建筑工程英语词汇大全

工程词汇大全一项目建议Projectsuggestion1.11项目概况Projectgeneralsituation资格qualification预备资格prequalification商务条款与条件commercialtermsandcondition商务commercial技术technical技术说明technicalspecification建议书proposalbook资料费informationprice估价estimatedprice报价quotedprice报价书quotation1.2报价资料Quotationdocument工艺说明processdescription工艺特点processfeature经验记载experiencerecord工艺性能processperformance设备表equipmentlist说明，规定，规格specification简要说明shortspecification条件图sketchdrawing流程图flowdiagram平衡图balancediagram方框图blockdiagramP&图P&Idiagram单线图singlelinediagram布置图layout平面布置图plotplan总图generalplotplan(generallayout)附件appendix资料，文件documentation1.3合同技术用语保证guarantee性能保证performanceguarantee时间保证timeguarantee交货保证deliveryguarantee建造保证workmanshipguarantee生产能力capacity质量quality消耗量consumption原材料feedstock原料rawmaterial辅助原料sub-rawmaterial产品product副产品by-product中间产品intermediate公用工程utility燃料fuel化学品chemical界区batterylimits界区（进料）incoming界区（出料）outgoing界区条件batterylimitscondition（配管图）分界线matchline工厂、装置plant设备equipment关键设备criticalequipment专利设备proprietaryequipment有位号设备itemizedequipment无位号设备non-itemizedequipment散装材料bulkmaterial施工材料materialofconstruction仪表instrument备品备件spareparts建筑工具constructionaid（现场）居住设施accommodation现场派遣expatriate运转率onstreamfactor运转天数streamday系列train日历日calenderday日历月calendermonth机械（试车）完工mechanicalcompletion试车trialoperation初次试车initialoeperation开车startup注油oilin投料feedin首次出料firstdrop保证试运转guaranteetestrun装置验收plantacceptance移交turnover议定书protocol1.4估算estimate估算estimate概算budgetaryestimate推算slide幂指数powerterm（费用）分类、分项价格breakdown外汇foreigncurrency当地货币localcurrency可兑换货币convertiblecurrency专利费licensefee专利权税royalty变动专利权税runningroyalty专有技术费knowhowfee基础设计费basicengineeringfee代理费agentfee手续费commission不可预见费contingency外汇风险exchangerisk易货风险compensation直接费用directcost间接费用indirectcost项目管理费projectexpense现场管理费fieldexpense一般管理费overhead利润profit生活费livingexpense出勤津贴dailyallowance（出差）准备费outfitallowance劳务费labourcost基本工资basewage补偿费payrollburden福利费fringebeneft可行性研究可行性feasibility现场选定siteselection（现场）位置location市场marketing可获利润profitability生产成本productioncost经营费operationcost可变成本variablecost不变成本fixedcost总投资totalinvestmentcost流动资本workingcapital固定资本fixedcapitalcost总资本totalcapitalcost折旧费depreciation现金流量cashflow折现现金流量disccuntcashflow工况研究casestudy产权资本，自有资本equity建设资本利息interestduringconstruction1.6业务范围现场勘测sitesurvey工艺设计processdesign基础设计basicengineering基础设计包basicdesignpackage详细设计detailengineering采购procurement海运oceantransportation陆运inlandtransportation安装erectionwork土建工作civilwork施工constructionwork临时工作temporarywork投料试车commissioning培训training（现场）指导supervisoryservice顾问advisoryservice初步设计preliminaryproject最终设计finalproject基础设施infrastructure上部结构superstructure软件software硬件hardware1.7 