浙江省杭州市2023-2024学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省杭州市2023-2024学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题第一部分：听力（略）第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AEDINBURGHINTERNATIONALFESTIVALBookinginadvanceforthe2024Festivalopensbymembershiplevel:·GoldAmbassador—Thursday14March·SilverAmbassador&Ambassador—Friday15March·GoldFriend&SilverFriend—Monday18March·Friend—Tuesday19MarchBookingopensforthegeneralpubliconThursday21March.Becomeamembertodaytoaccessbookinginadvance.HowtoBookOnlineBookingIfyouhavebookedwithusbefore,youshouldbeabletologinwiththesameemailaddressandpasswordthatyoupreviouslyused.Ifyou’veforgottenyourpassword,youcanrequestanewpasswordbyclickingthe‘Forgottenyourpassword?’linkontheaccountpage.TelephoneBookingFrom1stto25thAugustourphonelinesareopenMonday—Sunday,10:00am—8:00pm.Outsideofthesedates,ourphonelinesareopenMonday—Friday12:00—4:00pm,andclosedonSaturdayandSunday.GiftVouchers(券)GiftvoucherscanbeusedtobookInternationalFestivaltickets.Youcanbuygiftvouchersforanyamountyouwishandcheckyourbalanceonlineatanytime.Giftvoucherscan’tbeused24monthsafteryoubuythem.TheatreTokensIfyouwouldliketoredeem(兑换)TheatreTokenswhenbookingtickets,pleasephonetheBoxOfficeon131473200.TheatreTokenscannotberedeemedonline.AccessinformationSigningupfortheAccessPassallowsyoutobookonlineforwheelchairspaces,essentialcompaniontickets,seatswiththebestview,touchtoursandrelaxedperformances.YoualsocanrequesttoreceivetheAccessGuide,whichisproducedalongsideourbrochurewithdetailedinformationaboutvenueaccessandouraccessibleperformancesprogramme.PleasevisitourAccessPageforfurtherinformation.21.TobookbeforeMarch18th,youmustbeatleast________.A.aFriend B.aGoldFriend C.anAmbassador D.aGoldAmbassador22.Whatshouldyouknowaboutbooking?A.Theatretokenscanberedeemedbyphone. B.Giftvoucherscanbeusedforovertwoyears.C.Youhavetoaccesswithanewemailaddress. D.TelephonebookingisavailableanytimeinAugust.23.WhatisanadvantageoftheAccessPass?A.Itoffersaguidedtour. B.Itallowsbookingforwheelchairspaces.C.Itprovidesthebestseatsforfree. D.Itoffersdiscountedticketsforperformances.〖答案〗21.C22.A23.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了参加爱丁堡国际艺术节的相关事宜，包括各会员等级对应的预定时间、预定方式以及注册通行证的优势等。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据文章开头部分的“Bookinginadvanceforthe2024Festivalopensbymembershiplevel(2024年电影节的门票可以根据会员级别提前预订)”、“SilverAmbassador&Ambassador—Friday15March(银色大使和大使：3月15日星期五)”和“GoldFriend&SilverFriend—Monday18March(金色好友和银色好友：3月18日星期一)”可知，要在3月18日之前预订，你的会员等级必须至少是大使。故选C项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据HowtoBook下TheatreTokens中“Ifyouwouldliketoredeem(兑换)TheatreTokenswhenbookingtickets,pleasephonetheBoxOfficeon131473200.TheatreTokenscannotberedeemedonline.(如欲在购票时兑换剧场代金券，请致电131473200向票务处查询。剧场代金券不能在线兑换)”可知，剧场代金券可通过电话兑换。故选A项。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据Accessinformation中“SigningupfortheAccessPassallowsyoutobookonlineforwheelchairspaces,essentialcompaniontickets,seatswiththebestview,touchtoursandrelaxedperformances.(通过注册通行证，你可以在线预订轮椅座位、必要的伴游票、视野最好的座位、接触之旅和轻松的表演)”可知，注册通行证的优势在于它允许预订轮椅座位。故选B项。