山东省日照市2023-2024学年高三下学期三模考试英语试题(解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省日照市2023-2024学年高三下学期三模考试英语试题第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFindInspirationattheNationalInventorsHallofFameMuseumStartYourInnovativeJourneyHereExperiencethepast,presentandfutureofAmericanoriginalityasyouareintroducedtomorethan600world-changinginventorsandimmersedinstoriesofpassion,perseveranceandprogress.AdmissionAdmissiontothemuseumisalwaysFREE—theperfectwaytoaddafun,kid-friendlylearningexperiencetoyourtriptotheWashingtonD.C.area.HoursMonday—Friday,10a.m.to4p.m.ThefirstSaturdayofeverymonth,11a.m.to3p.m.Sundaysandfederalholidays,CLOSEDParkingFindconvenientparkingintheEastGarageat551JohnCarlyleSt.inAlexandria.Hourlyanddailyparkingisavailablealldaylong,MondaythroughFriday,exceptonfederalholidays.Parkingcosts$3perhour,withadailymaximumof$10.VisitorPolicyTheNationalInventorsHallofFameMuseumasksthatyoudonot:·Destroy,damageorremoveproperty·Touchanexhibitunlessexhibitsignsgivepermissionforsuchactivity·Bringdogsorotheranimals,otherthanserviceanimals·Takephotographsforadvertisingoranyothercommercialpurpose·Distributeads,pamphlets,handbillsandflyersContactUsPhone:571-272-0095Email:museum@TheNationalInventorsHallofFameMuseumisanengagingdestinationthatsparkscuriosityinthenextgenerationofcreators,innovatorsandenterprisers.Pleasecalloremailus,andwe’llhelpyoutoarrangeauniquelearningexperienceforyourstudents.1.Howmuchshouldonepayfortwodaysofparking?A.$10. B.$20. C.$72. D.$144.2.Whatisprohibitedatthemuseum?A.Bringingserviceanimals. B.Takingphotos.C.Handingoutadvertisements. D.Approachingexhibits.3.Whomightbemostinterestedinthejourneytothemuseum?A.Educators. B.Scientists. C.Artlovers. D.Sportsfans.【语篇解读】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了国家发明家名人堂博物馆的参观信息。〖答案〗1.B2.C3.B【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章Parking部分“Parkingcosts$3perhour,withadailymaximumof$10.(停车费每小时3美元，每天最多10美元)”可知，停车费一天最多10美元，停两天就是20美元。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章VisitorPolicy部分“TheNationalInventorsHallofFameMuseumasksthatyoudonot:·Distributeads,pamphlets,handbillsandflyers(国家发明家名人堂博物馆要请您不要：分发广告、小册子、传单和小传单)”可知，在博物馆里禁止发放广告。故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Experiencethepast,presentandfutureofAmericanoriginalityasyouareintroducedtomorethan600world-changinginventorsandimmersedinstoriesofpassion,perseveranceandprogress.(体验美国原创性的过去、现在和未来，您将被介绍给600多名改变世界的发明家，沉浸在激情、坚持和进步的故事中)”及最后一段“TheNationalInventorsHallofFameMuseumisanengagingdestinationthatsparkscuriosityinthenextgenerationofcreators,innovatorsandenterprisers.(国家发明家名人堂博物馆是一个吸引人的目的地，激发了下一代创造者、创新者和企业家的好奇心)”可知，最有可能对博物馆感兴趣的是对发明创新有兴趣的科学家。故选B。