安徽省芜湖市2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1安徽省芜湖市2023-2024学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howwastheweatherwhenthemanwasonholidaythisyear?A.Windy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.2.Whatdoesthewomandowhenshegetsacold?A.Shegoestothedoctor’s.B.Shetakessomemedicine.C.Shedrinksteawithlemon.3.Whatisthewomandoingnow?A.Helpingastranger.B.Askingfordirections.C.Lookingforapoliceman.4.Whencanthewomanreturnhome?A.At10:15.B.At10:30.C.At10:45.5.Howwillthespeakerstravel?A.Byplane.B.Bytrain.C.Bycar.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhoisMike?A.Theman’sclassmate.B.Theman’steacher.C.Theman’sbrother.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman’slastsuggestion?A.Stupid.B.Useless.C.Helpful.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题8.HowdoesMaggielooktoEric?A.Anxious.B.Excited.C.Confused.9.WhydoesEricmentionhisperformanceinaplay?A.Toshowhispride.B.Toexpresshisregret.C.TocomfortMaggie.10.WhatdoesEricoffertodoforMaggie?A.Rewriteherlines.B.Teachhertoplaybaseball.C.Helpherwiththepractice.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Atravelcompany.B.Aguidedtour.C.Awebsite.12.Whatdidthewomandoonline?A.Shesearchedforarestaurant.B.Sheorderedsomewine.C.Sheboughttwotickets.13.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Eatout.B.Meetanexpert.C.Dosomesightseeing.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题14.Whydoesthemanseldomdoexercise?A.Helacksmotivation.B.Hehasaheartproblem.C.Heworksallthetime.15.Whydoesthewomanspeakofastudy?A.Toencouragetheman.B.Torecommendanexercise.C.Tosupportherfindings.16.Howmuchtimewillthemanprobablyspendexercisingweekly?A.150minutes.B.75minutes.C.15minutes.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whodoesthespeakerprobablytalkto?A.Students.B.Teachers.C.Parents.18.Whatkindofbagsdoesthespeakersuggestusing?A.Paperbags.B.Plasticbags.C.Reusablebags.19.What’sthespeaker’ssecondsuggestion?A.Unpluggingthedevices.B.Usingenergy-savingdevices.C.Standingbesidethedevices.20.Whydoesthespeakermakethespeech?A.Tocallforpeopletotakeaction.B.Tocorrectsomewrongideas.C.Todiscussdifferenthabitsinlife.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATherearethousandsofsciencebooksonahugevarietyoftopics.Whichonesshouldyouchoose?Luckilyforyou,wehavemadealistofthebestsciencebooksthatyoushouldnotmiss.AShortHistoryofNearlyEverythingWrittenbyBillBryson,itisapopularsciencebookthatexplainssomeareasofscience.ItwaspublishedonFebruary4,2003,andwasoneofthebest-sellingpopularsciencebooksof2005intheUK.Itexplainsavarietyofscientifictopicsinavividandcomprehensiveway,whichmakesitaccessibleforpeoplewithnoscienceknowledge.Butit’squitelong.ThingExplainer:ComplicatedStuffinSimpleWordsItisa2015non-fictionbookcreatedbyRandallMunroe,inwhichtheauthorexplainsvariouscomplexsubjectsusingcommonEnglishwords.Itcoversawiderangeoftopicsandexplainscomplexideasusingillustrations