BHarishchandrahasspentdecadesofhislifecaringforthepoorcommunity.HissonPrashantSude,whohasnowtakenovertheoperationsofNGO,isfollowinginhisfather’sfootsteps,workingtohelppeoplewithdisabilities.“Whatwedidatfirstwastraintheminrecycling(回收)oldclothesintomats(垫子).Thethrowingawayofoldclothesisasignificantissue,causingenvironmentalharm.Atourhand-me-downcentre,werecycletheseclothesintomats,providingalong-lastingsolutiontothisproblem.Indoingso,theynotonlyearnalivingbutalsocontributetoaddressingtheenvironmentalchallengesrelatedtonon-biodegradablewaste,”hesays.However,withchangingtimes,Prashantrealizedthatthistrainingmightnotbeaverysmartjobwithgoodpayafterafewyears.“In2010,westartedgivingmassage(按摩)trainingtoblindpeople.Massageisanexcellentjobopportunityforsightchallengedindividualsbecausetheyhavesharpsensoryabilities.Thetrainingmethodsaresimpleyeteffective,allowingbothless-educatedandwell-educatedindividualstolearnmassagescientifically.Throughourcourse,studentslearnvariousmassagetechniquespractically.Asaresult,theybecomeexpertsinthefield.Oncetheyaretrained,theycanreturntotheirnativevillageorstayatthecentreandearnatleastRs500permassage.”In2021,theNGOcameupwithanotherbranchoftraining.“Weteachthemvariousdigitalskillssuchasgraphicdesign,videoediting,andsocialmediamanagement.Theseskillsareparticularlysuitableforthosewithlocomotordisabilities.TheyusethelabsattheNGOtopractisetheirskill,dotheirworkwithouthavingtomovealotandfocustheirenergymoreoncreativethinking,”headds.WhilePrashantandHarishchandraalongwithmanyvolunteershavehelpedhundredsofpeople,PrashantnowwishestoexpandthemodelthroughoutMaharashtra.“Theblindinourcountryaretreatedassecond-classcitizens.WithSwadhaar,weareaimingtoreducethisgapbypresentingthemwiththerightopportunities.Wewanttohelpthembecomeindependent,andlivethelifetheyshouldhave,”saysPrashant.24.Comparedtotherecyclingproject,themassagetrainingprogramis________.A.morechallenging B.morerewardingC.lessscientific D.lesspractical25.HowdidtheNGOhelpthedisabled?A.Byofferingthemdifferentjobs. B.Bydevelopingtheirsocialskills.C.Bychangingtheirworkingconditions. D.Bygivingthemtrainingindifferentareas.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“locomotordisabilities”inparagraph5mean?A.Inabilitytohear. B.Failuretofocus.C.Difficultyinmoving. D.Lackofcreativity.27.Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?A.Everydoghasitsday. B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Twoheadsarebetterthanone. D.Teachamantofish,andyoufeedhimforalifetime.〖答案〗24.B25.D26.C27.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了PrashantSude接管了父亲的慈善组织，通过给残疾人培训技术，帮助他们谋生。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“However,withchangingtimes,Prashantrealizedthatthistrainingmightnotbeaverysmartjobwithgoodpayafterafewyears.(然而，随着时代的变化，普拉桑特意识到，几年后，这种培训可能不是一份薪水很高的聪明工作)”以及第四段“Thetrainingmethodsaresimpleyeteffective,allowingbothless-educatedandwell-educatedindividualstolearnmassagescientifically.Throughourcourse,studentslearnvariousmassagetechniquespractically.Asaresult,theybecomeexpertsinthefield.Oncetheyaretrained,theycanreturntotheirnativevillageorstayatthecentreandearnatleastRs500permassage.