新教材适用2024-2025学年高中英语Unit2MoralsandVirtuesSectionⅣ写作指导夯基提能作业新人教版必修第三册

UNIT2SectionⅣⅠ.阅读理解(2024·全国乙卷)PRACTITIONERSJacquelineFelicedeAlmania(c.1322)highlightsthesuspicionthatwomenpracticingmedicinefaced.BorntoaJewishfamilyinFlorence,shemovedtoPariswheresheworkedasaphysicianandperformedsurgery.In1322shewastriedforpracticingunlawfully.Inspiteofthecourthearingtestimonials(证明)ofherabilityasadoctor,shewasbannedfrommedicine.JamesBarry(c.1789—1865)wasbornMargaretBulkleyinIrelandbut,dressedasaman,shewasacceptedbyEdinburghUniversitytostudymedicine.Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813,thenjoinedtheBritishArmy,servingoverseas.Barryretiredin1859,havingpracticedherentiremedicalprofessionlivingandworkingasaman.TanYunxian(1461—1554)wasaChinesephysicianwholearnedherskillsfromhergrandparents.Chinesewomenatthetimecouldnotserveapprenticeships(学徒期)withdoctors.However,Tanpassedtheofficialexam.Tantreatedwomenfromallwalksoflife.In1511,Tanwroteabook,SayingsofaFemaleDoctor,describingherlifeasaphysician.RebeccaLeeCrumpler(1831—1895)workedasanurseforeightyearsbeforestudyinginmedicalcollegeinBostonin1860.Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.ShemovedtoVirginiain1865,wheresheprovidedmedicalcaretofreedslaves.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位从医人员的生平与事迹。1．WhatdidJacquelineandJameshaveincommon？CA．Doingteachingjobs.B．Beinghiredasphysicians.C．Performingsurgery.D．Beingbannedfrommedicine.解析：细微环节理解题。通过文章第一部分中的“BorntoaJewishfamilyinFlorence,shemovedtoPariswheresheworkedasaphysicianandperformedsurgery.(她诞生于佛罗伦萨的一个犹太家庭，搬到巴黎当医生并做外科手术)”以及其次部分中的“Shequalifiedasasurgeonin1813(她获得了做外科医生的资格)”和“Barryretiredin1859,havingpracticedherentiremedicalprofessionlivingandworkingasaman.(Barry于1859年退休，她以男人的身份生活和工作，从事了整个医学职业)”可知，Jacqueline和James的共同点是都有资格进行外科手术。故选C。2．HowwasTanYunxiandifferentfromtheotherpractitioners？AA．Shewroteabook.B．Shewentthroughtrials.C．Sheworkedasadentist.D．Shehadformaleducation.解析：推理推断题。通读全文，再依据文章第三部分中的“Tanwroteabook,SayingsofaFemaleDoctor,describingherlifeasaphysician.(Tan写了一本书《女医生的故事》，描述了她作为一名医生的生活)”可推知，Tan与其他从业人员的不同之处在于她写了一本书。故选A。3．WhowasthefirstAfricanAmericanwithamedicaldegree？DA．JacquelineFelicedeAlmania.B．TanYunxian.C．JamesBarry.D．RebeccaLeeCrumpler.解析：细微环节理解题。通过文章第四部分中的“Fouryearslater,shewasthefirstAfricanAmericanwomantoreceiveamedicaldegree.(四年后，她成为第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国女性)”可知，RebeccaLeeCrumpler是第一位获得医学学位的非裔美国人。故选D。Ⅱ.七选五依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2024·辽宁省重点中学沈阳市郊联体高一联考)HowtoChangetheWorldTherearesomanythingsyoucandoathomeorinyourcommunitytomaketheworldabetterplace.Eventhesmallestthingscanleadtobiggerchanges,sodon'tbeafraidtogetoutthereandstarthelping.1.CNomatterwhereyouareorwhomyoumeet,givethemawarmsmilewhenyou'rearoundthem.Whenyousmile,youmaketheotherpersonfeelgoodandencouragethemtosmiletoo.You'veprobablyfeltwarmwhensomeonesayssomethingniceaboutyou,sowhynotreturnthefavor?Saysomethingthatshowsyourappreciationforhowtheyhandlethemselvesemotionallyortreatotherpeople.Makesureyouactsincerelywhenyougiveyourpraisesoyoucomeacrossasatruthfulperson.2.BItcanbereallyeasytogetjealous(嫉妒的)ofotherpeoplewhentheysucceed,butit'salotmorerewardingtosharetheirexcitement.Avoidcomparingyourselftootherpeopleandthinkingofwaysyoucanbebetterthanthem.3.FEventhoughbeingkindtosomeonedoesn'tseemlikeyou'remakingabigchange,yourkindnesswillcontinuetospreadthroughthem.Realkindnessinvolvesbeingfriendlyandconsideratenomatterwhatthecircumstanceswere.4.DForexample,ifyouseesomeonestrugglingtocarrygroceries,youcanoffertohelpthemtotheirvehicle.Whenpeoplelitter,therubbishendsupintheenvironmentanddamagesthenaturalwildlife.5.GYoumayenduppickingrubbishupfromabeach,cleaninguparoundhighways,orcollectingwastefrompublicparks.A．