工厂分类与设计处女地工厂grassrootplant总厂integralplant分厂singleplant成套装置packageplant翻版（设计）厂copyplant生产厂commercialplant中试工厂pilotplant试验室规模装置benchscaleunit石化总厂petrochemicalcomplex下游（厂）downstream(工业）放大scale-up扩建expansion改建、更改modification镜像布置mirrorimage设计余量overdesign降负荷运转turndown清除瓶颈debottlenecking工厂模型plantmodel1.8设备工艺装置processplant装置区内onsite装置区外offsite界区内insidebatterylimit界区外outsidebatterylimit公用工程设施utilityfacility贮存设施storagefacility辅助设施auxiliaryfacility衔接interconnection主变电所mainsubstation发电设施powergenerationfacility事故发电设备emergerncypowergenerationfacility水处理装置watertreatmentfacility冷却塔coolingtower抽水设备waterintakefacility海水淡化装置desalinationfacility蒸汽发生装置steamgenerationfacility仪表空气发生装置instrumentairgenerationfacility惰性气发生装置inertgasgenerationfacility空分装置airseparationfacility罐区tankyard散装贮存设备bulkstoragefacility包装机械baggingfacility制袋设备bagmakingfacility装瓶设备bottlingfacility装货设备loadingfacility卸货设备unloadingfacility铁路侧线railwaysiding栈桥jetty行政办公室administrationbuilding维修车间maintenanceshop中央化验室centrallaboratory内部通信设施intercommunicationfacility广播系统pulicaddresssystem寻呼系统pagingfacility消防设施firefightingfacility安全器具safetyequipment生活设施colony公用设施townshop娱乐设施recreationfacility相关企业承包商contractor主承包商primecontractor分包商subcontractor直接费用dicrecthire专利商licenser转专利者sub-licenser专利使用者licensee专利拥有者patentowner竞争者competitor国际财团consertium合作者collaberator买方（1）buyer（2）purchaser卖方seller厂商vender制造商(1)maker(2)manufacturer业主owner顾问consultant技术顾问technicaladviser用户user最终用户enduser客户（1）customer（2）client代理商agent挂名人dummy二投标合同投标概况询价inquiry报价、估价书quotation/estimation投标、投标书bid/tender投标资料biddocuments预审pre-qualification意向书letterofintent2.2合同用语协议agreement合同、契约contract注销cancellation约定consideration合同转让assignmentofcontract不可抗力forcemajeure仲裁arbitration基本法governinglaw秘密条款（1）secrecyclause（2）non-disclosureclause预定损坏赔偿费liquidateddamages总倍偿额度totalliability连带（债务）jointandseveral优先债权lien免除waiver保证guaranty担保warranty赔偿indemnity定义definition增额escalation罚款penalty支付条款termsofpayment税金taxandduties侵犯专利patentinfringement最高现额ceiling委任书powerofatterney保证金bond2.3合同形式招标合同competitivebidcontract议付合同negotiatedcontractFOB合同FOB-typecontract成套承包合同（1）turnkeycontract（交钥匙合同）（2）chefmontagecontract总付合同lumpsumpricecontract单价契约unitpricecontract正价加附加费合同costplusfeecontract预投标协议pre-bidagreement产品抵债productssharing互购交易counterpurchasetransaction三支付、金融、财务支付条款、支付条件paymentterms延期付款deferredpayment留存款项、保留资金retentionmoney定期付款schedulepayment施工分期付款progressivepayment付款交单D/Pdocumentsagainstpayment承兑交单D/Adocumentagainstacceptance信贷、信用credit卖方信贷，供应商信贷supplier,scredit买方信贷buyer,scredit银行借贷bankloan财政、金融finance借款、借贷loan偿还reimburse,reimbursement保证书letterofguarantee信用证、信贷证letterofcredit外汇兑换率exchangerate兑换单，汇票单据documentarybillofexchange汇款、汇兑基金remittance财务自然增长基数accrualbasis资产负债表，决算表balancesheet损益报表P&Lprofitandlossstatement四采购、运输、保险4.1进出口手续exportlicese出口许可证变更E/LamendCOCOMcoordinatingcommittee标准结算方法standardpayment非标准结算方法non-standardpaymentDBCdraw-backcargo出口申报银行exportdeclarationbankE/D出口申报单exportdeclarationcustom进口许可证importlicense进口申报单importdeclaration保税区域bondedarea关税importduty原产地证明书certificateoforigin发票invoice4.2运输装箱单packinglist提单billoflading[B/L]指示提单orderB/L直接提单straightB/L装运提单shippedB/L,ON-boardB/L备运提单receivedB/L不附带条件的提单cleanB/L不洁提单dirtyB/L,foulB/L直运提单directB/L联运提单throughB/L船上收货单mate,sreceipt装货通知单shippingorder[s/o]交货单deliveryorder[d/o]空运货单airwaybill海上运费oceanfreight海上运费同盟freightconference目的地付费freightpayableatdestination出港前付费freightprepaid码头工人搬运费stevedorage空载运费deadfreight船到港预定时间expectedtimeofarrival[ETA]船离港预定时间expectedtimeofdeparture海关快速发货customquickdespatch滞船费demurrage码头搬运商stevedore超尺寸运输over-dimensioncargo海上保险marinecargoinsurance现场指导失误保险supervisor,sriskinsurance贸易条件出厂价（1）EXworks（2）EXfactony（3）EXmill海上交货FOB-namedportofshipment合保险海上交货CIF-namedportofdestination国境交货条件francofrontier4.5采购采购procurement厂家vendor厂家一览表vendorlist市场价marketprice黑市价darkprice现价up-to-datepricelevel报价quotation偏差表deviationlist到货时间timeofdelivery支付方式（1）termsofpayment（2）paymentconditions（3）paymentterms延缓支付deferredpayment现金支付cashondelivery分期支付instalmentpayment预先支付downpayment发货前支付advancepayment到货后支付progresspayment计划支付scheduledpayment购买条件termsandconditionsofpurchase折价discount谈判、交涉negotiation澄清clarification购买意向intenttopurchase比较表tabulation评标evaluation价格分析valueanalysis订购单purchaseorder变更订购单changeorder支付方式methodofpayment现金cash支票check期货promissorynote催货expediting跟踪系统follow-upsystem4.6包装包装packing防锈包装rust-proofpacking防潮湿包装moisture-proofpacking防水包装water-proofpacking软包装shrinkpacking木箱woodenbox板条箱crate框架箱framedbox滑撬底座skidbase码垛盘pallet侧板sideplate吊具slingfitting花蓝螺丝turnbuckle钢带steelstrapping角保护带edgeprotecterclosureplate保护角cornerprotecter板board合板plywood缓冲材料cushioningmaterial通气孔盖ventilationcover超载superimposedload开包unpacking船上标志shppingmark注意标志caremark项目执行及费用管理总图会议kick-offmeeting项目研究会议projectstudymeeting开工会议launchingmeeting项目报告projectreporting审查会议screeningmeeting进展报告progressreport协调过程coordinationprocedure变更指示changeorder认可approval复阅review项目完工报告jobclose-outreport项目执行报告jobperformancereport完工汇编close-outbook反馈系统feedbacksystem项目设计条件projectdesigninformation会签inter-departmentcheck工程设计engineeringdesign工艺条件确认engineeringreview工艺条件校核engineeringchecking项目完成指标审核表projectperformancechecksheet施工版approvedforconstruction(AFC)设计变更errorreport技术文件technicaldatabook管道材料工艺条件processdataforpipingmaterial荷载条件loadingdata关键路径法criticalpathmethod关键路径进度表criticalpathschedulingPERTprogramevaluationandreviewtechnique5.3费用及工时管理工程预算projectcontrolbudget工时man-hourM/H工日man-dayM/H人月man-monthM/H考勤表timesheet工作号worknumber项目号jobnumber前期项目号propesalnumber改进工作improvementwork闲滞idie工时报告man-hourreport项目工时汇总jobman-hoursperformancereport5.4费用分类费用分类codeofaccount主帐majoraccount分帐sub-account设备位号itemnumber5.5组织指定assign借调on-lcan项目成员projectmember项目经理projectmanager项目经理助理assistantprojectmanager施工经理constructionmanager开车经理operationmanager现场指挥fieldmanager项目前期经理proposalmanager估算员estimator原始购销员originator协调员coordinator项目设计协调员projectdesigncoordinator六标准化，资料管理，法规，规格标准化standardization标准、规格standard工程规定engineerspecification项目特殊要求specificjobrequirement工程手册engineeringmanual标准图standarddrawing工程用表格engineeringform法规lawandregulation法律law6.2资料管理情报管理informationanddocumentation信息中心informationcenter调研（追述）retrospectivesearching信息选择服务selectivedisseminationofinformation情报跟踪currentawareness检索效率retrievalefficieney资料documents原文献primarysources文献摘要secondaryscurces边载刊物seriais定期刊物periodieals（学会）纪要memoirs会报transactions会议论文conferencepaper会议纪录proceedings索引期刊indexjournal文献期刊abstractjournal情报摘要informativeabstracts提示文稿indicativeabstracts图书目录bookcataing标题目录titlecataing总目录unioncatalog标准目录standardcutalog关键词keyword省略词stopwordKWIC索引keyword-in-contersindexKWOC索引keyword-out-of-contextindex顺序索引penmutedindex相关索引coordinateindex主题分析subjecktanalysis统计分类statisticalclassification国际十进分类法universaldecimalclassification借阅卡片visiblecard书卡bookcard档案系统filingsystem微缩复制microcopy微缩系统micro-system微缩卡片fichefilm高压气体取缔法highpressuregascontrollaw消防法fireservicelaw劳动安全卫生法industrialsafetyandhealthlaw建筑基本法buildingstandardlaw单位制systemofunits国际单位制internationalsystemofunits七工厂系统图.