初升高衔接英语句法知识谓语动词的时态导学案

初升高衔接英语句法知识谓语动词的时态清单常见的八种时态般现在时过去时将来时现在进行时完成时过去进行时完成时将来时梳理1构成时态肯定句否定句一般疑问句一般现在时主语+am/is/are+其他.主语+am/is/are+not+其他.Am/Is/Are+主语+其他？主语+行为动词（原形或第三人称单数形式）+其他.主语+do/does+not+动词原形+其他.Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他？一般过去时主语+was/were+其他.主语+was/were+not+其他.Was/Were+主语+其他？主语+动词的过去式+其他.主语+did+not+动词原形+其他：Did+主语+动词原形+其他？一般将来时主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他.主语+will/shall+not+动词原形+其他.Will/Shall+主语+动词原形+其他？主语+am/is/aregoingto+动词原形+其他.主语+am/is/are+not+goingto+动词原形+其他.Am/Is/Are+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他？现在进行时主语+am/is/are+动词的ing形式+其他.主语+.am/is/are+not+动词的ing形式+其他.Am/Is/Are+主语+动词的ing形式+其他？

过去进行时主语+was/were+动词的ing形式+其他.主语+was/were+not+动词的ing形式+其他.Was/Were+主语+动词的ing形式+其他？现在完成时主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他.主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他.Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他？过去完成时主语+had+动词的过去分词+其他.主语+had+not+动词的过去分词+其他.Had+主语+动词的过去分词+其他？过去将来时主语+would/should+动词原形+其他.主语+would/should+not+动词原形+其他.Would/Should+主语+动词原形+其他？主语+was/weregoingto+动词原形+其他.主语+was/were+not+goingto+动词原形+其他.Was/Were+主语goingto+动词原形+其他？梳理2用法(1)一般现在时的基本用法★表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与often,usually,always,sometimes,everyday等连用。如：Ioftengotoschoolbybike. Sheworkseighthourseveryday.★表示现在的特征或状态。如：Thetwobrothersgotothesameschool,don'tthey?I'malwaysbusyonMonday.★表示客观事实或永恒的真理。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.★主句为一般将来时，在时间、条件等状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替___________。如：Don'tgetoffthebusuntilitstops.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewon'thaveabasketballgame.★少数动词，如：be,e,go,leave,arrive,fly,start,close,stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示按时刻表规定、计划或安排要发生的动作或存在的状态。如：Thetrainleavesatteno'clocktomorrowmorning.(2)一般过去时的基本用法★表示过去某一时刻或一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与其连用的时间状语有afewminutesago,yesterday,lastweek,justnow等。如：Myunclevisitedmyschoollastweek.Amywasintheofficejustnow.★表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。如：WhenIwasinthecountryside,Ioftenswamintheriver.(3)一般将来时的基本用法表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语tomorrow,nexttime,inafewdays,nextMonday/Tuesday...等连用。如:Wewillmeetsoon. Willyoubefreethisafternoon?［特别提醒］“begoingto+动词原形”，表示打算干某事或即将发生某事。如：WhatareyougoingtodonextSunday?而表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定,用_______________。如:Iwillhelpyoucarrythebox.(4)现在进行时的基本用法★表示说话时刻或现阶段_______________的动作和发生的事，常与now,atthemoment,Look!,Listen!等连用。如：TheyaretravelinginHongKongnow. It'ssnowingnow.★在时间和条件状语从句中，表将来正在进行的动作。如：Ifheisstillsleeping,wakehimup.★还可表示近期的安排或计划，常与动词e,go,leave,start,arrive,return,die等使用。如：IammeetingJanetonight.★现在进行时与_______________,forever等词连用，常表示赞叹、厌恶等感情色彩。如：Youarealwaysthinkingofothers.(表赞叹)Mybrotherisalwayslosinghiskeys.(表厌恶)(5)过去进行时的基本用法表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作，常与其连用的有atthistimeyesterday,atthattime等时间状语或由when引导的时间状语从句。如:Iwasreadingabookatthistimeyesterday.Jennywaslookingafterhersickmotherthosedays.