2022年高考英语一轮考点微20 书面表达中的高级结构(原卷版)

考向20书面表达中的高级结构

一、高级词汇结构演化

1.occur替换thinkof

SuddenlyIhadanideathatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.—>

Anideaoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.

Itoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.

2.devote替换spend

Hespendsallhissparetimeinreading.—>

Hedevotesallhissparetimetoreading.

3.seek替换want/lookfor

Theysought(wanted)tohidethemselvesbehindthetrees.

4.average替换ordinary

I'manaverage(ordinary)student.

5.but替换very

Thefilmwesawlastnightwasveryinteresting.一

Thefilmwesawlastnightwasnothingbutinteresting.

Thefilmwesawlastnightwasanythingbutboring.

6.seat替换sit

Onhiswaytoschool,hefoundanoldladyseated(sitting)bytheroad,lookingworried.

7.suppose替换should

Heissupposedto(should)havedrivenmoreslowly.

8.appreciate替换thank

Thankyouverymuchforyouhelp.一

Weappreciateyourhelpverymuch./Yourhelpismuchappreciated.

9.thecase替换true

Idon'tthinkitisthecase(true).

10.on替换assoonas

Assoonashearrived,hebeganhisresearch.—>

Onhisarrival,hebeganhisresearch.

11.dueto替换becauseof

Hearrivedlatedueto(becauseof)thestorm.

12.cover替换walk/read

Aftercovering(walking)10miles,weallfelttired.

13.contributeto替换behelpful/useful

PlentyofmemoryworkisundoubtedlyhelpfultoEnglishstudy.一

PlentyofmemoryworkwillundoubtedlycontributetoEnglishstudy.

14.roundthecorner替换comingsoon/nearby

①Thesummervacationisroundthecorner(coming).Doyouhaveanyplans?

②LiMingstudiesinaschoolroundthecorner(nearby).15.cometolight替换discover

Thefamilyweresopleasedwhentheydiscoveredthelostjewels.—>

Thefamilyweresopleasedwhenthelostjewelscametolight.

16.haveaball替换haveagoodtime/enjoyoneself

Aftervisitingtheworkshop,wewentbacktoschool.Everyoneofushadaball(hadagoodtime).

17.comeupwith替换thinkof

Jackisveryclever.Heoftencomesupwith(thinksof)newideas.

18.setaside替换save

Somestudentsthinkthattheyshouldsetasidesomeoftheirpocketmoneyforbooks.

19.beof+n.替换adj.

Theproductsareofhighquality(verygood)andaresoldeverywhereinChina.

20.referto替换talkabout/of,mention

Theprofessoryoureferredto(talkedabout)isveryfamous.

21.cannotbut/cannothelpbut替换havetodo

Icouldnotbut(hadto)gohome.

22.moreoftenthannot替换usually

Moreoftenthannot(Usually),themeaningofmanywordscanbeeasilyguessed.

23.lest替换sothat/inorderthat

IwrotedownhistelephonenumbersothatIwouldnotforgetit.一

IwrotedownhistelephonenumberlestI(should)forgetit.

24.belongforsth./belongtodosth,替换wanttodosth./wishfor

Iwanttoseeyouverymuch.—Iamlongtoseeyou.

25.becaughtupin/becrazyabout/beabsorbedin/beaddictedto替换beinterestedin

Heiscaughtupin(veryinterestedin)collectingstamps.26.morethan替换very

①I'mverygladtolearnthatyouarecominginSeptember.一

I'mmorethangladtolearnthatyouarecominginSeptember.(NMET2003)

②IfthereisanythingIcandoforyou,Iwouldbemorethangladtohelp.

27.perfect(ly)替换good/verywell

Hespeaksperfect(good)English./HespeaksEnglishperfectly(verywell).

28.dosba/thefavor替换help

Wouldyoupleasedomethefavor(helpme)toturndowntheradio?

29.theotherday替换afewdaysago

TheotherdaymybrotherandIwenttothecinemabybicycle.(NMET1997)

30.inthecourseof替换during

Inthecourseof(During)themountain-climbing,pleasehelpeachotherandpayspecialattentiontoyoursaf

ety.

31.themajorityof替换most

Themajorityof(Mostof)theintervieweespreferwatchingTVathometogoingtothecinema.

32.consistof替换bemadeupof

Ourclassconsistsof(ismadeupof)50students.

33.bewornout替换betired/broken

①Afterfivehours'non-stopwork,wewereallwornout(tired).

②Myshoesarewornout(broken).Pleasebuymeanewpair.

二、高级句型结构选用

♦It句型

①Itwillbe+sometime+before,,

Itwon'tbelongbeforehumansvisittheMars.