BAtage11,actressKayleeHottleappearsastheleadingherointhefilmGodzillaxKong:TheNewEmpire.It’sthesequel(续集)toGodzillavs.Kong,whichHottlealsoappearedinwhenshemadeherfilmdebutin2021.Bothmoviesbringtogethertheworld’smostfamousfictionalmonsters(怪兽),GodzillaandKingKong.Hottle,whobeganactingincommercialsataboutage4,isdeafandisfluentinAmericanSignLanguage.ShewasborninGeorgiaandcurrentlylivesnearAustin,Texas,wheresheattendstheTexasSchoolfortheDeaf.Infact,shecomesfromanall-deaffamilyspanningfourgenerations,soplayingthischaracterinthismovieholdsprofoundsignificanceforwhoshe’srepresenting.Inbothfilms,HottleplaysJia,adeafgirlwhoisthelastsurvivingmemberoftheIwiTribe,whichhadlivedpeacefullywithgiantapes(类人猿)onSkullIsland,Kong’shome.WhenJiaisadoptedbyascientistinvolvedwithmonsterresearch,shemeetsKongandtheyformaspecialbond,usingnonverbalcommunicationandsignlanguage.“Theyfeelaloneandwithoutaplacetheybelong,”HottlesaidofJiaandKong’sconnection.Theyhavegonethroughalotbutarebothwillingtocombineforcestosavetheworldtogether,”shetoldTheWeekJunior.HottleadmiresJia’sbraveryanddeterminationtohelppeopleinneed,evenifshe’sscared.“She’snotaquitter,”shesaidabouthercharacter.Asforthefuture,Hottleplanstocontinueacting,andshetoldTheHoustonChroniclethatshehopesotherdeafyoungpeoplearemotivatedtoactwhentheyseeheronscreen.“Anyroleyouaregoingfor,don’tbescared,”HottletoldTheWeekJunior.“Yourdreamscancometrue.”“Wehadtolookoutsideofthetraditionalcastingchannelstofindher,andHottle,whomwewereveryfortunatetocast,hadneverbeeninafilmbefore.Butthroughanetworkofcastingdirectorsandtheaters,ourterrificcastingdirector,SarahHalleyFinn,wasabletolocateher,”producerAlexGarciasaidinapressrelease.4.WhatcontributesalottoHottle’sstarringinbothfilms?A.Herbondwithgiantapes. B.Hermasterofsignlanguage.C.Herexperiencesofbeingadirector. D.Herinterestinmonsterresearch.5.WhatdoweknowaboutthecharacterJia?A.Sheisinstructedbyascientist. B.Shecomesfromanall-deaffamily.C.Shesavestheworldaloneinthefilm. D.ShehasacloserelationshipwithKong.6.WhatdoesHottleexpectotherdeafyoungpeopletodo?A.Developtheiractingskills. B.Thinkmoreabouttheirfuture.C.Pursuetheirdreamsbravely. D.Seekchancestoproducefilms.7.WhatdoesAlexGarciathinkofHottle?A.Sheistherightgirlfortherole. B.Sheisaluckydog.C.Sheisgoodatcastingactors. D.Sheisafamousmoviestar.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了11岁的女演员KayleeHottle在《哥斯拉大战金刚：新帝国》中担任主角的经历。她此前已在《哥斯拉大战金刚》中出演，并在两部影片中均饰演与巨猿类人猿和平共处的伊维部落的最后幸存者Jia。Hottle是聋哑人，她的表演对聋哑群体具有特殊意义。她表示将继续演艺事业，并鼓励其他聋哑年轻人勇敢追梦。〖答案〗4.B5.D6.C7.A【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hottle,whobeganactingincommercialsataboutage4,isdeafandisfluentinAmericanSignLanguage.(Hottle大约在4岁时开始出演商业广告，她耳聋，能说流利的美国手语)”和第三段“Inbothfilms,HottleplaysJia,adeafgirlwhoisthelastsurvivingmemberoftheIwiTribe,whichhadlivedpeacefullywithgiantapes(类人猿)onSkullIsland,Kong’shome.WhenJiaisadoptedbyascientistinvolvedwithmonsterresearch,shemeetsKongandtheyformaspecialbond,usingnonverbalcommunicationandsignlanguage.

(在这两部电影中，Hottle都扮演了失聪女孩Jia，她是伊维部落最后一位幸存的成员，这个部落曾与巨猿和平地生活在金刚的家乡骷髅岛上。当Jia被一位从事怪兽研究的科学家收养后，她遇到了Kong，他们通过非语言交流和手语形成了一种特殊的联系)”可知，文章中提到，Hottle耳聋，但能流利地使用美国手语。这种手语能力可能使她能够扮演Jia，一个聋哑的女孩，她用手语与Kong交流。她对手语的精通使她成为这个角色的理想人选，促成了她出演了这两部电影。故选B项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“WhenJiaisadoptedbyascientistinvolvedwithmonsterresearch,shemeetsKongandtheyformaspecialbond,usingnonverbalcommunicationandsignlanguage.(当Jia被一位从事怪兽研究的科学家收养后，她遇到了怪兽，他们通过非语言交流和手语形成了一种特殊的关系)”可知，Jia和Kong关系很好。