高考英语一轮复习提能训练 选修8 Module1（附解析） 外研版

【外研版创新设计】高考英语一轮复习提能训练选修8Module1DeepSouth能力闯关Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Asmallchildhastolearntokeepitsb________beforeitcanwalkfar.2．TheSouthPolehasn’tbeeni________byanyoneuptonow.3．Christmasisana________festivalformostofthepeopleintheworld.4．Itisa________foramantowearwomen’sclothes.5．Studentssoongetd________ifyoucriticizethemtoooften.6．The________(最低的)temperatureinwinterinmyhometownisupto－20℃.7．Medicalassistanceisavailableincaseofan________(紧急情况)．8．Itwasa________(荣幸)tomakehisacquaintance.9．The________(缺乏)ofcolorinthatdrawingmakesitdull.10．Asanewteacher，Susantriedto________(促进)goodfeelingsbetweenstudentsandher.答案：1.balance2.inhabited3.annual4.abnormal5.discouraged6.minimum7.emergency8．moteⅡ.单项填空1．Thebombexploded，________victimsinthebuilding.A．trappedB．trappingC．beingtrappedD．havingtrapped解析：句意：“炸弹爆炸了，受害者被困在大楼里。”现在分词作结果状语，“trapsb.in...”。答案：B2．Anewcinema________here.Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.A．willbebuiltB．isbuiltC．hasbeenbuiltD．isbeingbuilt解析：Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.一句已表明“新电影院未完工”，且因cinema与build之间存在被动关系，所以应用被动语态的进行时形式。答案：D3．________madetheschoolproudwas________morethan90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.A．What；becauseB．What；thatC．That；whatD．That；because解析：what引导主语从句，在主语从句中作主语；that引导表语从句，在表语从句中起连接作用。答案：B4．Itis________thatsomanyyoungathletesarecomingintotheteam.A．encouragingB．discouragingC．encouragedD．discouraged解析：由句意推断“如此多的年轻运动员加入进来”应该是“令人鼓舞的”。答案：A5．________inherbestclothes，thegirltriedtomakeherself________attheparty.A．Dressed；noticedB．Dressing；tobenoticedC．Getdressed；noticedD．Dressing；noticing解析：dress与句子主语thegirl之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式作状语；makeoneselfnoticed意为“使自己被注意”。答案：A6．Theemployee________toimpressthecompanywithhisclevernessandpromptness.A．setaboutB．setoutC．setoffD．setup解析：句意为：职员力图给公司留下聪明和敏捷的印象。答案：B7．Thenewcomersfounditimpossibleto________themselvestotheclimatesufficientlytomakepermanenthomesinthenewcountry.A．suitB．adaptC．regulateD．relate解析：句意为：这些新来者发现，在这个新国家要完全适应这儿的气候以永久定居下来是不可能的。adaptoneselfto使自己适应；suit(1)合某人意；(2)衣服款式(色彩)适合某人；(3)使适合于(口味、兴趣、工作)；regulatev．(用法律)掌管；控制(机器、设备)；调节；relate...to把……联系到一起。答案：B8．Does________matterifhecan’tfinishthejobontime?A．thisB．thatC．heD．it解析：句中的真正主语是if引导的从句，it作形式主语。答案：DⅢ.翻译句子1．大学课程能够帮助你找到好工作或得到晋级。(promote)________________________________________________________________________2．从未有人踏上过那座孤岛。(setfooton)________________________________________________________________________3．她被困在燃烧着的房子里了。(trap)________________________________________________________________________4．政府将采取限制在城市使用汽车的措施。(discourage)________________________________________________________________________5．这机器是为水下使用而特别改装的。