四川省资阳市2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题含解析

PAGE24-四川省资阳市2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）留意事项：1.本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeinMarch?A.cold.B.warm.C.freezing.2.Howmuchdidthemanpayforthecards?A.Oneyuan.B.Twoyuan.C.Fouryuan.3.Howdidthemanknowabouttheaccident?A.Hesawit.B.Hereadaboutit.C.Heheardaboutit.4.Whatsportdoesthemanlikemost?A.Jogging.B.Swimming.C.Basketball.5.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthenovel?A.Boring.B.Interesting.C.Thrilling.其次节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onthestreet.B.Atabirthdayparty.C.Atauniversity.7.Whatarcthetwospeakersgoingtodo?A.Theyaregoingtostarttheircar.B.Theyaregoingtoattendthesameparty.C.Theyaregoingtostudyphysicstogether.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.What'sthetechnologymainlyusedfor?A.Recordingmusic.B.Deliveringsound.C.Seeingpictures.9.Whydoesthewomanprobablyliketheequipment?A.It'sgreatforlongfamilytrips.B.Itknowswhereyourearsare.C.It'sonsalerightnow.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatdoesDadwanttodointheholiday?A.VisitNaturePreserve.B.Enjoysomenaturalscenery.C.Stayathome.11.WheredoesMomwanttogo?A.Hawaii.B.Chongqing.C.Changbaimountain.12.WhydoesthemanwanttogotoHawaii?A.Togotouniversity.B.Toenjoydifferentculture.C.Toseenaturalscenery.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.HowlonghasthewomanbeeninChina?A.Sevenmonths.B.Sixmonths.C.Ayear14.WherewillLindaspendtheSpringFestival?A.Inthecitycentre.B.Inherhometown.C.Inthecountryside15.WhatdoesLindathinkofthefestival?A.Important.B.Ordinary.C.Interesting.16.What'stheprobablerelationshipofthetwospeakers?A.Friends.B.Brotherandsister.C.Classmates.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whichflightwascancelled?A.The8a.m.flight.B.The7p.m.flight.C.The6p.m.flight.18.What'sbeingofferedforfree?A.Dinnerandentertainment.B.Anotherflight.C.Hotelrooms.19.Whichactivitybeginsat6:30p.m.?A.Thefilms.B.Thesoccermatch.C.Thebaseballgame.20.Whatshouldpeopledoiftheyhaveanyquestion?A.Gototheinformationdesk.B.Talktothespeaker.C.Lookattheschedule.其次部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIfyouandyourpartnerlovetotravel,adestinationweddingisaperfectidea!It'simportantthatyouplanoutwhatthebestlocationisforyouandyourfuturepartner,consideringyourcostsandwhatitwillcostyourlovedones.Hereisalistofthebestwhenitcomestoinexpensivedestinationweddings.1.St.Petersburg,FLWithpleasantweathernearlyyear-roundandbeautifuloceanfrontviews,St.Peteisaperfectplaceforadestinationwedding.Yourlovedonescaneasilydriveorgetrelativelyinexpensiveplaneticketsandyoucangetmarriedonthewater.TheaverageweddinginSt.PetecostsaroundS5000.2.Negril,JamaicaCoveredinbeautifulresorts,Negriloffersnotonlynaturalbeautyonitsbeaches,butalsoexcellenteleganceifyou'dliketostayindoors.Thebestwaytodoitistobuyapackagethrougharesortwhichwillcostyoubetween$2500-$10000dependingontheoptionsyouchoose.3.PlayadelCarmen,MexicoThisisatopdestinationweddinglocationbecauseit'sinexpensiveforbothyouandyourguests.With