江苏省溧阳市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末教学质量调研英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省溧阳市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末教学质量调研英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节阅读理解(共15小题,每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThroughouthistory,womenhavemadesignificantcontributionstothefieldofscience.Itisessentialtoshedlightonthewomenofscience,astheirstrugglesandbreakthroughscontinuetoinspiregenerationsofscientists.AdaLovelaceAdaLovelace,thedaughterofthepoetLordByron,isoftenregardedastheworld’sfirstcomputerprogrammer.Herground-breakinginsightsandanalyticalskillsledhertowritethefirstalgorithm,imaginingthepotentialofthemachinetodomorethanjustcalculations.Lovelace’svisionmadeherwell-knownasapioneerinthefield.RosalindFranklinRosalindFranklin’sX-raycrystallographyimagesplayedavitalroleinunderstandingthestructureofDNA.Herdata,acquiredthroughresearch,wasusedbyJamesWatsonandFrancisCrickwithoutherpermissionoracknowledgment.Franklin’sinvaluablecontributionstogeneticsandbiologydeserverecognitionastheyprovidedthekeyinsightsintothebuildingblocksoflife,yethernameisoftenovershadowedbyhermalecolleagues.LiseMeitnerLiseMeitnermadeground-breakingdiscoveriesinnuclearscience.Meitner’scontributionstothisfieldarecelebratedtoday,asshepavedthewayforsignificantadvancementsinenergyproductionandscientificunderstanding.LiseMeitnercertainlydeservestheplaceshehasearnedinthehistoryofscience.MaryAnningMaryAnningmaderemarkablediscoveriesduringtheearly19thcenturyandwontherespectofthescientistsofhertime.Anningunearthedthefirstcompletebonesofanichthyosaur(鱼龙).HerpioneeringworklaidthefoundationforthestudyofprehistoriclifeandhelpedshapeourunderstandingofEarth’shistory.1.Whomightbeaphysicist?A.AdaLovelace. B.RosalindFranklin.C.LiseMeitner. D.MaryAnning.2.WhatmadeAdaLovelacefamous?A.Herhardwork. B.Hergreatforesight.C.Hercompetitivespirit. D.Herhighintelligence.3.WhatdoweknowaboutRosalindFranklin?A.Shesetupgenetics. B.Sheisunderestimated.C.SheinventedtheX-raycrystallography. D.Shehelpedhercolleaguestoacquiredata.〖答案〗1.C2.B3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几位对科学领域做出了重大贡献的女性。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据LiseMeitner段落中“LiseMeitnermadeground-breakingdiscoveriesinnuclearscience.(LiseMeitner在核科学方面有了突破性的发现。)”可知，LiseMeitner应该是核物理学家。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据AdaLovelace段落中“Herground-breakinginsightsandanalyticalskillsledhertowritethefirstalgorithm,imaginingthepotentialofthemachinetodomorethanjustcalculations.Lovelace’svisionmadeherwell-knownasapioneerinthefield.(她开创性的洞察力和分析能力使她写出了第一个算法，想象了机器的潜力，不仅仅是计算。Lovelace的远见使她成为该领域的知名先驱。)”可知，是AdaLovelace的远见使她出名的。故选B项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据RosalindFranklin段落中“Franklin’sinvaluablecontributionstogeneticsandbiologydeserverecognitionastheyprovidedthekeyinsightsintothebuildingblocksoflife,yethernameisoftenovershadowedbyhermalecolleagues.(Franklin对遗传学和生物学的宝贵贡献值得肯定，因为他们为生命的构成提供了关键的见解，但她的名字往往被她的男性同事所掩盖。)”可知，RosalindFranklin被低估了。故选B项。