(adaptfor)________________________________________________________________________答案：1.Acollegecoursecanhelpyoufindgoodworkorgetpromoted.2．Nobodyhaseversetfootonthelonelyisland.3．Shewastrappedintheburninghouse.4．Thegovernmentwilltakemeasurestodiscouragetheuseofcarsincities.5．Thismachinehasbeenspeciallyadaptedforunderwateruse.Ⅳ.阅读理解Now，it’stimeforsomebriefnewsitems.TeensGoOnlineSome13millionEuropeanchildrenunder18usetheInternetforschoolwork，gamesandmusicaccordingtoaresearchdonebyNielsen’s“Net­rating”．ThestudycoveredBritain，Germany，France，ItalyandSpain.Expertsadvisedparentstolimitthetimetheirkidsspendonlineandkeepthemawayfromchatrooms.ChattotheMagicMumBritishauthorJ．K.Rowling，motherofthemagicboyHarryPotter，willdoanInternetinterviewabouthernewbookHarryPotterandtheHalf­BloodPrinceonJune26.Beforetheevent，childrenareinvitedtosendtheirquestionsaboutHarryPottertothewebsite.ThebookwillhitstoresintheUSandUKonJune21andwillarriveinChinainAugust.SchoolSoldiersRussianschoolstudentswillhavetodobasicmilitarytrainingintheirfinalyearofschool，thegovernmenthasdecided.Thelessonwillincludelearningtofireguns，marchingdrillsandhowtodealwithachemical，nuclearorbiologicalattack.Theactivityisseenaspartofadrivetowardtheeducationoftheirlovefortheircountry.Orlando，________Isithardforyoutogetupearlyandgetreadyforclasses？SomestudentsatWinterParkHighSchooljustrolloutofbedintheirpajamas(睡衣)andgotoclassintheirownbedrooms.Ofcourse，theirteachersandclassmatesdonotseethembecausealltheirclassworkisonthecomputer.TheFloridaHighSchoolThestate’sonlyonlineschoolhas250studentswhoaretakingclassesathomebycomputer.Studentsinthisfirstonlineprogramtakeclassesinalgebra，Americangovernment，chemistry，computer，economics，andwebpagedesign.Theyalsohavetogotoregularschooltoattendotherclasses.【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章列举了几个有关学生活动的新闻话题：青少年上网、和有魔力的妈妈谈话、校园战士、奥兰多的网上学校以及佛罗里达州高中。【长难句分析】BritishauthorJ．K.Rowling，motherofthemagicboyHarryPotter，willdoanInternetinterviewabouthernewbookHarryPotterandtheHalf­BloodPrinceonJune26.该句中的“motherofthemagicboyHarryPotter”是对前面主语的进一步说明，作同位语；谓语部分“doanInternetinterviewabout”意为“就……进行网上见面”。句意：英国作家J.K.罗琳，魔法男孩哈里·波特的“妈妈”，将于6月26日与网友见面，谈论有关她的新书《哈里·波特与混血王子》的情况。1．Inthefirstnewsitem，whichcountryisNOTcoveredintheresearch?A．Britain.B．France.C．Sweden.D．Spain.解析：是非选择题。根据第一段中的“ThestudycoveredBritain，Germany，France，ItalyandSpain.”可知，文中没有提到Sweden，所以C项为正确答案。答案：C2．WhywillRussianschoolstudentshavebasicmilitarytraining?A．Togetreadyforamilitaryparade.B．Tolearntoprotectthemselves.C．Togainsomemilitaryknowledge.D．Todeveloptheirloveforthecountry.解析：细节理解题。结合SchoolSoldiers这一部分中的“Theactivityisseenaspartofadriveowardtheeducationoftheirlovefortheircountry.”可知，政府要求他们进行军训是为了培养他们的爱国热情。答案：D3.ThenewsfromOrlandocanbegivenatitle“________”．A．GetUpLateB．OnlineSchoolC．MagicalComputersD．NoTeachers解析：细节理解题。