杭州市重点中学高三第一次模拟考试新高考英语试卷及答案解析

杭州市重点中学高三第一次模拟考试新高考英语试卷注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Today'shomeworkwaseasy_______soIfinisheditquicklyandwentouttoplay． A．tobedone B．done C．doing D．todo2．—Howisthetestthatyoutookyesterday?—Unfortunately,notevenoneofthehundredstudentswhotookthetest______passed.A．hasB．haveC．areD．is3．—NextMondayismybirthday.—Isthatso?______A．Ican’tbelievemyears.

B．I’msogladtohearthat.C．Whatpresentsdoyouwant?

D．Manyhappyreturnsoftheday!4．Theweatherturnedouttobefine.I_____________thetroubletocarrytheumbrellawithme.A．shouldhavetaken B．musthavetakenC．couldn'thavetaken D．needn'thavetaken5．youstarteatinginahealthierway,weightcontrolwillbecomemucheasier.A．Unless B．AlthoughC．Before D．Once6．—Vivien,youlookblue.What’swrong?—Therearesomanypapers_____.I’mreallybusyrecently.A．finishB．tofinishC．finishingD．finished7．—Don’tmakeaspecialjourneytopickupthelaundryforme.—It’sOK.I________totheshopanyway.A．wasgoingB．willhavegoneC．havegoneD．willbegoing8．Ifthenewsecuritysystem______intoeffect,suchaccidentswouldneverhavehappened.A．wouldbeput B．wereput C．shouldbeput D．hadbeenput9．Wethetopofthemountainbutforthisawfulweather．Itrainedallday．A．willreach B．wouldreach C．havereached D．wouldhavereached10．________makesourschoolfamousis________morethan90%ofthestudentshavebeenadmittedtouniversities.A．What;that B．That;becauseC．That;what D．What;because11．Theboyishavingafever.You’dbetterdampatowelandlayit______hisforehead.A．acrossB．withinC．throughD．beyond12．Hehaswrittentwoarticlesforthejournal，onetobepublishedinthisissue，theotherto___________inthenext.A．turnout B．comeoutC．bringout. D．leaveout13．Thevillageevolvedintoamajore-commercecenter,and_____thepast,thevillagersowedtheirsuccesstothereformandopening-uppolicy.A．reviewedB．reviewingC．toreviewD．beingreviewed14．ThatwasaverybusystreetthatIwasneverallowedtocrossaccompaniedbyanadult.A．when B．if C．unless D．where15．Heisverytired，soheneedssometime________dutyforrelaxationandrest.A．through B．onC．with D．off16．Mysummercampisn’tgoodfun,butitisreallearningexperienceforme.A．a;/ B．the;a C．/;a D．a;the17．Eventually,shehasrecognized____,whateverhappensandhoweverbad____seemstoday,lifestillgoesonandeverythingwillbebettertomorrow．A．that;it B．it;that C．it;what D．that;what18．I____aboutwhatyou’vesaidandI’vedecidedtotakeyouradvice.A．thought B．havebeenthinkingC．wasthinking D．hadthought19．Advertisingisdifferentfromotherformsofcommunicationinthattheadvertiserpaysforthemessage.A．todeliver B．delivered C．tobedelivered D．delivering20．—Ouch,mum!Afishbonehasstuckinmyteeth!—______,Lucy.Iamcoming.A．TakeyourtimeB．HelpyourselfC．Don’tbotherD．Takeiteasy第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Watchingwhatyoueatcanbeeasiersaidthandone,butarecentstudyshowsitmightnotjustbeaboutwhat'sonyourplate—itcouldbeabouthowquicklyitdisappears.Japaneseresearchersfollowed1,083adultsforfiveyears,splittingthemintothreecategoriesbasedonhowquicklytheyate:slow,normal,andfast.Theyalsoansweredaquestionnaireatthebeginningofthestudy,sharingtheirdiet,physicalactivity,andmedicalhistory.Inthebeginning,noneofthevolunteershadmetabolicsyndrome(新陈代谢综合征)-meaningatleastthreeriskfactors—whichcanleadtohealthproblemslikeheartconditionsanddiabetes.Whentheparticipantsreportedbackfiveyearslater,84hadbeendiagnosed(诊断)withmetabolicsyndrome—andtheireatingspeedwasamajorpredictor,accordingtotheresultsinthejournalCirculation.Thefasteaterswere89percentmorelikelytohavemetabolicsyndromethanslowandnormaleaters.Just2.3percentofsloweatersreceivedthediagnosis,comparedto11.6percentoffasteaters.Butthat'snotall.Fasteatersalsosawmoreweightgain,largerwaistlines,andhigherbloodsugarlevelsthansloweaters.Theresearcherssaygobblingmakesiteasiernottotakenoticeoffullnessbeforeyourbodyhasachancetosignalyoutostop.