(训练方法简单而有效，使受过良好教育和教育程度较低的人都能科学地学习按摩。通过我们的课程，学生实际学习各种按摩技术。因此，他们成为该领域的专家。一旦接受培训，她们就可以回到家乡或留在中心，每次按摩至少能赚500卢比)”可知，与回收项目相比，按摩培训项目是更有回报的。故选B。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Throughourcourse,studentslearnvariousmassagetechniquespractically.Asaresult,theybecomeexpertsinthefield.(通过我们的课程，学生实际学习各种按摩技术。因此，他们成为该领域的专家)”可知，NGO给残疾人不同领域的培训来帮助残疾人。故选D。【26题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“TheyusethelabsattheNGOtopractisetheirskill,dotheirworkwithouthavingtomovealotandfocustheirenergymoreoncreativethinking(他们利用非政府组织的实验室来练习技能，不用经常走动就能完成工作，把精力更多地放在创造性思维上)”可知，这些技能不需要经常走动就能完成，说明针对的是移动有困难的残疾人。故划线词意思是“移动困难”。故选C。【27题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Thetrainingmethodsaresimpleyeteffective,allowingbothless-educatedandwell-educatedindividualstolearnmassagescientifically.Throughourcourse,studentslearnvariousmassagetechniquespractically.Asaresult,theybecomeexpertsinthefield.Oncetheyaretrained,theycanreturntotheirnativevillageorstayatthecentreandearnatleastRs500permassage.(训练方法简单而有效，使受过良好教育和教育程度较低的人都能科学地学习按摩。通过我们的课程，学生实际学习各种按摩技术。因此，他们成为该领域的专家。一旦接受培训，她们就可以回到家乡或留在中心，每次按摩至少能赚500卢比)”结合文章主要说明了PrashantSude接管了父亲的慈善组织，通过给残疾人培训技术，帮助他们谋生。可知，这个故事主要告诉我们授人以鱼不如授人以渔。故选D。CThesedays,theskiesdon’tseemsoinviting:Airfaresareclimbing.Passengersarefighting.Computersystems,andentireairlines,aremeltingdown.Anyofthosemightbereasonenoughforsometostayoffaplane.Butforasmall,yetgrowing,numberoftravelers,theproblemwithairtravelgoeswayfurther.Theyaregivingupflyingbecauseofitseffectontheclimate.“Ichoosetostaygroundedbecauseitaligns(一致)withwhatistrue,”saidDanCastrigano,36,aformerteacherwhoin2020signedapromisenottotravelbyair.“Theclimateisbreakingdown.”OneBoeing747carrying416passengersfromHeathrowAirportinLondontoEdinburghproducesthesamecarbondioxideas336carstravelingthesamedistance,accordingtoBBCScienceFocus,apeer-reviewedmagazine.Thathugecarbonfootprintisleadingmanyactivistsandscientiststoissuecriestoflyless,ornotatall.Thereisperhapsnocountrywithmoreanti-flightactiviststhanSweden,whereby2020,15,000peoplehadsignedanationwidepromisetotravelwithoutflyingforatleastoneyear.Thenonprofitbehindthatmovement,WeStayontheGround,isnowraisingfundsandhopestoget100,000signatoriesinthenextfewyears.Swedeshavecoinedaword,flygskam,todescribetheshameassociatedwithflying.WeStayontheGroundinspiredtheFlightFreemovementsinBritainandAustralia,aswellasFlightFreeUSA.Thereareothergrass-rootsmovements,too:StayGrounded,aglobalnetworkofover150organizationspromotingothermeanstotravel,wasfoundedin2016andhasitsheadquartersinAustria;Byway,aBritishtravelplanningcompanyfoundedduringtheCovid-19lockdown,allowscustomerstoplanflight-freeroutesacrossEurope.Airlinesaretakingeffortstomakeflyinggreener,withpromisestoachieve“netzero”carbonemissions(排放)inthenextthreedecades.Activistssaythatprogressisn’tcomingfastenoughandarepushingforfrequentflierstoatleastconsidersmallchanges,whichtheysaycouldadduptobigdifferences.28.Whoisthetargetaudienceofthepassage?A.Airlineworkers. B.Governmentemployees.C.Frequentfliers. D.Tourguides.29.WhydoesthewritermentionDanCastriganoinparagraph2?A.Togiveanexample. B.Toshareastory.C.Topresentanissue. D.Toexpressanopinion.30.Whatcanbeimpliedfromthepassage?A.Flightshamegoesglobal. B.Swedesareproudtotravelbyplane.C.Peoplearetradingwheelsforwings. D.Britishareleadinginactiontoflyless.