Orlando，________这一部分中的“Ofcourse，theirteachersandclassmatesdonotseethembecausealltheirclassworkisonthecomputer.”说明他们是通过网络学习的，故其新闻标题为“网上学校”最佳。答案：B4．AbouttheFloridaHighSchool，whichofthesestatementsistrue?A．Someofthestudentshavetoattendclassesathomeinsteadofintheschool.B．Therearealtogether250studentswhotakeclassesintheclassrooms.C．Asthestate’sonlyonlineschool，ithas250studentswhotakeclassesbycomputer.D．Studentscan’ttakeclassesinalgebra，Americangovernment，chemistry，computerandsoon.解析：是非判断题。根据TheFloridaHighSchool这一部分中的“Thestate’sonlyonlineschoolhas250studentswhoaretakingclassesathomebycomputer.”可知，C项的意思和文意相符。答案：C5．Whatisthesecondnewsitemmainlyabout?A．J.K.RowlingwillhaveanInternetinterview.B．ChildrenwillmeetHarryPotter’smother.C．TheHarryPotterbookwillbeavailableontheInternet.D．TheHarryPotterbookwillarriveinChinainearlyJune.解析：段意归纳题。根据标题ChattotheMagicMum及文章的相关内容可知，J.K.Rowling要进行一次网络访谈。答案：A

英语文化憩园(教师用书独具)英语脱口秀怎样用英语来点菜呢？下面我们一起来学习用地道的英语点菜吧。【常用句型】*预定餐馆一般情况下，去饭店之前要预约：1．A：Hello,thisistheParkRestaurant.MayIhelpyou?B：I’dliketomakeareservationforeightpeopleat6∶00tonight.A：Howmanyinyourgroup?B：Weareagroupofeight./I’dliketoreserveatableforeight.A：OK.2．A：I’msorry.Weareallbookeduptonight./I’msorry.Wearequitefulltonight.B：Howlongdowehavetowait?3．I’msorry,butIhavetocancelmyreservation.*点菜1．如果要直接点菜，可以这么说：MayIhaveamenu,please?MayIorderaglassofbeer?Whatkindsofdessertsdoyouhave?I’dliketohavesomeorange.Pleasegivemethisone.2．如果对当地的菜肴不熟悉，通常这么问：Whatisthespecialityoftherestaurant?Doyouhaveanyspecialmealstoday?Whatwouldyourecommend?Iprefersomethinglight.3．可以让同来的人替你点菜，或者点和别人一样的菜：Iwillleaveittoyou.Iwillhavethesameasthatone.4．需要叫菜时，可以这么说：Pleasetakemyorder.5．如果不急于点菜时，可以这么说：CouldIhaveafewmoreminutes?*饭桌上可以这么评价菜：Itsmellsgood./Itlooksgreat./Thislooksdelicious./Mymouthiswatering.Itdoesn’ttastegood.Itisspicy./It’shot./It’ssalty./It’ssweet./It’stoogreasy./It’stoooily.I’mveryfull./Icouldn’teatanotherbite./Ihavehadenough.*付款可以采用不同的方式来结账：Doyouaccept/takecreditcards?Bill,please./WhereshouldIpay?It’sonme./Thisismytreat./I’llpayforit./I’lltreatyou.Let’sspiltthebill./Let’sdividethecost./We’dliketopayseparately.Keepthechange./MayIhaveareceipt(发票),please?【小试身手】补全对话：从A、B、C和D中选择适当的句子完成对话。Woman：Thisisareallyexpensiveplace.________Man：Don’tworryaboutthat.It’sonme.Waiter：Goodafternoon.________Man：Justthetwoofus.Waiter：Allright.Followmeplease.Hereisourmenuwiththespecialslistedontheright.Iwouldespeciallyrecommendthelobstersteak.Thelobsterisveryfresh.Woman：IthinkIwilljusthavethesoupandsalad,please.Man：Whatareyoutalkingabout?Whydon’twebothgettwolobstersteaks?Itsoundsgreat.Waiter,we’dliketwolobstersteaks.Waiter：Yes,sir.________Woman：Mediumrare,please.Waiter：Andyou,sir?Man：Iwillhavethesameashers.Waiter：Anythingtodrinktoday?Man：Yes.Ibelievewewillhavetwoglassesofyourbestredwine.Waiter：________Man：Yes,thankyou.A．Howwouldyoulikeyoursteakdone?B．