山东省菏泽市2024届高三下学期信息押题英语试卷(一) 新高考I试卷（解析版）（一）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省菏泽市2024届高三下学期信息押题卷(一)新高考I卷英语试题考试时间为100分钟，满分120分第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAnsonL.ClarkScholarsProgramIfyou’reahighschoolstudentlookingforresearchopportunities,itdoesn’tgetmuchbetterthantheAnsonL.ClarkScholarsProgram.Thiswell-knownresearchprogramhasaselectionrateoflessthan3%andonly12highschooljuniorsorseniorsareselectedeverysummertojointheprogram.Inthispost,wewilldivedeepintothisprogramtohelpyouunderstandthestructure,thecost,location,researchareasavailable,andreasonswhyyoushouldapplyforthisintensiveresearchprogram.AboutAnsonL.ClarkScholarsProgramTheAnsonL.ClarkScholarsProgramwasestablishedin1963inhonorofAnsonL.Clark,aformerTexasA&Mstudentwhoproceededtocreateasuccessfulbusinesscareer!Thisprogramisanintensive7-weekcomprehensiveresearchprogramthatwillallowyoutogainhands-onpracticalresearchunderthementorship(导师制)ofTexasTechUniversityfaculty.Apartfromconductingone-on-oneresearchwithfaculty,youwillhaveadditionalweeklyseminars,discussionsandevenfieldvisits!TimeTheprogramisofflineandisconductedeverysummeratTexasTechUniversity.ThecurrentprogramdatesareJune16,2024toAugust1,2024.CostThereisnoprogramorregistrationfee,andyouron-campusmeals,on-campusroomandboard,andweekendactivitieswillbecoveredbytheprogram!ResearchAreasWhilethelistofresearchdisciplinesforSummer2024haven’tbeenreleased,someofthegeneralareas(basedontheSummer2023disciplines)youcanexpectarebiology,chemistry,computerscience,economics/business,finance/marketing,electricalengineering&computerengineering,history,andphysics.Youcanaccessthespecificresearchtopicsin2023intheattachment!QualificationThisprogramisopentohighschooljuniorsandseniorswhowillgraduateineither2024or2025.Youwillhavetobeatleast17yearsofagebytheprogramstartdate.1.WhatdoweknowabouttheAnsonL.ClarkScholarsProgram?A.It’sanannualresearchprogram. B.Itishardtocompletetheprogram.C.Itisinhonorofafamousscientist. D.Itisopentoallhighschoolstudents.2.Whatwillstudentsdointheprogram?A.VisitTexasTechUniversity. B.Createbusinesscareer.C.Listentolecturesonline. D.Dopracticalresearch.3.HowcanyouknowtheresearchareasforSummer2024atpresent?A.Bysearchingontheinternet. B.Byreferringto2023disciplines.C.Bypayingregistrationfee. D.Byaskingthementorsincollege.〖答案〗1.A2.D3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了AnsonL.Clark学者项目，包括其历史、时间安排、费用、研究领域及申请资格等详细信息，旨在为高中生提供高端暑期研究机会。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Ifyou’reahighschoolstudentlookingforresearchopportunities,itdoesn’tgetmuchbetterthantheAnsonL.ClarkScholarsProgram.Thiswell-knownresearchprogramhasaselectionrateoflessthan3%andonly12highschooljuniorsorseniorsareselectedeverysummertojointheprogram.(如果你是一个正在寻找研究机会的高中生，没有什么比安生·L·克拉克学者计划更好的了。这项著名的研究计划的选择率不到3%，每年夏天只有12名高中三年级或四年级学生被选中参加该计划)”可知，AnsonL.Clark学者计划每年夏天都会进行，面向高中生开放，但选拔非常严格，每年只有不到3%的录取率，且只挑选12名学生。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据AboutAnsonL.ClarkScholarsProgram标题下的“Thisprogramisanintensive7-weekcomprehensiveresearchprogramthatwillallowyoutogainhands-onpracticalresearchunderthementorship(导师制)ofTexasTechUniversityfaculty.