新教材2025版高中英语Unit4BodyLanguageSectionⅠReadingandThinking学案新人教版选择性必修第一册

UNIT4BODYLANGUAGE主题语境人与社会——跨文化沟通背景导入：手语是聋人沟通的主要形式，已经运用了数百年。然而，手势只是手语者用来表达意思的多种肢体语言中的一种，非手动元素对手语运用者的重要性你知道吗？Signlanguage,theprimary①formofcommunicationofthedeafcommunity,hasbeeninuseforhundredsofyears.You'reprobablymostfamiliarwithAmericanSignLanguage,butsignlanguageisusedallovertheworldandhasnearly150variations②.Signlanguageinterpreters③canbeseeneverywherefromclassroomsandgraduationceremonies④tomajorsportingevents.Whenyouthinkofsignlanguage,youmostlikelyimaginesignersusingtheirhandstoformwordsandletters.However,handsareonlyoneofthemanydifferentbodylanguagetechniquesthatsignersusetogettheirmeaningacross⑤.Infact,muchofthegrammaticalstructureofsignlanguageisnotindicatedbythesigner'shands.Whilethehandsareresponsibleforformingthewordsthemselves,markerscalled“non-manualelements”controlmuchofthelanguages'grammaticalstructure.Non-manualelements(ormarkers)arebodylanguagetechniquesthatdon'tusethehands.Theseincludeheadmovements,bodypositioningandfacialexpressions.Usedtogetherwiththesigns,theseelementsgivesignlanguageasubtle⑥andextremelycomplicated⑦grammaticalstructure.LinguistAndreaLacknerfromAlpcn-AdriaUniversityinAustriadidastudythatshowsjusthowimportantthesenon-manualelementsaretosignlanguageusers.Thestudyassessedjusthowmanydifferentthingsnon-manualelementscando.Forthisstudy,allparticipantsweredeafusersofAustrianSignLanguage.Theywatchedavideoofsomeoneusingsignlanguage,andtheyhadtodescribethepurposeofeachnon-manualelement.Theresultswereverycomplicated.Forinstance,thingsassubtleasthedirectionofthesigner'sgazecanindicatewhetherornotastatementishypothetical(假设的).Asingleheadmovementcanindicatetheemotionofastatement,orasigner'sfeelingstowardahypotheticalquestion.Bodylanguageisalwaysimportant,butinsignlanguage,itcanchangetheentiremeaningofasentence！①primaryadj.主要的，首要的②variationn．变更，变动③interpretern．口译者，译员④graduationceremony毕业典礼⑤getacross使……被理解⑥subtleadj.敏锐的，有洞察力的；敏捷的⑦complicatedadj.困难的[顺手记]SectionⅠReadingandThinking每/日/金/句：Themostuniversalfacialexpressionisthesmile.微笑是最普遍的面部表情。课前预习设计自读课文疏通文脉大意Task1文本整体理解：理清文章架构1．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Communication.B．Spokenlanguage.C．Bodylanguage.D．Differentcultures.2．Matchthemainideawitheachpart.Para.1____ A．Thesamegesturemayhavedifferentmeaningsindifferentcountries.Para.2____ B．Smilinghasmanydifferentuses.Paras.3～4____ C．Bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.Para.5____ D．Bothwordsandbodylanguageareofimportanceininteractionswithothers.Para.6____ E．Somegesturesseemtohavethesamemeaningeverywhere.Task2文本细微环节理解：探寻语篇细微环节理解1.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph1?A．Wordsspeaklouderthanbodylanguage.B．Bodylanguageismoreusefulthanwords.C．Peopleprefertoexpresstheirfeelingsinwords.D．Bodylanguageplaysanimportantroleindailycommunication.2．Whatisthepurposeofthesecondparagraph?A．Totellushowimportantbodylanguageis.B．Toshowanidenticalgesturemayhavedifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.C．Tostopmenandwomenmakingeyecontactwhiletalking.D．Toremindustolookdownwhiletalkingtoanolderpersontoshowrespect.3．Howdoesthepassagedevelop?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bygivingdata.C．Bygivingdefinition.D．Byanalysingfacts.4．Whatwillyoudotoexpress“Iamfull”？A．Placingyourhandstogether.B．