故选D项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中““Anyroleyouaregoingfor,don’tbescared,”HottletoldTheWeekJunior.“Yourdreamscancometrue.”(“无论你想要扮演什么角色，都不要害怕，”Hottle告诉TheWeekJunior。“你的梦想会成真。”)”可推知，Hottle希望其他失聪的年轻人能勇敢地追逐自己的梦想。故选C项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中AlexGarcia的话“Wehadtolookoutsideofthetraditionalcastingchannelstofindher,andHottle,whomwewereveryfortunatetocast,hadneverbeeninafilmbefore.Butthroughanetworkofcastingdirectorsandtheaters,ourterrificcastingdirector,SarahHalleyFinn,wasabletolocateher(我们不得不在传统的选角渠道之外寻找她，而我们非常幸运地选到了Hottle，她以前从未出演过电影。但是通过选角导演和剧院的关系网，我们出色的选角导演莎拉·哈雷·芬恩找到了她)”可知，AlexGarcia说非常幸运地选到了Hottle，说明她认为Hottle是这个角色的合适人选。故选A项。CTheglobalsecondhandmarketisexpectedtoincreaseatthreetimestherateoftheoverallglobalclothingmarketupto2027,drivenbyGenZconsumers,accordingtoonlinesecondhandplatformThredup.Thecompany’s11thannualresalereport,releasedonWednesday,saysGenZconsumerswillaccountfornearlytwo-thirdsofincremental(增量)secondhandspendastheirpurchasingpowerincreases.Thredup’sreportcontainsmuchdataandresearchfromanalyticsfirmGlobaldata,whichconductedasurveyofover3,000Americanadults,askingspecificquestionsabouttheirbehaviorsandpreferencesforsecondhand.OpportunitiesexistingreatnumbersforsecondhandplatformstoexpandbusinessonlineandconnectwithGenZconsumerswhoalreadypurchasesecondhandclothingonline.Some58percentofGenZwhoboughtsecondhandclothingoverthelast12monthsmadeatleastonepurchaseonline—morethananyothergeneration,thereportsays.Demandforsecondhandgoodsisdrivingretailers(零售商)torethinktheirstrategies.Some86percentofretailexecutivessaytheircustomersarealreadyparticipatinginresale,up8percenton2021.“Brandsareadoptingresaleatanacceleratedratetocapturemoreofthisdemand,”saysThreduppresidentAnthonyMarino.“WithmorethanhalfofGenZsayingthey’remorelikelytoshopwithabrandthatofferssecondhandalongsidenew,resaleisbecomingtablestakes(筹码)forretailers.”Onesignificantquestionsurroundingresale’sgrowthiswhetherornotit’samoreeco-friendlywayofshoppingifcustomersarestillconsumingatanever-risingpace.Whensecondhandshoppingbecomessport-likeforagenerationofcustomers,andbrandsaren’treducingproductionlevelsastheyalsomakeprofitsfromresale,expertssayit’snotactuallyagreeneroption.“Wehaveahugeissuewithoverproduction,”saysHarrietVocking,chiefexecutiveofthefirmEco-Age.“Thefactthatthereissomuchopportunityforresalehighlightsjusthowhightheproductionandconsumptionratesare.”Shearguesthateffortsshouldbedirectedateducatingconsumersandhelpingthemunderstandthevalueoftheirpurchases.8.WhatdoesThredup’sreportshowaboutGenZ?A.Theydependtooheavilyononlineshopping.B.Theyareeasilyattractedtosecondhandclothing.C.Theywillbeleadingthewayinsecondhandsales.D.Theyexpecttohavetheirpurchasingpowerincreased.9.Whatdoesparagraph4highlight?A.Retailers’commentsonresale. B.Theappealofresaletoretailers.C.Retailers’expectationsofresale. D.Theimpactofresaleonretailers.10.WhatisthemajorconcernforexpertslikeHarrietVocking?A.Howtoincreaseproduction. B.Howtomakeresalesustainable.C.Howtoencourageconsumption. D.Howtocontroltheresalemarket.11.Inwhichsectionofawebsitemaythetextappear?A.Business. B.Education. C.Environment. D.Technology.