(本课程是一个为期7周的强化综合研究课程，将让您在德克萨斯理工大学教师的指导下获得实践研究)”可知，参与该项目的学生会在导师指导下进行实际的研究工作。故选D。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据ResearchAreas标题下的“WhilethelistofresearchdisciplinesforSummer2024haven’tbeenreleased,someofthegeneralareas(basedontheSummer2023disciplines)youcanexpectarebiology,chemistry,computerscience,economics/business,finance/marketing,electricalengineering&computerengineering,history,andphysics.(虽然2024年夏季的研究学科列表尚未发布，但可以预期的一般领域（基于2023年夏季的学科）包括生物学、化学、计算机科学、经济/商业、金融/市场营销、电气工程和计算机工程、历史学和物理学)”可知，虽然2024年夏季的具体研究领域尚未公布，但可以根据2023年的学科领域进行参考。故选B。BOnaSaturdayinNovember,AnnacarinElf,theheadofGothenburgCityLibrary,justhappenedtowalkbyherworkplace.Noticingthatthedoorwasunlocked,sheenteredthelibrary,andwassurprisedthatpeoplewereusingitlikeonaregularday.However,itwasscheduledtobeclosedfortheNovember4AllSaints’Dayholiday,dedicatedtorememberingthedearlydepartedandforspendingtimewithfamily.“Inthelibrary,manyweresittingreadingnewspapers,somefamilieswereinthechildren’ssectionandothersweresearchingforbooksonthecomputer,”ElftoldTheLocal.ItseemedthatElf’scolleagueshadsimplyforgottentolockthedoor,andbecausethispopularlibraryisusuallyopenonSaturdays,peoplejustassumedtheycouldwalkin.Elfcalledtocheckwithherstaffteam,beforeannouncingthatthelibrarywasabouttoclose.Thevisitorscalmlyshuttheirbooksandleft,sometakingtheirbookswiththem.Itlaterdemonstratedthat446localsvisitedthecitylibrary,borrowingatotalof246booksduringtheday.What’sremarkableisthatclientscheckedouttheirbooksviathelibrary’selectronicself-servicesystem,andthattodate,allthebookshavebeenreturned!WhileElfdidexpresssurprisethatthelibraryseemedemptierthanusual,duetothelackofstaff,shehighlypraisedthecareshownbylocals:“Nothingwasdestroyed.It’samazingthatGothenburgersenteranemptylibraryandtreatitsolovingly.”Thelibraryitselfwasquicktoshowitssupportinanappreciativepostwith“ThankyouforSaturday,dearGothenburg.”ThisstoryreallyattractedSwedes,goingviralinthecountry.Theyweremovedbythiscommunity’srespectforthebooksandequipmentofwhatisatreasuredcommunityresource.TheMayorEUhasevensuggestedthatthisunusualSaturdayservesasanexperimentofthepossibilityofoperatingatotallyautomatedlibrary.4.WhydidElfenterthelibraryonSaturday?A.Shewasdoingsomeresearch. B.Sheforgotthatitwasaholiday.C.Thelibrarywasaccidentallyleftopen. D.ThelibrarywasusuallyopenonSaturdays.5.Whatdidthevisitorsdointhelibrary?A.Theybehavednormallyasusual. B.Theyheldfamilypartyinthelibrary.C.Theycheckedtheself-servicesystem. D.Theyvolunteeredtoserveaslibrarians.6.WhatwinstheheartofSwedesinthisstory?A.Thehonestcommunityspirit. B.Thelibrary’sappreciationtovisitors.C.Thecommunity’streasuredresources. D.Thelibrary’sunusualSaturdayservice.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.ALibraryLookedUpToTheBookworms B.ALibraryOperatedAnUnusualExperimentC.ALibraryCanBringOutTheBestInPeople D.ALibraryWasOpenForAllSaints’DayHoliday〖答案〗4.C5.A6.A7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在瑞典哥德堡市的一个图书馆，虽然图书馆在假期应该关闭，但是由于工作人员忘记锁门，市民们仍然像平常一样使用图书馆，而且他们都通过图书馆的电子自助系统借阅了书籍，所有的书都已经归还。