,soit’sentertainingandeasilyunderstood.However,thewordsandphrasesusedtodescribethesubjectsaretootechnicaltounderstand.AskanAstronaut:MyGuidetoLifeinSpacePublishedonOctober19,2017,thebookisTimPeake’spersonalguidetolifeinspace,basedonhisownexperience.Q&Aformatmakesiteasytoquicklyfindanswersandimagesareusedtoillustratesomeofthemorecomplexideas,makingitsuitableforbothchildrenandadults.ThedisadvantageisthattheQ&Aformatcanbecomeboringsometimes.BriefAnswerstotheBigQuestionsWrittenbyStephenHawking,the2018bookexaminessomeoftheuniverse’sgreatestmysteriesandpromotestheviewthatscienceisveryimportantinhelpingsolveproblems.ItprovidesagreatintroductiontoStephenHawking’sthoughts.Sincecomplexideasarecommunicatedinasimpleandunderstandablelanguage,yourpreviousphysicsknowledgeisnotrequired.Formoreadvancedreaders,it’stoobasic.1.Whichistheoldestofthefollowingbooks?A.AShortHistoryofNearlyEverything.B.ThingExplainer:ComplicatedStuffinSimpleWords.C.AskanAstronaut:MyGuidetoLifeinSpace.D.BriefAnswerstotheBigQuestions.2.Whatisthechallengeofreadingthesecondbook?A.Varioustopics. B.Technicalterms.C.Complicatedsubjects. D.Scientificillustrations.3.Whatdothelasttwobookshaveincommon?A.Theystressthepracticaluseofscience.B.TheyuseQ&Aformatstoexplainideas.C.Theyrequirepreviousscienceknowledge.D.Theyseemtoappealtothegeneralpublic.——★参考答案★——1.A2.B3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一份不容错过的最佳科学书籍清单。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章AShortHistoryofNearlyEverything部分中的“ItwaspublishedonFebruary4,2003,andwasoneofthebest-sellingpopularsciencebooksof2005intheUK.(它于2003年2月4日出版，是2005年英国最畅销的科普书籍之一。)”、文章ThingExplainer:ComplicatedStuffinSimpleWords.部分中的“Itisa2015non-fictionbookcreatedbyRandallMunroe,inwhichtheauthorexplainsvariouscomplexsubjectsusingcommonEnglishwords.(这是兰德尔·门罗在2015年创作的一本非小说类书籍，作者用常见的英语单词解释了各种复杂的主题。)”、文章AskanAstronaut:MyGuidetoLifeinSpace.部分中的“PublishedonOctober19,2017,thebookisTimPeake’spersonalguidetolifeinspace,basedonhisownexperience.(这本书于2017年10月19日出版，是蒂姆·皮克根据自己的经历撰写的太空生活个人指南。)”以及文章BriefAnswerstotheBigQuestions.部分中的“WrittenbyStephenHawking,the2018bookexaminessomeoftheuniverse’sgreatestmysteriesandpromotestheviewthatscienceisveryimportantinhelpingsolveproblems.(这本2018年出版的书由斯蒂芬·霍金撰写，探讨了宇宙中一些最大的谜团，并推广了科学在帮助解决问题方面非常重要的观点。)”可知，AShortHistoryofNearlyEverything出版于2003年，是四本书中最早出版的书籍。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章ThingExplainer:ComplicatedStuffinSimpleWords.部分中的“However,thewordsandphrasesusedtodescribethesubjectsaretootechnicaltounderstand.(然而，用于描述主题的单词和短语过于专业，难以理解。)”可知，这本书中用于描述主题的单词和短语过于专业，难以理解。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据文章AskanAstronaut:MyGuidetoLifeinSpace.部分中的“Q&Aformatmakesiteasytoquicklyfindanswersandimagesareusedtoillustratesomeofthemorecomplexideas,makingitsuitableforbothchildrenandadults.(问答的形式可以很容易地快速找到〖答案〗，并使用图像来说明一些更复杂的想法，使其适合儿童和成人。)”以及文章BriefAnswerstotheBigQuestions.