BLiDanworksasateacheratEastChinaJiaotongUniversityinJiangxiProvince.Duringhersparetime,sherecreatesancientChinesedelicaciesthathavebeenallbutlosttohistory.LibeganworkingontheprojectinAugust2020,andsofarthemanytraditionaldishesshehascreatedincludemorethan60fromDreamoftheRedMansions,oneofChina’sfourgreatestclassicnovels.Torecreatethedishes,shehashadtorefertobooksontraditionalrecipes,agricultureandeventraditionalChinesemedicinetolearnandadopttraditionaltechniques.“I’velikedthenovelsinceIwasakidbecauseIwasalwaysimpressedbythefooddescribedinit.Itsillustrationofthedishesvividlyshowstheeleganceoflifeinthatera,soIhavebeentryingtorevivethem,”saidLi.“Imakethesedelicaciesinthehopethatmorepeoplewillreadthenovel.”Lisaysthatoneofthebiggestchallengesisrecreatingdishesthatrequirehighlyseasonalingredients.Ifallofhertrialdishesfailduringtheshortseason,sheneedstowaitoneyeartotryagain.Themostdifficultdishesshehaseverattemptedarechickenskinsoupwithpickledbambooshoots,anddriedeggplant.Ittookhermorethantwoweekstofinisheachofthedishes.“Clothingandbuildingscanallbewelllookedafter,whereasfoodcanseldombeconservedinmuseums.Forfood,modernpeoplehaveonlyancientaccountstoreferto,”shesaid.FoodisoneofmanyhighlightsintraditionalChineseculture.AsChinesecultureisincreasinglyacceptedbytheyoungergenerations,manyonlineinfluencerslikeLialsohavepostedvideosofthemselvesrecreatingancientChinesefood.Professionalchefshavealsobeenbringingcuisinesrecordedinancientbooksbacktolife,carryingforwardtraditionaltechniques.Throughtheirefforts,thecultureandfolkcustomsbehindtheplatearealsobeingbroughtback.4.WhydidLirecreatethedishesfromDreamoftheRedMansions?A.Togainmorefollowersonline. B.Toattractmorepeopletothebook.C.Tocarryforwardtraditionaltechniques.D.Tomakethedish-makingprocesssimple.5.WhatbringsLichallengeswhensherecreatestraditionaldishes?A.Herlackofexperienceincooking. B.Herbusyteachingjobatuniversity.C.Thehighcostsofsomeingredients. D.Theshortsupplytimeofsomeingredients.6.WhatdoweknowaboutthedishesrecreatedbyLi?A.Theycanbekeptinmuseums. B.Therearevideosaboutthemonline.C.Professionalchefsspeakhighlyofthem. D.TheyarefromChina’sfourclassicnovels.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.NewlifeoftraditionalChinesedishesB.AhobbyturnedintoasecondcareerC.MediainfluenceontraditionalChinesecultureD.TraditionalChinesefoodshinesontheworldstage〖答案〗4.B5.D6.B7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一名大学老师李丹在闲暇之余，重新制作那些几乎已经失传的中国古代美食，到目前为止，她创造的传统菜肴包括60多种来自中国四大古典小说之一《红楼梦》的菜肴，这给中国传统美食带来了新的生机。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段““IvelikedthenovelsinceIwasakidbecauseIwasalwaysimpressedbythefooddescribedinit.Itsillustrationofthedishesvividlyshowstheeleganceoflifeinthatera,soIhavebeentryingtorevivethem,”saidLi.“Imakethesedelicaciesinthehopethatmorepeoplewillreadthenovel.”(‘我从小就喜欢这本小说，因为书中描述的食物总是给我留下深刻印象。书中对菜肴的描绘生动地展现了那个时代生活的优雅，所以我一直在努力重现它们，’李说。‘我做这些美食是希望更多的人能读到这本小说。’)”可知，李重现《红楼梦》里的菜肴是为了吸引更多人关注这本书。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Lisaysthatoneofthebiggestchallengesisrecreatingdishesthatrequirehighlyseasonalingredients.Ifallofhertrialdishesfailduringtheshortseason,sheneedstowaitoneyeartotryagain.