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Noticingthatthedoorwasunlocked,sheenteredthelibrary,andwassurprisedthatpeoplewereusingitlikeonaregularday.(注意到门没有锁，她走进图书馆，惊讶地发现人们像往常一样使用它。)”可知，Elf在周六进入图书馆是偶然发现门开着，故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Noticingthatthedoorwasunlocked,sheenteredthelibrary,andwassurprisedthatpeoplewereusingitlikeonaregularday.(注意到门没有锁，她走进图书馆，惊讶地发现人们像往常一样使用它。)”可知，图书馆的访客们像往常一样使用图书馆，故选A项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ThisstoryreallyattractedSwedes,goingviralinthecountry.Theyweremovedbythiscommunity’srespectforthebooksandequipmentofwhatisatreasuredcommunityresource.TheMayorEUhasevensuggestedthatthisunusualSaturdayservesasanexperimentofthepossibilityofoperatingatotallyautomatedlibrary.(这个故事真的吸引了瑞典人，在全国疯传。他们被这个社区对宝贵的社区资源的书籍和设备的尊重所感动。欧盟市长甚至表示，这个不同寻常的周六是一个全自动图书馆运营可能性的实验。)”可知，赢得瑞士人民的心的是故事中体现出来的诚实的社区品质，故选A项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，讲述了在瑞典哥德堡市的一个图书馆，虽然图书馆在假期应该关闭，但是由于工作人员忘记锁门，市民们仍然像平常一样使用图书馆，而且他们都通过图书馆的电子自助系统借阅了书籍，所有的书都已经归还。作者通过这个故事想要传达的是图书馆可以激发人们最好的一面。C选项“图书馆能激发出人最好的一面”符合主旨，最适合作为本文标题。故选C项。CTheaward-winningdocumentary“FeedingTomorrow”explorestheAmericanfoodsystem’sshortcomingsandtheurgentneedforchange.DirectedbyOliverandSimonEnglish,thefilmdivesdeepintothecomplexwebofissuessurroundingfood,climatechange,andagriculture,leavingviewerswithaclearrealizationofthechallengesahead.Atitscore,“FeedingTomorrow”raisesfundamentalquestionsabouthumanity’srelationshipwiththeplanetandtheconsequencesofourconsumptionpatterns.Astheglobalpopulationreachesupto10billion,thefilmshowstheseriousrealitythatourcurrentmethodsoffoodproductionareunsustainable.Withagriculturealreadyoccupyinghalfofthehabitablelandandconsuming70%offreshwaterresources,theharmontheenvironmentisreachingcriticallevels.Thedocumentaryrevealstheinterconnectednessoffood,climate,andhealth,weavingtogethernarrativesfromdiversevoicesinthefieldsoffarming,health,andeducation.ThroughthestoriesofinnovatorslikeMarkShepard,ClareFox,andLisaMcDowell,“FeedingTomorrow”highlightstheurgentneedforsystemicchange.Oneofthecentralthemesofthedocumentaryistheimportanceofregenerativefarmingpractices.Bypromotingbiodiversityandtopsoilgrowth,regenerativeagricultureoffersapromisingpathtowardssustainability.Thefilmemphasizestheneedtotransitionfromconventional,monoculture(单一)farmingtomoreoverallapproaches.Moreover,“FeedingTomorrow”showsthesignificanceofadoptingplant-forwarddietsandreducingmeatconsumption.Withanimalagriculturebeingasignificantcontributortogreenhousegasemissionsandenvironmentaldegradation(恶化),thedocumentaryadvocatesforashifttowardsmoresustainabledietaryhabits.Ultimately,“FeedingTomorrow”servesasacryforcollectiveactionandsocialchange.Itchallengesviewerstoreevaluatetheirrelationshipwithfoodandembracesustainablepracticesthatbenefitbothpeopleandtheplanet.Thedocumentaryremindsusthatthepowertoshapeabetterfutureliesinourhands.InthewordsofMarkShepard,“Whatareyougoingtoeatfordinnertonight?Startaskingthequestions.”8.Whatdoweknowaboutourcurrentfoodproductionmethods?A.Theyaresuitabletofeedtheincreasingpopulation.B.Theyareinefficientandharmfultotheenvironment.C.Theyaretoofocusedonproducinglargequantitiesoffood.D.Theyarealloutdatedandneedtobereplacedwithnewones.9.Whydoes“FeedingTomorrow”tellsomeinnovators’stories?A.Topraisetheirachievements. B.Toindicatedifferentopinions.C.Tostressthenecessityofchange. D.Togiveexamplesoffarmingmethods.10.Whatdoesthedocumentaryappealpeopletodoinparagraph4?A.Keepthebalanceofnature. B.Takeupsustainablepractices.C.Prioritizeeconomicinterests. D.Investinagriculturalinnovations.