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheideaofgivingupflying?A.Dissatisfied. B.Supportive. C.Worried. D.Confident.〖答案〗28.C29.A30.A31.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今人们开始不再选择航空出现的现象，指出航空旅行对气候的影响。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Thesedays,theskiesdon’tseemsoinviting:Airfaresareclimbing.Passengersarefighting.Computersystems,andentireairlines,aremeltingdown.Anyofthosemightbereasonenoughforsometostayoffaplane.(如今，天空似乎不那么诱人了：机票价格在上涨。乘客们在打架。计算机系统和整个航空公司都在崩溃。其中任何一个都可能是一些人远离飞机的足够理由。)”结合文章主要说明了如今人们开始不再选择航空出现的现象，指出航空旅行对气候的影响。可知，这篇文章的目标读者是经常飞行的人。故选C。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段““Ichoosetostaygroundedbecauseitaligns(一致)withwhatistrue,”saidDanCastrigano,36,aformerteacherwhoin2020signedapromisenottotravelbyair.“Theclimateisbreakingdown.”(“我选择脚踏实地，因为这符合事实，”36岁的丹·卡斯特里加诺说。他曾是一名教师，在2020年签署了一份不乘飞机旅行的承诺。“气候正在崩溃。”)”可知，作者在第二段提到了丹·卡斯特里加诺是为了举例子。故选A。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Swedeshavecoinedaword,flygskam,todescribetheshameassociatedwithflying.WeStayontheGroundinspiredtheFlightFreemovementsinBritainandAustralia,aswellasFlightFreeUSA.Thereareothergrass-rootsmovements,too:StayGrounded,aglobalnetworkofover150organizationspromotingothermeanstotravel,wasfoundedin2016andhasitsheadquartersinAustria;Byway,aBritishtravelplanningcompanyfoundedduringtheCovid-19lockdown,allowscustomerstoplanflight-freeroutesacrossEurope.(瑞典人创造了一个词flygskam来形容与飞行有关的羞耻。我们呆在地上启发了英国和澳大利亚的自由飞行运动，以及美国的自由飞行运动。还有其他草根运动：2016年成立的StayGrounded是一个由150多个组织组成的全球网络，推广其他旅行方式，总部设在奥地利；Byway是一家在新冠疫情封锁期间成立的英国旅行规划公司，该公司允许客户规划欧洲各地的无航班航线。)”可推知，飞行耻辱是全球性的。故选A。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Butforasmall,yetgrowing,numberoftravelers,theproblemwithairtravelgoeswayfurther.Theyaregivingupflyingbecauseofitseffectontheclimate.(但对于为数不多但仍在不断增长的旅行者来说，航空旅行的问题要严重得多。由于飞行对气候的影响，他们正在放弃飞行。)”以及文章主要分析了飞机对气候带来的负面影响，可推知，作者对放弃飞行的想法持支持态度。故选B。DLifeisbusy.We’realwaysexpectedtobeproductiveandengaged,whetherthat’swithparenting,housework,orwork.Whiletakingtimeforsmallrewardscanfeellikealuxury(奢侈),thetruthisthatitisnecessaryforimprovingourmentalhealth.AkeypsychologicalideabehindthisisthePremackPrinciple,whichexplainswhytreatingourselvesismorethanatendency;it’sawaytoimproveourdailylives.Inthe1960s,AmericanpsychologistDavidPremackdevelopedatheorynowknownasPremackPrinciple.Heexplainedthatdoingsomethingyou’remorelikelytodocanbearewardfordoingsomethingyoudon’tactuallywanttodo.Forinstance,ifyoufinishataskyou’renotinterestedin,likecleaningthebathroom,youcantreatyourselftosomethingyoulike,suchaswatchinganepisodeofyourfavoriteTVshow.Thisapproachtakesadvantageofournaturalneedforfuntohelpusgetthroughtaskswemightnotenjoy.Recentstudieskeepshowingthatgivingyourselfrewardscanhelpimproveyourworkandhappiness.Forexample,WoolleyandFishbachdiscoveredthatgettingrewardsrightawaycanmakeyoumoremotivatedbecauseitlinkstherewarddirectlywiththetask.What’sinterestingisthatit’snotabouthowbigtherewardisbuthowquicklyyougetitthatmatters.AnotherstudybyLandryandothersfoundit’snottherewarditselfbutratherhowtherewardmakespeoplefeelthathelpsthemdotheirbest.Thismakessensebecauserewardsboostourdopamine(多巴胺)levels,whichplaysakeyroleinhowourbrainsfeelpleasure.Theideaofgivingourselves“littletreats”isnotjustaboutenjoyingsomething;it’sproofofhowpositivereinforcementcanchangeourbehaviorandmakeusfeelbettermentally.BycarefullyusingthePremackPrincipleandrewardingourselves,wecanfindmoremotivation(动机)tofacechallengesandleadahappierlife.It’sokaytorecognizeandcelebrateourefforts,bigorsmall.So,goahead,giveyourselfthatlittletreat.You’veearnedit.32.WhatisthePremackPrinciple?A.Atooltoworkoutalong-termplan.B.Awaytocompletetaskseffectively.C.Ameanstomakeboringtasksenjoyable.D.Atheorytoexplainhowrewardsimprovehappiness.33.AccordingtoWoolleyandFishbach,whathelpstoimprovemotivation?A.Thetypeoftasks. B.Theimmediatereward.C.Thesizeofthereward. D.Thelevelofdopamine.34.Whatmightbea“positivereinforcement”accordingtoparagraph4?A.Acleanup. B.Physicaltraining.C.Graduationceremony. D.Afavouritesnack.35.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheImportanceofProductivity B.MotivationandMentalHealthC.ThePremackPrincipleforLife D.DopamineandtheBrain’sPleasure〖答案〗32.D33.B34.D35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了PremackPrinciple（普雷马克原理）的含义以及如何通过奖励自己来提高工作效率和幸福感。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Inthe1960s,AmericanpsychologistDavidPremackdevelopedatheorynowknownasPremackPrinciple.

Heexplainedthatdoingsomethingyou’remorelikelytodocanbearewardfordoingsomethingyoudon’tactuallywanttodo.”（在20世纪60年代，美国心理学家DavidPremack提出了一个理论，现在被称为Premack原理。他解释说，做你更愿意做的事情可以作为做你实际上不想做的事情的奖励。）以及文章第三段中“Recentstudieskeepshowingthatgivingyourselfrewardscanhelpimproveyourworkandhappiness.”（最近的研究不断表明，给自己奖励可以帮助改善你的工作和幸福感。）可知，PremackPrinciple是一种解释如何通过奖励来提高幸福感的理论。故选D。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“WoolleyandFishbachdiscoveredthatgettingrewardsrightawaycanmakeyoumoremotivatedbecauseitlinkstherewarddirectlywiththetask.”（Woolley和Fishbach发现，立即得到奖励可以使你更有动力，因为它直接将奖励与任务联系起来。）可知，立即得到的奖励有助于提高动力。故选B。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Theideaofgivingourselves“littletreats”isnotjustaboutenjoyingsomething;it’sproofofhowpositivereinforcementcanchangeourbehaviorandmakeusfeelbettermentally.”（给自己‘小款待’的想法不仅仅是享受某件事，它证明了积极的强化如何改变我们的行为并使我们在精神上感觉更好。）可推知，positivereinforcement可能是指给自己的一种喜欢的小奖励，如一种喜欢的零食。故选D。【35题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Lifeisbusy.We’realwaysexpectedtobeproductiveandengaged,whetherthat’swithparenting,housework,orwork.Whiletakingtimeforsmallrewardscanfeellikealuxury(奢侈),thetruthisthatitisnecessaryforimprovingourmentalhealth.AkeypsychologicalideabehindthisisthePremackPrinciple,whichexplainswhytreatingourselvesismorethanatendency;it’sawaytoimproveourdailylives.”（生活是忙碌的。无论是养育孩子、做家务还是工作，我们总是被期望富有成效和投入。虽然花时间获得小奖励感觉像是一种奢侈，但事实是，这对改善我们的心理健康是必要的。这背后的一个关键心理学思想是普雷马克原则，它解释了为什么善待自己不仅仅是一种倾向;这是一种改善我们日常生活的方式。）