(李说，最大的挑战之一是重新制作需要季节性食材的菜肴。如果她所有的试验菜肴在短暂的季节里都失败了，她就需要等一年才能再次尝试。)”可知，李在重现传统菜肴时面临的挑战事有些食材供应时间短。故选D。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“AsChinesecultureisincreasinglyacceptedbytheyoungergenerations,manyonlineinfluencerslikeLialsohavepostedvideosofthemselvesrecreatingancientChinesefood.

(随着中华文化越来越被年轻一代所接受，许多像李这样的网络红人也发布了自己重现古代中国美食的视频。)”可知，网上有关于李重现这些食物的视频。故选B。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“LiDanworksasateacheratEastChinaJiaotongUniversityinJiangxiProvince.Duringhersparetime,sherecreatesancientChinesedelicaciesthathavebeenallbutlosttohistory.(李丹是江西华东交通大学的一名教师。闲暇之余，她会重新制作那些几乎已经失传的中国古代美食。)”和第二段中“ LibeganworkingontheprojectinAugust2020,andsofarthemanytraditionaldishesshehascreatedincludemorethan60fromDreamoftheRedMansions,oneofChina’sfourgreatestclassicnovels.(李于2020年8月开始从事该项目，到目前为止，她创造的传统菜肴包括60多种来自中国四大古典小说之一《红楼梦》的菜肴。)”以及最后一段中“Throughtheirefforts,thecultureandfolkcustomsbehindtheplatearealsobeingbroughtback.(通过他们的努力，盘子背后的文化和民俗也正在被带回来。)”可知，文章主要讲述了一名大学老师李丹在闲暇之余，重新制作那些几乎已经失传的中国古代美食，到目前为止，她创造的传统菜肴包括60多种来自中国四大古典小说之一《红楼梦》的菜肴，这给中国传统美食带来了新的生机，A项“传统中餐的新生命”适合作文章标题，故选A。C“Thenewsis...thereisnonews.”Withthosewords,outsideStMary’sHospitalinLondonawaitingthebirthofPrinceGeorgeinJuly2013,myreportingfortheBBCwentviralontheInternet.NotforwhatIwassayingbutthewayIwassayingit.Thehelplesslook.Thedepressedtone.Viewerscouldrelatetome.Becausetheyarehuman.AndsoamI.Fedhaisnothuman.Yes,thefair-hairedwomanlookshuman.ThisweekshewasintroducedasthefirstpresenterinKuwaitwhoworksbyartificialintelligence.“Whatkindofnewsdoyouprefer?Let'shearyouropinions,”shesaysinArabic.AInewsreadersactuallynevermakeacock-upoftheirjobs.Theycanskipthemispronunciations,thecomplaintsoverfoundationcoloursinmakeup,andeventhestressesovertoo-weakhairspray.ToexaminetheproblemsthatmaycomewithanAInewsreader,IthoughtIwouldturnthetablesandaskGenie—thechatbotpoweredbyChatGPT.“Theymaystrugglewithdeliveringthenewsinawaythatisappealingtoviewers,”Geniesays.Igetthat.Asfarasdeliveringthenewsisconcerned,thefaceandvoicebehinditmatters.MyChatGPTfriendalsotellsmethatthereareconcernsaboutthepotentialforAInewsreaderstobeusedtospreadfalseinformation,astheymaynotbeabletodeterminethecorrectnessofastory’ssource.Notjustinthedeliveryofnews,butinitscontent.AIisalreadyinvolvedinthespreadof“untruenews”—andthatwillonlygetworse.Atatimewhentrustinnewsprovidersisreducing,thenextfewyearsthreatentobeverychallengingifthattrustistoberegained.OneofthemainconcernsaboutAInewsreadersisthattheylackthehumantouchandemotion.Ihavedeliveredsomeofthebiggeststories.Whetheritbeanairattackorthedeathofamajorfigure,it'snotjustthewordsthatmatter.Youneedtolookandsoundright.AnAInewsreadercannotconvey(传达)areactiontoabreakingstory.8.Howdidviewersreactaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Theyfoundthereportingconfusing. B.Theyfeltexcitedaboutthereporting.C.Theyconsideredtheauthorunprofessional. D.Theyknewtheauthor’sthoughtsandfeelings.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“makeacock-upof”inparagraph2mean?A.Talkabout. B.Makeafoolof.C.Keepaneyeon. D.Messup.10.WhatdoesGeniethinkofAInewsreaders?A.Theymaydelivermisleadingnews. B.Theycanlocatethesourceofanewsstory.C.Theyinteractwithviewersinanimproperway. D.Theywearthesamefacialexpressionsashumans.