②Ilis+adj./n.+forsbtodosth.

Itisveryimportantfbrustolearncomputerwell,becauseithaschangedourlifesomuch.

HesaidsinceitwasanewmodelinChina,itwasimpossibletofixitwithouttherightspareparts.

③Itis+被强调部分+that,,

1）ItiswhatYangLiweihasdonethatencouragesusalot.

2）Thosewholikereadingextensivelysayitisthroughreadingthatwegetourknowledge.

♦more„thananyother表示最高级

Amongtheoptionalcourses,spokenEnglishandcomputerstudyaremorepopularthananyoneelse.

♦名词从句

①Itwouldmeanagreatdealtometolistentothetapeandlearnwhatiscoveredinthetalk.

②Myhometownisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.

♦（非限制性）定语从句

①TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet.ItisnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.一

TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet,whichisnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.（NMET2003）

②Itwasquiteanexperienceforusboth,whichI'llneverforgetfortherestofmylife.（2002北京卷）

♦分词结构

①Idon'tknowaboutothers,butIusedtohavetoworkevenatweekendsdoingendlesshomeworkandattending

classesaswell.（NMET2001）

②We'llmostlystayathomeintheeveningwatchingTV,playinggames,andmeetingpeople.（2004全国卷H）

③Hearingthis,afewpeoplebegantorunafterhim.

④BorninAmerican,ThomasEdisonwasagreatscientistandinventor.（2008年湖南卷）

♦with结构

①Aterribleaccidenthappenedyesterday,withninepeoplekilledandalmosteightyinjured.

②Hewascarryingabedrollandalargebagonhisshoulder,withalargesuitcaseinhislefthand.

♦倒装句

①Thelibraryistotheeastoftheteachingbuilding.—Eastoftheteachingbuildingisthelibrary.

②Althoughwearetired,wearehappy.—Tiredasweare,wearehappy.

③Onlyinthiswaycanhegrowtobeausefulman.(2002上海卷)

④Mayallyourdreamscometrue!Mayourfriendshiplasttilltheendoftheuniverse.!(2007年湖南卷)

♦被动语态

①Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.(NMET2002)

②Allclassesaretaughtbyteacherswithrichexperienceinteachingforeignstudents.(2004全国卷IV)

③Newfactories,housesandroadshavebeenbuilt.(2004江苏卷)

♦巧妙的改写

(1)Only改成noonebut

OnlyTompassedtheexamlastweek.一NoonebutTompassedtheexam.

(2)assoonas,，改成Nosooner,,than,,/Hardly,,when,/Immediately,/Themoment

Nosoonerhadwearrivedatthecinemathanthefilmstarted.

(3)havesb/sthdo/done

Thegirlwasknockedoffherbicycleandhadherlegbroken(herlegwasbroken.).

(4)变换插入语的位置

①However,theysuggestfeesshouldbechargedlow,一Theysuggest,however,feesshouldbechargedlow.

②Ithinkthisisagoodchanceforyoutoshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou'velearnedChinese.—>

Thisisagoodchanceforyou,Ithink,toshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou'velearnedChinese.

(5)用同位语代替非限制性定语从句

Meimei,whoissevenyearsold,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseveraldays.一

Meimei,agirlofthirteen,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseveraldays.

Shakespeare,asonfromapoorfamily,amanoflittleeducation,wroteplaysandpoemsthatarereadalloverthe

world.♦其它

(1)注重句子的开头

①用with复合结构开头

Withthesunsettinginthewest,wehadtowavegoodbyetotheworkers.

Withhishelp,we'velearnedhowtoanalyzeandsettleproblems.(2006年湖南卷)

Withthefunctionsofinserting,deleting,movingandcopying,itenablesustoedittest,browsewebpageanddow

nloadwhatwewant.(2009年江苏卷)

②用非谓语动词形式开头

i)InordertoimproveourEnglish,ourschoolheldanEnglishcontest.

ii)Walkingtowardsthecinema,hemetaforeigner.

(2)长短句交错使用(注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好)

三、观点陈述高级句型示例

(-)批驳句型

1.Itistruethatbutonevitalpointisbeingleftout.

2.Thereisagrainoftruthinthesestatements,buttheyignoreamoreimportantfact.

3.Somepeoplesaybutitdoesnotholdwater.

4.Manyofushavebeenundertheillusionthat...

5.Acloseexaminationwouldrevealhowridiculousthestatementis.

6.Itmakesnosensetoarguefor...

7.Toomuchstressplacedon...mayleadto...

8.Suchastatementmainlyrestsontheassumptionthat...

9.Contrarytowhatiswidelyaccepted,Imaintainthat...