“Sowhenpeopleeatfasttheyaremorelikelytoovereat,”saidTakayukiYamaji,MD,studyauthorandcardiologistatHiroshimaUniversityinJapaninastatement.Previousresearchbacksuptheweightbenefitsofsloweating,too.OnestudyofNewZealandwomenfoundfasteatershavehigherbody-massindexes(指数),andaChinesestudyfoundthatbothhealthyandfatmenatelesswhentoldtochew40timesinsteadof15timesbeforeswallowing.Initialresearchevensuggestschewingyourfoodlongercouldbummorecalories-uptoabout1,000extraeverymonth.1、Whataretheparticipantsdividedby?A．Medicalhistory.B．Healthcondition.C．Physicalactivity.D．Eatingspeed.2、Whichmaybetheresultofthestudy?A．Fasteatersare4timesmorelikelytohavemetabolicsyndrome.B．Normalandsloweatersdon’thavemetabolicillness.C．89%offasteatershavehigherbloodpressure.D．Slowcatersarehealthierthanfasteaters.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gobbling”inParagraph4bestmean?A．Tastingslowly.B．Digestingquickly.C．Eatinggreedily.D．Cookingcarefully.4、Whatdoesthelastparagraphtellus?A．Theimportanceofeatingspeed.B．Theadvantageofeatingslowly.C．TheresultofaChinesestudy.D．Fasteatingandovereating.22．（8分）Ayoungwomansitsaloneinacafésippingteaandreadingabook.Shepausesbrieflytowriteinanearbynotepadbeforeshowingherwordstoapassingcaféwaiter:"Wherearethetoiletsplease?"ThisisafamiliarsceneinTokyo’sso-called"silentcafés",wherecustomersarenotallowedtospeak,andonlycommunicatebywritinginnotepads.TheconceptrisesbyadesiretobealoneamongyoungJapanese,asituationbroughtbyeconomicuncertainty,ashiftintraditionalfamilysupportstructuresandthegrowingsocialisolation.Thephenomenonisnotlimitedtocoffeeshopsbutcoverseverythingfromsilentdiscos,whereparticipantsdancealonewearingwirelessheadphonesconnectedtotheDJ,toproductssuchassmalldesktentsdesignedforconversation-freeprivacyintheoffice.OneKyotocompanyevenofferssinglewomentheopportunitytohavea"onewomanwedding"—afullbridalaffair,completewithwhitedressandceremony,andtheonlythingmissingisthegroom.Thetrendhasitsownmediaexpression-“botchi-zoku”,referringtoindividualswhoconsciouslychoosetodothingscompletelyontheirown.Onerecentweekdayafternoon,ChihiroHigashikokubaru,a23-year-oldnurse,travelled90minutesfromherhome,toTokyoonherdayoffinordertoenjoysomesolotime.Speakingquietlyattheentranceofthecafe,MissHigashikokubarusaid:“IheardaboutthisplaceviaTwitterandIliketheideaofcominghere.Iworkasanurseandit'salwaysverybusy.ThereareveryfewquietplacesinTokyo,andit'sabigbusycity.Ijustwanttocomeandsitsomewherequietlyonmyown.I’mgoingtodrinkacupofteaandmaybedosomedrawings.Iliketheideaofaquiet,calmatmosphere.”ThedesiretobeisolatedisnotanewconceptinJapan,hometoanestimated3.6million"hikikomori"-amoreextremeexampleofsocialrecluses(隐士)whowithdrawcompletelyfromsociety.1、（小题1）Whatisspecialaboutthe“silentcafes”?A．Itprovidesvariousteaandbooks.B．Ithasattractedmanypopularyoungpeople.C．ItoffersservicebywritingnotbyspeakingD．