设备布置图.配管图及材料统计工艺流程图processflowdiagram管道仪表流程图processpiping&instrumentflowdiagram(PID)公用工程流程图utilityflowdiagram(UFD)框图blockflowdiagram公用工程介质平衡图utilitybalancediagram平面布置图plotplan立面布置图generalarrangement总图generalplotplan规划图planningdrawing管道研究图pipingstudydrawing管道布置图(配管图)pipingarrangementdrawing分区图keyplan管道走向研究图pipingroutingstutydrawing地下管道图undergroundpipingdrawing管道特殊管件图pipingspecialpartsdrawing管架详图pipinghangingdrawing预制图prefabricationdrawing参考图referencedrawing通用图typicaldrawing制造厂图vender,sdrawing管道轴测图isometricpipingdrawing竣工图as-builtdrawing模型model管线表lineschedule计算书calculationsheet图纸目录drawingschedule发图阶段issuestage版次revisionnumber编号体系numberingsystem比例scale工厂北向plantnorth海平面标高over-seameanlevel标高elevation已有钢结构existingstructure装货区loadingarea公用工程站utilitystation柱号columnnumber净空headroom通道accessway小通道catway钢结构顶部标高topofstructureelevation管底标高bottomofpipingelevation主管口径runsize顶平偏心异径管eccentricreducertopflat中心到面的距离centertoface工作点标高workingpointelevation管架标注nangingmarking冷拉coldspring管线记号linesymbol管线接口lineconnection物流号streamNO管线号lineNO.管道等级号(1)classdesignation(2)specdesignation阀门号valveNO等级分析specificationbreak重要管道criticalpiping总管headerpipe仪表管道instrumentpiping排放管道blowdownpiping火炬气管道flarepiping输送管线transferline入口管线suctionline排水管effluentline旁通管bypassline吹扫系统purgesystem放空接口ventconnection软管接口hoseconnection双切断阀及排放阀doubleblockandbleeder污水沟sewerditch冷凝液池condensatepit积水坑sumpbox漏斗dripfunnel管段spoolpiece垫环spacerring限流孔板restrictionorifice流量喷咀flownozzle液体混合用三通mixingtee喷头spraynozzle粗滤器strainer临时粗滤器temporarystrainer疏水阀steamtrap爆破膜rupturedisk蒸汽伴热管道steam-tracedpiping夹套管道jacketedpiping地下管道undergroundpiping7.2管道要素钢管steelpiping螺纹端管threadedpipe法兰端管flangedpipe锻制的swage光滑弯管smoothbendU型弯管u-bend弯管bendingpipe波纹管膨胀节expansinonbellows柔性管flexiblepipe管件接头pipefittingjoint机械连接mechanicaljoint活套连接lappedjoint环形垫连接ringtypejoint扩口接头flaretypejoint非扩口接头flarelesstypejoint承插连接bellandspigotvictaulic接头victaulicjoint弯头elbow异径管reducer管接头coupling活接头union短管nipple法兰flange配对法兰companionflange法兰盖blindflange异径法兰reducingflange八字盲板（1）spectactleblind（2）reversibleblind平板式法兰plateflange带颈法兰hubbedflange对焊法兰weldingneckflange松套法兰looseflange管端突缘stubend法兰面flangeface垫片沟槽gasketgroove满平面fullface突面raisedface大准槽面largetongueandgrooveface双凹凸面doublemale&femaleface大凹凸面largemale&femaleface金属垫片metallicgasket非金属垫片non-metallicgasketsemi-metallicgasketO型环O-ring透镜垫lensring对焊buttweld承插焊接socketweld滑套焊接slip-onweld焊接支管台weldolet插入环insertting管帽cap材料表billofmaterial材料统计take-off管段表linebillofmaterial估算汇总表estimationsummarysheet备品备件表sparepartslist报价表quotationsheet订货单purchaseorderschedule材料汇总表billofmaterialsummary状态报告statusreport分布报告distributionreport价格、重量一览表cost&weightsummary价格、重量汇总表cost&weighttotal定货管理表ordercontrol管道材料管理体表pipingmaterialcontrolsheet元件代号itemcode标记号tagnumber标准形态standardshape轴测图isometricdrawing管线号linereference批号batchreference管子下料表pipingcuttinglist制作件表fabricationpartslist组装件表erectionpartlist固定架anchor滑动架restingsupport导向架guide限位架directionalstop减振架dampener支架support管托shoe保冷管托cradle鞍座saddle耳轴trunnion吊架hanger刚性吊架rigidhanger弹簧吊架springhanger恒力吊架constanthanger阀门valve截止阀globevalve闸阀gatevalve针形阀needlevalve球阀ballvalve止回阀checkvalve隔膜阀diaphragmvalve三通阀three-wayvalve角阀anglevalve蝶阀butterflyvalve旋塞阀cock伸长杆操作extensionstem-operation链操作chain-operated齿轮操作gear-operated扳手操作wrench-operated电动操作motor-operated阀芯trim阀盖bonnet焊接支管weldbranch偏置offset焊接根部间隙weldrootgap现场调整后在下料和焊接cutandweldafteradjusting坡度slope工作点workingpoint管架说明notesforpipinghanging部门间校核版interdepartmentalcheckprint平端plainend坡口端beveledend管道连接图pipinghook-updrawing管道说明图notesforpipingdrawing标题栏titleblock寻价单pipingrequisitionsheet八配管及一般设备设计绝热insulation设备绝热表equipmentinsulationschedule绝热符号insulationcode保温设计designofcoldinsulation正常操作所用的保温insulationforstableoperating人身防护personnelprotection防火层fire-proofing防结露anti-sweat防冻winterizing防音soundprotection保温材料hotinsulationmaterial保冷材料coldinsulationmaterial石棉asbestos硅藻土diatomaceousearth岩棉rockwool玻璃棉glasswool碳酸镁magnesiumcarbonate硅酸铝calciumsilicate珍珠岩perlite软木板corkboards毛毡hairfelt泡沫聚氨酯foampolystyrene硬泡沫氨基甲酸乙酯rigidfoamurethane硬泡沫橡胶rigidfoamrubber玛碲脂mastic耐磨损材料anti-abrasioncoatingmaterial管壳laggingcloth铁丝网hexagonalwirenetting填缝材料caulkingmaterial保护层jacketingsheetcoversheet波纹铝板corrugatedaluminumsheet有色镀锌钢板precoatedgalvanizedsheet搭板buttstrapZ型接头Z-joint8.2防腐涂漆色标colour-code孟塞尔色系munsellnotation管道识别色identificationofpipingsystem防腐层externalcoating油漆paint清漆varnish防腐漆anti-corrosivepaintrush-proofpaint含铝漆aluminumpaint底漆primer耐酸漆acid-proofpaint耐酸漆acid-proofpaint耐碱漆alkali-proofpaint耐热漆heat-resistingpaint测温漆thermo-paint绝缘漆insulationvarnish表面处理surfacepreparation涂漆painting阴级保护cathodicprotection8.3振动解析机械振动mechanicalvibration自由振动freevibration强制振动forcedvibration自励振动self-excitedvibration固有频率naturalfrequency固有周期naturalperiod波谷loop波峰node正弦振动sinusoidaloscillation非线性振动non-linearoscillation阻尼振动dampedvibration临界阻尼criticaldamping衰减系数（1）attenuationconstant（2）decaycoefficient（3）decayfactor共振resonance扭曲振动torsionalvibration挠性振动flexuralvibration极限速度criticalspeed固有值characteristicvalue临界条件boundarycondition弹性系数springconstant惯性矩momentofinertia回转半径radiusofgyration振动吸收装置dynamicvibrationabserber液压减振器hydraulicdamper弹簧减振器(1)springdampener(2)springdamper油压锁定oillock8.4耐振设计固有振动方式naturalfrequencymode卓越周期predominantperiod基本周期firstnaturalfrequency横波transversewave纵波longitudinalwave相对位移relativedisplacement质量比massratio静解析法staticmethod修正静解析法correctedstaticmethod动解析法modalanalysis时历响应解析法timehistoryresponseanalysis设计响应光谱designresponsespectrum加速响应光谱accelerationresponsespectrum地板响应光谱foorresponsespectrum标准响应光谱standardresponsespectrum加速响应增幅比accelerationresponseamplituderatio刚性结构rigidstructure柔性结构flexiblestructure长周期结构long-periodstructure刚性框架rahmenrigidframe地震波earthquakeaccelerogram位移量记录displacementrecord设计地震designearthquake设计震度designseismiccoefficient地震earthquake震源距离distancetocentrum震中距离distancetoepicenter震吸magnitude