Placingyourhandsonthestomach.C．Shakingyourhead.DMovingyourhandincirclesoveryourstomach.Task3文本理解续写佳句1.细读第四段找出描述肢体语言的句子________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．细读文章找出排比的句子________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________精读课文疏通理解障碍[读文清障]①interaction/ˌIntər'ækʃn/n.沟通；相互影响②vary/'veəri/vi.(依据状况)变更；变更③appropriate/ə'prəʊpriət/adj.合适的；恰当的④bycontrast相比之下⑤approve/ə'pruːv/vi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过⑥demonstrate/'demənstreIt/vt.表现；表达；说明；证明⑦gesture/'dʒestʃə(r)/n.手势；姿态；姿态⑧witness/'wItnəs/vt.当场看到；目击；见证n．目击者；证人⑨employ/Im'plɔI/vt.运用；应用；雇用⑩identical/aI'dentIkl/adj.相同的⑪interpret/In'tɜːprIt/vt.把……理解(说明)为vi.&vt.口译⑫differ/'dIfə(r)/vi.相异；不同于⑬bycomparison(与……)相比较⑭Bulgaria/bʌl'ɡeəriə/保加利亚(国家名)⑮Albania/æl'beIniə/阿尔巴尼亚(国家名)⑯cheek/tʃiːk/n.脸蛋；脸颊⑰favour/'feIvə(r)/vt.较宠爱；选择；有利于n．帮助；恩惠；赞同⑱bow/baʊ/vi.鞠躬；点头vt.低(头)；/bəʊ/n.弓；蝴蝶结⑲waist/weIst/n.腰；腰部⑳breakdown消退；分解；打破㉑barrier/'bæriə(r)/n.隔阂；障碍[原文呈现]LISTENINGTOHOWBODIESTALKWeusebothwordsandbodylanguagetoexpressourthoughtsandopinionsinourinteractions①withotherpeople.Wecanlearnalotaboutwhatpeoplearethinkingbywatchingtheirbodylanguage.Wordsareimportant,butthewaypeoplestand,holdtheirarms,andmovetheirhandscanalsogiveusinformationabouttheirfeelings.Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevaries②fromculturetoculture.Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriate③tothecultureyouarein.Forexample,makingeyecontact—lookingintosomeone'seyes—insomecountriesisawaytodisplayinterest.Inothercountries,bycontrast④，eyecontactisnotalwaysapproved⑤of.Forexample,inmanyMiddleEasterncountries,menandwomenarenotsociallypermittedtomakeeyecontact.1InJapan,itmaydemonstrate⑥respecttolookdownwhentalkingtoanolderperson.Thegesture⑦for“OK”hasdifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.InJapan,someonewhowitnesses⑧anotherpersonemploying⑨thegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.InFrance,apersonencounteringanidentical⑩gesturemayinterpret⑪itasmeaningzero.However,youshouldavoidmakingthisgestureinBrazilandGermany,asitisnotconsideredpolite.Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differ⑫aroundtheworld.Inmanycountries,shakingone'sheadmeans“no”，andnoddingmeans“yes”.Bycomparison⑬，inBulgaria⑭andsouthernAlbania⑮，thegestureshavetheoppositemeaning.2Therearealsodifferencesinhowwetoucheachother,howclosewestandtosomeonewearetalkingto,andhowweactwhenwemeetorpart.IncountrieslikeFranceandRussia,peoplemaykisstheirfriendsonthecheek⑯whentheymeet.Elsewhere,peoplefavour⑰shakinghands,bowing⑱fromthewaist⑲，ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.Somegesturesseemtohavethesamemeaningeverywhere.Placingyourhandstogetherandrestingthemonthesideofyourheadwhileclosingyoureyesmeans“sleep”．Agoodwayofsaying“Iamfull”ismovingyourhandincirclesoveryourstomachafterameal.Somebodylanguagehasmanydifferentuses.Perhapsthebestexampleissmiling.Asmilecanhelpusgetthroughdifficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers.Asmilecanbreakdown⑳barriers㉑.Wecanuseasmiletoapologise,togreetsomeone,toaskforhelp,ortostartaconversation.Expertssuggestsmilingatyourselfinthemirrortomakeyourselffeelhappierandstronger.Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereisnothingbetterthanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.[课文翻译]倾听身体的诉说在与他人沟通时，我们既运用言语也通过身势语来表达我们的想法和观点。