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道在线二手平台Thredup发布报告称，全球二手市场预计到2027年将增长三倍于整体服装市场，主要推动力来自Z世代消费者。报告显示，随着Z世代购买力的增强，他们将成为二手市场增量的主要贡献者。零售商也需重新思考策略，以适应二手商品需求的增长。然而，也有专家担忧，如果品牌不减少生产水平，二手购物并非真正的环保选择。〖答案〗8.C9.D10.B11.A【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Theglobalsecondhandmarketisexpectedtoincreaseatthreetimestherateoftheoverallglobalclothingmarketupto2027,drivenbyGenZconsumers,accordingtoonlinesecondhandplatformThredup.(在线二手平台Thredup表示，在Z世代消费者的推动下，到2027年，全球二手市场的增长速度预计将是全球服装市场增速的三倍)”和第二段中“Thecompany’s11thannualresalereport,releasedonWednesday,saysGenZconsumerswillaccountfornearlytwo-thirdsofincremental(增量)secondhandspendastheirpurchasingpowerincreases.(该公司周三发布的第11份年度转售报告称，随着购买力的提高，Z世代消费者将占到二手消费增量的近三分之二)”可推知，Thredup的报告显示Z世代将主导在二手市场消费。故选C项。【9题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Demandforsecondhandgoodsisdrivingretailers(零售商)torethinktheirstrategies.Some86percentofretailexecutivessaytheircustomersarealreadyparticipatinginresale,up8percenton2021.“Brandsareadoptingresaleatanacceleratedratetocapturemoreofthisdemand,”saysThreduppresidentAnthonyMarino.“WithmorethanhalfofGenZsayingthey’remorelikelytoshopwithabrandthatofferssecondhandalongsidenew,resaleisbecomingtablestakes(筹码)forretailers.”(对二手商品的需求正促使零售商重新考虑自己的战略。约86%的零售高管表示，他们的客户已经在参与转售，比2021年增长了8%。Thredup总裁安东尼•马里诺表示：“各大品牌正在加速采用转售方式，以抓住更多这类需求。超过一半的Z世代表示，他们更有可能购买既提供二手又提供新品的品牌，因此转售正成为零售商的筹码。”)”可知，本段重点讨论了二手商品的需求如何促使零售商重新思考他们的战略，并提到品牌正在加速采用转售来抓住更多的需求。转售正成为零售商关注的一个关键因素，因为超过一半的Z世代表示，他们更有可能购买既提供二手又提供新产品的品牌。由此可知，第四段重点讨论了转售对零售商的影响。故选D项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中HarrietVocking的话“Wehaveahugeissuewithoverproduction(我们有一个生产过剩的大问题)”和“Thefactthatthereissomuchopportunityforresalehighlightsjusthowhightheproductionandconsumptionratesare.(有如此多的转售机会，这一事实凸显了生产和消费率有多高)”可知，HarrietVocking认为如果消费者继续以不断增长的速度消费，而品牌不降低生产水平，这会造成生产过剩。那么二手购物虽然看似环保，但实际上可能不是一个更环保的选择。由此推知，HarrietVocking主要关心的是如何使转售成为一种真正可持续的做法。故选B项。【11题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Theglobalsecondhandmarketisexpectedtoincreaseatthreetimestherateoftheoverallglobalclothingmarketupto2027,drivenbyGenZconsumers,accordingtoonlinesecondhandplatformThredup.(在线二手平台Thredup表示，在Z世代消费者的推动下，到2027年，全球二手市场的增长速度预计将是全球服装市场增速的三倍)”和第四段中“Demandforsecondhandgoodsisdrivingretailers(零售商)torethinktheirstrategies.(对二手商品的需求正促使零售商重新考虑自己的战略)”可知，本文讨论了与零售、消费者行为、可持续性和二手市场相关的主题，这些主题都与商业行业相关。由此推知，本文可能出现在网站的商业部分。故选A项。DInrecentyears,self-esteem(自尊)hasfallenoutoffavorinthescientificliteratureandinthepopularmediaasanimportantfactorforlifeoutcomes.Butanewresearchreviewsuggeststhatitcanhaveapositiveinfluenceinmanyareasofpeople’slives.Researchersreviewedthefindingsofhundredsoflongitudinal(纵向的)studiesthatansweredquestionsaboutlong-termconsequences,suchas:Doteenagerswithhighself-esteemtendtobemoresuccessfulintheircareers?Theirfindingsshowthatpeoplewithhighself-esteemgenerallyhavemoresuccessatschoolandwork,bettersocialrelationships,improvedmentalandphysicalhealth,andlessanti-socialbehavior.And,thesebenefitscontinuefromadolescencetoadulthoodandintooldage.Long-termoutcomesaredeterminedbymanypsychologicalandsocialfactors,soself-esteemisjustonepartofthepuzzlethatmightexplainwhypeopledobetterorworseincertainlifedomains.Still,thepresenceorabsenceofthisonefactorcanhaveabigimpactoveralifetime.RobinsRichardW.Robins,whoisapsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofBernandhasstudiedself-esteemfordecades,seesthisreviewasacountertotheoften-repeatedclaimthathighself-esteemisdangerous.Self-esteemisdistinctfromnarcissism,theresearchliteratureRobinsandOrthexaminedshows.Whereasself-esteemreferstofeelingsofself-acceptanceandself-respect,narcissismischaracterizedbyfeelingsofsuperiority,entitlement,andself-centeredness.Thisresearchreviewshowsthathighself-esteemandnarcissismcanhaveoppositeimplicationsforlifeoutcomes.Highself-esteempredictsbettersocialrelationships,whereasnarcissismpredictsdifficultieswithrelationships.“Yetmanypsychologistshavecalledthebenefitsofself-esteemamythandsuggestedthatitmightevenhavea‘darkside’,”Robinssays.Despitedoubtscastonitsimportance,Robinssaystheirreviewofthelargebodyofself-esteemresearchdemonstratesthatitmatters,andconsequentlyinterventionsaimedatboostingself-esteemmightbenefitindividualsandsocietyasawhole.12.Whatdoestheresearchreviewfind?A.Self-esteemhaslong-lastingbenefits.B.Whyself-esteemhasfallenoutoffavor.C.Self-esteemdetermineslong-termoutcomes.D.Howself-esteemcontributestoone’ssuccess.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“counter”inparagraph4mean?A.Solution. B.Explanation. C.Limitation. D.Opposition.14.Accordingtotheresearch,narcissismtendstomakeaperson_____.A.lessconfident B.lessadaptable C.lessproductive D.lesspopular15.WhatdoesRobinssayaboutdevelopingself-esteem?A.Itfacesmanychallenges. B.Itmakesgoodsense.C.Itdeservesfurtherstudy. D.Itneedsmedicalinterventions.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究综述表明，自尊可以在人们生活的许多领域产生积极的影响，有着长远的意义。文章对此进行了介绍。〖答案〗12.A13.D14.D15.B【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Butanewresearchreviewsuggeststhatitcanhaveapositiveinfluenceinmanyareasofpeople’slives.(但一项新的研究综述表明，它可以在人们生活的许多领域产生积极的影响。)”和第二段最后两句“Theirfindingsshowthatpeoplewithhighself-esteemgenerallyhavemoresuccessatschoolandwork,bettersocialrelationships,improvedmentalandphysicalhealth,andlessanti-socialbehavior.And,thesebenefitscontinuefromadolescencetoadulthoodandintooldage.(他们的研究结果表明，自尊心强的人通常在学校和工作中更成功，社会关系更好，身心健康状况更好，反社会行为也更少。而且，这些益处从青春期持续到成年期，直至老年。)”可知，研究综述发现自尊有长期的好处。故选A。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段最后两句“Self-esteemisdistinctfromnarcissism,theresearchliteratureRobinsandOrthexaminedshows.Whereasself-esteemreferstofeelingsofself-acceptanceandself-respect,narcissismischaracterizedbyfeelingsofsuperiority,entitlement,andself-centeredness.(罗宾斯和诺斯研究的文献显示，自尊不同于自恋。自尊指的是自我接纳和自我尊重的感觉，而自恋的特点是优越感、权利感和自我中心感。)”可知，此处是指这篇综述是对经常被重复的高自尊是危险的说法的反驳，所以counter意为“反驳”。故选D。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“Highself-esteempredictsbettersocialrelationships,whereasnarcissismpredictsdifficultieswithrelationships.(高自尊预示着更好的社会关系，而自恋预示着人际关系的困难。)”可知，自恋往往会让一个人不那么受欢迎。故选D。