(二)比较句型

1.Theadvantagefaroutweighthedisadvantages.

2.TheadvantagesofAaremuchgreaterthanthoseofB.

3.AmaybepreferabletoB,butAsuffersfromthedisadvantagesthat...

4.Itisreasonabletomaintainthat...butitwouldbefoolishtoclaimthat...

5.Forallthedisadvantages,ithasitscompensatingadvantages.

6.Likeanythingelse,ithasitsfaults.

7.AandBhasseveralpointsincommon.

8.AbearssomeresemblancestoB.

9.However,thesameisnotapplicabletoB.

10.AandBdifferinseveralways.

11.Evidently,ithasbothnegativeandpositiveeffects.

12.Peopleusedtothinkbutthingsaredifferentnow.

13.ThesameistrueofB.

14.WonderingasAis,ithasitsdrawbacks.

15.ItistruethatA,butthechieffaults(obviousdefects)are...

（三）表示“数据”的常用句型

1.hadthelargestpercentage/proportionof...

2.account（s）fbr/take（s）up10%...

3.ComparedwithA,Bhasahigherpercentage.

4.Onthetopofthelistof...,whichaccountsfor60%.

5.Atthebottomis...,whichtakesup20%.

6.AissecondtoB.

7.Aisranked/ratedfirst,followedbyBat30%andCat25%.

（四）表示“说明”的常用句型

1.Aswecanseefromthechart/graph/table/diagram...

2.Thechart/graph/table/diagramshows/displaysthat...

3.As/Canbeshowin/Accordingtothechart/graph/table/diagram...

4.Thefigures/statisticsinthechartreflect/show/reveal（that）...

5.Thechart/graph/table/diagramillustrates/describes...

6.Itisclear/apparent/fromthechart/graph/table/diagram...

（五）提出解决方案的常用句型

1.Thefirstkeyfactortosolvethisproblem...Anotherkeyfactoris...

2.Peoplehavefoundmanysolution/approachestodealingwiththisproblem.

3.Thenhowshouldwesolvethisproblem?Herearesomesuggestionwhichmaybesomeofhelp.

4.Facedwith...weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituation.

5.Itishightime...Hereareafewexamplesthatmightbetakenimmediately.

6.Weneedittakeafresh/dear/lookatthismatter/situationinanewperspective/fromawinderstandpoint.

Otherwise,wewon'tcomeanywherenearsolvingit.

7.Itisessential/indispensable/thatproperaction/effectivemeasuresshouldbetakentoreversethissituation/trend.

8.Noeffective/simplesolutioncanbeathand/tackletheproblemof...Butthegeneralfirststepintheright

direction.

（六）分析原因常用句型

I.Thereasonscanbelistedasfollows.Foronething...Foranother...

2.Whathascontributedtothisproblem?Inthefirstplace...Inthesecondplace...

3.Perhapsthemain/primary/mostimportantreasonis...

4.Itisnoeasytoidentifythereasonfbr...whichinvolveseveralcomplicatedfactors.

5.Anumberoffactorscouldaccountfor/leadto/contributeto/resultin/beconductiveto...

6.Onemaytrace/attributethisproblemto...

7.Thisproblemmayresultfrom/largelydueto/stemfromacombinationoffactors.

8.Theexplanationfbrthisphenomenoninvolvesmanycomplexreasons...

9.Thereareavarietyofreasonsfbrthisphenomenon.

10.Therearethreereasonsfbrthis.

(七)表示“说明”的常用句型

1.Aswecanseefromthechart/graph/table/diagram...

2.Thechart/graph/table/diagramshows/displaysthat...

3.As/Canbeshowin/Accordingtothechart/graph/table/diagram...

4.Thefigures/statisticsinthechartreflect/show/reveal(that)...

5.Thechart/graph/table/diagramillustrates/describes...

6.Itisclear/apparent/fromthechart/graph/table/diagram...

【检测训练】

1.假定你是李华，你班的交换生Mike因在“用英语讲中国故事”比赛中表现欠佳而心情低落。请你给他写

一封电子邮件，内容包括：

1.进行安慰；

2.写作提示原因；

3.提出建议。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

2.假定你是李华，前天是Anne的生日，但你忘了赴约。请根据以下内容向Anne写一封道歉信。内容包

括：

1.说明原因；

2.表达歉意；

3.补救的办法。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.信中不能出现与本人相关的真实信息。

3.学校英语报社向学生征文，主题是“Greatchangesinrecentyears”。请根据下列要点完成短文。

1.工作方面的变化；

2.生活方面的变化；

3.你的感想。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。

Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmanyfieldsin

recentyears.