通过视察别人的身势语，我们可以了解很多他们的想法。言语当然重要，但是人们站立、双手抱臂和移动双手的方式也能帮助我们了解他们的情感。就像口头语言一样，身势语因文化而异。关键是运用身势语的方式要与你所处的文化相适应。例如，在有些国家，眼神沟通——直视别人的眼睛——是表示爱好的一种方式。相反，在另一些国家，眼神沟通并不总是被认可。例如，在很多中东国家，男性和女性不被允许在社交场合进行眼神沟通。1.在日本，和年长的人讲话时，目光向下表示敬重。“OK”这个手势在不同的文化中有不同的含义。在日本，一个人看到另一个人用这个手势，可能会认为这表示金钱。在法国，看到同一个手势的人可能会将其解读为“零”。但是在巴西和德国，你应当避开运用这个手势，因为它被认为是不礼貌的。甚至我们用来表示“是”与“不是”的身势语，在世界各地也不同。在很多国家，摇头表示“不”，点头表示“是”。相比之下，在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚南部，这两种身势语的含义是相反的。2.差异还表现在我们彼此接触的方式，我们站着交谈时与谈话对象的距离，以及我们见面或告辞时的行为。在法国和俄罗斯这样的国家，人们和挚友见面时可能会亲吻他们的脸颊。在其他地方，人们见面时更宠爱握手、弯腰鞠躬或者点头。有些手势好像在每个地方都有相同的含义。双手并拢放在头的一侧，同时闭上眼睛表示“睡觉”。用餐后轻轻用手在肚子上画圈是一种表示“我饱了”的好方式。某些身势语有很多不同的用途。或许最好的例子就是微笑。微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关，在生疏人的世界里找到挚友。微笑可以消退隔阂。我们可以用微笑来致歉、跟某人打招呼、寻求帮助或者起先对话。专家建议对着镜子微笑来让自己更欢乐、更坚毅。而且当我们感到懊丧或孤独时，没有什么比看到好挚友的笑脸更好的了。自查语基落实基本知能Ⅰ.核心词汇依据语境写出正确的单词1．________respect表示敬重2．________anotherpersonnodding当场看到另一个人点头3．an________gesture相同的手势4．________itasmeaningzero把它说明为零5．kisssb.onthe________吻在某人的脸颊上6．________fromthewaist弯身弓腰鞠躬7．domea________帮帮忙8．anatural________一道自然屏障9．aserious________一起严峻事务10．take________action实行适当措施11．communicateentirelyby________完全用手势沟通Ⅱ.拓展词汇依据语境写出相应的派生词1．①________well沟通良好②social________社交2．①________fromculturetoculture因文化而异②forvariousreasons因各种各样的缘由③a________ofreasons各种各样的缘由3．①________othergestures运用其他手势②aformer________一位以前的员工③admiremy________观赏我的雇主4．①________greatlyincharacter性格差异很大②have________likesanddislikes各有不同的好恶③________thedifferencebetween...and...辨别……和……之间的区分5．①burstintoanger勃然大怒②be________withsb.生某人的气6．①a________guide可信任的向导②________onsb.依靠某人7．①________theproposals批准这些提议②meetwithyour________得到您的批准构词规律Ⅲ.依据给出的构词规则写出下列单词-able常用于动词之后构成形容词，表示“属于，倾向性”等。relyv．→reliableadj.牢靠的；可信任的movev．→________adj.可移动的comfortv．→________adj.劝慰的Ⅳ.重点短语1．____________相比之下2．____________(与……)相比较3．____________推理；推断4．____________消退；分解；打破5．____________直起来；整理；整理整齐6．____________在……到……之间变更7．____________对……适合8．____________通过；度过9．____________理解，明白10．____________吻某人的脸颊Ⅴ.重点句型1．[句型]theway是先行词，后跟省略that/inwhich的定语从句[教材]Wordsareimportant,but________________________，holdtheirarms,andmovetheirhandscanalsogiveusinformationabouttheirfeelings.言语重要，但是人们站立、握紧手臂、移动双手的方式也能帮助我们了解他们的心情。2．句型：“否定词＋比较级”表达最高级含义[教材]Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,________________________seeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.假如我们感到懊丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好挚友的笑脸更好的了。3．句型：状语从句省略[教材]InJapan,itmaydemonstraterespecttolookdown________________________________．在日本，与年长的人交谈时，目光向下表示敬重。Ⅵ.理清困难句式1．[教材]Wordsareimportant,butthewaypeoplestand,holdtheirarms,andmovetheirhandscanalsogiveusinformationabouttheirfeelings.[分析][翻译]___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．[教材]Therearealsodifferencesinhowwetoucheachother,howclosewestandtosomeonewearetalkingto,andhowweactwhenwemeetorpart.[分析][翻译]___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．[教材]InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.[分析][翻译]___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________课堂提升素养探究新知发展语言学问1.(教材P38)Justlikespokenlanguage,bodylanguagevariesfromculturetoculture.就像口语一样，肢体语言也因文化而异。◎varyvi.(依据状况)变更；变更(1)varyfrom...to...由……到……不等varywith...随……而变更varyin...在……方面有变更(2)varietyn.多样性avarietyof＝varietiesof各种各样的(3)variousadj.