30guestsitwillcostabout$45000andincludessomanyamenities(令人开心的事):decorations,set-upandevenacouple'smassage(按摩)!Plus,mosthotelroomscostaroundonly$100anight.4.Newport,RINewportisasleepy,romantictownthathastheNewEnglandfeelwithoutthecost.Youcanhaveyourweddingsonthebeachifthatsuitsyou,butifyoucanwaituntiltheoff-season,youcanbuyapackageatasatisfyingmansion(公馆)forlessthan$5000.1.Whichdestinationcanyouchoosetostayindoors?A.St.Petersburg,FL. B.Negril,Jamaica.C.PlayadelCarmen,Mexico. D.Newport,RI.2.WhatcanyoudoinNewport,RI?A.HavethefeelofEngland. B.Experienceacouple'smassage.C.Haveaweddingonthewater D.Enjoyapackageatasatisfyingmansion.3.Wheredoesthepassagemostprobablycomefrom?A.Atraveljournal. B.AnewsreportC.Asciencetextbook. D.Alibraryguide.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍一些不昂贵的旅行婚礼目的地。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据2.Negril,Jamaica中Coveredinbeautifulresorts,Negriloffersnotonlynaturalbeautyonitsbeaches,butalsoexcellenteleganceifyou'dliketostayindoors.“在漂亮的度假胜地，内格里尔不仅供应自然美的海滩，而且假如你想呆在室内，也特别优雅。”由此可知，假如你想呆在室内，你可以选择Negril,Jamaica。故选B。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据4.Newport,RI中Youcanhaveyourweddingsonthebeachifthatsuitsyou,butifyoucanwaituntiltheoff-season,youcanbuyapackageatasatisfyingmansion(公馆)forlessthan$5000.“假如你觉得合适，你可以在海滩上实行婚礼，但假如你可以等到淡季，你可以花不到5000美元在一个令人满足的豪宅里享受一个婚礼套餐。”由此可知，在Newport,RI在一个令人满足的大厦享受一个婚礼套餐。故选D。【3题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段中Hereisalistofthebestwhenitcomestoinexpensivedestinationweddings.“以下是一些不昂贵的旅行婚礼目的地。”由此可知，这篇文章最有可能来自“一篇旅游日志”。故选A。BItwasaboutfiveinthemorninginOntario,Canada,whenDonnaStrickland'sphonerang.TheNobelPrizecommitteewasonthelineinStockholm,callingtotellhershehadwontheprizeinphysics."Iwonderedifitwasajoke,"StricklandsaidinaninterviewwithaNobelofficialafterthecall.Shehadbeenasleepwhenthecallarrived."Somethingwaswrongbecauseitcamesoearlyinthemorning.ButthenIknewitwastherightday,anditwouldhavebeenacrueljoke."Strickland,anassociateprofessorattheUniversityofWaterloo,sharesthehonorwithtwootherscientistsfortheirworkinthe1980sintransforminglasers(激光)intotinytoolsthattodayhavecountlessapplication.Theprizemoney$1.4millionwillhesharedamongthethree.HalftheprizewenttoStricklandandhercooperatorGerardMourou,aprofessorattheEcolePolytechniqueinFrance.TheotherhalfwasawardedtoArthurAshkin,aretiredphysicistwhoworkedatthefamousBellLabsintheUnitedStates.Strickland'swinishistoricinmorethanoneway.It'sbeenover55yearssinceawomanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeinPhysics.In1903,MarieCuriebecamethefirst-everwomantowinaNobelPrizeinPhysics.Forthenext60years,nowomenphysicistswereawarded.MariaGoeppertMayerbecamethesecondwomanphysicisttowintheNobelPrizeinPhysicsin1963.Stricklandherselfwassurprisedtolearnshewasthethirdwomantoreceivethehonorinphysics."Isthatall,really?Ithoughttheremighthavebeenmore."shesaidatapressconferenceTuesday."Weneedtocelebratewomenphysicists,becausewe'reoutthere.Hopefully,intime,itwillstarttomoveforwardatafasterrate."4.WhatwasDonna'sfirstreactionaftershereceivedthecall?A.Shefeltalleffortspaidoff. B.ShewastooexcitedtosayawordC.Shewasdoubtfulaboutit. D.Shewasannoyedatbeingwakenup.5.HowmuchwasDonnarewardedforwinningtheNobelPrize?A.About$350,000. B.About$2.8million.C.About$700,000. D.About$1.4million.6.