部分中的“Sincecomplexideasarecommunicatedinasimpleandunderstandablelanguage,yourpreviousphysicsknowledgeisnotrequired.Formoreadvancedreaders,it’stoobasic.(因为复杂的思想是用简单易懂的语言传达的，所以不需要你以前的物理知识。对于更高级的读者来说，它太基础了。)”可知，这两本书都具有吸引普通公众的特质。故选D。BAroundtheworld,traditionalcraftsarefallingvictimtotechnologyandglobalization.InHongKong,MiruWongKa-lamisdoingherbittokeeptheartofYueembroidery(粤绣)alive.Wong’shand-embroideredshoeshop,Sindart,isoneofafewinthecitytohavesurvivedtheindustry.Toshareherskills,thethird-generationownerofthe65-year-oldsmallbusinessholdsweeklyworkshopsforthoseeagertolearnthedyingartofembroidery.WhenfamilymembersgatherfordinnerduringtheMid-AutumnFestival,theyexchangegifts.Handmadeslippers(拖鞋)usedtobeapopularitemtogivetoelderlymembersofthefamily.Unfortunately,thepracticeisnowlesscommon.“Whenmygrandparentsstartedtheshopinthe1950s,therewerealotmoreordersforhandmadeslippers.Now,itseemsthatpeoplearemorefocusedonbuyingmooncakes,”Wongsays.Cheaper,machine-embroideredslippersareanotherthreat(威胁)tothetraditionalcraft’ssurvival.Wong,however,believesthathandmadeslippershavebetterqualitycomparedwithmachine-madeones.“Machine-madeslippersfeeldifferentfromhandmadeones,”shesays.“Thematerialistoosoft,makingtheslippersuncomfortable.”Oneelement(元素)thatmakesSindart’sslippersuniqueisthewiderangeofdesigns.“Mylategrandfather,whofoundedSindartin1958inatinyshop,createdhisownembroiderydesignsinthe1950s,”Wongsays.WonghasmadeuphermindtogivenewlifetotheartofYueembroiderybyaddingmodernelementsandmakingfootwearthatissuitableforeverydayuse.“Thisincludesapplyinghandembroiderytonotonlyslippers,whichisthetradition,butalsotoothertypesofshoes.NowI’mstudyingshoemakingtechniquesinashoefactorysothatIcanachievethis,”shesays.4.WhatisWong’spurposeinholdingweeklyworkshops?A.Toenlargeherbusiness.B.Topracticeherembroideryskills.C.Topromotetheartofembroidery.D.Toincreaseherinfluenceintheindustry.5.WhyhavehandmadeslippersbecomelesspopularduringtheMid-AutumnFestival?A.Peoplethinkthey’reoutofdate.B.Oldpeopledonotwanttowearthem.C.They’renotasgoodastheyusedtobe.D.Peopleprefertobuymooncakesinstead.6.Whyaremachine-madeslippersconsideredathreattohandmadeslippers?A.Theyareofhigherquality. B.Theyaremorecomfortable.C.Theyaremoreaffordable. D.Theyaremadeofsoftermaterial.7.WhatwillWongdointhefuture?A.Openmoreshoefactories. B.Expandherproductrange.C.Applyhandembroiderytoclothes. D.Buildpartnershipswithlocalshoefactories.——★参考答案★——4.C5.D6.C7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在香港，传统手工艺正受到技术和全球化的冲击，但MiruWongKa-lam正在努力保持粤绣艺术的活力。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Toshareherskills,thethird-generationownerofthe65-year-oldsmallbusinessholdsweeklyworkshopsforthoseeagertolearnthedyingartofembroidery.(为了分享她的技艺，这家已有65年历史的小企业的第三代老板每周都会为那些渴望学习刺绣这门濒临灭绝的艺术的人举办讲习班)”可知，Wong每周举办工作坊的目的是为了推广刺绣艺术。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段““Whenmygrandparentsstartedtheshopinthe1950s,therewerealotmoreordersforhandmadeslippers.Now,itseemsthatpeoplearemorefocusedonbuyingmooncakes,”Wongsays.