各种各样的[佳句]Ilikereadingverymuch,especiallythestorybooks,varyingfromChinesestoriestoEnglishstories.我特别宠爱读书，尤其是小说，无论是中文的还是英文的。[练通]——单句语法填空①AsinChina,theclimateinCanada________(vary),dependingonthearea.②BylearningEnglish,wecanbroadenourviewandincreaseourknowledgein________(vary)fields.③Theresearchersexamined________(vary)levelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsofcreativethinking.[写美]——应用文之举荐信④文学社举荐了各种各样的好书，激励我们从阅读中获得乐趣。TheLiteratureSociety________________________________________________，encouragingustogetpleasureoutofreading.2．(教材P38)Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein.最重要的是要以一种适合你所处的文化的方式来运用肢体语言。◎appropriateadj.合适的；恰当的(1)beappropriatefor/to适合……Itisappropriate(forsb.)todosth.(对某人来说)做某事是合适的。Itis(not)appropriatethatsb.(should)dosth.某人做某事是(不)合适的。(2)appropriatelyadv.适当地[佳句]Shewassocarelessawomanthatthetoughjobwasnotappropriateforher.她是如此马虎的一个女子，所以那项艰苦的工作不适合她。[练通]——单句语法填空①Itisappropriatethatwe________(start)acampaigntoprotectourenvironment.②It'snecessaryforyoutomakeyourchildknowthatyouexpecthimtoact________(appropriate)towardotherpeople.[写美]——词汇升级③Asforme,Idon'tthinkitissuitableforparentstoquittheirjobsinordertoprovidebetterconditionsfortheirchildren.→Asforme,Idon'tthinkitis________forparentstoquittheirjobsinordertoprovidebetterconditionsfortheirchildren.3．(教材P38)Inothercountries,bycontrast,eyecontactisnotalwaysapprovedof.相比之下，在其他国家，人们并不总是赞成目光接触。◎bycontrast相比之下incontrastto/with与……相比；与……不同/相反[佳句]Shehadalmostfailedintheexam,buthersister,bycontrast,haddoneverywell.她考试差点儿不及格，相比之下，她姐姐却考得很好。[写美]——补全句子①你看他们的新系统，相比之下，我们的就显得太过时了。Whenyoulookattheirnewsystem,oursseemsveryold-fashioned________________．②玛丽又矮又胖，与她又高又瘦的姐姐黯然失色。Marywasshortandfat,________________hersisterwhowastallandslim.◎approvevi.赞成；同意vt.批准；通过(1)disapprovevt.不赞成；不同意(2)approvaln.赞成；通过；同意；认可；批准meetwith/earnone'sapproval得到某人的赞许giveone'sapprovaltosth.批准/同意某事[佳句]Nowthatyouhaveapprovedofmyidea,Iwillintroduceittoyouindetail.既然您赞成我的办法，我就具体地向您介绍一下。[练通]——单句语法填空③Luckilyenough,myapplicationtobeavolunteer________________(approve)．④Wehavemadeadjustmentstoourplansothatitcanmeetwithyour________(approve)．[写美]——应用文写作⑤我担忧你父母不会赞成你到那儿去。I'mafraidyourparentswon't________________________．4．(教材P38)InJapan,someonewhowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesturemightthinkitmeansmoney.在日本，有人假如看到另一个人用这个手势，可能会认为这意味着钱。◎witnessvt.当场看到；目击；见证n．目击者；证人；证据(1)witnesssth.目击某事witnesstosth./doingsth.作证，证明某事/做某事(2)awitnesstosth.某事的证人givewitnesstosth.为某事作证；证明[佳句]Hisgoodhealthisawitnesstothesuccessofthetreatment.他身体健康证明这种疗法是胜利的。[练通]——单句语法填空①Ourcity________(witness)fourdifferentseasons,plentyofsunshineandgoodrainfall,butinwinteryoumayfeelalittlecold.②Thepasttenyears________(witness)therapiddevelopmentofChina'seconomy.[写美]——一句多译我们全部人在茶室里玩得很快乐。③Weall________________________________intheteahouse.(have)④Theteahouse____________________________forallofus.(witnessvt.)◎employvt.运用；应用；雇用(1)employsb.as...雇用某人作……employsb.todosth.雇用某人做某事(2)employern.雇用者；雇主；老板employeen.雇工；雇员employmentn.职业；工作[佳句]Thebossemployedasecretarytohelphimwithhiswork.老板雇来一位秘书来帮助他的工作。[练通]——单句语法填空/揣测加黑词的含义⑤Inotherwords,employingbodylanguageappropriatelycanhelpyoubreakdownbarriersincommunication.________⑥Mybrotherwasemployedinpreparingforthecomingexamandhedidn'thavetimetoenjoythevariousactivities.________⑦The________ofthecompanyis________intraininghis________(employ).