山东大学《物理化学》2017-2018学年期末试卷

学院专业级学院专业级学号姓名 2017-2018学年Fall学期FinalExamofPhysicalChemistGasconstantR=8.314Jmol-1K-1;FaradayconstantF=ATTENTION:Pleasewriteallyouranswe得分阅卷人1.Choosethebestanswerforthefollowingquestionsusingacircle(3pointsforeachquestion,totally30points)[1-1]Whichofthefollowingphysicalparametersdecreaseswith(A)Arrheniusactivationenergy;(B)Conductivityofelectrolyte(C)Surfacetensionofwater;(D)mobilityofFe(OH)3colloidalparticle.[1-2]Whichofthefollowingstatementsisincorrec(A)Whencontactang(B)(B)Thehigherthesurfacetensionofsolid/liquid,thebetterthewettabilityofliquid;(C)Whencontactangleishigherthan9(D)Thesmallerthesurfacetensionofsolid/gasinterface,thelessthewettabilityofliquid.[1-3]Whichofthefollowingreactionshowsanoptimalpressureforrea(A)PhotolysisofO3;(C)CatalyzedhydrogenationofethylenefollowingtheLangmuir-Ridealmechanism;(D)Catalyzedsynthesisof(D)CatalyzedsynthesisofammoniafollowingtheLangmuir-Hinshelwoodmech[1-4]FormeasuringZetapotentialofFe(OH)3colloidalparticle,whichofthefollowingmeasurescanimprovetheaccur(A)Increasevoltageandtemperature;(B)Decreasevoltageandincrease(C)Increasevoltageandlowertemperature;(D)lowerbothvolta[1-5]Atconstanttemperatureandvolume,theA(g)+B(g)→c(g)(Qv)is50.0kJmol-1,thentheactivaA(g)+B(g)→c(g)[1-6]Forelectrolyticsolutions,whichofthefollowingstatementsispossiblyinco(A)Insolventwithlesspermittivity(介(B)Thesolvationofionsdecreaseswithincreasingtemperature;(C)Ionsalwaysassociates(C)Ionsalwaysassociates(D)Solvationcanincreasetheapparentconcentrationofthmeanactivitycoefficientofthe[1-7]whichisnotnecessaryforpreparationof(A)Lowsolubilityofthesolid;(B)Highviscosityofdispersionmedium(C)Presenceofsuitablestabilizer;(D)Lowconcentrationofthesolutions[1-8]HIcandecomposeuponradiationusinglightwithwavelengefficiencyis2.Ifwewantofdecompose1molHI,[1-9]Forunitcharge,w[1-10]Whichofthefollowingmethodisthebestf(A)Flowmethod;(B)Stop-flo(C)Photolysismethod;(D)Relaxationm学院专业级学号姓名学院专业级学号姓名 2017-2018学年Fall学期得分阅卷人III.Givebriefanswertothef[3-1][12points]tertiarybutylalcohol（特thechangeofconcentrationoftertiarybutylbromide(c)inanacetone(丙酮)ratedoesnotchangedwithwatercontent.(1)Givetherateequationofthisreaction.[2points](2)Proposeapossiblemechanismandpointoutthepossiblerate-determiningstepthatcansatisfactorilyexplaintheexperimentalphe(3)Thisreactioncanbephenomenon.得分阅卷人[2-2]Amongthefollowingelectrochemicalcouples,writetherea[2-3]Whenweplugahydrophriseinthecapillary.Whatkindofmeasurecanwetaketoincreasetheheightcapillary?GivethesemeasuresasmanyaspossibleandgiveeAddAddsaltinwater;Improvethehydrophilicityoftheglasscapillary.[2-4]Foragaseousbimolecularreaction,th[2-5]Athighelectrolapproacheszero.Atthiscondition,__HelmholtzstructureofelectricdoublelayerofAgIcolloidalparticle.meansthatthecolloidalparticlesinthissolis[2-8]At298K,thedependenceofsu学院专业级学号姓名学院专业级学号姓名 2017-2018学年Fall学期Ea=(1)Accordingtotheunitofrateconstant,itisasecondorderreaction.thetemperaturedependenceofreactionrateisItwasfoundthatthereactionorderdidnotchangedurin(1)Writetherateequationofthisreacti(2)At673.15KinareactioncontainerwithfixedvCalculatethetimeforthepressurebecoming31997Pa;[Hint:finp](3)Calculatetheactivationenergyandpre-exponentialfactorofthisreaction.[4-2][12points]ForPt(s),H2(g,0.1MPa)|NaOH(aq.)|HgO(s)|Hg(l)(4)CanthisreactionbeacceleratedbyincreasingionicstrengthofthesNo,itcannot.Becausetonontheactivityofneutralmolecules.[3-2][10points]At298K,whenweusePbascathodetoelectrolyze..ItisknownthattheTafelconstant,whcurrentdensitycorrespondingtocoefficient(计量系数)ofthereaction.(1)Writetheelectrodereactionoccurringon(2)Ifthiselectrodereactionisfirst-orderwithrespe(k0/ms-1)ofthereaction.Canthelargeoverpotentialofhydrogenevolutattributedtoslow-dischargeorslow-recombinationj0=6.43-14Acm-2(3)Calculatethepotentialofhydrogenevolution(析出电势)atj=0.001A