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.TovoicehisdoubtaboutAInewsreaders. B.Tosharehisexperienceofbeingareporter.C.TointroduceanAInewsreadercalledFedha. D.ToshowChatGPT'simpactonnewsreporting.〖答案〗8.D9.D10.A11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。本文讨论了人工智能新闻播报员的局限，特别是其缺乏人类情感和触感的问题，以及对新闻真实性和信任度的潜在影响。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后三句“Viewerscouldrelatetome.Becausetheyarehuman.AndsoamI.”（观众们能够理解我。因为他们是人类，而我也是。）可推断观众通过作者无助的表情和沮丧的语调，能够感受到作者当时的想法和情感。因此，他们与作者产生了共鸣，理解了作者的心情。故选D。【9题详析】短语猜测题。根据后文“Theycanskipthemispronunciations,thecomplaintsoverfoundationcoloursinmakeup,andeventhestressesovertoo-weakhairspray.”（它们可以跳过发音错误、对化妆粉底颜色的抱怨，甚至是对发胶不够牢固的担忧。），此处列举了AI新闻播报员不会犯的一些常见错误，如发音错误、化妆颜色问题、以及头发定型喷雾不足等问题，由此可推测前文强调的是AI新闻播报员不会在工作中犯错，故选D。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“MyChatGPTfriendalsotellsmethatthereareconcernsaboutthepotentialforAInewsreaderstobeusedtospreadfalseinformation,astheymaynotbeabletodeterminethecorrectnessofastory'ssource.Notjustinthedeliveryofnews,butinitscontent.

”（我的ChatGPT朋友还告诉我，人们担心人工智能新闻播报员可能会被用来传播虚假信息，因为他们可能无法确定新闻来源的正确性。不仅是在新闻传递方面，而且在新闻内容方面。）可知，Genie认为人工智能新闻播报员可能会传播误导性新闻。故选A。【11题详析】写作目的题。在文中，作者通过自己的亲身经历，描述了人类新闻播报员在播报新闻时的情感和反应，然后对比了人工智能新闻播报员的局限性，比如缺乏人类的情感和可能传播虚假信息的风险。作者通过提出这些问题和担忧，表达了对人工智能新闻播报员能否有效地替代人类播报员的怀疑态度。故选A。DItisthoughtthatmusiccanbenefitkids’growth.Techniquesforintegrating(融入)musicintomathlessonsrangefromclappingtopieceswithdifferentrhythmswhenlearningnumbersandfractions,tousingmathtodesignmusicalinstruments.Previousresearchhasshownthatchildrenwhoarebetteratmusicalsodobetteratmath.Butwhetherteachingmusictoyoungstersactuallyimprovestheirmathtestscoreshasbeenlessclear.Tofindoutmore,TurkishresearcherDrAyeaAkin,carriedoutastudy.Shefirstreviewedtheresultsof55studiesfromaroundtheworld,involvingalmost78,000youngpeoplefromkindergartenerstouniversitystudents.Thensheclassifiedthetypesofmusicalinterventionineducation:standardizedmusicinterventions(typicalmusiclessons,inwhichchildrensingandlistento,andcomposemusic),instrumentalmusicalinterventions(lessonsinwhichchildrenlearnhowtoplayinstruments,eitherindividuallyoraspartofaband)andmusic-mathintegratedinterventions,inwhichmusicisintegratedintomathlessons.Finally,shecomparedstudents’mathtestresultsbeforeandaftertakingpartintheinterventions.Theresultshowsthattheuseofmusic,whetherinseparatelessonsoraspartofmathclasses,wasconnectedwithgreaterimprovementinmathovertime.Tobemorespecific,bothsubjectsrequireabstract(抽象的)thoughtandquantitativereasoning.Forexample,geometryandmusichavemuchincommon,suchastheuseofsymmetry(对称).Arithmeticmaylenditselfparticularlywelltobeingtaughtthroughmusicbecausecentralconcepts,suchasfractionsandratios(比例),arealsoimportanttomusic.Integratedlessonsareespeciallyeffectivebecausetheyaremoreenjoyablethantraditionalmathlessonsandstudentscanfeellessnervousaboutmath.DrTaylorFrancis,anexpertineducation,said,“Thestudycangiveteachersarealinsightintobothmathandmusiceducation.However,thestudycanbemorethorough.Itshouldincludemorefactorssuchasstudents’gender(性别),socio-economicstatusandthelengthofmusicalinstructioninthestudy.”12.WhatmaybethetopicofDrAycaAkin’sstudy?A.Howmusiccanbeintegratedintomatheducation.B.Howmathinfluencesthedesignofmusicalinstruments.C.Howmusiceducationcanbenefitchildrenatanearlystage.D.Howmusicinfluencesstudents'academicperformanceinmath.13.