Butdothingsbecauseyou'reactuallyinterestedinthem.B．Evenafewsmallkindwordscanhaveahugeeffectonthem.C．Evenflashingaquicksmilecanbrightensomeoneelse'sday.D．Stayawareofthepeoplearoundyouandlookforopportunitiestohelpthem.E．Remembertotreatyourselfkindlyaswellsoyoutakegoodcareofyourmentalhealth.F．Instead,reallylookatwhatthey'veaccomplishedandappreciatetheworkthey'vedone.G．Searchonlinetoseeifthereareclean-upprogramsinyourcityandworkasavolunteer.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人们可以变更世界的几件小事。解析：1.依据下文“Nomatterwhereyou...aroundthem.(无论你在哪里，遇到谁，当你在他们四周时，给他们一个热忱的微笑。)”可知，作者建议人们微笑。C项(甚至是快速的一个微笑也会让他人兴奋一天。)引出下文。故选C。2.依据上文“You'veprobablyfeltwarm...returnthefavor？(当某个人跟你说一些善意的话时，你可能感到很暖和，那么，为什么不回报别人呢？)”可知，作者建议人们多说善意的话。B项(甚至几句善意的话就能对他们有很大的影响。)承接上文。故选B。3.依据上文“Itcan...sharetheirexcitement.(当别人胜利时，很简单会嫉妒，但是共享他们的兴奋会更有意义。)”可知，作者是在建议要学会共享别人的胜利。F项(相反，要真正的看到他们的成就并且观赏他们的工作。)承接上文。故选F。4.依据下文“Forexample,ifyou...totheirvehicle.(比如，假如你看到某个人拿东西很吃力，你可以帮忙把东西拿到他们的车上。)”可知，作者建议人们要帮助身边人。D项(要多关注你四周的人并且找机会帮助他们。)引出下文。故选D。5.依据下文“Youmayenduppicking...publicparks.(最终你或许会从沙滩上捡垃圾，清理道路或者在公园里收集废弃物。)”可知，此处讲的是垃圾清理工作。G项(上网看看，你的城市是否有清理项目，并且去做一名志愿者。)引出下文。故选G。Ⅲ.完形填空阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2024·山东省济南市高一下学期联合考试)SpreadingKindness,RockbyRock“Mom！Ifoundone！Ifoundarock！”I1.CthosewordsagainandagainlastsummerasIsatontheporchofmyhome,whichfacesaparkinthesmalltownwhereIlive.TheKindnessRocksProject,whichwasstartedafewyearsagobyamominMassachusetts,has2.Daroundtheworld.3.B,families,andadultsofallagesaretakingpart—paintingrocks,hidingrocks,andfindingpaintedrocksallovertheplace.Some4.Cphotosoftherocksonsocialmedia,andotherssimplymovetherocksforsomeoneelsetofind.Sometaketherockshomeandthen5.Athemwithnewonesthattheycreateandhide.Nine-year-oldtwinsHarryandHannahDeVriezehave6.Chundredsofrockswiththeirparents.Mostevenings,thefamilyandtheirsmalldogwalkaroundwithawagonfullof7.Bthattheyhideastheywalk.“It'safun8.Dactivity，”Hannahsays.“Wewilldoitinthewintertoo，”Harry9.A.BenBurinsky,agednine,andhisbrother,Luke,agedseven,werevisitingrelativeswhenthey10.Btheirfirstpaintedrockinapark.Theywereso11.Cthattheywenthomeandpaintedtheirownrocks,then12.Athemforotherstofind.“Myboyslovedfindingtherockinthepark,13.Dsinceitwasasuperhero，”theirmother,JudyBurinsky,says.“Ilovehowsomethingso14.Bcanbringasmiletomychildren'sfaces.Inreturn,theylearnthe15.Cofgivingbacktoothers.”文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了一位妈妈创建了“爱心石头工程”，让人们通过彩绘石头、藏石头和找石头，为自己和别人带来了快乐。1．A.whispered B．criedC．heard D．said解析：依据上文“Mom！Ifoundone！Ifoundarock！”可知，作者是一遍又一遍地听着这些话。故选C。2．A.founded B．investigatedC．claimed D．spread解析：依据下文“aroundtheworld”可知，这项工程在全世界传播开来。故选D。3．A.Girls B．KidsC．Boys D．Parents解析：依据下文“adults”可知，此处要提到孩子们。故选B。4．A.take B．enjoyC．post D．purchase解析：依据下文“photosoftherocksonsocialmedia”可知，有些人在社交媒体上发布了岩石的照片。故选C。5．A.replace B．provideC．