4.假定你是李华，美国朋友Linda想来你所在的城市学习中国古典舞蹈，来信向你咨询相关信息，请你给

她回信，内容包括：

1.写信目的；

2.推荐舞蹈教师；

3.表达希望。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

5.假定你是李华，作为校英文报的记者，你打算与外教Denny预约一次采访。请你给他写封邮件，内容

包括：1.采访时间：周一下午2点整；2.采访地点：外教办公室；

3.采访内容：如何提高英语阅读和写作能力。

注意：1.词数80左右；开头结尾已给，不算在总字数之内。2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

DearTerry,

Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.

Yours,

LiHua

6.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Sigridfinishedmilkingthecowandsteppedoutofthebarnintothecoldair.Itwasalmostsummer,but

icebergsstillfilledthenarrowsea.Shesetthebucketdown,onlytofindthatthemilkreachedmerelyhalfwayto

thetop.Ifwedon'tgetmorefoodsoon,shethoughtanxiously,wewillhavetoeatthecow.Andthenwhatwillwe

do?

GrandfatherusedtotellherthatwhentheirNorseancestorsfirstcametoGreenland,thefieldswererichwith

grass.Butinrecentyears,theclimatehasbeengettingcolderandthesummersshorter.Whenhergrandfatherwas

alittleboy,therewereasmanyasfifteencowsinthefamily*sbam.Nowthereisjustone.Andthefamilyhas

barelyenoughhaytofeedit.

Agustofwindsendingachilldownherspine,Sigridstuffedherhandsintothepocketstowarmthem.Her

fingersfelthermostprizedpossession,apieceofredclothshe'dhadsinceshewasasmallgirl.Shetookthecloth

outofherpocketandletitunfold.Itwasbarelylongerthanherarm.Butitsbrilliantcolourwasbrightagainstthe

stark（荒凉的）landscape.Theclothhadoncebeenpartofadress—inhappier,moreprosperoustimes.Nobody

dresseslikethatanymore.

Withice-filledseas,shipsnolongerarrivewithfoodsandgoodstotrade.Allofasudden,movementonthe

watercaughtSigrid'seye.Alightboatmovedsilentlybetweentheicebergs.AnInukboy,aboutSigrid'sage,was

lookingherway,staringattheredclothfluttering（飘动）inthebreeze.Ahuntingweaponwastiedtothefrontof

hisboat.Anddraggingbehinditwasalargefish.SigridknewtherehadbeenfightsbetweentheInuitandthe

Norse.Buttheboyhadakindfaceanddidnotreachforhisweapon.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Shecouldn'thelpbutwonderwhattodo.

Theboyputtheclothintohispocketandreturnedtohisboat.

7.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为

150左右。

Awaterbearerhadtwolargepots,eachhungoneachendofapolewhichhecarriedacrosshisneck.Oneof

thepotshadacrackinit,andwhiletheotherpotwasperfectandalwaysdeliveredafullportionofwateratthe

endofthelongwalkfromthestreamtothemaster'shouse,thecrackedpotarrivedonlyhalffull.

Forafulltwoyears,thiswentondaily,withthebearerdeliveringonlyoneandahalfpotsfullofwaterinhis

master'shouse.Ofcourse,theperfectpotwasproudofitsaccomplishments,perfecttotheendforwhichitwas

made.Butthepoorcrackedpotwasashamedofitsownimperiectionandmiserablethatitwasabletoaccomplish

onlyhalfofwhatithadbeenmadetodo.

Aftertwoyearsofwhatitperceivedtobeabitterfailure,itspoketothewaterbeareronedaybythestream.

nIamashamedofmyself,andIwanttoapologizetoyou".Thebearerasked,"Why?Whatareyouashamedof?”

Thepotreplied,"ForthesepasttwoyearsIamabletodeliveronlyhalfofmyloadbecausethiscrackinmyside

causeswatertoleakoutallthewaybacktoyourmaster'shouse.Becauseofmyflaws,youdon'tgetfullvaluefor

yourefforts'1.

Thewaterbearerfeltsorryfortheoldcrackedpot,andinhiscompassion,hesaid,“Aswereturntothe

master'shouse,Iwantyoutonoticethebeautifulflowersalongthepath.*'Astheywentupthehill,theoldcracked

pottooknoticeofthesunwarmingthebeautifulwildflowersonthesideofthepath,andthischeereditsomewhat.

Butattheendofthetrail,itstillfeltbadbecauseithadleakedouthalfitsload,andsoagainitapologizedtothe

bearerforitsfailure.

Paragraph1:

“Didyounoticethattherewereflowersonlyonyoursideofyourpath,butnotontheotherpot*sside?”Th