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Theformsofmajormusiclessons. B.Thesignificanceofmusiclessons.C.TheprocessofDrAycaAkin’sstudy. D.Thedifferencesofmusicalinterventions.14.Whyareintegratedlessonsespeciallyeffective?A.Theycaneasestudents’anxietyaboutmath.B.Theycanteachintegratingmathtostudents.C.Theycanmakeabstractideaseasytounderstand.D.Theycanmakestudentsconnectmusictogeometry.15.WhatisDrTaylorFrancis’attitudetowardsthestudy?A.Positive. B.Negative. C.Objective. D.Unclear.〖答案〗12.D13.C14.A15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了土耳其研究者Dr.AyçaAkin进行的一项关于音乐如何影响学生数学成绩的研究。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Butwhetherteachingmusictoyoungstersactuallyimprovestheirmathtestscoreshasbeenlessclear.Tofindoutmore,TurkishresearcherDrAyeaAkin,carriedoutastudy.(但是，教授年轻人音乐是否真的能提高他们的数学考试成绩还不太清楚。为了了解更多，土耳其研究员艾亚·阿金博士进行了一项研究)”可知，DrAycaAkin的研究主题可能是音乐如何影响学生在数学方面的学业成绩。故选D项。【13题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Shefirstreviewedtheresultsof55studiesfromaroundtheworld,involvingalmost78,000youngpeoplefromkindergartenerstouniversitystudents.Thensheclassifiedthetypesofmusicalinterventionineducation:standardizedmusicinterventions(typicalmusiclessons,inwhichchildrensingandlistento,andcomposemusic),instrumentalmusicalinterventions(lessonsinwhichchildrenlearnhowtoplayinstruments,eitherindividuallyoraspartofaband)andmusic-mathintegratedinterventions,inwhichmusicisintegratedintomathlessons.Finally,shecomparedstudents’mathtestresultsbeforeandaftertakingpartintheinterventions(她首先回顾了来自全球的55项研究结果，这些研究涉及了从幼儿园到大学生的近78,000名年轻人。然后，她将教育中的音乐干预类型进行了分类：标准化音乐干预（典型的音乐课程，孩子们在其中唱歌、听音乐和作曲）、器乐音乐干预（课程中孩子们学习如何演奏乐器，无论是个人还是作为乐队的一部分）以及音乐-数学综合干预，即在数学课程中融入音乐。最后，她比较了学生们在参与这些干预前后的数学测试结果)”可知，第二段主要讲述了主要描述了DrAycaAkin的研究过程：她首先回顾了相关研究结果，对教育中的音乐干预类型进行分类，最后比较学生参与干预前后的数学测试结果。故选C项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Integratedlessonsareespeciallyeffectivebecausetheyaremoreenjoyablethantraditionalmathlessonsandstudentscanfeellessnervousaboutmath.(综合课程特别有效，因为它们比传统的数学课程更有趣，学生可以减少对数学的紧张感。)”可知，综合课程特别有效是因为它们比传统数学课更有趣，能减轻学生对数学的焦虑。故选A项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“DrTaylorFrancis,anexpertineducation,said,“Thestudycangiveteachersarealinsightintobothmathandmusiceducation.However,thestudycanbemorethorough.Itshouldincludemorefactorssuchasstudents’gender(性别),socio-economicstatusandthelengthofmusicalinstructioninthestudy.”(教育专家泰勒·弗朗西斯博士表示：‘这项研究可以让教师真正了解数学和音乐教育。然而，这项研究可以更加深入。它应该包括更多因素，如学生的性别、社会经济地位以及音乐教育的时长。’)”可知，DrTaylorFrancis既肯定了研究的价值，又指出了其不足，态度是客观的。故选C项。第二节七选五(共5小题,每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ethics(道德规范)areconcernedwithpeople'smoralactions.Onetypeofethicsisschoolethics.____16____Theyincludestudents,teachersandadministrators.Ethicsdesignedforeachofthesegroupsareusuallycreatedwithintheinstitution,throughprofessionalorganizations,orbyboth.Schoolethicsprovideethicalstandardspeopleareexpectedtofollowinrelationtoworkingwithothersandinthedecision-makingprocess.Ethicsalsobringconsequencestothosewhodon’tfollowschoolethics.Thesemoralrulesaresignificant.____17____Moreover,theyencouragepeopletosupporteachotherandsupporttheschoolwithsomespecialrequirementsdesignedforthem.____18____Particularly,studentsmustrespecttheirpeers,teachersandadministrators.Additionally,schoolethicsrequirestudentstorespecttheirinstitutionswhichthey’readmittedinto.Oneofthemostsignificantfactorsconcerningstudentsandethicsinschoolsisplagiarism(剽窃)—studentsarerequiredtohandinworkthatisuniquelytheirownandbepreparedtosufferconsequencesifitisnot.Teachersandadministratorsareethicallyguidedthroughprofessionalandinstitutionalethicalcodes.Theytypicallyarerequiredtocreatealearningenvironmentthatpromoteshighethicalstandardsforstudentsthroughmodelingandinstruction.Moreover,teachersandadministratorsshouldcreateasafeandfairlearningenvironment.____19____Educatorsarealsorequiredtoshowhighethicalstandardsintheircommunicationwithparents,peers,students,etc.Buildingtrustisanessentialpartoftheseinteractions.Teachersandadministratorsareethicallyexpectedtomaintaintheirprofessionaltrainingandtopresentthemselvesasrepresentativesoftheschoolinanethicalmanner.____20____Butmostoftheeducatorsaresupportiveoftheseethics.A.Besides,therulescanbeinteresting.B.Whyshouldstudentsfollowtheethics?C.Whatareschoolethics’requirementsforstudents?D.Tostrictlyfollowalltheethicscanbechallenging.E.Theyhelpcreateanatmosphereoftrust,honesty,etc.F.Generally,suchethicsapplytoallpeopleinaschool.G.Thus,allstudentscanhaveequaleducationalchancestoachievesuccess.〖答案〗16.F17.E18.C19.G20.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了学校道德规范的重要性。【16题详析】根据下文“Theyincludestudents,teachersandadministrators.”（他们包括学生、教师和行政人员）可知，下文具体说明了道德规范适用的人群。故选项承接下文与道德规范适用的人群有关。allpeopleinaschool呼应students,teachersandadministrators。故F选项“一般来说，这种道德规范适用于学校里的所有人”切题。故选F项。【17题详析】根据上文“Thesemoralrulesaresignificant.”（这些道德准则意义重大）和下文“Moreover,theyencouragepeopletosupporteachotherandsupporttheschoolwithsomespecialrequirementsdesignedforthem.”（此外，它们鼓励人们相互支持，并为他们设计一些特殊的要求来支持学校）可知，选项和下文都是说明道德规范重要的原因。故E选项“它们有助于创造一种信任、诚实等的氛围。”切题。故选E项。【18题详析】根据下文“Particularly,studentsmustrespecttheirpeers,teachersandadministrators.Additionally,schoolethicsrequirestudentstorespecttheirinstitutionswhichthey’readmittedinto.”（特别是，学生必须尊重他们的同龄人、老师和行政人员。此外，学校道德要求学生尊重他们被录取的机构。）可知，本段是说明道德规范对学生的要求。故C选项“学校道德对学生的要求是什么?”切题。故选C项。【19题详析】根据上文“Moreover,teachersandadministratorsshouldcreateasafeandfairlearningenvironment.”（此外，教师和管理者应该创造一个安全公平的学习环境。）可知，选项承接上文说明创造一个安全公平的学习环境带来的好的结果是什么。故G选项“因此，所有学生都有平等的获得成功的教育机会。”切题。故选G项。【20题详析】根据下文“Butmostoftheeducatorsaresupportiveoftheseethics.”（但大多数教育工作者都支持这些道德规范）可知，选项与下文为转折关系说明严格遵循这些道德规范是不容易的。故D选项“严格遵守所有的道德规范是具有挑战性的”符合语境。alltheethics呼应下文theseethics。