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A.Tobrieflyintroduceanaward-winningfilm. B.ToexploreAmericanagriculture’sissues.C.Topresentnewfoodproductionmethods. D.Toshowtheimpactofclimateonagriculture.〖答案〗8.B9.C10.B11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了探讨美国食品体系的缺陷和改革的迫切需要的纪录片《未来供给》，该影片由Oliver和SimonEnglish执导，强调了人类与地球关系的基本问题以及消费模式带来的后果，揭示了食物、气候和健康之间的联系，强调了再生农业和植物性饮食的重要性，呼吁集体行动和社会变革。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Astheglobalpopulationreachesupto10billion,thefilmshowstheseriousrealitythatourcurrentmethodsoffoodproductionareunsustainable.Withagriculturealreadyoccupyinghalfofthehabitablelandandconsuming70%offreshwaterresources,theharmontheenvironmentisreachingcriticallevels.(随着全球人口达到100亿，这部电影展示了一个严峻的现实，即我们目前的粮食生产方式是不可持续的。农业已经占据了一半的可居住土地，消耗了70%的淡水资源，对环境的危害已经达到了临界水平)”可知，我们目前的粮食生产方式不可持续，消耗了过多的资源，效率不高，对环境有害。故选B项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“ThroughthestoriesofinnovatorslikeMarkShepard,ClareFox,andLisaMcDowell,“FeedingTomorrow”highlightstheurgentneedforsystemicchange.(通过MarkShepard、ClareFox和LisaMcDowell等革新者的故事，《未来供给》强调了系统性变革的迫切需要)”可知，该影片讲述一些革新者的故事是为了强调变革的必要性。故选C项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Oneofthecentralthemesofthedocumentaryistheimportanceofregenerativefarmingpractices.Bypromotingbiodiversityandtopsoilgrowth,regenerativeagricultureoffersapromisingpathtowardssustainability.Thefilmemphasizestheneedtotransitionfromconventional,monoculture(单一)farmingtomoreoverallapproaches.(纪录片的中心主题之一是再生农业实践的重要性。通过促进生物多样性和表土生长，再生农业为实现可持续性提供了一条有希望的道路。影片强调了从传统的单一种植方式向更全面的方式转变的必要性)”可知，该纪录片强调使用再生农业实践，转变传统的单一种植方式。因此，它是呼吁人们采取可持续的做法。故选B项。【11题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Theaward-winningdocumentary“FeedingTomorrow”explorestheAmericanfoodsystem’sshortcomingsandtheurgentneedforchange.(屡获殊荣的纪录片《未来供给》探讨了美国食品体系的缺陷和改革的迫切需要)”可知，文章紧紧围绕纪录片《未来供给》展开，介绍了其导演、探讨的主题、揭示的问题、给出的应对方法，以及对观众的呼吁等内容。由此可知，文章的目的应该是简要介绍这部获奖影片。故选A项。D“Whatdoyoumeanbythisphrase?It’sincorrectandaddsnothingtothesentence.Omit(省略).”ProfessorJones’scriticalfeedbackonmypaperhurtmewhenIfirstreadit.Iscannedhiscommentsfora“Goodjob!”or“Ilovethisidea,”buttheywerenowheretobefound.Everyonelikeswarmthandencouragement,butpurelypositiveaffirmations(肯定)don’tcommunicatewhatcanbeimproved.ResearchconductedonCharacterLabResearchNetworkfindsthatdirect,usefulfeedbackrequiringstudentstorevisetheirownworkismoreeffective.ForProfessorJones,thislookedlikeanoteattheendofanotherpaper:“I’msurethingswillimproveasthetermandyearwearon.”However,feedbackthatdoestheworkforastudent—correctingamisspelledword,rewritingasentence—cansignalateacher’slowexpectations.Whenkidsseecommentsthatsuggestwhatneedstobechanged,theycometorealizetheycandothingsontheirownandbecomemoreindependentlearners.Asabonus,thiskindoffeedbackletsstudentsknowthattheirteacherbelievesinthem.Asforme,IwasbenedictoryforProfessorJones’spointedcriticismwhichletmeknowthathetookmeseriously.Hewasexpectingmetodobetter,andthedetailedcommentsscrawled(潦草地写)oneverypagegavemethetoolstoimprove.Teacherscanaddaffirmationstotheirfeedbackaslongasit’snottheonlythingthey’redoing.Don’tconfusewarmthwithpromotingagrowthmindset.Beingniceisn’tthesameasshowingsomeoneyoubelievetheycanimprove.Sogivedetailedfeedbackthatsetsyoungpeopleuptotakechargeoftheirownlearning.Forexample,insteadofrewritingasentence,say:“Thisisarun-onsentence.Tryreadingitoutloudandaddpunctuationinplaceswhereyounaturallytakeabreath.”Askworth-exploringquestionsthatinspirestudentstothinkabouttheirapproach,thenletthemreviseontheirown.Whenitcomestowriting,theeasiestpathisn’talwaysthebestone.12.HowdidtheauthorinitiallyfeelaboutProfessorJones’sfeedback?A.Happyandmotivated. B.Upsetanddisappointed.C.Indifferentandunconcerned. D.Confidentandencouraged.13.Whatisthekeyaspectofeffectivefeedbackmentionedinthearticle?A.Itshouldbebriefandtothepoint. B.Itshouldbewarmandencouraging.C.Itshouldbewrittenattheendofthepaper. D.Itshouldbeuptostudentstofixtheirownwork.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“benedictory”meaninparagraph4?A.Responsible. B.Generous. C.Regretful. D.Grateful.15.Whatshouldteachersdowhencheckingstudent’spaperaccordingtothetext?A.Givestudentsgeneralpraise. B.Rewritesentencesforstudents.C.Providestudentscriticalsupport. D.Showstudentscorrectedassignments.〖答案〗12.B13.D14.D15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章强调了建设性的反馈对学生学习的重要性。作者通过自己论文被批评的经历，认识到直接且有用的反馈比单纯鼓励更有助于改进。研究显示，要求学生修改作业的直接反馈更有效，而过于温和的反馈可能暗示低期望。作者认为，教师应该提供建设性的反馈，激发学生的独立学习能力，帮助学生真正取得进步。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“ProfessorJones’scriticalfeedbackonmypaperhurtmewhenIfirstreadit.Iscannedhiscommentsfora“Goodjob!”or“Ilovethisidea,”buttheywerenowheretobefound.(当我第一次读到Jones教授对我论文的批评时，我很伤心。我浏览了他的评论，寻找“干得好！”或“我喜欢这个主意”，但这些都找不到)”可知，此时作者因为读到批评很伤心，而且没有找到任何积极的评论。由此可知，作者一开始对Jones教授的反馈感到沮丧和失望。故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“ResearchconductedonCharacterLabResearchNetworkfindsthatdirect,usefulfeedbackrequiringstudentstorevisetheirownworkismoreeffective.(在性格实验室研究网络上进行的研究发现，要求学生修改自己的作业的直接、有用的反馈更有效)”可知，文章中提到的有效反馈的关键方面是，应该由学生来修改自己的作业。故选D项。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“ProfessorJones’spointedcriticismwhichletmeknowthathetookmeseriously.Hewasexpectingmetodobetter,andthedetailedcommentsscrawled(潦草地写)oneverypagegavemethetoolstoimprove.(Jones教授尖锐的批评让我知道他是认真对待我的。他希望我做得更好，而在每一页上潦草的详细评论给了我改进的手段)”可知，作者意识到Jones教授的批评实际上表明他在认真对待自己，切实地帮助自己进行改进。由此可知，作者对此应该充满感激，画线词意思应该是“感激的”，与Grateful意思一致。故选D项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Don’tconfusewarmthwithpromotingagrowthmindset.Beingniceisn’tthesameasshowingsomeoneyoubelievetheycanimprove.Sogivedetailedfeedbackthatsetsyoungpeopleuptotakechargeoftheirownlearning.(不要把温暖和促进成长的心态混为一谈。友善并不等于向别人展示你相信他们可以进步。所以要给他们详细的反馈，让他们能够自主学习。)”