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Despitedoubtscastonitsimportance,Robinssaystheirreviewofthelargebodyofself-esteemresearchdemonstratesthatitmatters,andconsequentlyinterventionsaimedatboostingself-esteemmightbenefitindividualsandsocietyasawhole.(罗宾斯说，尽管人们对自尊的重要性表示怀疑，但他们对大量自尊研究的综述表明，自尊很重要，因此，旨在提高自尊的干预措施可能对个人和整个社会都有益。)”可知，罗宾斯认为培养自尊很有意义。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Canyoutellwhenyourfriendsarehappyorgoingthroughadifficulttime?Whetheryouhaveoneortwobestiesorarepartofagroup,buildingandkeepingfriendshipsisaskillwealllearn.____16____Researchshowsitmightevenhelpyoufightoffcolds.Friendshipisaspecialconnectionyouhavewithanotherperson,anditcomesinallshapesandsizes.Youcouldchatforagesorgiggleatthingsotherpeopledon’tfindfunny.Youdon’texpecttheotherpersontobefunallthetime.____17____Friendsdon’talwaysenjoythesamesportsorhobbiesbuttheyencourageeachotheranyway.Expertssaygoodfriendshipisastrong,stableconnection.Itmakesyoufeelpositiveandit’snotone-sided.____18____Goodfriendsaregoodforyourhealthbecausetheymakeyoufeelhappy,confidentandlessstressed.Sharingyourfeelingsandideaswithsomeoneelseisn’tjustfun.____19____AuthorLydiaDenworthsaysfriendshipisgoodforyoubecauseitboostsyourimmunesystemandhelpsyourbodystayhealthy.Havinggood,strongfriendshipsisasimportantasdietandexercise.____20____Makingtimeforyourmatessoundsobviousbutit’snotalwayseasytoseethemwhenyouarebusy.Trysendingamessageorarrangingawalkorbikeridetohavetimetochat.Talkingaboutyourfeelingsletsyourfriendsknowyoutrustthemandgivesthemachancetodothesame.Ifyouthinkafriendisfeelingdown,findaquietmomenttoaskifeverything’sOKandlistencloselytotheiranswers.A.Makingnewfriendstakesmuchtimeandeffort.B.Youbothgiveeachothersupportwhenyouneedit.C.Andyoumayknowwhentheotherhashadabadday.D.Itbuildstrustandhelpsyouunderstandeachotherbetter.E.Beingafriendisoneofthemostimportantskillswecanlearn.F.That’sgoodnewsbecausehangingoutwithyourfriendsisfun.G.Aswellasliftingupothers,friendshipcanboostyou'rewellbeingtoo.【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了友谊的重要性，好处和交朋友的方法。〖答案〗16.G17.C18.B19.D20.E【16题详析】前文“Whetheryouhaveoneortwobestiesorarepartofagroup,buildingandkeepingfriendshipsisaskillwealllearn.(无论你有一个或两个闺蜜，或者是一个团队的一员，建立和保持友谊是我们都要学习的技能)”表明建立和保持友谊是重要技能，后文“Researchshowsitmightevenhelpyoufightoffcolds.(研究表明，它甚至可以帮助你抵抗感冒)”说明友谊能帮助我们抵御疾病，G选项“友谊不仅能鼓舞他人，也能提升你的健康”说明友谊的好处，引出下文。故选G。【17题详析】空前“Youdon’texpecttheotherpersontobefunallthetime.(你不能期望对方一直都很有趣)”表明朋友不会一直有趣，C选项“你要知道对方哪天过得不好”表示也会有朋友没有趣的时候，为前一句的补充。故选C。【18题详析】空前“Expertssaygoodfriendshipisastrong,stableconnection.Itmakesyoufeelpositiveandit’snotone-sided.(专家说，好的友谊是一种牢固、稳定的联系。它让你感觉积极，它不是单方面的)”可知，友谊不是单方面的，是相互的，B选项“当你们需要的时候，你们都给予对方支持”表示友谊是双方的。故选B。【19题详析】空前“Goodfriendsaregoodforyourhealthbecausetheymakeyoufeelhappy,confidentandlessstressed.Sharingyourfeelingsandideaswithsomeoneelseisn’tjustfun.(好朋友对你的健康有好处，因为他们让你感到快乐，自信和较少的压力。与他人分享你的感受和想法不仅仅是有趣的)”表明与朋友分享感受和想法的好处，D选项“它建立信任，帮助你们更好地了解对方”为补充说明其好处。故选D。【20题详析】后文“Makingtimeforyourmatessoundsobviousbutit’snotalwayseasytoseethemwhenyouarebusy.Trysendingamessageorarrangingawalkorbikeridetohavetimetochat.Talkingaboutyourfeelingsletsyourfriendsknowyoutrustthemandgivesthemachancetodothesame.Ifyouthinkafriendisfeelingdown,findaquietmomenttoaskifeverything’sOKandlistencloselytotheiranswers.