地震波显示仪seismoscope地震仪seismograph耐振等级seismicclass基岩baserock应力分析外力externalforce内力internalforce反作用力reactionforce力偶coupleofforce弯矩bendingmoment扭矩twistingmoment应力stress弯曲应力bendingstress扭曲应力torsionalstress圆周应力hoopstress峰值应力peakstress一次应力primarystress二次应力secondarystress轴向应力axialstress重复应力repeatedstress脉动应力pulsatingstress交变应力alternatingstress应变strain应变能strainenergy主应力principalstress主应力理论principalstresstheory最大剪切应力理论maximumshearingstresstheory残余应力residualstress热应力thermalstress热破坏thermalshock疲劳fatigue疲劳曲线s-ndiagram疲劳极限(1)fatiguelimit(2)endurancelimit腐蚀corrosionfatigue蠕变creep蠕变疲劳creepfatigue尺寸效应sizeeffect应力集中系数coefficientofstressconcentration形状系数shapecoefficient缺口系数notchfactor应力强度系数stressintensityfactor几何惯性矩geometricalmomentofinertia断面系数modulusofsection断面极惯性矩polarmomentofinertiaofarea扬氏模量young,smodulus横向弹性系数modulusoftransverseelasticity体积弹性系数modulusofvolumetricelasticity泊松比poissor,sratio弹性极线elasticlimit屈服点yieldpoint拉伸强度tensilestrength伸长elongation永久变形permanentset弹性flexibility弹性分析elasticanalysis弹性屈服elasticbuckling塑性plasticity塑变滞后plasticityhysteresis极限分析limitanalysis弹塑性分析elastic-plasticanalysis疲劳分析fatigueanalysis有限元法finiteelementmethod静荷载deadload流体流动水锤waterhammer急关rapidclosure缓关slowclosure冲击波shockwave液压振动acousticvibrationofliquidflow脉动pulsationflow两相流two-phaseflow气压振动acousticvibration卡门涡街karmaneddies颤动fluttering气蚀cavitation噪音(1)noise(2)undesiredsound听力范围auditorysensationarea掩蔽masking背景噪音backgroundnoise声强soundintensity声压soundpressure声压值soundpressurelevel噪声值(1)noiselevel(2)soundlevel噪声计soundlevelmeter听觉校正回路weightingnetwork音平loundnesslevel音能soundpower音能值soundpowerlevel总体值overalllevel90%范围90%range中间值medianNR数noiseratingnumber频率分析器frequencyanalyzer倍频带octaveband1/3的倍频带1/3octaveband波段值bandlevel音场soundfield方向性directivity方向系数directivityfactor衍射diffraction声源soundsource房间常数roomconstant吸音率soundabsorptioncoefficient穿透率transmissioncoefficient穿透损失transmissionloss质量原理masslaw设计条件操作压力operatingpressure最高操作压力maximumoperatingpressure操作温度operatingtemperature最高操作温度maximumoperatingtemperature温度基准basetemperature腐蚀裕度corrosionallowance许容应力allowablestress安全系数safetyfactor地理条件geologicalconditions九塔.槽.换热器.加热炉图面用语设备表vesselschedule工程图engineeringdrawing管口表（1）nozzlechart（2）nozzleschedule管口方位nozzleorientation于焊件图clipschedule切线tangentline(TL)焊缝线weldline(WL)参照线wrokingline(WL)基准线baseline(BL)容器vessel塔tower自支承塔self-supportedtower板式塔traytower填料塔packedtower喷淋塔spraytower槽。罐drum储罐tank球罐sphericaltankballtank浮顶罐floatingrooftank锥顶罐conerooftank拱顶罐domerooftank双壁罐doublewalltank湿式气柜wetgasholder干式气柜drygasholder料仓（1）silo（2）bin料斗hopper内件internals塔盘tray泡罩塔盘bubblecaptray筛板塔盘perforatedtray浮阀塔盘valvetray单流向式塔盘uni-fluxtray波纹塔盘rippletray塔盘板deck溢流堰weir降液管downcomer密封糟sealpot取液糟draw-offpot密封盘sealpan塔盘支承环traysupportring鲍尔环pallring泪孔weephole填料packing拉希环raschingring矩鞍形填料intaloxsaddle分布器distributor除沫器demister进料挡板feeddeflector防涡流挡板vortexbreaker内筒cartridge主要附属品9.4壳体shell变颈段reducingsection封头head椭圆形封头ellipsoidalhead蝶形封头（1）dishedhead（2）torisphericalhead半球形封头hemisphericalhead锥形封头conicalhead平封头flathead加强圈reinforcingring加套jecket人孔manhole手孔handhole检查孔inspectionhole接管nozzle凸缘padnozzle锻制接管forgednozzle补强板reinforcingpad信号孔tell-talehole容器支座vesselsupport裙座skirt支腿leg支耳supportlug底座baseblock基础环basering筋板gussetplate压环compressionring鞍座saddle模板template通道accessopening套管pipesleeve连接板lug予焊件clip接地板earthlug吊耳liftinglug平台platform梯子ladder保温支承insulationsupport吊柱davit人孔铰链manholehinge放空口ventnozzle呼吸阀breathervalve计量口guagehatch换热器heatexchange换热面积heattransferarea总传热系数overallheattransfercoefficient境膜传热系数filmcoefficient对数平均温差logarithmicmeantemperaturedifference(LMID)平均温差meantemperaturedifference(MID)污垢系数foulingfactor布管图tubearrangement三角形排列triangulararrangement转角三角形排列rotatedtriangulararrangement正方形排列squarearrangement转角正方形排列rotatedsquarearrangement最大布管图outsidetubelimit管壳式换热器sheetandtubeheatexchange固定管板换热器fixedtubesheetheatexchange浮头式换热器floatingheadtypeheatexchangeU形管换热器U-tubetypeheatexchange釜式换热器kettletypeheatexchange套管式换热器doubletubetypeheatexchange冲洗式冷却器irrigationcooler蛇管换热器coiltypeheatexchanger插管式换热器bayonettypeheatexchanger板式换热器platetypeheatexchanger螺旋板式换热器spiralheatexchanger夹套式换热器jackettypeheatexchanger石墨换热器graphiteheatexchanger空冷式换热器air-cooledheatexchanger换热管tube折流板baffleplate管箱channel分程隔板passpartitionplate浮头floatinghead防冲挡板impingementbaffle管束tubebundie管板tubesheet管子与管板的连接tube-to-tubesheetjoint管接头ferrule加热炉direct-firedheater热负荷(1)heatduty(2)heatrelease热损失heatloss加热炉效率efficiencyofheater热流率heatflux管壁温度tubeskintemperature体积热负荷volumetricheatreleaseradiantsectionconvectionsectionshieldsectionbridgewallexposedwallshieldedwall管道支撑tubesupport燃烧管(1)heatertube(2)furnacetubeextendedsurfacetube(1)header(2)headerbox回弯头returnbend管道间接连管crossover通风draft烟道flue烟道挡板damper烟囱stack烧嘴burner过量空气excessair风箱windbox观察孔(1)observationdoor(2)peepdoor检修孔accessdoor防爆门explosiondoor吹灰器scotblower油漆清车导轨paintertrolley陶瓷纤维ceramicfiber耐火砖firebrick保温耐火砖insulationfirebrick保温板insulationboard可铸耐火材料castable衬里支撑lininganchor炉壁横梁lintel膨胀节expansionjoint十转动机械10.1轴shaft轴承bearing轴承箱bearinghousing联轴节shaftcoupling滑轮pulleyV形皮带（三角皮带）v-belt转动设备turningequipment润滑lubrication润滑油(1)lubricationoil(2)lubeoil密封seal轴封shaftseal填料packing填料箱stuffingbox油膜密封oilfilmseal油封sealoil机械密封mechanicalseal齿轮gear曲轴crankshaft连杆connectingrod十字头crosshead气缸cylinder缸套cylinderliner气缸阀cylindervalue活塞piston金属填料metallicpacking予埋板soleplate基座baseplate柱塞plunger箱体（壳体）casing转子roter平衡活塞balancepiston迷宫密封labyrinth叶轮impeller轴套sleeve耐磨环wearingring灯笼环(1)lanternring(2)sealcage转动机械性能轴动力(1)shaftpower(2)brakehorsepower额定制动马力ratedbrakehorsepower齿轮传动损失gearloss机械效率mechanicalefficiency机械损失mechanicalloss额定转数ratedspeed最大连续转数maximumcontinuousspeed旋转油膜oilwhirl临界速度criticalspeed顺时针clockwise转矩torque起动转矩startingtorque性能performance特性characteristics压头head液压功率hydraulichorsepower活塞位移pistondisplacement体积效率volumetricefficiency显示图indicatordiagram压力脉冲率pressurepulsationratio泵pump泵效率pumpefficiency气蚀cavitation气蚀系数cavitationcoefficient净正吸入压头netpositivesuctionhead离心泵centrifugalpump混流泵（斜流泵）mixed-flowpump轴流泵axialpump容量泵displacementtypepump往复泵（活塞泵）reciprocatingpump旋转泵rotarypump再生泵regenerativepump底阀footvalve压缩机compressor压缩机效率compressorefficiency往复式压缩机reciprocatingcompressor间隙容积clearancevolume隙囊clearancepocket减压器unloader离心式压缩机centrifugalcompressor轴面压缩机axialcompressor涡轮压缩机turbocompressor鼓风机blower风机fan涡轮式鼓风机turboblower涡轮风机turbofan多叶片风机multi-bladefan旋浆式风机propellerfan罗茨鼓风机(1)rootsblower(2)two-lobeblower螺杆式压缩机screwcompressor湍振surging中间冷却器intercooler后冷却器（二次冷却器）aftercooler缓冲器snubber透平透平turbine冲动式透平impulseturbine反作用式透平reactionturbine凝汽式透平condensingturbing抽气式透平extractionturbing背压式透平backpressureturbing透平效率turibingefficiency调速器governor速度范围speedrange速度调节阀speedgoverningvalve应急调速器emergencygovernor跳闸速度（应急速度限）tripspeed应急阀tripvalve操纵阀sentinelvalve冷冻机冷冻机refrigerator制冷剂refrigrerant十一其他机械搬运起重运输设备materialhandling输送机conveyor带式输送机beltconveyor链式输送机chainconveyor平盘输送机panconveyor粉体输送机continuousflowconveyor气力输送机pneumaticconveyor混合比weightratioofsolidtogas螺旋输送机screwconveyor振动输送机vibratingconveyor滚轴输送机rollerconveyor斗式提升机bucketelevator平台给料机tablefeeder定量给料机（1）constantfeeder（2）constantfeedweighter地平scale包装机packingmachine缝袋机sewingmachine热封口机heatsealer卷扬机hoist倒链、葫芦chainblock天车overheadcrane悬臂起重机jibcrane龙门起重机gantrycrane倾倒卸货机cardumper手推车handcart储存场装载输送机recluimer铲式装料机shovelloader起运载重机shiploader起运卸货机shipunloader堆积机stacker码垛机palletizer卸垛机depalletizer叉车forklifttruck鹤管loadingarm粉碎粉碎crushing粉碎机crusher碾磨机mill破碎机disintegrator比粉碎能力specificcrushingcapacity粉碎比crushingratio粉碎性grindability筛网screen切裁尺寸cutsize丝网mesh集尘器dustcollector空气过滤器（1）aircleaner（2）airfilter旋风分离器cyclone多管式旋风分离器multiclone(MC)集尘效率dustcollectorefficiency再飞散re-entrainment11.3化学机械离心式分离机centrifuge澄清器decanter过滤器filter过滤介质filtermedium滤饼filtercake板框式压滤机filterpress叶滤机leaffilter转鼓过滤机drumfilter带式过滤机beltfilter盘式过滤机panfilter预涂助滤剂的过滤机precoatfilter干燥机dryer转盘式干燥器rotarydryer流化床干燥器fluidizedbeddryer气流干燥器pneumaticconveyingdryer带式干燥器banddryer喷雾干燥器spraydryer平衡含水率equilibriummoisturecontent临界含水率criticalmoisturecontent体积传热系数volumetricheattransfercoefficient热效率thermalefficiency回转炉rotarykiln刨片机flaker包裹筒coatingdrum混料机biender混合器mixer圆桶式混合器drummixer捏土混合器pugmixer捏合机kneader捏合搅拌机kneadermill搅拌机（1）agitator（2）stirrer造粒机pelletizer圆桶式造粒机drumgranulator平板式造粒机pangranulator压缩成型briquetting造粒机pastillator挤压机extruder成型机moldingmachine燃烧装置flaringequipment火炬烟囱elevatedflarestack地面燃烧groundflare分子筛密封molecularseal液封fluidicseal十二公用工程12.1锅炉.蒸汽及给水系统锅炉boiler水管锅炉watertubeboiler废热锅炉wasteheatboiler排气锅炉exhaustgasboiler混合燃料锅炉multi-fuelfiredboiler过热器superheater减温器desuperheater再热器reheater省煤器economizer空气予热器airpreheater煤粉燃烧装置pulverizedcoalfiringequipment燃料油燃烧装置fueloilfiringequipment助燃烧嘴(长明灯)stabilizingburner点火器(1)pilottorch(2)igniter(3)lighter起动用轻油烧嘴(1)warm-uplightoilburner(2)start-uplightoilburner一次空气primaryair烟道气再循环风机gasrecirculatingfan回火(1)backfire(2)blowback(3)puff不连续燃烧discontinuouscombustion脉动燃烧pulsatingcombustion负荷调整范围(1)turn-downratio(2)loadratio(3)loadrange低过量空气操作lowexcessairoperation加压燃烧pressurizedcombustion吹灰器scotblower锅炉自动控制系统automaticboilercontrolsystem气体置换联锁系统purgeinterlock燃料油添加剂fueloiladditives灰处理装置ashhandlingequipment灰沉淀池ashsettlingpond锅炉效率boilerefficiency循环比circulationratio安全阀起跳试验safetyvalaeoperationtest负荷试验loadtest排污blowdown排污罐blowdowntank蒸汽集气罐steamaccumulator蒸汽转化器steamconverter锅炉给水泵boilerfeedwaterpump开车给水泵start-upfeedwaterpump给