Howmanypeopletoday?C．Verygood,wouldthatbeall?D．Areyousureyouwanttoeathere?Keys：DBAC与感恩节有关的英语词汇TalkTurkey：打开窗户说亮话，严肃谈某事相传在北美殖民时期，一个白人和一个印第安人去打猎，事先说好了平分打到的猎物。结果一天下来只打到一只火鸡和一只鹧鸪。白人心里想要火鸡，但又不敢直接说，于是对印第安人说：“如果你想要火鸡，就拿去吧！鹧鸪虽小一些，味道却很鲜美；如果你喜欢鹧鸪，我就拿火鸡了。”印第安人一听就明白了，于是针锋相对地说：“你一直讲火鸡，现在让我也讲讲火鸡吧！”于是talkturkey演变成了“打开窗户说亮话，谈正经事，坦诚地说话”的意思了。如：1.Ifyouarewillingtotalkturkey,theproblembetweenuscanbeeasilysettled.如果你愿意实实在在地说话，那么我们之间的问题就可以很容易地解决。2.Generallyheisaneasy­goingperson,butwhenitcomestoreligiousbeliefhetalksturkey.一般来说，他是一个随和的人，但一谈到宗教信仰，他就正经起来。haveaturkeyon(one’s)back喝醉酒redasturkeycock气得满面通红swelllikeaturkeycock气势汹汹的发作Thanksgivingdinner感恩节正餐Thanksgivingturkey感恩节火鸡中国小吃，外国菜名中式早点：烧饼clayovenrolls；油条friedbreadstick；韭菜盒friedleekdumplings；水饺boileddumplings；蒸饺steameddumplings；馒头steamedbuns；饭团riceandvegetableroll；蛋饼eggcakes；皮蛋100yearegg；咸鸭蛋saltedduckegg；豆浆soybeanmilk饭类：稀饭riceporridge；白饭plainwhiterice；油饭glutinousoilrice；糯米饭glutinousrice；卤肉饭braisedporkrice；蛋炒饭friedricewithegg面类：馄钝面wonton&noodles；刀削面slicednoodles；麻辣面spicyhotnoodles；麻酱面sesamepastenoodles汤类：鱼丸汤fishballsoup；贡丸汤meatballsoup；蛋花汤egg&vegetablesoup；紫菜汤seaweedsoup；酸辣汤hot&soursoup；馄饨汤wontonsoup大排档趣味英语翻译烤串成了大家爱吃的街边美味，如果把烤串翻译成英文，还是比较有趣的，如果和你的国外朋友去吃烤串，不妨参考以下翻译。肉串Skewer(lamb)肉筋Tendon(lamb)板筋Tendon(beef)脆骨Cartilage鸡心Chickenhearts烧饼Griddlesavourycake小腰Smallkidney(lamb)馒头片Crispybunslices鸡翅Chickenwing大腰子Bigkidney(lamb)骨肉相连Cartilage&chicken传统中文菜名的爆笑英文翻译语言之间的互译本来就不是容易的事，要再碰上点本国特有的文化，简直有点翻译不通。直译绝对行不通，意译又导致语义不明确。如何在这两者之间求取一个平衡，就成了非常难搞定的事儿。想当年的鲁迅先生，虽然文才了得，但在翻译这上头，也做了个不尴不尬。可见翻译绝非易事啊。中国的饮食文化堪称一绝，许多烹饪方法与食材都是外国人闻所未闻见所未见的。所以在菜名的翻译上，常常有笑话产生。前几年称北京旅游局对外发布了一个《中文菜名英文译法》，将大部分的中文菜名英文译法统一起来，在各大饭店推广，以便外国游客能真的看懂看全。这也算一件好事。具体到每个译法上看，有些菜名的翻译虽然是委屈求全，但要求更好恐怕也有点强人所难了。毕竟，语言文化上很多精髓都是只可意会不可言传的。下面就拿一些常见的菜名来看看。1.直译类，这类比较简单锅贴potsticker(这个翻译非常直接，锅就是锅，贴就是贴)酸辣汤hot&soursoup(又辣又酸的汤)春卷springrolls(春天的卷)柠檬牛肉lemonbeef炒杂菜mixedvegetable(混合在一起的菜)叫化鸡beggarschicken(乞丐鸡)四喜丸子fourjoymeatballs(四个快乐的肉球)清蒸鱼steamfish火锅hotpot(热锅)烤鸭roastedduck可以看到以上一些翻译，没有涉及文化内涵，而仅仅涉及制作方法或者口味的，似乎比较容易成功，而类似“四喜丸子”这样的菜名译法，看起来令人忍俊不禁。2．音译类馄饨wonton叉烧charshiu炒面chowmein捞面lomein炒河粉chowfun豆腐tofu麻婆豆腐marbohtofu从这类翻译中我们可以看出中国文化远走他乡，在异国生根，被异国文化所包容接纳的一面。3．曲译类中国菜名中一些非常有诗意的元素，用英文实在无法体现出来。白云凤爪chickenleg(鸡脚)四宝豆腐羹steamtofusoup(蒸豆腐汤)游龙戏凤chicken,shrimp,squid/mixedvegetable(鸡，虾，鱿鱼，杂菜)炒素丁vegetableroll(菜卷子)鸳鸯馒头shanghaibuns(上海馒头)雪哈红莲birdnestredbeansoup(鸟窝红豆汤)百年好合redbeanfreshlilybulb(红豆百合茎)在以上菜名中，有一些综合了中国历史、戏曲、民俗等方面的内容于一身，用英文根本无法传递其中复杂的内涵，于是只好用所采用的食材来予以替代。而部分食材例如燕窝，英文翻译为“鸟窝，鸟巢”，则让人觉得非常难以接受。其实在翻译菜名的过程中，专家已经将其分别归类，大概可以分为这么几种：第一，以主料开头。如“lemonbeef”。第二，以烹饪方法开头，如“roastedduck”。第三，以口感开头，如“crispychicken”。第四，以人名或地名开头，如“mabohtofu”。有一些菜名相对于从前的翻译，已经有了很大的进步，一些创造性的译法，也让人感觉到了一丝幽默。比如“田园素小炒”成了“让素食主义者高兴的菜”。形影不离的名词词组1．kingandqueen国王和王后Insidethepyramidaretheroomsforthebodiesofthekingsandqueens.金字塔内是国王和王后的墓室。2．knifeandfork一副刀叉Myfat