(为你的小伙伴腾出时间听起来是显而易见的，但当你忙的时候并不总是很容易见到他们。试着发个信息，或者安排一次散步或骑自行车，有时间聊天。把你的感受告诉你的朋友，让他们知道你信任他们，也给他们一个机会去信任他们。如果你觉得一个朋友情绪低落，找个安静的时间问问他是否一切都好，并仔细倾听他们的回答)”可知，本段在讲交朋友的一些做法和技能，E选项“交朋友是我们可以学习的最重要的技能之一”总领下文，符合语境。故选E。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AttheNelsonStreetPubinPembroke,they’repreparedforcustomerswhodineanddash.Infact,they____21____it.Onawallinsidethefrontdooraremeal____22____thathavebeenpaidforbycustomers,staff,otherbusinessesorresidents.Abovethemisa____23____thatreads:“Ifyouarehungryandhavenomoney,thesemealshavebeenpaidfor____24____.”Allanyonehastodois____25____thetickettheywantandgiveittoaserver.Themealappears—noquestionsasked,no____26____cast.IdrovetotherestaurantonaFridaytocheckitout.ThereImetSharonGribbons,wholivesinWaltham,Que.Shehad____27____toputacoupleofmealsuponthewall,oneonbehalfofafriend.Sheplannedto____28____amealeverymonth.“Everyoneneedsahotmeal,”sheexplained.OverthefewhoursIspentattherestaurant,sixpeople____29____themselvesofthepub’sgenerosity,whilecustomers____30____eightmealstothepantry(食品贮藏柜),includingthe“FishyandChippy”mealIputonmyownbill.It’s____31____thattheserviceplaysanimportantrole:offeringfreehotmealsatapubwherepeopleare____32____,notavoided;wheretheycaninteractwithothers,watchTVorlistentomusic;and,withluck,forgettheir____33____foranhourorso.Ihopeitssuccessisn’tdependent____34____onthatsmall-townneighborlyatmosphere,becausethisisa____35____thatneedstotravelbeyondPembroke—intoOttawa,andelsewhere.Everywhere.21.A.encourage B.avoid C.reward D.ignore22.A.receipts B.menus C.bills D.tickets23.A.paper B.sign C.letter D.warning24.A.ontime B.withcare C.byaccident D.inadvance25.A.pick B.compare C.book D.buy26.A.smile B.judgment C.shadow D.vote27.A.longed B.remembered C.paid D.struggled28.A.save B.consume C.donate D.share29.A.availed B.reminded C.convinced D.relieved30.A.exposed B.added C.applied D.introduced31.A.interesting B.strange C.surprising D.obvious32.A.appreciated B.welcomed C.attracted D.identified33.A.stories B.existence C.troubles D.dignity34.A.merely B.ultimately C.barely D.deeply35.A.service B.routine C.tradition D.kindness【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。在彭布罗克的纳尔逊街酒吧里，前门的墙上挂着顾客、员工、其他企业或居民支付的餐费收据，这些餐点会免费提供给没有钱吃饭的人们。作者也积极地参与其中，并希望这份善意可以传播到每个地方。〖答案〗21.A22.A23.B24.D25.A26.B27.C28.C29.A30.B31.D32.B33.C34.A35.D【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们对此是鼓励的。A.encourage鼓励；B.avoid避免；C.reward奖励；D.ignore忽视。根据前文“AttheNelsonStreetPubinPembroke,they’repreparedforcustomerswhodineanddash.(在彭布罗克的纳尔逊街酒吧，他们为那些吃完饭就跑的顾客准备好了。)”可知，此处是指他们对此是鼓励的。故选A。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：前门的墙上挂着顾客、员工、其他企业或居民支付的餐费收据。A.receipts收据；B.menus菜单；C.bills账单；D.tickets票据。根据“thathavebeenpaidforbycustomers,staff,otherbusinessesorresidents”可知，此处是指顾客、员工、其他企业或居民支付的餐费收据。故选A。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们的上方有一块牌子，上面写着：“如果你饿了，又没钱，这些饭已经提前付了钱。”A.paper纸；B.sign标牌；C.letter字母；D.warning警告。根据“thatreads”可知，此处是指上方有一块标牌。故选B。【24题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：它们的上方有一块牌子，上面写着：“如果你饿了，又没钱，这些饭已经提前付了钱。”