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ShanePorterknewclearlythathewasdyingofcancerwhenheonedaycamehomewitharusty(生锈的)1969JeepsterCommando.Heplannedto____21____it.Anditwasintendedtobea(n)____22____activitythathecouldworkonwithhiswifeandtheirtwosonsfortherestofhistime.Thefamily____23____theprojectandfixedthevehicleuntilShanePorterdiedafterthreeyears.Thefamilycouldn’tfinishtheproject,buttheycouldn’timagine____24____thecareither.Ithasemotionalvalue.Sothecarsatthere—untillastMay,whenBobMauger,aclosefamilyfriend,noticeditandsawa(n)____25____.“Thiswouldbeagoodprojectformystudentstocomplete,”Maugerthought,anautomotivetechnologyteacher.Hesharedthe____26____withhisclass,andthestudentswere____27____onboard.Therestoration(整修)ofthevehiclewastheclass’mostsignificantproject____28____themeaningbehindit.Italsoprovedmore____29____thanthestudentshadexpectedwithenginepartsmissingandcoolingsystemissues.Ittook15monthsto_____30_____alltheproblems.Manystudentsspenttheirfreetimeontheprojectandsomeevencontinued_____31_____theprojectaftertheygraduated.Eventually,thecar_____32_____.Itbecamedrivableandsafe.Thestudents_____33_____therevivedJeepstertothefamily,causingtearsofgratitude(感激)andemotion.“Iknowthey’llhavethatcarforalongtime.Itfeels_____34_____.”JudahCastillo,astudent,said.ForthePorters,therevivedcarismorethanjustavehicle;itisthe_____35_____ofShanePorter’slifeandthestudents’devotion.21.A.repaint B.repair C.replace D.return22.A.bonding B.training C.uplifting D.wide-ranging23.A.expanded B.monitored C.postponed D.conducted24.A.gettingholdof B.gettingridof C.gettingreadyfor D.gettingusedto25.A.transformation B.opportunity C.challenge D.responsibility26.A.discovery B.adventure C.kindness D.idea27.A.unwillingly B.thankfully C.enthusiastically D.obviously28.A.insteadof B.inspiteof C.becauseof D.incaseof29.A.complicated B.changeable C.technical D.practical30.A.record B.schedule C.address D.question31.A.contributingto B.respondingto C.applyingto D.adaptingto32.A.approached B.crashed C.stopped D.functioned33.A.explained B.promised C.presented D.lent34.A.surprising B.rewarding C.amusing D.confusing35.A.highlight B.power C.beginning D.symbol〖答案〗21.B22.A23.D24.B25.B26.D27.C28.C29.A30.C31.A32.D33.C34.B35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了一群学机械的学生帮助过世的肖恩·波特修理他的汽车，实现他夙愿的故事。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他打算修理它。A.repaint重画；B.repair修理；C.replace取代；D.return返回。根据下文“fixedthevehicle”可知，他打算修理汽车。故选B项。【22题详析】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一项增进人与人之间的关系的活动，他可以在余下的时间里与妻子和两个儿子一起工作。A.bonding人与人之间的关系；B.training训练；C.uplifting令人振奋的；D.wide-ranging广泛的。根据下文“hecouldworkonwithhiswifeandtheirtwosonsfortherestofhistime.”可知，这是一项增进人与人之间的关系的活动。故选A项【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这家人一直在实施这个计划，维修这辆车，直到三年后肖恩·波特去世。A.expanded扩张；B.monitored监测；C.postponed延期；D.conducted实施。根据下文“theprojectandfixedthevehicle”可知，这家人一直在实施这个计划。故选D项。【24题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这个家庭无法完成这个项目，但他们也无法想象把车丢掉。A.gettingholdof获得（某物）；B.gettingridof消除，处理，丢掉；C.gettingreadyfor准备好；D.gettingusedto习惯于。根据上文“Thefamilycouldn’tfinishtheproject”和下文“Sothecarsatthere”可知，家人无法完成计划，也无法把破旧的车丢掉。所以车一直就搁置在那里。故选B项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：于是，这辆车就一直停在那里，直到去年5月，一位密友鲍勃·莫格注意到了它，看到了一个机会，“这将是我的学生们完成的一个好项目，”身为汽车技术教师的莫格想。