cover D．throw解析：依据下文“withnewones”可知，这些人是用他们创建的新石头代替原来的石头。故选A。6．A.collected B．spottedC．painted D．appreciated解析：依据上文“paintingrocks”可知，本文讲解并描述的是这些人在石头上画画的事情，所以Harry(哈利)和Hannah(汉娜)是和他们的父母一起画石头。故选C。7．A.goods B．rocksC．belongings D．sand解析：依据上文“hundredsofrocks”以及下文“thattheyhideastheywalk”可知，此处指他们画的石头。故选B。8．A.child B．adultC．teenager D．family解析：依据上文“Nine-year-oldtwinsHarryandHannahDeVriezehave6hundredsofrockswiththeirparents.”可知，这是他们一家人一起做的事情，所以是家庭活动。故选D。9．A.adds B．declaresC．explains D．complains解析：依据上文“‘It'safun8activity，’Hannahsays.”可知，此句是Harry在Hannah说过之后又说的话，即补充说。故选A。10．A.placed B．foundC．returned D．sought解析：依据下文“theirfirstpaintedrockinapark”可知，9岁的BenBurinsky(本·布林斯基)和他7岁的弟弟Luke(卢克)在公园里发觉了他们画的第一块石头。故选B。11．A.discouraged B．surprisedC．excited D．disappointed解析：BenBurinsky和Luke在探望亲戚的时候在公园里发觉了Harry和Hannah画的第一块石头，所以他们应当是很兴奋的。故选C。12．A.hid B．keptC．supplied D．expected解析：依据下文“forotherstofind”可知，他们让别人去找，所以他们应当是把石头藏起来了。故选A。13．A.apparently B．confidentlyC．definitely D．especially解析：句意：他们的妈妈朱迪·布林斯基说：“我的孩子喜爱在公园找岩石，尤其是它上面是超人。”前后两分句之间是递进的关系，表示强调，意为“尤其”。故选D。14．A.diverse B．smallC．usual D．common解析：此处指作者喜爱这些小事情给孩子们带去快乐。故选B。15．A.award B．costC．value D．reward解析：依据上文“learn”以及下文“givingbacktoothers”可知，此处指孩子们从这件事中学会了回报他人的重要性。故选C。Ⅳ.语法填空阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A90-year-oldhasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”for1.being(be)Britain'soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9a．m.to5p．m.dailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield，2.whichsheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.Heryearsofhardworkhave3.finally(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire'sWomanOfTheYear.Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award，proudIrene4.declared(declare)shehadnoplans5.toretire(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.Irenesaid，“Idon'tseeanyreasontogiveupwork.IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI6.havemade(make)overtheyears.IworknotbecauseIhaveto，7.butbecauseIwantto.”GranddaughterGayleParks,31—whoworksalongsideherinthefamilybusiness—saiditremainedunknownastowhonominatedIrenefortheaward.Shesaid，“Wedon'thaveanyideawhoputgrandmaforward.Whenwegotacall8.saying(say)shewasshort-listed,wethoughtitwas9.ajoke.Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Wearesoproudofher.It's10.wonderful(wonder)．”文章大意：本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述了九十高龄的Irene作为英国最年长的全职员工，依旧在宠物店做着朝九晚五的工作，没有退休的准备，她由此被评为“年度女士”。解析：1．考查非谓语动词。依据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语。故填being。2.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为thepetshop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语。故填which。3.考查副词。依据空处位置可知，此处应用副词形式作状语，修饰谓语动词havebeenacknowledged，意为“最终得到认可”。故填finally。4.考查动词的时态。依据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，依据后文had以及said可知，用一般过去时态。故填declared。5.考查非谓语动词。此处用todosth.作后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan，表示“……的安排”。故填toretire。6.考查动词的时态。依据该定语从句中的时间状语“overtheyears”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜爱到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的挚友们。故填havemade。7.考查连词。依据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not呼应，构成“不是……而是……”之意。故填but。8．考查非谓语动词。前面已经有谓语动词call，故此处用非谓语动词形式，依据say与其逻辑主语call是主动关系。故填saying。9.考查冠词。句意：我们还以为这是一个玩笑。此处joke为