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Strickland'sachievementsinphysics.B.ThehistoryoftheNobelPrizeinPhysics.C.Strickland'sstruggletowintheNobelPrize.D.ThreewomenwinnersoftheNobelPrizeinPhysicsinhistory.7.Whatdoestheunderlined"it"inthelastparagraphreferto?A.TheNobelPrizeinPhysics.B.Theachievementofmenphysicists.C.ThecelebrationoftheNobelPrizewinners.D.AwardingwomenphysiciststheNobelPrizeinPhysics.【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述的是Donna的获奖经验。她成为历史上第三位女性诺贝尔物理学奖获得者。【4题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段第一句"Iwonderedifitwasajoke,"StricklandsaidinaninterviewwithaNobelofficialafterthecall.““我想知道这是不是个玩笑，”Strickland在电话后接受一位诺贝尔奖官员的采访时说。”由此可知，Donna接到电话后的第一反应是“她对此表示怀疑。”故选C。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段中Theprizemoney$1.4millionwillhesharedamongthethree.“他将与三人共享140万美元的奖金。”由此可知，Donna得到的奖金是About$350,000（1.4million÷3=$350,000）。故选A。【6题详解】段落大意题。依据第四段Strickland'swinishistoricinmorethanoneway.It'sbeenover55yearssinceawomanwasawardedtheNobelPrizeinPhysics.In1903,MarieCuriebecamethefirst-everwomantowinaNobelPrizeinPhysics.Forthenext60years,nowomenphysicistswereawarded.MariaGoeppertMayerbecamethesecondwomanphysicisttowintheNobelPrizeinPhysicsin1963.“思特里克兰德的成功不仅在一个方面具有历史意义。一位女性获得诺贝尔物理学奖已经超过55年了。1903年，玛丽·居里成为第一位获得诺贝尔物理学奖的女性。在接下来的60年里，没有女性物理学家获奖。玛丽亚·格珀特·梅耶(MariaGoeppertMayer)是1963年获得诺贝尔物理学奖的其次位女性物理学家。”可知，第四段介绍了历史上获得了诺贝尔物理学奖的三位女性。故选D。【7题详解】词义指代题。依据最终一段Stricklandherselfwassurprisedtolearnshewasthethirdwomantoreceivethehonorinphysics."Isthatall,really?Ithoughttheremighthavebeenmore."shesaidatapressconferenceTuesday."Weneedtocelebratewomenphysicists,becausewe'reoutthere.Hopefully,intime,itwillstarttomoveforwardatafasterrate."思特里克兰德自己也惊异地发觉，她是第三位获得物理学荣誉的女性。“真的，就这些吗?”她在周二的新闻发布会上说。“我们须要赞美女性物理学家，因为我们就在那里。希望。”由此推知，最终一句中的it指代的就是前面提到的“授予女性物理学家诺贝尔物理学奖”这件事。故选D。CWhenmostpeoplethinkaboutthe"Americanculture",imagesofCoca-Cola,hotdogs,baseballgames,bigcarscometomind.Actually,Americancultureismorethanthat,anditshistoryfeaturesthevarietyofAmericanculture.Especiallysouthernculture,playsapartinAmericanculture.Andthesouthernersareknownfortheirhospitality,languageandfood.Southerners'hospitalityisveryfamousintheworld.PeoplewholiveintheSouthareveryniceandarealwayswillingtohelpanotherpersoninanywaytheycan.Ifsomeoneisfromoutoftownandneedsdirectionstoacertainplace,Southernerswillmakesureheorsheknowshowtogetthere.Southernersareverypolite.Everytimetheypasssomeoneontheroad,theyaregoingtowaveathimorher.TownsintheSouthhavefewerpeopleandeveryoneknowseveryone.ThepeopleintheSoutharenicerthananywhereelseintheUnitedStates.LanguageintheSouthvariesaccordingtowhichareasomeoneisinandwhattheperson'sbackgroundis.Mostwhitepeoplehaveacountrydrawintheaccent.MostblackpeopletalkusingEbonies(黑人英语)，butsomedohaveadrawintheiraccent.TheothergroupstalkintheirnativelanguagesorinEnglishwithanobviousaccent.ThelanguagesintheSoutharealikeinmostplacesexceptinSouthernLouisianaTheSouth'sfoodislikenootherplaces.Itiscolourful,hasawonderfulsmellthatfillsthewholehouseandtastesgood.AllthethingsthattheSouthernersusewillwakeupone'stasteandarereallydelicious.Southerncultureiswell-knownintheworld.TheSouthisverydifferentfromotherareasintheUnitedStates.Thepeoplearenice,thelanguageisverydifferentandthefoodisgreat.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"hospitality"inParagraph1probablymean?A.Beinghonest. B.Beingfriendly.C.Beinggenerous. D.Beingbeautiful9.Whatcanyouinferaboutthesouthernersfromthepassage?A.Theyenjoywavingatothers. B.Theyprefertotalkontheroad.C.Theyarcgladtohelpstrangers. D.Theydon'tgetalongwellwithothers.10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheSouthisNOTtrue?A.PeopleintheSouthspeakthesamelanguage.B.PeopleintheSoutharethenicestinAmerica.C.ThecultureintheSouthisuniqueintheworld.D.ThefoodintheSoutharedifferentfromotherplaces.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A.TheOriginofSouthernCulture. B.AmericanCulture.C.Southerners'Hospitality. D.SouthernCulture.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍美国南方的文化。【8题详解】词义揣测题。依据其次段中PeoplewholiveintheSoutharcveryniceandarealwayswillingtohelpanotherpersoninanywaytheycan.“住在南方的人很友好，总是情愿尽其所能帮助别人。所以南方人的好客著名于世。”由此可知，划线词的意思是“好客，友好”。故选B。【9题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中Ifsomeoneisfromoutoftownandneedsdirectionstoacertainplace,Southernerswillmakesureheorsheknowshowtogetthere.Southernersareverypolite.Everytimetheypasssomeoneontheroad,theyaregoingtowaveathimorher“假如有人从外地来，须要去某个地方，南方人会确保他或她知道如何到达那里。南方人很有礼貌。每次他们在路上经过某人，他们会向他或她挥手。”由此推断出，南方人乐于帮助生疏人。故选C。【10题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段最终一句ThelanguagesintheSoutharealikeinmostplacesexceptinSouthernLouisiana“除了南路易斯安那州，南方的语言在大多数地方都很相像。”由此可知，A项PeopleintheSouthspeakthesamelanguage.（南方人说同一种语言。）是不正确的。故选A。【11题详解】标题推断题。纵观全文，尤其是第一段Especiallysouthernculture,playsapartinAmericanculture.Andthesouthernersareknownfortheirhospitality,languageandfood.尤其是南方文化，在美国文化中起着重要的作用。南方人以他们的好客、语言和食物而著名以。及最终一段Southerncultureiswell-knownintheworld.TheSouthisverydifferentfromotherareasintheUnitedStates.Thepeoplearenice,thelanguageisverydifferentandthefoodisgreat.“南方文化著名于世。南方与美国其他地区有很大的不同。那里的人很好，语言也很不同，食物也很棒。”由此可知，短文的最佳标题是“南方的文化”。故选D。DThegovernmenthasproposedtospendmoneydevelopingwirelesschargingroadsintheUKaspartofa￡40millionplan.Wirelesschargingroadscouldbedevelopedtorechargeelectriccarswhiletheydrivealongtosolvesomeproblemsaboutlimitedequipmenttoencourageownershipofthesevehiclesandensurebetterairquality.Thegovernmenthaspromisedthemoneytodevelopingbothon-streetandwirelesschargingtohelptransformationfrominternalcombustionengine(内燃机)carstoelectriccars.ThesesystemsworksimilarlytoaScalextrictoycar.Wirelesschargingusesaprocesscalledelectromagneticinduction(电磁感应)tomoveenergy.Onthegroundisapadinwhichelectricityispassedthroughasetofwiretocreateamagneticfield.Itisthenmovedtoareceiverontheundersideofthecar.Oncethetechnologyworks,itcouldmeanthatdriverscanfilluptheircarsastheydrivealong,meaningtherecouldbelongerperiodsbetweencharging.TheproposalwasmadeinDepartmentforTransport(DFT)andcouldalsoseechargingpointspositionedatservicestationsandcarparks.Newhomeswillalso,wherepermitted,bebuiltwithsomepoints.DavidMartell,oftheelectriccarchargingcompanyBPChargemaster,said,"Wirelesschargingwillmakedrivinganelectricvehicleassimilaraspossibletodrivingapetrolcarbutwithoutgoingtothepetrolstationfrequently."Thisisnotthefirsttimethatwirelesschargingroadshavebeenproposedasanumberoffirmshavedevelopedtechnologies.RenaultpartneredwithQualcommandVEDECOMTechtodeveloparoadtotestthetechnology'scapability.The100-metertesttrackwassaidtobecapableofachargeupto20kilowattsatspeedsupto,andover,62milesperhour(nearly100km/h).12.What'stheattitudeoftheUKgovernmenttoelectricvehicles?A.Supportive. B.Unfavourable.C.Indifferent. D.Objective.13.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.HowaScalextrictoycarfunctions. B.Howtheelectriccarsgetcharged.C.Howthewirelessroadsystemsrun. D.Howtheelectriccarsbenefitpeople.14.HowdoesDavidMartellfindthenewtechnology?A.Itgetspetrolcarsunfavourable. B.Itsavesdrivers'tripstopetrolstation.C.Itgivesrisetomanynewcarparks. D.Itmakeselectriccarsdifficulttodrive.15.Whydoestheauthormentionthefiguresinthelastparagraph?A.Toshowtheexperimentofsomefirms.B.Toannouncetheprogressofthenewtechnology.C.Toshowtheefficiencyofthewirelessroadsystems.D.Toencouragethecooperationamongdifferentfirms.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了无线充电道路系统是如何运行的，并展示了无线充电道路系统的优势。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段中Thegovernmenthaspromisedthemoneytodevelopingbothon-streetandwirelesschargingtohelptransformationfrominternalcombustionengine(内燃机)carstoelectriccars.“政府承诺将资金用于开发道路充电和无线充电，以帮助从内燃机车向电动汽车的转型。”由此推断出，英国政府对电动车是“支持的”。故选A。【13题详解】段落大意题。依据其次段中ThesesystemsworksimilarlytoaScalextrictoycar.Wirelesschargingusesaprocesscalledelectromagneticinduction(电磁感应)tomoveenergy.Onthegroundisapadinwhichelectricityispassedthroughasetofwiretocreateamagneticfield.Itisthenmovedtoareceiverontheundersideofthecar.“这些系统的工作原理类似于Scalextric玩具车。无线充电运用一种叫做电磁感应的过程来移动能量。在地面上有一个垫子，电通过一组电线来产生磁场。然后它被移动到汽车底部的接收器上。”由此可知，其次段讲的是“无线道路系统如何运行。”故选C。【14题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段中Wirelesschargingwillmakedrivinganelectricvehicleassimilaraspossibletodrivingapetrolcarbutwithoutgoingtothepetrolstationfrequently.“无线充电将使驾驶电动车与驾驶汽油车尽可能相像，但不必常常去加油站。”由此可知，大卫·马泰尔认为这项技术省去了司机去加油站的路程。故选B。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段中Thisisnotthefirsttimethatwirelesschargingroadshavebeenproposedasanumberoffirmshavedevelopedtechnologies.RenaultpartneredwithQualcommandVEDECOMTechtodeveloparoadtotestthetechnology'scapability.The100-metertesttrackwassaidtobecapableofachargeupto20kilowattsatspeedsupto,andover,62milesperhour(nearly100km/h).“这并不是第一次提出无线充电道路，因为很多公司已经开发了技术。雷诺与高通(Qualcomm)和VEDECOMTech合作，开发了一条测试该技术实力的道路。这条100米的测试轨道据说可以在最高时速62英里(近100公里/小时)的状况下充电20千瓦。”由推断出，作者在最终一段中提到这些数字是为了展示无线道路系统的效率。