(Wong说：“我祖父母在20世纪50年代开这家店的时候，手工拖鞋的订单要多得多。现在，人们似乎更关注买月饼。”)”可知，手工拖鞋在中秋节变得不那么受欢迎是因为现在人们更喜欢买月饼作为礼物。故选D。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Cheaper,machine-embroideredslippersareanotherthreat(威胁)tothetraditionalcraft’ssurvival.(更便宜的机绣拖鞋是对传统工艺生存的另一个威胁)”可知，机器制造的拖鞋被认为是手工拖鞋的威胁，因为它们更便宜。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“WonghasmadeuphermindtogivenewlifetotheartofYueembroiderybyaddingmodernelementsandmakingfootwearthatissuitableforeverydayuse.(Wong决心给粤绣艺术注入新的生命，加入现代元素，制作适合日常使用的鞋子)”可知，Wong决定在粤绣艺术中加入现代元素，制作适合日常使用的鞋子，由此可知，未来她会扩大她的产品范围。故选B。CHaveyoueverimaginedatennislessonfromoneoftheworld’sgreatesttennisplayersatyourlocalcourt?Thisdreamcametruefortwoyoungplayers,whogottotrainwith20-year-oldsuperstarEmmaRaducanuaftersheappearedasahologram(全息图)—aphotographicrecordingoftheimage.WhileSamClague,14,andT’naeDiamondPaisley,12,werebothinLondon,theBritishnumberonewasinAbuDhabi.Duringtheworld’sfirstholographiclesson,MsRaducanu’savatar(头像)appearedtofeedballstotheplayersandgavelivefeedbackontheirshots,like“thatwasfast”and“therewaslotsoftopspin(上旋)onthat”.EvenSamsaidhethoughtshehadbeenpre-recordedatfirstuntilshespokewithhimdirectly.Theirholographictrainingsessionoffersaglimpseintohowadvancingtechnologycouldrevolutionizetenniscoaching,accordingtoDrIanPearson.DrPearsonthinksthatmixedrealityheadsetswillsoonallowtennisplayerstofeeltheyareplayinginunusualvirtualenvironments,likeonaspacestationorthemiddleofalake.Through5G,thefutureoftenniswillseeincreasedinteractionbetweenreallifetenniscourtsandtherichimaginationweseeincomputergames—playingwhenever,whereverandwhoeveryouwant.Fullsensory(全感官)virtualrealitycouldevenplacetheviewerinsidethetennisplayer’sshoesinrealtime.DrPearsonsaid,“By2030,withactiveskintechnology,theplayingstylesandeventhesensationsoftop-levelplayerscouldbecaptured,sothatanyonecouldexperiencehowitactuallyfelttoplaythatgamethroughfullsensoryvirtualreality.”Finally,sportswearmadefromsmartmaterialscouldallowforadigitalcoachpoweredbyartificialintelligence(AI)toprovidefeedbackonaplayer’sform.DrPearsonsaid,“AI-controlledsuitsmadefromsmartmaterials,suchasfabricswithsensors,canhelpplayersfindtheperfectstrokewhenhittingorreturningaservebyquicklylearningthemusclememoryofaflawlessforehand.UsingdirectfeedbackfromfriendlyvirtualAIcoaches,newplayerscandevelopandlearnmuchmorequickly.”8.WhatdidMsRaducanudointhefirstholographiclesson?A.Giveplayersarealtimeguidance.B.Requireplayerstofollowhershots.C.Recordcoachingcontentsinadvance.D.Analyzetechniquesaftertheholographiclesson.9.Whatcanfullsensoryvirtualrealitymakeviewersdo?A.Increasetheirimaginationofsports.B.Taketheplaceoftoplevelplayers.C.Experiencethefeelingofplayersonthespot.D.Haveasenseofplayinginanunusualplace.10.What’sDrPearson’sattitudetowardsvirtualAIcoaches?A.Critical. B.Skeptical. C.Favorable. D.Cautious.11.