[写美]——应用文之申请信⑧一旦有幸被雇用，我将用最大的努力回报您的信任。________________________________________________________________________,Iwillsparenoefforttorepayyouforyourtrust.5．(教材P38)Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld.即使我们表示“是”和“不是”的手势在世界各地也不尽相同。◎differvi.相异；不同于(1)differfrom与……不同/有区分differin在……方面不同differwithsb.on/about/oversth.与某人在某事上持不同看法(2)differentadj.不同的bedifferentfrom与……不同(3)differencen.不同，差别makeadifference有影响，有重要作用[佳句]Itisobviousthatthetwinsdifferfromeachotherincharacter.很明显，这对双胞胎在性格方面不一样。[练通]——单句语法填空①WhatIwillchoosediffers________whatyouhavesuggested.②Thereisnodenyingthatcustomsdiffer________differentcountries.③________students________fromeachotherinmanyaspects.Buteveryonecanmakea________totheschool.(differ)[写美]——应用文佳句④你如何提升自己对你将来的生活有影响。Itishowyouimproveyourselfthat________________________yourlifeinthefuture.6．(教材P38)Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.在其他地方，人们见面时更宠爱握手、鞠躬或点头。◎favourvt.较宠爱；选择；有利于n．帮助；恩惠；赞同(1)dosb.afavour帮某人一个忙owesb.afavour欠某人一个人情infavourof赞成；主见(2)favouriteadj.特殊受宠爱的[佳句]Themanagerwassurprisedtolearnthatpeoplepresentatthemeetingwerenotinfavouroftheplan.经理得知出席会议的人不支持他的安排很惊讶。[练通]——单句语法填空①Opportunity________(favor)thosewithacuriousmind.②Ourproductshavegoodfameathomeandabroad,deeply________(favour)bycustomers.[写美]——词汇升级③WesincerelyhopeyoucanhelpusandguideushowtoadaptastoryfromourEnglishtextbookforashortplay.→Wesincerelyhopeyoucan________________________andguideushowtoadaptastoryfromourEnglishtextbookforashortplay.7．(教材P39)Asmilecanbreakdownbarriers.微笑可以打破障碍。◎breakdown(机器)损坏；破坏；(谈判、安排等)失败；裂开；(身体)垮掉；(化学)分解[练通]——写出下列句中breakdown的含义①Thepeacetalksbrokedownwithnoagreementreached.________②Yourhealthwillbreakdownifyoualwaysstayuplate.________③Thetruckmydaddroveoftenbrokedownontheway,whichmademydadintrouble.________④Plasticbagsaredifficulttobreakdown.________8．(教材P39)Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely,thereisnothingbetterthanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend.假如我们感到懊丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好挚友的笑脸更好的了。◎句型公式：否定词与比较级连用表最高级含义本句中否定词nothing与比较级better连用，表示最高级的含义。表示最高级含义的几种特殊结构：(1)否定词＋比较级，“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”，常用的否定词有no,not,never,nothing,nobody,hardly等。(2)“can/could＋never/not...enough/too...”意为“再……也不过分”。[佳句]Youcan'tattachtoogreatimportancetoyourchild'sreceivingagoodeducation.你如何重视让孩子接受良好的教化都不为过。[练通]——单句语法填空①Howbeautifullyshesings!Ihaveneverhearda________(good)voice.②ItwasnotuntilthenthatIsuddenlyrealizednobodywas________(happy)thanIwas.[写美]——句型转换③Sheisthemosthard-workingstudentinherclass.→________________________________________________________________________9．(教材P39)Whichisamorereliableguideforunderstandingsomeone'sfeelings,theirbodylanguageorthewordstheyspeak?哪一个能更牢靠地帮助你了解一个人的感受，是他们的肢体语言还是他们所说的话？◎reliableadj.牢靠的；可信任的relyv.信任，信任；依靠，依靠relyonsb.todosth.relyonsb.doingsth.relyonitthat...信任/依靠……[佳句]Sheisareliablegirl.Wegetalongwellwitheachotherallthetime.她是一个牢靠的女孩。我们始终相处得很开心。[练通]——单句语法填空①Wearelookingforsomeonewhois________(rely)andhard-working.②Nowadaysparentshavedoneeverythingfortheirsinglechildren,whichmakesthechildrenrely________theirparentsbadly.[写美]——一句多译你可以信任当你在困难时我会帮助你。③Youcan________________________whenyouareintrouble.④Youcan________________________whenyouareintrouble.⑤Youcan____________