故选C。【点睛】推理推断题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出肯定的推理推断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理推断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话，也可能是某几句话，所以，推理题的答案只能是依据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理推断题的题干中通常含infer,suggest,imply,concludeindicate等标记性词语。本题第1小题，依据第一段中Thegovernmenthaspromisedthemoneytodevelopingbothon-streetandwirelesschargingtohelptransformationfrominternalcombustionengine(内燃机)carstoelectriccars.“政府承诺将资金用于开发道路充电和无线充电，以帮助从内燃机车向电动汽车的转型。”由此可知，英国政府对电动车是“支持的”。故选A。其次节(共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Migration(迁徙),isalongjourneycarriedoutbysomebirdstootherareaswheretheyhopetofindmorefoodandawarmerplacetospendwinter.Hundredsorthousandsofmiles'journeyisactuallydifficultanddangerous.Sowhydobirdsmigrate?____16____However,itallcomesdowntosurvival.MigratingforaMealForallbirds,oneofthemaindrivingforcesbehindmigrationisfoodshortage.Ifallbirdsweretostayinthesamewarmregionsalltheyearround,foodwouldbecomelackingandproducingtheiryoungwouldbelesssuccessful.Asfoodresourcesarerichinthenortheachspring,millionsofbirdsmigratethereforthefoodsupplies.____17____MigratingforFamilyOverthousandsofyears,birdshaveevolveddifferentmigrationpatterns,timinganddestinationstoflyaroundtheworldtoproducetheiryoung.Birdstakeadvantageofawidevarietyofsuitableconditionstoraisetheiryoung.____18____MigratingforClimateBirdshaveevolveddifferenttypesoffeatherstosurvivedifferentclimates.____19____SomanybirdsleavetheArcticproducinggrounds,forexample,whentemperaturesbegintofallandtheyneedwarmerhabitats.Similarly,thehottestregionscanbeabadenvironmentforraisinglittlechicks,andtheywillchoosecoolerareastolayeggs.MigratingforPredators(掠食动物)Habitatsthathaverichfoodresourcesalltheyearroundalsoattractagreaternumberofpredatorsthatcanthreatentheirnests.____20____Itgivestheiryoungabetterchanceofreachingmaturity.Manybirdsevenmigratetospecializedhabitatsthatarenearlyinaccessibletopredators.A.Birdsalwaystendtoflytowarmerplaces.B.Andchangesinthoseclimatescanaffectmigration.C.Thisincreasesthesurvivingchancesoflittlechicks.D.Birdshaveadaptedthemselvestotheirownsurroundings.E.ThereismorethanonereasonsfordifferentbirdstomigrateF.Asthefoodsuppliesdecreaseinfall,theyreturntowarmregions.G.Sobirdsmigratetodifferenthabitatstoavoidbeingeatenbypredators.【答案】16.E17.F18.C19.B20.G【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍鸟类的迁徙的缘由。【16题详解】依据上文提示“那么为什么鸟类会迁徙呢?”承接上文，E项Thereismorethanonereasonsfordifferentbirdstomigrate（不同鸟类迁徙的缘由不止一个）切题。故选E。【17题详解】依据上文提示“由于北方的食物资源丰富，每年春天都有数以百万计的鸟迁徙到那里找寻食物”。承接上文，F项Asthefoodsuppliesdecreaseinfall,theyreturntowarmregions.（随着秋天食物供应的削减，它们回到暖和的地区。）切题。故选F。【18题详解】依据上文提示“鸟类利用各种各样的相宜条件来哺育后代。”承接上文，C项Thisincreasesthesurvivingchancesoflittlechicks.（这增加了小企鹅的生存机会。）切题。故选C。【19题详解】依据上文提示“鸟类进化出不同类型的羽毛以适应不同的气候。”再依据下文提示“例如，当气温起先下降，须要更暖和的栖息地时，很多鸟类离开北极的产地。”承接上下文，B项Andchangesinthoseclimatescanaffectmigration.（这些气候的改变会影响迁徙。）切题。故选B。【20题详解】依据上文提示“全年都有丰富食物资源的栖息地也吸引了大量的捕食者，这些捕食者会威逼到它们的巢”。再依据下文提示“这使它们的后代有更好的机会成熟。”承接上下文，G项Sobirdsmigratetodifferenthabitatstoavoidbeingeatenbypredators.