer.知识点14,布鲁斯和所有邻居都相处和睦。(P118)「考点13」getalongwithsb的用法【用法分析】getalongwith意为“与某人相处”,相当于getonwithsb;getalongwellwithsb与某人相处融洽/和睦相处,其中的well是副词,修饰动词短语getalong.Howdoyougetalong/onwithyourclassmates?你和你的同学相处得怎么样？Shegetsalong/onwellwithherparents.他与父母相处得很好。【考点拓展】Getalong(withsth)还可意为“（在某方面）进行/开展得......”.Howareyougettingalongwellwithyourwork?你可以的工作开展得如何？【考试题型】根据汉语提示完成句子MaybepublicserviceadsonTVremindustospendmoretime(与......相处）ourparentswell.知识点15.except的用法「考点14」except的用法【用法分析】except是介词,意为“除......之外”,这家商店每天都营业。【考试题型】根据汉语提示完成句子Marygoestoworkeveryday(除......之外）Sunday.【评测】Notbad!Good!Perfect!Ⅲ.Grammar定语从句：一个句子充当定语Ilikethepen.(whichone?)Thepencostme10yuan.Ilikethepenwhich/thatcostme10yuan.↑↑先行词关系代词关系代词就是用来代替先行词的thepen=which/thatMydadhasafriendwho/thatisgoodatEnglish.who/that为引导词,在从句中代替friend先行词：是被定语从句所修饰的词,通常是名词或代词。关系代词：是引导定语从句的词,在从句中替代先行词。注意:从句必须紧跟在先行词后。Theboywhoisplayingpingpongismyclassmate定语从句结构….先行词（名词/代词）+关系代词（who/whom/which/that)+….which代替事物,在从句中充当主语和宾语that代替人或物,在从句中充当主语和宾语。关系代词在从句中作宾语时,可以省略who代替人.在从句中可充当主语。who/whom代替人,在从句中充当宾语。that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。(5)先行词既有人,又有物时典型例题典型例题1.Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthings______theycouldn’tremember.2.Sayall________youknow.3.Isthereanything______Icandoforyou?4.Thisisthefirstplay________IhaveseensinceIcamehere.5.Thisisthebestnovel_______Ihaveread.当先行词被序数词,最高级等词修饰时,关系代词只能用that.6.Whoisthegirl_______isstandingunderthetree?7.Whichisthemachine____weusedlastSunday当主句是who或which引导的特殊疑问句,而中心词指人或物时,关系代词只能用that.【Summary关系代词的用法】关系代词在从句的用法指人指物主语宾语thatwhichwhowhom小结：that－既可指人,也可指物,作主语,不能省略;作宾语,可以省略。which－指物,作主语,不能省略;作宾语,可以省略.who－指人,作主语,不能省略;作宾语,可以省略,（常用whom）【语法连词】一、选择题1.Iprefersongs____popular.A.thatisB.thatareC.whoisD.whoare2.Ilikethesinger____differentkindsofmusic.A.thatplayB.whoplayC.whocanplayD.whomplays3.Doyoulikemusic____makesyouexcited?A.thatB.whatC.whoD.it4.Allthechildrenliketheteachers____canunderstandthem.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whom5.Thepandaisakindofanimal____canbefoundonlyinChina.A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.where二、填空用关系代词（that、which、who、whom、whose）填空。1.Thisistheman_______________wantstoseeyou.2.Thestudent__________________answeredthequestionisZhangHua.3.Theman_________________youwenttoseehase.4.Theman__________________Imetyesterdaylentmesomemoney.5.Thewoman______________________yousawisourgeographyteacher.6.Hereisthepen________________youlostthedaybeforeyesterday.7.Thesebooks____________________youlentmewereveryuseful.8.Aclockisamachine__________________tellspeoplethetime.9.Thisistheshirt______________________Iboughtyesterday.10.Thebook___________________isonthetableismine.11.Thefilm___________________theyaretalkingaboutisveryinteresting.12.Iwillneverforgetthepeopleandtheplaces____________Ihaveevervisited.13.Isthereanyone___________________familyisinBeijing?