A.ontime按时；B.withcare小心地；C.byaccident偶然；D.inadvance提前。根据前文“thathavebeenpaidforbycustomers,staff,otherbusinessesorresidents”可知，此处是指提前付了钱。故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：任何人所要做的就是选择他们想要的票，然后把它交给服务员。A.pick挑选；B.compare比较；C.book预定；D.buy购买。根据“thetickettheywant”可知，此处是指挑选他们想要的票。故选A。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：饭菜端上来了——没有任何问题，没有任何评判。A.smile微笑；B.judgment评判；C.shadow阴影；D.vote投票。根据“noquestionsasked”可知，此处是指没有任何评判。故选B。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她花钱把两顿饭挂在墙上，其中一顿是她朋友的。A.longed渴望；B.remembered记得；C.paid付钱；D.struggled挣扎。根据“toputacoupleofmealsuponthewall,oneonbehalfofafriend”可知，此处是指付钱把两顿饭挂在墙上。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她计划每个月捐一顿饭。A.save节省；B.consume消费；C.donate捐赠；D.share分享。根据后文“Everyoneneedsahotmeal(每个人都需要一顿热饭)”可知，此处是指她计划每个月捐一顿饭。故选C。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我待在餐厅的几个小时里，有六个人从酒吧的慷慨中受益，而顾客们在食品储藏室里加了八顿饭，包括我自己买单的“鱼和脆皮”。A.availed有益于；B.reminded提醒；C.convinced使信服；D.relieved缓解。根据“themselvesofthepub’sgenerosity”可知，此处是指有六个人从酒吧的慷慨中受益。故选A。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我待在餐厅的几个小时里，有六个人从酒吧的慷慨中受益，而顾客们在食品储藏室里加了八顿饭，包括我自己买单的“鱼和脆皮”。A.exposed使暴露；B.added增加；C.applied申请；D.introduced介绍。根据“eightmealstothepantry(食品贮藏柜),includingthe“FishyandChippy”mealIputonmyownbill”可知，此处是指在食品储藏室里加了八顿饭。故选B。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这项服务扮演着重要的角色：在酒吧里提供免费的热餐，欢迎而不是回避人们；在那里他们可以与他人互动，看电视或听音乐；幸运的是，他们可以在一个小时左右的时间里忘记自己的烦恼。A.interesting有趣的；B.strange奇怪的；C.surprising惊人的；D.obvious明显的。根据“thattheserviceplaysanimportantrole”可知，此处是指这是很明显的。故选D。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这项服务扮演着重要的角色：在酒吧里提供免费的热餐，欢迎而不是回避人们；在那里他们可以与他人互动，看电视或听音乐；幸运的是，他们可以在一个小时左右的时间里忘记自己的烦恼。A.appreciated欣赏；B.welcomed欢迎；C.attracted吸引；D.identified识别。根据“notavoided”可知，此处是指欢迎人们。故选B。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这项服务扮演着重要的角色：在酒吧里提供免费的热餐，欢迎而不是回避人们；在那里他们可以与他人互动，看电视或听音乐；幸运的是，他们可以在一个小时左右的时间里忘记自己的烦恼。A.stories故事；B.existence存在；C.troubles苦恼；D.dignity尊严。根据“wheretheycaninteractwithothers,watchTVorlistentomusic;and,withluck,forgettheir”可知，此处是指忘记自己的烦恼。故选C。【34题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我希望它的成功不仅仅依靠小镇的睦邻友好气氛，因为这种善意需要传播到彭布罗克以外的地方——到渥太华和其他地方。A.merely仅仅；B.ultimately最终；C.barely几乎不；D.deeply深深地。根据“thatneedstotravelbeyondPembroke—intoOttawa,andelsewhere”可知，此处是指不仅仅取决于小镇的睦邻友好气氛。故选A。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望它的成功不仅仅依靠小镇的睦邻友好气氛，因为这种善意需要传播到彭布罗克以外的地方——到渥太华和其他地方。A.service服务；B.routine惯例；C.tradition传统；D.kindness善意。根据前文“offeringfreehotmealsatapub”可知，此处是指这种善意。故选D。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。JilisilkisatypeofsilkproducedinJiliVillage,HuzhouCityZhejiangProvince.JiliVillagehasproducedsilk____36____thevillagewasestablishedinthelateYuanDynasty.Jilisilkissoftandfinewith____37____eventhicknessandshinywhitecolor.Withthesefeatures,JilisilkiswidelyrecognizedinChinaandacrosstheworld.Inthemid-MingDynastythissilkbecamewell-knownfor____38____(be)oneofthematerialsusedtomaketheemperor’srobes.IntheQingDynasty,thegovernmentusedtopurchasealargeamountofJilisilkeachye