以及下文内容可知，文章主要讲述了PremackPrinciple（普雷马克原理）的含义以及如何通过奖励自己来提高工作效率和幸福感，所以最适合的标题是“ThePremackPrincipleforLife”（生活中的普雷马克原理）。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Goingonasolotraveladventureismorethanjustaholiday.___36___Thedecisiontoexploretheworldaloneopensthedoortoanumberofexperiencesthatcanreshapeyourlifeattitudes,buildyourconfidence,andenrichyourlifeinwaysyoumayhaveneverimagined!Herearesomewaysthatsolotravelingcanchangeyourlife.___37___Itmightmeanovercominglanguagedifficulties,findingyourwaythroughconfusingpublictransportationsystems,ormakingquickdecisions.Thedecisionsyoumake,fromchoosingdestinationstoexploringunfamiliarstreets,aretotallyyourown.Inthisprocess,youdiscoveraspectsofyourselfthatmayhaveremainedunknowninyourdailylife.Oneofthemostenrichingaspectsofsolotravelistheopportunitytoexperiencedifferentcultures.___38___Whetherit’sstartingaconversationwithastreetvendor(摊贩)orsharingamealwithlocals,solotravelprovidesauniquewindowintotheculturalmakeupofeachdestination.Solotravelisaconstantexerciseinadaptabilityandproblem-solving.Fromunderstandingforeignlanguagestomanagingunexpectedchangesinplans,youareregularlyfacedwithproblemsthatdemandcreativesolutions.___39___Solotravelisajourneyofself-relianceandindependence.Asyougothroughtheheadachesofplanningandmakingatriponyourown,yousurelybuildadeepsenseofself-confidence.___40___Youhavetorelyonyourselftochoosethenextdestination,manageyourmoneyandsolveunexpectedproblems.Solotravelisanexplorationoftheself,anopportunityforculturalimmersion(浸润),andasparkforpersonalgrowth.Theimpactofsolotravelextendsbeyondthelengthofyourtrip,leavingyouwithasetofskills,perspectives,andmemoriesthatwilllastalifetime.A.Solotravelforcesyououtofyourcomfortzone.B.Beingalonemakesyoumoreapproachabletolocals.C.Thechallengessometimesmakeyoufeelfrustrated.D.It’sajourneyofself-discovery,growthandtransformation.E.Thedecisions,bothbigandsmall,areentirelyyourstomake.F.Thelessonslearnedontheroadtranslateintoincreasedself-respect.G.Theseproblem-solvingskillsbecomevaluablewealthinyoureverydaylife.〖答案〗36.D37.A38.B39.G40.E【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了独自旅行的好处。【36题详析】根据上文“Goingonasolotraveladventureismorethanjustaholiday.(独自旅行不仅仅是一次度假)”以及后文“Thedecisiontoexploretheworldaloneopensthedoortoanumberofexperiencesthatcanreshapeyourlifeattitudes,buildyourconfidence,andenrichyourlifeinwaysyoumayhaveneverimagined!Herearesomewaysthatsolotravelingcanchangeyourlife.(独自探索世界的决定为你打开了一扇通往许多经历的大门，这些经历可以重塑你的生活态度，建立你的信心，并以你从未想象过的方式丰富你的生活!这里有一些独自旅行可以改变你的生活的方式)”可知，本句承接上文，接着叙述独自旅行的深层次含义。故D选项“这是一段自我发现、成长和转变的旅程”符合语境，故选D。【37题详析】根据本段内容“Itmightmeanovercominglanguagedifficulties,findingyourwaythroughconfusingpublictransportationsystems,ormakingquickdecisions.Thedecisionsyoumake,fromchoosingdestinationstoexploringunfamiliarstreets,aretotallyyourown.Inthisprocess,youdiscoveraspectsofyourselfthatmayhaveremainedunknowninyourdailylife.(这可能意味着克服语言障碍，在令人困惑的公共交通系统中找到方向，或者快速做出决定。你所做的决定，从选择目的地到探索陌生的街道，完全是你自己的。在这个过程中，你会发现自己在日常生活中可能不为人知的方面)”可知，本段主要说明了独自旅行会发现不为人知的方面，且提到了会遇到的困难，本句为本段主旨句，主要说明独自旅行的意义一方面。故A选项“独自旅行迫使你走出自己的舒适区”符合语境，故选A。