Peoplearenotallowedtocommunicate.2、（小题2）Whichofthefollowingstatementcan’taccountfortheideaofbeingaloneinJapan?A．UnstableeconomicsituationB．AchangeintraditionalfamilysupportpatternC．TherisingdemandforprivacyD．Theincreasingsocialisolation3、（小题3）WhatdoweknowaboutHigashikokubaru?A．Shedoesn’tliketobeanurse.B．Shedoesn’tlikethelifeinbigcities.C．ShetravelledtoTokyoonherworkdays.D．Sheenjoyshersolotimeinaquietplace.4、（小题4）Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．LonelyJapaneseB．OnewomanweddingC．SocialreclusesinJapanD．Silentcafes23．（8分）Willtherebeatimeinourliveswhencarsdon’tcrash?Whenwecanjustsitbackandrelaxandourcarswilldrivethemselves.Autotechnologyexpertssay“yes”.Andtheysaythatsomeofthoseadvancesmayhappenquickerthanyoumightthink.Theywillrequiretheuserstoinputthenameofthedestinationorthecompleteaddressofthelocationthattheywanttogoandthecars’artificialintelligencetakesthemthereautomaticallywithoutadriver.Theywillrunonsolarpowerinthedaytimeandethanolfuel(乙醇燃料)atnight.Toyota,BMWandHondawillcompletelycontrolthetradeofdriverlesscarbusinesstogetherandwillhavethecheapestdriverlesscars.Fossilfuelswillbecompletelyincompatible(不相配的)withthesecars.Driverlesscarswillnotrequireadriver’slicenseofanygradetooperate.Anyonewithbasicliteracyandcomputerskillswhoareatleast16yearsofagewillbelegallyallowedtooperatethevehiclewithabsolutelynolimits.Thiswouldgivetheyounguserspermissiontooperatethedriverlesscarsonmajorhighwaysaswellassecondaryroadswithoutneedingaseparateclassification.Inadditiontoallthis,drunkenpeoplewillbeabletousetheirownautomobilestoreturnhomebecausetheyarenot“driving”,thevehicle.What’smore,carinsurancewillbecomeobsolete(淘汰的)becausetherewillbenomoreautomobileaccidentsaftertheyear2025.Thisisbecausethedriverlesscarwillhaveallsafetymethodsinplacebythecar’sartificialintelligencetopreventautomobileaccidents.Globalpositioningsystemswillbecomemandatory(强制的)inallnewly-producedcarsafter2010,andwillbethemostimportantpartinthedriverlesscar.1、631．Whowillnotbeabletousedriverlesscars?A．Adultswithbasicliteracyandcomputerskills.B．Adultswhoaredrunk.C．Adultswithoutadriver’slicense.D．Adultswithoutcomputerskills.2、633．Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthatdriverlesscars.A．willneedfewerfossilfuelsB．willnotneedahuman’sinstructionsC．willrunonsolarpoweronlyD．willbeenvironmentallyfriendly3、635．Whatwillpreventthedriverlesscarfromcrashing?A．Thepeopleinside.B．Globalpositioningsystems.C．Artificialintelligence.D．Carinsurance.4、637．Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthepassage?A．Carsafety.B．Driverlesscars.C．Thefuturecars.D．Newtechnologyincars.24．（8分）Tofightfortheconservationofforestecosystem,severalecologistsincludingDanielJanzenconvincedDelOro,anorangejuiceproducer,todonatepartoftheirforestlandtoanationalpark.Inreturn,DelOrowasallowedtothrowlargeamountsofwasteintheformoforangepeels(皮)ona3-hectarepieceoflandwithinthenationalparkatnocost.Dealingwithtonsofleftoverpeelsusuallyinvolvedburningthemorpayingtohavethempouredintoalandfill,sotheproposalwasveryattractive.Butayearlater,anotherjuicecompanychallengedthedealincourt,arguingthattheircompetitorwas“pollutinganationalpark.”Theyendedupwinning,andthedealbetweenDelOroandthenationalparkfellthrough.Thenin2013,whilediscussingpossibleresearchavenueswithTimothyTreuer,DanielJanzenmentionedtheorangestory.Feelinginterested,Treuerdecidedtostopbythatpieceoflandthathadbeencoveredwithfruitwaste15yearsearlier.Whathefoundshockedhim.