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Thefutureoftenniscoaching. B.ThethreatfromAItocoaches.C.Thefirstlivecoachingonline. D.Theappearanceofdigitaltennispartners.——★参考答案★——8.A9.C10.C11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍全息训练课程让人们得以一窥先进的技术如何给网球教练带来革命性的变化。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Duringtheworld’sfirstholographiclesson,MsRaducanu’savatar(头像)appearedtofeedballstotheplayersandgavelivefeedbackontheirshots,like‘thatwasfast’and‘therewaslotsoftopspin(上旋)onthat’.(在世界上第一堂全息课程中，Raducanu的虚拟形象似乎会给球员传球，并对他们的击球给出实时反馈，比如‘这个球很快’和‘这上面有很多上旋’。)”可知，Raducanu在第一节全息课上给球员一个实时的指导。故选A项。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第六段中“DrPearsonsaid,‘By2030,withactiveskintechnology,theplayingstylesandeventhesensationsoftop-levelplayerscouldbecaptured,sothatanyonecouldexperiencehowitactuallyfelttoplaythatgamethroughfullsensoryvirtualreality.’(Pearson博士说：‘到2030年，有了活性皮肤技术，顶级玩家的游戏风格甚至感觉都可以被捕捉到，这样任何人都可以通过全感官虚拟现实体验玩游戏的真实感受。’)”可知，全感官虚拟现实能让观众现场体验球员的感受。故选C项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“DrPearsonsaid,‘AI-controlledsuitsmadefromsmartmaterials,suchasfabricswithsensors,canhelpplayersfindtheperfectstrokewhenhittingorreturningaservebyquicklylearningthemusclememoryofaflawlessforehand.UsingdirectfeedbackfromfriendlyvirtualAIcoaches,newplayerscandevelopandlearnmuchmorequickly.’(Pearson博士说：‘由智能材料制成的人工智能控制套装，如带传感器的织物，可以通过快速学习完美正手的肌肉记忆，帮助玩家在击球或回发球时找到完美的击球方式。通过友好的虚拟人工智能教练的直接反馈，新玩家可以更快地发展和学习。’)”可知，Pearson博士认为虚拟人工智能教练能使新球员更快地成长和学习，所以他的态度是赞成的。故选C项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第四段中“Theirholographictrainingsessionoffersaglimpseintohowadvancingtechnologycouldrevolutionizetenniscoaching,accordingtoDrIanPearson.(IanPearson博士说，他们的全息训练课程让人们得以一窥先进的技术如何给网球教练带来革命性的变化。)”可知，文章讲述了未来先进的技术如何给网球训练带来革命性的变化，所以A项Thefutureoftenniscoaching.(网球教练的未来。)是本文的最佳标题。故选A项。D“WHATISCIVILISATION?”askedKennethClark50yearsagointheseminal(开创性的)BBCseriesonthesubject.“Idon’tknow,andIcan’tdefineitinabstractterms,yet.ButIthinkIcanrecognizeitwhenIseeit,andI’mlookingatitnow.”Andheturnedtogesturebehindhim,atthesoaringGothictowersandflyingbuttressesofNotreDame(巴黎圣母院).Itseemsinhumantocaremoreaboutabuildingthanaboutpeople.ThatthesightofNotreDamegoingupinflameshasattractedsomuchmoreattentionthanfloodsinsouthernAfricawhichkilledover1,000arousesunderstandablefeelingsofguilt.Yetthewidespread,intensegriefatthesightofthecathedral’s(大教堂)collapsingsteeple(尖塔)isinfactprofoundlyhuman—andinaparticularly21st-centuryway.Familiaritybreedsaffection.Abuildingonwhosesunnystepsyouhaverested,infrontofwhichyouhavetakenaselfiewithyourlovedone,becomesawarmpartofyourmemoriesandthusofyourself.ThathelpsexplainwhyChinaisinmourning—WeChat,youngChina’sprincipal(主要的)meansoftalkingtoitself,hasbeenfollowingthestory.Anditwillberebuilt.Theefforttorebuilditwillbringpeopletogether.Within24hours,€600m($677m)hadbeenraisedfrombusinessesandrichpeople,andarashofcrowdfundingcampaignsstarted.Yettheemotionsthesightarousedwerelessaboutthebuildingitselfthanaboutwhatlosingitmightmean.NotreDameisanexpressionofhumanityatitscollectivebest.Itssurvivalthrough850yearsofpoliticalturbulence—throughwar,revolutionandNazioccupation—bindsthepresenttothepast.Itwillneverbethesame,butthatisasitshouldbe.AsVictorHugowrotein“TheHunchbackofNotreDame”,athree-volumelove-lettertothecathedral:“Greatedifices(建筑物),likegreatmountains,aretheworkofcenturies.Artisoftentransformedasitisbeingmade…Timeisthearchitect,thenationisthebuilder.”12.WhatcanweinferaccordingtoParagraph1?A.KennethClarkisastaff(职员)inBBC.B.KennethClarkbelievesthatNotreDameisasymbolofcivilization.C.CivilizationissoabstractthatKennethClarkcan’trecogniseit.D.NotreDameisthesubjectoftheBBCseries.13.WhyhasthesightofNotreDamegoingupinflamesattractedsomuchattentionaccordingtothepassage?A.BecausethesunnystepsinNotreDameforpeopletorestonisimpressive.B.BecauseNotreDamehasboostedthelocaleconomy.C.Becausenumerablepeoplearoundtheworldhasbeenthereandleftgoodmemories.D.BecausesocialmedialikeWeChatinChinahelpmorepeopleknowit.14.WhichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedwordinParagraph4?A.current. B.parties. C.power. D.disorder.15.What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Theessence(精髓)ofNotreDamewillbelostifwerebuildit.B.ItisdifficulttorebuildNotreDame.C.Ifitwerenotforthefire,NotreDamewouldalwaysstaythesame.D.NotreDamewillchangeastimegoesbyevenwithoutthefire.——★参考答案★——12.B13.C14.D15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了巴黎圣母院的烧毁以及回顾该建筑赋予人类的意义。对于巴黎圣母院的烧毁，人们普遍而强烈的悲痛是发自内心的，由此进一步论述了人们关心巴黎圣母院的原因。【12题详析】推理判断题。由文章第一段“‘WHATISCIVILISATION?’askedKennethClark50yearsagointheseminal(开创性的)BBCseriesonthesubject.‘Idon’tknow,andIcan’tdefineitinabstractterms,yet.ButIthinkIcanrecognizeitwhenIseeit,andI’mlookingatitnow.’Andheturnedtogesturebehindhim,atthesoaringGothictowersandflyingbuttressesofNotreDame(巴黎圣母院).(50年前，KennethClark在英国广播公司关于这个主题的开创性系列节目中问道：‘什么是文明？我不知道，我还不能用抽象的术语来定义它。但我想当我看到它的时候我能认出它，我现在正在看它。’然后他转过身来，对着身后高耸的哥特式塔楼和圣母院的飞扶壁做手势。)”可知，KennethClark认为圣母院是文明的象征。故选B项。【13题详析】细节理解题。由文章第二段“Familiaritybreedsaffection.Abuildingonwhosesunnystepsyouhaverested,infrontofwhichyouhavetakenaselfiewithyourlovedone,becomesawarmpartofyourmemoriesandthusofyourself.(熟悉会滋生感情。一座你在阳光明媚的台阶上休息，在它前面与你所爱的人自拍的建筑，会成为你记忆中温暖的一部分，也会成为你自己的一部分。)”可知，因为全世界无数的人都去过那里，留下了美好的回忆，所以圣母院着火的景象引起了人们的极大关注。故选C项。【14题详析】词句猜测题。由第四段“Yettheemotionsthesightarousedwerelessaboutthebuildingitselfthanaboutwhatlosingitmightmean.NotreDameisanexpressionofhumanityatitscollectivebest.Itssurvivalthrough850yearsofpoliticalturbulence—throughwar,revolutionandNazioccupation—bindsthepresenttothepast.(然而，这一景象激起的情绪与其说是关于这座建筑本身，不如说是关于失去它可能意味着什么。圣母院体现了人类最美好的集体。它在850年的政治……中幸存下来——通过战争、革命和纳粹占领——将现在与过去联系在一起。)”中throughwar,revolutionandNazioccupation可知，这些是属于政治“动荡或者紊乱”，所以猜测turbulence表“动荡，紊乱”的意思。故选D项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。