（所以鸟类迁徙到不同的栖息地以避开被捕食者吃掉。）切题。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whenlifehandsyoulemons,well,don'tbother.Six-graderJamariaCrumphasalreadysetanexample.Ittookthe11-year-oldoneyeartoperfecther____21____lemonaderecipe(柠檬水配方)alongwithsome____22____,likecookiesandcheesecakesthathadmadeherbusinessa____23____.Andwhat'sevenmore____24____isthat,withsomehelpfromher____25____,JamariabuiltherownbrandLemonTopia."She____26____foralemonadestandforayearortwobeforeIletherdoit."saidhermom,JasmineHall,"WhenJamaria'spreviousschool____27____abakesale,itwastheperfect____28____.Andtheschooltoldhershehadtoofferbakedfood____29____lemonade.SoJamariaaddedlemontodessertsshealreadyknewhowtobake.Afterthebakesale,shekept_____30_____atschoolandcommunityevents.""Itcontinuedbywordofmouth(口头上)____31____sheservedthepartyatthecityhall,"Hallsaid,"LemonTopiabecamewell-knownandwemadea(n)_____32_____attheparty."Andwiththatmoney,Jamariamust_____33_____hermotherforridesand_____34_____thestand."She'sakid,sosometimesshe'slike'Idon'twanttostandatLemonTopia,andIwanttogototheconcert.'"Hallsaid,"IfIhaveto_____35_____,shewouldoffermemoneyhourly."MarketManagerAndyWeaversaid,"Jamaria'sdrinksandsnacksareaspecial,cheerfulpresenceinthemarket."_____36_____,themarketspaceiscompetitivesoJamariahastothinkofwaysto_____37_____customers.Andshehasshown_____38_____asshedevelopedmanylemonadesofnewflavours."Shedoesn'twantto____39____somuchintoitbecauseshe'slike'I'mfinishedwithitbutshehasn't.'So,I'mvery____40____ofherforstickingwithit."saidHall.21.A.complex B.expensive C.unique D.familiar22.A.pies B.desserts C.candies D.drinks23.A.hit B.reality C.record D.test24.A.amusing B.upsetting C.confusing D.amazing25.A.father B.mom C.friends D.classmates26.A.applied B.looked C.acted D.begged27.A.forbade B.started C.indicated D.foresaw28.A.achievement B.phenomenon C.chance D.challenge29.A.insteadof B.ratherthan C.aswellas D.bymeansof30.A.selling B.wandering C.exhibiting D.advertising31.A.when B.until C.as D.though32.A.plan B.order C.decision D.fortune33.A.praise B.please C.pay D.persuade34.A.renting B.lending C.pushing D.working35.A.fillin B.goaway C.standby D.takein36.A.Therefore B.However C.Otherwise D.Besides37.A.hopefor B.dealwith C.competefor D.takeover38.A.creativity B.interest C.courage D.knowledge39.A.put B.share C.involve D.experience40.A.fond B.confident C.aware D.proud【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.B26.D27.B28.C29.C30.A31.B32.D33.C34.D35.A36.B37.C38.A39.A40.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述的是一个11岁的女孩在妈妈的帮助下做柠檬水和甜点并获得成功的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：11岁的她花了一年时间来完善她独特的柠檬水配方和一些甜点，如饼干和奶酪蛋糕，这让她的生意很成功。A.complex困难的；B.expensive昂贵的；C.unique独一无二的；D.familiar熟识的。依据第5空后的JamariabuiltherownbrandLemonTopia可知，她的柠檬水配方是“独特的”。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：11岁的她花了一年时间来完善她独特的柠檬水配方和一些甜点，如饼干和奶酪蛋糕，这让她的生意很成功。A.pies馅饼；B.desserts甜食；C.candies糖果；D.drinks饮料。依据第2空后的likecookiesandcheesecakes可知，这里指的是“甜点”。