A.transformation改观；B.opportunity机会；C.challenge挑战；D.responsibility责任。根据下文“Thiswouldbeagoodprojectformystudentstocomplete”可知，这是一个完美让学生发挥余热的机会。故选B项。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把这个想法告诉了全班同学，同学们都很热情地接受了他的想法。A.discovery发现；B.adventure冒险；C.kindness善意；D.idea观点。根据上文“‘Thiswouldbeagoodprojectformystudentstocomplete,’Maugerthought”可知，他把这个想法和学生们分享了。故选D项。【27题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他把这个想法告诉了全班同学，同学们都很热情地加入了。A.unwillingly不愿意地；B.thankfully感谢地；C.enthusiastically热情地；D.obviously明显地。根据下文“Manystudentsspenttheirfreetimeontheprojectandsomeevencontinued_______theprojectaftertheygraduated.”可知，学生们对此想法很热情。故选C项。【28题详析】考查固定短语词义辨析。句意：由于其背后的意义，这辆车的修复是这个班级最重要的项目。A.insteadof而不是；B.inspiteof尽管；C.becauseof由于；D.incaseof万一。表示因果关系，用短语becauseof。故选C项。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实也证明，由于发动机部件缺失和冷却系统问题，情况比学生们预期的要复杂得多。A.complicated复杂的；B.changeable可改变的；C.technical技术的；D.practical实际的。根据下文“withenginepartsmissingandcoolingsystemissues.”可知，修理破旧的汽车比想象的要复杂。故选A项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们花了15个月的时间来解决所有问题。A.record记录；B.schedule安排；C.address设法解决；D.question询问。根据上文“withenginepartsmissingandcoolingsystemissues.”可知，有问题所以要设法解决。故选C项。【31题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：许多学生把业余时间都花在了这个项目上，有些人甚至在毕业后继续为这个项目做贡献。A.contributingto促成，贡献；B.respondingto回应；C.applyingto应用于；D.adaptingto适应。根据下文“students’devotion”可知，有些人甚至在毕业后继续为这个项目做贡献。故选A项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终，汽车启动了。A.approached接近；B.crashed撞车；C.stopped停止；D.functioned工作，运转。根据下文“Itbecamedrivableandsafe.”可知，最终，汽车启动了。故选D项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们把这辆修复的吉普斯特送给了这家人，使他们感动得流下了感激和感动的眼泪。A.explained解释；B.promised承诺；C.presented呈现；D.lent借。根据下文“causingtearsofgratitude(感激)andemotion.”可知，汽车修理完毕，所以归还给了这家人。故选C项。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这感觉很有意义。A.surprising令人惊讶的；B.rewarding值得的，有意义的；C.amusing有趣的；D.confusing令人困惑的。根据上文“Iknowthey’llhavethatcarforalongtime.”可知，那家人会珍藏那辆车，故学生感觉自己的付出很有意义。故选B项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对波特夫妇来说，修复的汽车不仅仅是一辆车；它是肖恩·波特一生和学生奉献精神的象征。A.highlight最好（或最精彩、最激动人心）的部分；B.power力量；C.beginning开始；D.symbol象征。破旧的汽车凝聚了肖恩·波特的愿望和学生们的努力，所以这是一种象征。故选D项。第二节语法填空(共18小题，每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面两个透段，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thespace-timepainterwrittenbyChinesewriterHaiYa,wontheHugoAwardforBestNoveletteatthe81stWorldScienceFictionConvention,heldinChengdu.HaibecamethethirdChinesewriter____36____(win)theaward,followingsci-fiwritersLiuCixinandHaoJingfang.Thespace-timepainter____37____(publish)in2022.Haidrew____38____(inspire)fromthelifeexperienceofWangXimengduringtheNorthernSongperiod(960-1127),whowasa____39____(talent)Chinesepainterandcreatedthe12-meter-longlandscapepainting“OneThousandLiofRiversandMountains.”Ittellsastoryaboutthepoliticalpowerstruggleofthetime____40____(combine)withdiverseelementssuchasChinesetraditionalculture,historyandsciencefiction.Inthisstory,Haididhisbesttobalancetherelationshipbetweenstory,charactersandhistory,____41____(hope)tobringreadersamaturework.Hai,also