【38题详析】根据后文“Whetherit’sstartingaconversationwithastreetvendor(摊贩)orsharingamealwithlocals,solotravelprovidesauniquewindowintotheculturalmakeupofeachdestination.(无论是与街头小贩攀谈，还是与当地人共进晚餐，独自旅行都为了解每个目的地的文化构成提供了一个独特的窗口)”可知，后文提到了和街头小贩攀谈以及和当地人共进晚餐，说明提供了和当地人接近的机会。故B选项“独处会让当地人更容易接近你”符合语境，故选B。【39题详析】根据上文“Solotravelisaconstantexerciseinadaptabilityandproblem-solving.Fromunderstandingforeignlanguagestomanagingunexpectedchangesinplans,youareregularlyfacedwithproblemsthatdemandcreativesolutions.(独自旅行是对适应能力和解决问题能力的不断锻炼。从理解外语到管理计划中的意外变化，你经常面临需要创造性解决方案的问题)”可知，上文提到了独自旅行可以提高解决问题的能力，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明好处。故G选项“这些解决问题的技能会成为你日常生活中宝贵的财富”符合语境，故选G。【40题详析】根据上文“Solotravelisajourneyofself-relianceandindependence.Asyougothroughtheheadachesofplanningandmakingatriponyourown,yousurelybuildadeepsenseofself-confidence.(独自旅行是自力更生和独立的旅程。当你经历了计划和独自旅行的头痛时，你肯定会建立起一种深深的自信)”以及后文“Youhavetorelyonyourselftochoosethenextdestination,manageyourmoneyandsolveunexpectedproblems.(你必须依靠自己来选择下一个目的地，管理你的钱，解决意想不到的问题)”可知，本段主要论述了独自旅行需要自己做好决策的情况。故E选项“决定，无论大小，都完全由你来做”符合语境，故选E。第三部分：语言运用（共三节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AllIeverwantedwastobelong,towearthathatofbelonging.InseventhandeighthgradesIstill___41___aboutfortypounds,whichistooskinny.Iwastwelveyearsoldandhadbeengettinglaughedatformy___42___looksformostofmylife.ButIwasfunny.Sothepopularkidsletme___43___withthem,gototheirpartiesandwatchthemhavefunwitheachother.This,asyoumightimagine,didnothelpmy___44___agreatdeal.IthoughtIwasatotal___45___.ButonedayItookanotebookandapenwhenIwenttoBolinasBeachwithmy___46___.Likeawriter,Iwrotea(n)___47___ofwhatIsaw:“Iwalkedtothelipofthewaterandletthetongueoftherushingwater___48___mytoes.Asandcrabdugaholeafewinchesfrommyfootandthendisappearedintothedampsand...Withasenseof___49___,Ibeganmywalkback,leavingthebeautyofthemomentbehind.”Itgoesonforquiteawhile.Myfather___50___metoshowittoateacher,anditendedupbeing___51___inarealtextbook.Thisdeeply___52___myteachersandparentsandafewkids,evensomeofthe___53___kids,whoinvitedmetotheirpartiesevenmoreoften.Thischangedmylife,showingmethattrue___54___comesfromwithin,notjust___55___.41.A.lost B.gained C.weighed D.spent42.A.cold B.strange C.angry D.serious43.A.hangout B.workout C.speakup D.catchup44.A.self-pity B.self-confidence C.self-education D.self-defence45.A.party-goer B.observer C.beginner D.loser46.A.teacher B.father C.coach D.classmate47.A.poem B.guideline C.comment D.description48.A.kiss B.wash C.bite D.attack49.A.anxiety B.sadness C.peace D.direction50.A.appointed B.inspired C.enabled D.allowed51.A.included B.praised C.written D.texted52.A.impressed B.amused C.disappointed D.confused53.A.well-known B.well-behaved C.well-liked D.well-spoken54.A.appreciation B.determination C.congratulation D.belonging55.A.makingup B.sittingaround C.showingoff D.fittingin〖答案〗41.C42.B43.A44.B45.D46.B47.D48.A49.C50.B51.A52.A53.C54.D55.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者一直想要有归属感，于是和班上受欢迎的孩子一起玩耍。直到作者的文章给老师、父母和一些孩子留下了深刻印象，作者才明白真正的归属感来自内心，而不仅仅是融入。【41题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在七年级和八年级的时候，我的体重仍然是40磅左右，这太瘦了。A.lost丢失；B.gained获得；C.weighed称重；D.spent花费。根据后文“aboutfortypounds”指作者称重40磅。