“WhileIwouldwalkoverexposedrockanddeadgrassinthenearbyfields,I’dhavetoclimbthroughundergrowthandcutpathsthroughwallsofvines(藤)intheorangepeelsiteitself,“saidTimothyTreuer.Treuerandhisteamspentmonthspickingupsamples(样品),analyzingandcomparingthem.Theyfoundgreatdifferencesbetweentheareascoveredwithorangepeelsandthosethatwerenot.Theareawithorangewastehadrichersoil.Theeffectthattheorangepeelshadonthelandisprobablynotthatsurprisingtopeoplefamiliarwithcomposting(施肥),butwhatisreallyshockingisthatajudgeactuallythoughtthewasteoforangeminedanationalparkandsloppeditfromgoingforward.NowthatTimothyTreuersstudyhasreceivedworldwideattention,thistypeofruiningisbeingseriouslyconsideredasawayofbringingforestsbacktolife.1、WhycouldDelOrothroworangepeelswithinthenationalpark?A．Herenteda3-hectarepieceoflandinthenationalpark.B．Hegavepartoftheirforestlandtothenationalpark.C．Thenationalparkwantedtomakethesoilricher.D．Hecametoanagreementwiththenationalparkbypayingsomemoney.2、WhenwasthedealbetweenDelOroandthenationalparkmade?A．In1998.B．In1999.C．In2012.D．In2013.3、WhatmadeTreuershocked?A．TheorangestoryDanielJanzenmentioned.B．ThedealbetweenDelOroandthenationalpark.C．Thepollutionoforangepeelstothenationalpark.D．Theeffectthattheorangepeelshadontheland.4、What’stheauthorsattitudetothejudgementionedinthelastparagraph?A．Positive.B．Worried.C．Admirable.D．Disapproving.25．（10分）PoliceForcepresentsCommunityRoadshow2019Wanttofindoutmoreaboutpolicework?ComeandvisitusatthevariouslocationsacrossSingapore.EnjoytheperformancesbythefriendlydogsfromthePoliceK9UnitandthePoliceBand.Comewithyourfamilyandtakepartinthefunactivities.DetailsofRoadshowDate:16-17June2019Time:10am-7pmVenues:PunggolArcadeSerangoonCentreTampinesHubShuttlebusserviceswillbeavailabletoandfromthenearestMRTstations.Eachcanbepromisedafunpackwhichconsistsof:·miniaturepolicecar·keychain·notepad·penPerformances·K9Showat11amand3pm·PoliceBandat6pmActivities·RockClimbing·BouncyCastle(forchildrenbelowtheageof12years)·ArtCompetitionTotakepartintheArtCompetition,participantsmustregisteronlineatby12June2019.Thiseventissponsoredby:·ArtforUs·DallyMinlMart·RockClimbCompanyLuckyDrawTimings:1pmand5pm(daily)1stprize:$300voucher(购物券)2ndprize:$150voucher3rdprize:$100voucher10consolationprizesof$20eachWinnerswhoarenotpresentduringthedrawwillbenotifiedviaemailby19June2019.OrganizedbytheSingaporePoliceForce1、WhatshalleachparticipantgetinCommunityRoadshow2019?A．Afunpack. B．Someprize.C．SomeVoucher. D．BouncyCastle.2、HowshouldapersonsignupforArtCompetition?A．Onsite. B．Byemail.C．Byphone. D．ThroughtheInternet.3、Whichofthefollowingorganizedtheactivity?A．SerangoonCentre. B．RockClimbCompany.C．SingaporePoliceForce. D．PoliceortCompany.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）AliandAbrahamwerebrothers.Theirparentsdiedveryearly.Theyleftfortheirsonsacow.Aliwascunning(狡猾的).Hewas1,too.Abrahamwaskindand2.Hetrustedhiselderbrother.Theywantedto3theirfather’sproperty.Alisaid,“Iwillbevery4withyou,Abraham.Youtakethefrontpartofthecowasyourshare.Iwilltakethehindsideofthecow.Eachonegetshis5onlyfromhisshare.”Abraham6thecowverywellfreshgrassandwater.Thecowbecame7.Itgavelotsofmilk.Aligotthemilk.Hesoldthemilkandgotalotofmoney.Buthedidnotsharethe8withAbraham.Abrahamaskedhisbrotherabouthis9ofmoney.Alireplied,“Igotthemilk10mypartofourcow.Hindpartismineaccordingtothe11.Eachofusgetsthebenefitsonlyfromhis12Abrahamsaidnothing.A13manadvisedAbraham.Hesaidsomethinginthe14ofAbraham.ThenextdayAliwasmilkingthecow.ThenAbrahambeatthecowinthefrontpart.Thecowstartedkicking.Ali15Abraham.