【配套练习】一、单项选择1.Howcan_________womanlikeherberemendedas________headofouruniversity?A.the,/ B.a,a C.a,/ D.the,the2.Theman________mediumheightwascharged_________breaking_________severalputersystems.A.of;with;into B.of;of;into C.with;for;into D.for;with;to3.Ileftwatch_______intherestaurantbutIcan'tfindit_______.A.somewhere;anywhere B.somewhere;everywhereC.anywhere;everywhere D.everywhere;somewhere4.Ifyouseeanythingunusual,pleasecontact________thepolice________33309843.A.on;on B.with;on C./;on D.with;with5.Theofficersaredoingwhattheycan________wildanimalsfrom_________.A.toprevent;beingwounded B.toprevent;woundingC.prevent;beingwounded D.prevent;wounded6.Beforethedoctorlookedhimover,hewastold________in________andthen_________out.A.tobreathe;deep;breathe B.tobreathe;deeply;breatheC.breathe;deeply;breatheD.breath;deep;breath7.—Didthe________seetheman’sface?—No.Hesaidhewasattackedfrombehind.A.attackerB.victimC.suspect D.witness8.—IsittruethatMikerefusedanofferfromYaleUniversityyesterday?—Yeah,butIhavenoidea_________,that’soneofhisfavoriteuniversities.A.when B.why C.that D.how9.Theythought________importanttolookrightandleftwhen________theroad.A.it;tocross B.it;crossing C.itwas;tocross D.it’s;cross 10.—Thisisthefilm________Ihavetoldyoumanytimes.—Really?Ihaveneverseen_________interestingfilm.A.which;so B.what;such C.which;suchan D.that;such11.Thepoliceneedanyinformationthat_________ofsomevalue.Theyhaveofferedareward.A.is 12.Oh,mygod!Ourhouse________lastnight.Lookatthefootprintsonthefloor.A.wasbreakinginto B.brokeninto C.wasbrokeninto D.brokeinto13.You_______tothemeetingthisafternoonifyouhavesomethingimportanttodo.A.needn'ttoe B.don'tneede C.don'tneeding D.needn'te14.Thoughtherearelotsofebooksinyourputer,________isofanyuse.A.noone B.none C.nothing D.anything15.Throughthereform,theeconomicsituationofChina________muchbetterthanitusedtobe.A.turnedintoB.turnedoffC.turnedonD.turnedout 16.—When________yourdog________?—It________fortwoandahalfdays.A.was;missing;hadbeenmissing B.has;gonemissing;hasgonemissingC.did;gomissing;hasbeenmissing D.has;beenmissing;wentmissing17.Manytouristsare_________bythebeautifulviewhereeveryyear.A.attracted B.arrested C.attacked D.accepted18.Thevictim’sparentsoffereda(n)________forinformationthat________tothearrestofthemurderer.A.award;lead B.reward;leads C.award;tolead D.reward;lead19.—Thelightinhisofficeisstillon.Doyouknow__________?—Inordertopreparefortheingexams.A.ifheworkshard B.whenhewillstopworkingC.whyishesobusy D.whyhestaysupsolate20.Whereandwhen_________therobbery________place?A.did,take B.has,taken C.has,beentaken D.was,taken二、词汇运用1.Befriendlyandyouwillmakemorefriendsandfewer________（enemy）.2.Ihadtostayathomebecauseitwasraining________(heavy)outside.3.Don’tbelieveinadvertisementsbecausetheymayhidesome________.(true)4.The________(miss)boyhasn’tbeenfoundyet.5.Theroomisso________(tidy).Itneedscleaningrightnow.6.The________(夫妻)wholiveinthishousehavelivedherefor40years.7.Twosoldiersdiedandthreewere_________(havebeenhurtbyaknifeoragun)intheattack.8.Nothingismoreimportantthan_________(安全)forthepupils.9.Idon’tneedadoubleroom.A___________roomisOK.10.Tome,thegreatest________(财富)ismyfamily.