故选C。【42题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我当时12岁，在我生命的大部分时间里，我一直因为我奇怪的长相而被嘲笑。A.cold寒冷的；B.strange奇怪的；C.angry生气；D.serious严肃的。根据上文“aboutfortypounds,whichistooskinny”以及“Iwastwelveyearsoldandhadbeengettinglaughedat”可知，作者因为太瘦，长相奇怪而被嘲笑。故选B。【43题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以那些受欢迎的孩子让我和他们一起出去玩，去参加他们的聚会，看他们玩得开心。A.hangout闲逛；B.workout解决；C.speakup发生说话；D.catchup赶上。根据后文“withthem,gototheirpartiesandwatchthemhavefunwitheachother”指作者和受欢迎的孩子一起外出玩耍。故选A。【44题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可以想象，这对我的自信心没有多大帮助。A.self-pity自怜；B.self-confidence自信；C.self-education自我教育；D.self-defence自卫。根据第一句“AllIeverwantedwastobelong,towearthathatofbelonging.(我想要的只是归属，戴上归属的帽子)”以及作者被嘲笑，后文提到觉得自己是个失败者，推测作者自信心不强。故选B。【45题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得我是个彻头彻尾的失败者。A.party-goer社交聚会常客；B.observer观察者；C.beginner初学者；D.loser失败者。根据上文“AllIeverwantedwastobelong,towearthathatofbelonging.(我想要的只是归属，戴上归属的帽子)”可知，作者没有归属感，加上因为外表被嘲笑，所以觉得自己是个失败者。故选D。【46题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是有一天，当我和父亲去波利纳斯海滩时，我带了一个笔记本和一支笔。A.teacher老师；B.father父亲；C.coach教练；D.classmate同学。根据后文“Myfather”可知，作者是和父亲一起去的。故选B。【47题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：像作家一样，我写下了我的所见所闻：“我走到水边，让水流的舌头亲吻我的脚趾。”A.poem诗歌；B.guideline指导方针；C.comment评论；D.description描述。根据后文“ofwhatIsaw:“Iwalkedtothelipofthewaterandletthetongueoftherushingwater”指作者描述了自己的所见所闻。故选D。【48题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：像作家一样，我写下了我的所见所闻：“我走到水边，让水流的舌头亲吻我的脚趾。”A.kiss亲吻；B.wash洗涤；C.bite咬；D.attack攻击。根据上文“letthetongueoftherushingwater”可知，此处是把水流拟人，指让水流的舌头亲吻我的脚趾。故选A。【49题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：带着一种平静的感觉，我开始往回走，把这一刻的美丽抛在脑后。A.anxiety焦虑；B.sadness悲伤；C.peace和平；D.direction方向。根据上文“Asandcrabdugaholeafewinchesfrommyfootandthendisappearedintothedampsand...(一只沙蟹在离我脚几英寸的地方挖了一个洞，然后消失在潮湿的沙子里……)”可知，作者描绘了海滩的美好场景，因此是平静的感受。故选C。【50题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父亲鼓励我把它拿给老师看，结果它被收录进了一本真正的教科书。A.appointed任命；B.inspired鼓舞；C.enabled使能够；D.allowed允许。根据后文“metoshowittoateacher”指父亲鼓励作者把写的东西给老师看。故选B。【51题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父亲鼓励我把它拿给老师看，结果它被收录进了一本真正的教科书。A.included包含，把……列为一部分；B.praised赞美；C.written写；D.texted发短信。根据后文“inarealtextbook”指作者的文章被教科书收录了（include），故选A。【52题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这给我的老师、父母和一些孩子留下了深刻的印象，甚至一些很受欢迎的孩子，他们甚至更频繁地邀请我参加他们的聚会。A.impressed使印象深刻；B.amused娱乐；C.disappointed使失望；D.confused使困惑。根据后文“myteachersandparentsandafewkids,evensomeofthe”以及“whoinvitedmetotheirpartiesevenmoreoften”可知，作者更加被频繁邀请，说明给他们留下了深刻印象。故选A。【53题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这给我的老师、父母和一些孩子留下了深刻的印象，甚至一些很受欢迎的孩子，他们甚至更频繁地邀请我参加他们的聚会。A.well-known著名的；B.well-behaved行为端正的；C.well-liked深受喜爱的；D.well-spoken讲话得体的。呼应上文“thepopularkids”指给受欢迎的孩子也留下深刻印象。故选C。【54题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这改变了我的生活，让我明白真正的归属感来自内心，而不仅仅是融入。A.appreciation欣赏；B.determination决心；C.congratulation祝贺；D.belonging属于。呼应第一句“AllIeverwantedwastobelong,towearthathatofbelonging.(我想要的只是归属，戴上归属的帽子)”指明白真正的归属感来自内心，故选D。【55题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这改变了我的生活，让我明白真正的归属感来自