“You16!Whydoyoubeatthecow?Donotseememilkingthecow?”“Thefrontpartofthecowismine.Icando17.Thatisouragreement,”saidAbraham.Alicouldnotsayanything.18heagreedtosharethemoney.Abrahamsaid,“Not19money.Youmustalsosharetheworkoffeedingandtakingcareofthecowtoo.”Ali20.1、A．greedyB．smartC．diligentD．careless2、A．luckyB．selfishC．honestD．sensitive3、A．sellB．keepC．donateD．divide4、A．strictB．fairC．seriousD．patient5、A．profitB．rewardC．prizeD．award6、A．knewB．understoodC．fedD．remembered7、A．energeticB．healthyC．activeD．aggressive8、A．cowB．foodC．milkD．money9、A．shareB．amountC．useD．secret10、A．forB．fromC．ofD．to11、A．planB．decisionC．lawD．agreement12、A．laborB．knowledgeC．partD．effort13、A．kindB．wiseC．cruelD．funny14、A．earB．noseC．faceD．head15、A．escapedfromB．camefromC．laughedatD．shoutedat16、A．liarB．thiefC．foolD．monster17、A．nothingB．anythingC．somethingD．everything18、A．FinallyB．SuddenlyC．HappilyD．Gradually19、A．reallyB．entirelyC．justD．always20、A．quarreledB．repliedC．criedD．agreed第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Afamilycanbetwoormorepeople1．sharegoalsandvalues,havelong-termcommitmentstooneanother,andusuallyliveinthesamehouse.Familiesrangefromallsortsof2．(race),formsandsizes.Familiesdifferinvariouswaysbuteachonehas3．(it)owndefinitionofahappyhomeandfamily.So,whatmakesahappyfamily?Therearemanyimportantfactorsthatmakeahappyfamily.Orderisoneoftheimportantfactorsthatmakeahappyfamily.Withorderthereisnochaosor4．(confuse)inthehome.Awell-organizedfamilywillbeabletofunctionsmoothlyandeasilyin5．(complete)varioustasksthateachindividualmustdo.Wheneachindividualknowshis/herownresponsibility,he/sheiscapableandabletobring6．(much)harmonyandpeaceinthehome.Qualitytimeisdefinitelyoneaspecttohavingahappyfamily.Thisqualitytime7．(spend)togetherasafamilynomatterwhattheactivityiswill8．(sure)strengthenafamily’srelationship.Qualitytime9．(help)todevelopabondbetweenfamilymembers.Notonlywillthisstrengthenties,itwillprovideyou10．memoriesoftimesspenttogether,whetheritishavingfun,beingsad,happy,orbad.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）Itisgoodtoseethattodaymorepeoplehaverealizedtheimportanceexercisingandareplayingsportsregular、Buttheproblemisthattherearenotenoughsportsfacilitiestomeetthepublicgrowingdemand、Iloveplayingbasketballandoftenplaywithmyfriendsonweekends、Therefore,itisdifficulttorentabasketballfieldandimpossibletofindafreeone、Itseemsthatallcourtsinthecitywerealwaysfull、Weatherpermitted,wecanplayinoutdoors、Butonrainydaysorinwinterwehavetoturntoindoorcourts、Therearenotmuchinmycity,andthechargeisexpensive、Thegovernmentshouldbuildmorepublicsportsfacilities,soeasieraccesseswillencouragemorepeopletoparticipateinsports、第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）假如你是中学生李华，你在学校食堂就餐的过程中，发现学生浪费饭菜的行为十分严重，你深感痛心和羞愧。请给校长写一封信。1.说明写信的目的;2.对这些行为进行批评；3.提出切实可行的建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结束语已为你写好。DearMr.Headmaster,I’mLiHua,astudentfromSeniorThree.____________________________________________________________________________________________________