四、完形填空87yearoldCuiDaozhiisacriminalinvestigator(侦查员)fromtheHeilongjiangProvincialDepartmentofPublicSecurity(黑龙江省公安厅).OnJune29,2021,hewas1withtheJuly1Medalbecauseofhisgreatachievementsinhiswork.Overthepast66years,hehas2over7,000traceevidenceidentification(痕迹证据的鉴定)tasksatcrimescenes.Hehasalsotakenpartininvestigations(调查)intosomeofthe3criminalcasesinChina."Traceevidence,includingfingerprints,footprints,toolmarksandotherspecialmarks,istheimportantclue4willhelpsolvecases.Asaresult,thereshouldn'tbeanycarelessnesswhileweare5thetraceevidence."saidCui.Cuidevotedhimselftohiswork.After5yearsof6,heinventedsomethingusefulinhisfield.Healso7thehabitoftakingpictureswheneverhetookpartintheinvestigationintocases.Cuiwasbornintoa8familyinMeihekou,JiliProvincein1934andhadanunhappychildhood.Whenhewasstillveryyoung,he9hisparents.Hewasbroughtupbyhisgrandparents.In1951,Cui10thearmyattheageof17.Fouryearslaterin1955,hewas11totheHeilongjiangProvincialDepartmentofPublicSecurityandbecameacriminalinvestigator.Fromthenon,heworkedveryhard.12,becausehehadn'tgotahighereducation,hemetwithlotsofdifficultiesatfirst.Thankstothe13ofthedepartment,hegotthechancetocontinuehisstudies.Cuiretired(退休)in1994, 14 heneverleaveshisposition.Instead,heputsevenmore15intoresearchingtraceevidence.（）5.Amunicatingwith B.connectingwith C.beginningwith D.dealingwith D.guess C.joined 五、阅读理解Feelingupsetispartoflife.Sometimesstresshappensathomeorschool.Itmayleaveusfeelingangryorworried.Wecannotcontroleverythingthathappensaroundus.However,wecanlearntocalmourselvesdown.Withpractice,wecanlearnusefulwaystokeepcoolwhenwefeelupset.RemoveyourselffromthesituationDisagreementswithotherpeoplecanbehardtodealwith.Theycanleadtoupsetfeelings.Sometimesweneedtogetawayfromthesituation.ItisOKtosay,“I’mgoingtotakeabreak.”Thenyoucangoforawalk.Oryoucanfindaquietplacetosit.Thepurposeistogiveyourselfsomespacetocalmdown.AcceptyourthoughtsFeelingupsetisnatural.Everyonegetsupsetsometimes.Acceptingthatweareupsetishealthy.Ifweacceptit,wecanchoosewhattodoaboutit.Wecaneventalktoourselvesabouthowwe’refeeling.Whenyouareupset,saysomethinglikethisinyourhead,“I’mfeelingreallyupsetrightnow.ThatisOK.IcancontrolwhatIdonext.”ChangeyourlanguageWhenwe’reupset,sometimesweuseunkindwordstopunishourselves.Wedon’thavetodothat.Tocalmdown,wecantrytosaysomethingtomakeourselvesfeelfortable.Forexample,insteadofsaying,“Iamalwaysintrouble,”wemightsay,“Imadeamistake.Ithappenstoeveryone.NexttimeI’lldoitdifferently.”Dobreathing(呼吸)exercisesWhenwefeelupset,theheartbeatsfaster.Thebodypreparesasifitisgoingtobeinafight.Youcanusebreathingtocalmdown.Ifpossible,findaplacewhereyoucansitfortably.Thenfocuson(专注于)yourbreath,breathingdeeplyandslowly.Thispracticeslowsdowntheheartandhelpsuscalmdown.()1.Theunderlinedexpression“giveyourselfsomespace”inParagraph2means________.A.goingforawalk B.spendingtimealoneC.workingwithothers D.stoppingbeingfriends()2.Ifyoutrytoacceptyourthoughts,youcan________.A.keepquiettorelaxyourself B.getawayfromthesituationC.findit’sOKtobeupsetsometimes D.talkwithyourbestfriendstoaskforadvice()3.Howcanwedobreathingexercisesaccordingtothearticle?①Payattentiontoourbreath.②Trytotakeadeepandslowbreath.③Talktoourselvestoslowdowntheheart.④Findafortableplacetositifpossible.A. ①②③ B.①②④ C.①③④ D.②③④()4.Fromthearticle,wecanknowthat________.A.disagreementswithotherscanleadtoupsetfeelingsB.it’snecessarytouseunkindwordstopunishourselvesC.weareabletocontroleverythingthat