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：11岁的她花了一年时间来完善她独特的柠檬水配方和一些甜点，如饼干和奶酪蛋糕，这让她的生意很成功。A.hit打击，成功；B.reality现实；C.record记录；D.test测试。依据第5空后的JamariabuiltherownbrandLemonTopia可知，她的生意是“成功的”。故选A。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更令人惊异的是，在她妈妈的帮助下，Jamaria建立了自己的品牌LemonTopia。A.amusing好玩的；B.upsetting令人苦恼的；C.confusing混乱的；D.amazing令人惊异的。依据第5空后的JamariabuiltherownbrandLemonTopia.可知，此处指更“令人惊异的”是创立了品牌。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：更令人惊异的是，在她妈妈的帮助下，Jamaria建立了自己的品牌LemonTopia。A.father父亲；B.mom母亲；C.friends挚友；D.classmates同班同学。依据saidhermom可知，在她妈妈的帮助下。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她祈求我为她租个摊位，时间为一到两年。A.applied应用，实施；B.looked看；C.acted行动；D.begged祈求。依据第6空后的foralemonadestandforayearortwobeforeIletherdoit可知，她想妈妈“祈求”。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Jamaria以前的学校启动一次糕饼义卖时，这是一个绝佳的机会。A.forbade禁止；B.started起先启动,；C.indicated表明；D.foresaw预见。依据第7空后的abakesale可知，amaria以前的学校“启动”一次糕饼义卖。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Jamaria以前的学校启动一次糕饼义卖时，这是一个绝佳的机会。A.achievement成就；B.phenomenon现象；C.chance机会；D.challenge挑战。依据WhenJamaria'spreviousschool7abakesale可知，她认为这是一个绝佳的“机会”。故选C。【29题详解】考查连词词组。句意：学校告知她，除了柠檬汁，还要供应烘焙食品。A.insteadof代替；B.ratherthan而不是；C.aswellas除了，也，和……一样；D.bymeansof依靠。依据第9空格后的SoJamariaaddedlemontodessertsshealreadyknewhowtobake.可知，“除了”柠檬水，还有烘焙食品。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在糕饼义卖之后，她接着在学校和社区活动中卖糕饼。A.selling卖；B.wandering闲逛，漫游；C.exhibiting陈设；D.advertising登广告。依据第9空前的Afterthebakesale,shekept可知，接着“卖”糕饼。故选A。【31题详解】考查连词辨析。句意：人们口口相传，直到她为市政厅派对供应她的商品。A.when当……时候；B.until直到……为止；C.as由于……；D.though尽管。此处是until引导的时间状语从句。故选B。32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：LemonTopia出了名，我们在派对上赚了一大笔钱。A.plan安排；B.order吩咐；C.decision确定；D.fortune财宝，命运。依据第12空格前的LemonTopiabecamewell-known可知，makeafortune“发财”。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有了这笔钱，贾玛里亚必需付给她母亲的交通工具和摊位的钱。A.praise赞扬；B.please取悦；C.pay付款，支付；D.persuade劝告。依据第13空后的hermotherforrides可知，“支付”给妈妈钱。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有了这笔钱，贾玛里亚必需付给她母亲的交通工具和摊位的钱。A.renting出租；B.lending借出；C.pushing推，推动；D.working工作。此处指妈妈为她供应“工作”摊位。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：假如我临时代替她，她会按小时支付给我钱。A.fillin填写，临时代替；B.goaway走开；C.standby袖手旁边，支持；D.takein汲取，理解，欺瞒。依据第15空上一句sometimesshe'slike'Idon'twanttostandatLemonTopia,andIwanttogototheconcert.可知，妈妈“临时代替”她。故选A。【36题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，市场空间竞争激烈，所以Jamaria必需想方法争取客户。A.Therefore因此；B.However然而；C.Otherwise否则；D.Besides另外，此外。依据第16空前后的内容Jamaria'sdrinksandsnacksareaspecial,cheerfulpresenceinthemarket.和themarketspaceiscompetitive可知，此处表示“转折”关系。故选B。【37题详解】考查动词词组词义辩词。句意：然而，市场空间竞争激烈，所以Jamaria必需想方法争取客户。A.hopefor希望，期盼；B.dealwith解决，处理；C.competefor竞争，为……竞赛；D.takeover接管。依据第17空前的themarketspaceiscompetitivesoJamariahastothinkofways可知，要想法争取客户。故选C。38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在开发很多新口味的柠檬水时表现出了创建力。A.creativity创建力；B.interest爱好；C.courage志气；D.knowledge学问。依据第18空后的shedevelopedmanylemonadesofnewflavours可知，她有“创建力”。故选A。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不想投入太多，因为她觉得我已经完成了，但她还没