可知，老师在检查学生的作业时，应该培养学生成长的心态，通过给出详细的反馈，让他们自己去进行改进。由此可知，老师应该为学生提供关键支持。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HOWTOGETTHEMOSTOUTOFEVERYBOOKYOUREADReadingbookscanbeoneoflife’sgreatestpleasuresandlearningexperiences.____16____.Especiallyifyou’rereadingabookformorethanjustthepleasureofit,youhavetodomorethanjustturnoveritspages.Herewewillexploreactionablewaystomaximizethebenefitsofreading.SetcleargoalsbeforereadingUnderstandingwhyyou’rereadingabookcansignificantlyimpacthowyouapproachit.Therightgoalwillhelpyoupayattentiontowhat’smostimportant.Ifyou’rereadingabookaboutphotography,youmaywanttopayparticularattentiontotheimages.____17____.MakesummariesforeverychapterAfterfinishingachapter,takeafewminutestosummarizeitinyourownwords.____18____.Italsocreatesahandyreferenceguideforthefuture.Summarizingcanbeacreativeprocess,too.Tryusingbulletpoints,mindmaps,orone-linerstocapturetheessenceofeachchapter.Applywhatyou’velearned____19____.Ifabookteachesyouanewapproachtotimemanagement,tryimplementingitinyourdailyroutine.Ifanovelprovidesamorallesson,reflectonhowitappliestoyourlife.Thisactiveapplicationensuresthatthebookleavesalastingimpact.____20____Theprocessofreadingdoesn’tendwhenyouturnthelastpage.Regularlyrevisitingyournotes,summaries,andreflectionskeepsthematerialfreshandrelevant.Considersettingasidetimeeachmonthtoreviewpreviousreadsandreflecthowthey’veshapedyourthoughtsandactions.Notforeverybook,ofcourse,justforthemostimpactfulones.A.RepeatreadingfordeeperinsightsB.ReviewandreflectC.Youmaynoticedetails,themes,orideasthatwerehiddenduringyourfirstreadingD.ThisexercisedeepensyourunderstandingandhelpsidentifythecentralthemesandideasE.SospendsometimereflectingonwhatyouhopetoachieveandletthatguideyourreadingprocessF.However,manyofusstruggletorememberandapplywhatwe’vereadG.Takingactiononwhatyou’vereadtransformstheoreticalknowledgeintopracticalwisdom〖答案〗16.F17.E18.D19.G20.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何从你读过的每本书中获得最大的收获。【16题详析】空前“Readingbookscanbeoneoflife’sgreatestpleasuresandlearningexperiences.(读书是人生最大的乐趣和学习经历之一。)”说明读书是人生最大的乐趣和学习经历之一，空后“Especiallyifyou’rereadingabookformorethanjustthepleasureofit,youhavetodomorethanjustturnoveritspages.Herewewillexploreactionablewaystomaximizethebenefitsofreading.(尤其是如果你读一本书不仅仅是为了乐趣，你必须做的不仅仅是翻页。在这里，我们将探索可行的方法来最大化阅读的好处。)”说明了后文就要讲最大化阅读的好处的方法，由此可见，有的人不能很好地从阅读中得到好处，F选项“However,manyofusstruggletorememberandapplywhatwe’veread(然而，我们中的许多人都很难记住和应用我们读过的东西)”中的However表转折，说明我们中的许多人很难记住和应用我们读过的东西，也就是不能从阅读中得到最大的好处，因此F选项承上启下，符合语境，故选F。【17题详析】本段小标题是“Setcleargoalsbeforereading(阅读前设定明确的目标)”，说明本段主要讲的是阅读前要设定明确的目标，空格处应该是和设定目标有关，E选项“Sospendsometimereflectingonwhatyouhopetoachieveandletthatguideyourreadingprocess(所以，花点时间思考你希望达到的目标，并让它指导你的阅读过程)”说明要思考阅读要达到的目标，和小标题一致，符合语境，故选E。【18题详析】空前“Afterfinishingachapter,takeafewminutestosummarizeitinyourownwords.(读完一章后，花几分钟用自己的话总结一下。)”说明了读完一章后要花几分钟用自己的话总结一下，空格处应该说明这么做的好处，D选项“Thisexercisedeepensyourunderstandingandhelpsidentifythecentralthemesandideas(这个练习加深你的理解，帮助你确定中心主题和思想)”说明了读完一章后花几分钟用自己的话总结一下的好处，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选D。