★表示过去发生或己经完成的动作对现在造成的_______________,常与already,just,yet,ever,never,before等连用。如:Ihaven'theardofitbefore. Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.★表示持续到现在或有可能继续持续下去的动作或状态，常与_______________+时间段、since+时间点或since引导的从句连用。如：Ihavelivedinherefortenyears.Shehasworkedinabanksincesheleftschool.［特别提醒］现在完成时与一般过去时的异同相同点现在完成时与一般过去时的动作都发生在过去。不同点现在完成时强调动作对现在造成的影响，与“现在有关”，而一般过去时只说明动作发生在过去，与“现在无关”。(7)过去完成时的基本用法★表示一个过去的动作发生在另一个过去的动作之前。如:AfterIhadfinishedmyhomework,Iwenttosleep.★表示未曾实现的愿望、打算、意图等，常与hope,want,mean,think等词连用。如：Hehadmeanttoe,buthedidn'tatlast.(8)过去将来时的基本用法过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的事。如：MypenfriendJamessaidhewouldvisitmeinJuly.刷题I.用所给词的正确形式填空(每个限用一次)。Aplant,have,finish,be,see,teach,e,sing,walk,talk1.Whiletheboy___________downthestreet,theUFOlanded.2.Lindacanjoinusbecauseshe___________writingthereportalready.3.WhenwegottoYingtaiPark,somepeople___________trees.4.Listen!Someone___________inthenextroom.5.Pleasedon'tleavetheofficeuntilyourfriend___________back.6.SincelastAugust,theoldlady___________badheadachesforthreetimes.7.WhenI___________herinthehall,shewasplayingthepiano.8.It___________fiveyearssincemyuncleleftBeijing.9.Listen!SomeofthegirlsaboutHarryPotter.Let’sjointhem.10Ourteacher,MissChen,Englishontheradiothedaybeforeyesterday.Bstop,leave,do,thinkof,give,read,see,cost,finish,intend1.Idon'tthinkI___________youinthatdressbefore.2.I’msorryyou'vemissedthetrain.It___________10minutesago.3.Iboughtanewdictionaryandit___________me30yuan.4.Mom,mayIgooutandplaybasketball?___________you___________yourhomeworkyet?5.HeatalkonChinesehistoryintheschoolhallnextweek.6.Look!Howheavytherainis!You'dbetternotleaveuntilit___________.7.Whocleanedtheblackboardyesterday,Dick?John___________.8.I___________toeovertoseeyou,butIwastoobusy.9.Whatdidtheteachersayjustnow?Sorry.Ididn'tcatchit.I___________somethingelse.10.Bytheendoflastmonth,I___________twentynovels.II.用所给动词的正确时态，每空词数不限。1.Samisamusiclover.Heoften___________(play)theviolinafterschool.2.Mr.Liuisnotathome.He___________(have)ameetingatthemoment.3.I___________(work)atthisfactorysinceIleftschoolfiveyearsago.4.Lisa___________(watch)amoviewithherfriendyesterday.5.ItoldmyunclethatI___________(visit)himthenextSunday.6.HanMei___________(can)rideabikewhenshe___________(be)ten.7.Where'sJohn?He___________(play)basketballontheplayground.8.Mr.White___________(be)illforthreedays.9.I___________(watch)TVat9lastnight.10.Frank___________(help)hismotherwithhouseworkonSundays.11.I___________(bee)amiddleschoolstudentthreeyearsago.12.Hello!MayIspeaktoyourfather,please?Sorry,myfather___________(go)toShanghai.Hewenttherethismorning.13.What’sthenoise?Janeandhersister___________(watch)TV.14.They___________(have)eggsandbreadforbreakfasttomorrowmorning.15.It___________(cost)muchtolivehere?16.Theteacherlookedatthecleanclassroomandsaidwe___________(do)agoodjob.17.TheSmiths___________(change)greatlyinthelasttwoyears.18.Heheardhersingingloudlyinthenextroom,sohe___________(read)inaloudervoice.19.WhenI___________(get)tothecinema,thefilm___________(be)onfortenminutes.20.Theteachersaidthatthemoon___________(go)roundtheearth.21.Listen!They___________(talk)aboutthenewfilm.22.Hissister___________(marry)adoctoronMay1st,2019.23.Thereporter___________(interview)thelittleboyjustnow.24.We___________(study)Englishforaboutthreeyears.25.Mybrother___________(join)thearmyin1997.26.Thefarmers___________(pick)appleswhenIsawthem.27.Mysister___________(be)astudentandshestudiesatamiddleschoolnearby.28.Mr.Green___________(travel)toseveralplacesinSouthChinasincehecamehere.29.You___________(catch)theearlybusifyougetupearly.30.I___________(stay)therefortwomonthslastyear.III.完成句子，每空词数不限。1.Theteacherandthestudents________________(与……相处得好)eachotherlastterm.2.I________________(花光)allmymoneyyesterday,soIcan'tbuyapresentformysister.3.Look!Somechildren________________(放风筝)inthepark.4.Ourteacher________________(分发)thesenewbookstoustomorrow.5.Myparents________________(生……的气)mebecauseIfailedtheEnglishexamagain.6.John________________(参加)thesportsmeetingyesterday.7.He________________(打)tohispenpalwhenIgottohishouseyesterday.8.We________________(去过)Shanghaitwice.阅读短文，用所给动词的适当时态填空。AWildanimals_____________(be)importanttous.Weshould_____________(take)goodcareofthem.Butsomepeoplestilldon’trealizetheimportanceofprotectingthem.They._____________(kill)wildanimalsforfoodandotherthings.Everydaymanywildanimalsarekilled.Solotsofwildanimals_____________(die)out.Wecan’t_____________(see)themanymore.Todaythenumberofwildanimals_____________(bee)smallerandsmaller.Ifpeopledon’tprotectthem,theywilldieout.Ifthis_____________(go)on,therewillbenoanimalsleftontheearth.Luckily,manypeople_____________(begin)torealizetheimportanceofprotectingwildanimals.They_____________(ask)otherstostopkillingwildanimals.Theyteachothersabouttheimportanceofprotectingwildanimals.Nowmanycountries_____________(make)somelawstoprotectwildanimalsandtostoppeoplefromkillingthem.Protectingwildanimals_____________(be)thedutyofeachofus.Weshould_____________(do)ourbesttoprotectthembecauseprotectingthemisprotectingourselves.BI_____________(be)thecaptain（船长）ofashipinaMarinePoliceStation.I_____________(be)thereforeightyears.Ilovetheseabecauseofthecoolseawinds,thefreshsmelloftheseaandthebeautifulsight.Ialso_____________(want)tocatchbadguys（家伙）soIjoinedtheMarinePoliceStationtodowhatIlove.Oneday,I_____________(be)outonaboatwithsomeofmyfriends.IhadadayoffandtheMarinePoliceStation_____________(allow)ustousethesailboattohaveatrip.We_____________(go)fishing.Onourwayback,I_____________(see)ashipwiththenamePSSPollu.It_____________(pour)oilintothesea.Iwasverysurprised.I_____________(pick)upaloudspeakerandshouted"Stopyourpollutionatonceandfollowusbacktoshore(海岸)!"ButPSSPollu_____________(decide)torunaway.Sowewentafteritbuttheshiptoofastforus.We_____________(can)notcatchit.SowecalledtheMarineStationatonceand_____________(ask)forhelp.Twofastmarineboats_____________(be)sentandsoon_____________(catch)upwithPSSPollu.They_____________(had)nochoicebuttostop.Sixmarinepolicemen_____________(jump)ontoPSSPolluand_____________(discover)thatitwascarryingsmuggledcigaret