【19题详析】本段小标题是“Applywhatyou’velearned(学以致用)”，说明本段要讲的是把读到的东西加以应用，空格处应该和应用读到的东西有关，G选项“Takingactiononwhatyou’vereadtransformstheoreticalknowledgeintopracticalwisdom(运用你读过的东西，可以将理论知识转化为实践智慧)”说明了应用读过的东西，和小标题一致，符合语境，故选G。【20题详析】空格处是本段小标题，由空后的“Regularlyrevisitingyournotes,summaries,andreflectionskeepsthematerialfreshandrelevant.Considersettingasidetimeeachmonthtoreviewpreviousreadsandreflecthowthey’veshapedyourthoughtsandactions.(定期回顾笔记、总结和反思，可以保持材料的新鲜感和相关性。考虑一下每个月抽出一点时间回顾一下以前读过的文章，反思一下它们是如何影响你的思想和行动的。)”可知，本段主要讲的是要回顾和反思，B选项“Reviewandreflect(回顾和反思)”说明了要回顾和反思，概括了本段主要内容，可作为小标题，故选B。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ourfamilywassittingontheporchswingenjoyingthesummerbreezewhenmyhusbandpointedtosomethingontheswing’schainnexttohim.We___21___forwardtoseealargeprayingmantis(螳螂)attachingtothechain.Weheldour___22___andwatched,notwantingtoscareitaway.Wesatand___23___chattedforthenexthalfhouraswewatchedtheinsect___24___upanddownthechain.Itseemed___25___byourpresence,andwewere___26___toobserveitsslow,precisemovements.Wewouldn’thave___27___itifmyhusbandhadnotpointeditout.Toooften,wemovethroughlife,___28___ofthebeautifulblessingssurroundinguseachday.The___29___ofsittingandwatchinganinsectforhalfanhourissomethingIdonotwantto____30____forgranted.Toooften,Idefinemyselfbymyproductivity.Istartmymorningwithachecklistand____31____myworthbyhowmuchIgetdonebytheday’send.I’mlearningto____32____mytirelessstrivingforproductivityandsimply____33____thegiftsofthisbeautifulworldwhenIseethem.Eachcreaturedisplaysasmall____34____.Tositandwatchauniquebuglikeaprayingmantisisanactofadmiration.IthinkI’ll____35____andsitforawhileinsearchofanotherbeautifulbugjusttoappreciatethebeautyofnature.21.A.struggled B.put C.bent D.dropped22.A.breath B.attention C.back D.tool23.A.casually B.quietly C.happily D.nervously24.A.looking B.flying C.climbing D.falling25.A.unbothered B.undoubted C.unattractive D.inaccessible26.A.grateful B.anxious C.impatient D.responsible27.A.selected B.recognized C.noticed D.scolded28.A.unfamiliar B.proud C.shameful D.unaware29.A.courage B.wisdom C.safety D.reward30.A.owe B.take C.bring D.fetch31.A.balance B.measure C.release D.promote32.A.defend B.keep C.imagine D.stop33.A.enjoy B.deliver C.produce D.ignore34.A.principle B.purpose C.wonder D.puzzle35.A.pullthrough B.goout C.turnup D.comeback〖答案〗21.C22.A23.B24.C25.A26.A27.C28.D29.D30.B31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者一家人在门廊秋千上观察到一只螳螂，他们静静地坐着聊天，欣赏螳螂的行动，并对能够观察到这样的情况充满感激。作者反思了日常生活中对生产力的过度追求，意识到应该更多地欣赏周围的自然美景和生活中的小奇迹。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们向前弯下腰，看到一只大螳螂挂在链子上。A.struggled挣扎；B.put放置；C.bent弯曲；D.dropped落下。根据上文“Ourfamilywassittingontheporchswingenjoyingthesummerbreeze”和下文“forwardtoseealargeprayingmantis(螳螂)attachingtothechain”可推知，坐在秋千上的他们应该是向前弯下腰，去看这只大螳螂。故选C。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们屏住呼吸看着，不想把它吓跑。A.breath呼吸；B.attention注意力；C.back背部；D.tool工具。根据下文“notwantingtoscareitaway”可知，他们不想把它吓跑，因此是屏住呼吸看着，固定短语holdone’sbreath意为“屏住呼吸”。故选A。【23题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的半个小时里，我们坐在那里静静地聊天，看着昆虫在链子上爬上爬下。A.casually随意地；B.quietly安静地；C.happily快乐地；D.nervously紧张地。根据上文“notwantingtoscareitaway”可知，他们不想把它吓跑，因此是坐在那里静静地聊天。故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的半个小时里，我们坐在那里静静地聊天，看着昆虫在链子上爬上爬下。A.looking看；B.flying飞；C.climbing爬；D.falling落下。根据下文“upanddownthechain”和“toobserveitsslow,precisemovements”可知，这只螳螂行动缓慢而精确，应该是在链子上爬上爬下。故选C。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它似乎对我们的存在毫不关心，看到它缓慢而精确的行动，我们充满感激。A.unbothered不关心的；B.undoubted无疑的；C.unattractive不吸引人的；D.inaccessible不可接近的。根据下文“toobserveitsslow,precisemovements”可知，这只螳螂行动缓慢而精确，专注于自己的行为，因此是不关心作者一家的存在。故选A。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它似乎对我们的存在毫不关心，看到它缓慢而精确的行动，我们充满感激。A.grateful感激的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.impatient不耐烦的；D.responsible负责的。根据下文“thebeautifulblessingssurroundinguseachday”可知，作者认为这只螳螂缓慢而精确的行动是美丽的祝福，因此是对看到这样的情景心存感激。故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果不是我丈夫指出来，我们是不会注意到的。A.selected选择；B.recognized认出；C.noticed注意到；D.scolded责骂。根据下文“ifmyhusbandhadnotpointeditout”可推知，如果不是作者的丈夫指出来，他们不会注意到这只微小的昆虫。故选C。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，我们度过了一生，却没有意识到每天都有美丽的祝福围绕着我们。A.unfamiliar不熟悉的；B.proud骄傲的；C.shameful可耻的；D.unaware未意识到的。根据下文“Toooften,Idefinemyselfbymyproductivity.”可知，作者常常用生产力来定义自己，也就是追求生产力，因此会没有意识到每天都有美丽的祝福围绕着自己。故选D。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不想把坐着观察一只昆虫半个小时的奖励视为理所当然。A.courage勇气；B.wisdom智慧；C.safety安全；D.reward奖励。根据上文“thebeautifulblessingssurroundinguseachday”可知，作者认为这只螳螂缓慢而精确的行动是美丽的祝福，因此此处指坐着观察一只昆虫半个小时的奖励。故选D。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想把坐着观察一只昆虫半个小时的奖励视为理所当然。A.owe欠；B.take拿、认为；C.bring带来；D.fetch取来。根据下文“forgranted”可知，take符合语境，构成固定短语takesth.forgranted，意为“把……视作理所当然”。故选B。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，我都会列一张清单，并以一天结束时我完成了多少工作来衡量自己的价值。A.balance平衡；B.measure衡量；C.release释放；D.promote促进。根据上文“Toooften,Idefinemyselfbymyproductivity.”可知，作者常常用生产力来定义自己，也就是追求生产力，因此会在一天结束时以完成了多少工作来衡量自己的价值。故选B。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正在学习停止不知疲倦地追求生产力，当我看到这个美丽世界的礼物时，只是享受它们。A.defend防御；B.keep保持；C.imagine想象；D.stop停止。根据下文“Tositandwatchauniquebuglikeaprayingmantisisanactofadmiration.”可知，作者认为坐下来观看一种独特的昆虫是一种令人钦佩的行为，因此会学习停止不知疲倦地追求生产力。故选D。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我正在学习停止不知疲倦地追求生产力，当我看到这个美丽世界的礼物时，只是享受它们。A.enjoy享受；B.deliver交付；C.produce生产；D.ignore忽视。根据下文“Tositandwatchauniquebuglikeaprayingmantisisanactofadmiration.”可知，作者认为坐下来观看一种独特的昆虫是一种令人钦佩的行为，因此是想在看到这个美丽世界的礼物时，只是享受它们。故选A。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一种生物都有一个小小的奇迹。A.principle原则；B.purpose目的；C.wonder奇迹；D.puzzle谜。根据上文“thebeautifulblessingssurroundinguseachday”可知，作者意识到每天都有美丽的祝福围绕着自己，因此是觉得每一种生物都有一个小小的奇迹。故选C。【35题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想我要出去坐一会儿，寻找另一个美丽的虫子，欣赏大自然的美。A.pullthrough渡过难关；B.goout出去；C.turnup出现；D.comeback回来。根据上文“Ourfamilywassittingontheporchswingenjoyingthesummerbreeze”可知，作者一家当时是在门廊的秋千上，因此是想出去坐一会儿，寻找另一个美丽的虫子。故选B。第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LhakpaDondrub,22,wasbornwithageneticdisease,whichaffectedhis___36___(grow),leavinghimaboutImeterinheight,andconfinedhimtoawheelchair,butithasn’tstoppedhim___37___(pursue)hisdreamtobecomeaphot