由文章最后一段“Itwillneverbethesame,butthatisasitshouldbe.AsVictorHugowrotein‘TheHunchbackofNotreDame’,athree-volumelove-lettertothecathedral:‘Greatedifices(建筑物),likegreatmountains,aretheworkofcenturies.Artisoftentransformedasitisbeingmade…Timeisthearchitect,thenationisthebuilder.’(它将永远不会一样，但这是应该的。正如维克多·雨果在写给大教堂的三卷本情书《巴黎圣母院》中所写：“伟大的建筑，就像伟大的山脉，是几个世纪的杰作。艺术往往在制作过程中发生变化……时间是建筑师，国家是建设者。”)”特别是第一句话可知，最后一段主要讲即使没有大火，圣母院也会随着时间的推移而改变。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtostartupalibraryofthingsRatherthancluttering(乱推放)ourhouses,startingupalibraryofthingsallowspeopletoborrowandsharehuge,priceygoodsintheneighbourhood.____16____Butinsteadofborrowingbooks,localpeopleareborrowingdrills,pastamakersandguitarsforanaffordablefee.Here’showtostartyourown:Talktoyourneighbours____17____Dotheyfeeltheirhomeistoocluttered?Dotheywanttodotheirbitfortheenvironmentandspendlessmoney?Linkintolocalnetworksandaskpeopletovoteona“wishlist”ofitemstheycouldborrow.FindaspaceStartsmallinsomeone’sgarageorlocalmarkettoseewhatitemsaremostpopular.Thenfindspaceinbuildingsinurbanareaswithhighfootfall(客流量)suchaslibrariesorcommunityhubs.____18____Whystartalibraryofthings?Wewerelivinginasmallhouseandneededsometoolstoputupshelves.Wedidn’twanttoownthetoolsandhiringthemwasexpensive!____19____InspiredbytoollibrariesintheUSandlendinglibrariesinBerlin,westartedasmalllibraryofthingslocallyandsevenyearslaterwe’rerunningfivelibraryofthingslocationsacrossLondon.Whatotherimpactonthelocalarea?We’verunverysuccessfuleventsledbyborrowerssuchasmendingmeetups,sewingclasses,DIYclasses.____20____Borrowershavepreviouslytestedoutnewfoodbusinessesatthemarketbyusingouritems.Andforevery£10someonespendsonborrowing,£8stayslocally,creatinglocaljobsandsupportingthelocalcommunityspaces.A.Findoutiflocalpeopleneedasharinglibrary.B.Thelibraryofthingshasavarietyofeffectslocally.C.You’llneedsomemoneytosetupyoursharinglibrary.D.What’smore,wewerealsodiscomfortedbythewastewemade.E.Butinsuburbanandruralareas,amobilesharinglibrarymightbebetter.F.Speaktootherswhohavedoneitandarewillingtosharetheirknowledge.G.Affordable,convenientandenvironmental-friendlysharinglibrariesarepoppingup.——★参考答案★——16.G17.A18.E19.D20.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了开设一家共享物品馆的步骤和它对社会经济产生的积极作用。【16题详析】上文“Ratherthanclutteringourhouses,startingupalibraryofthingsallowspeopletoborrowandsharehuge,priceygoodsintheneighbourhood.(与其让我们的房子变得杂乱无章，不如建立一个物品馆，让人们能够在邻里之间借用和分享大型、昂贵的物品)”引入共享物品馆的概念，下文“Butinsteadofborrowingbooks,localpeopleareborrowingdrills,pastamakersandguitarsforanaffordablefee.(但当地人不是在借书，而是在借用电钻、意大利面制作机和吉他，费用合理)”与空处构成转折关系，表明人们没有去借书而是租借了其他的物品，G项“经济实惠、便捷且环保的共享物品馆正在兴起。”承上启下，自然过渡到共享物品馆的介绍，符合语境。故选G项。【17题详析】上文“Talktoyourneighbours(与你的邻居交谈)”指出要和邻里交流，下文“Dotheyfeeltheirhomeistoocluttered?Dotheywanttodotheirbitfortheenvironmentandspendlessmoney?Linkintolocalnetworksandaskpeopletovoteona“wishlist”ofitemstheycouldborrow.(他们是否觉得家里太杂乱？他们是否愿意为环境尽一份力并减少开支？与当地网络联系起来，让人们对一个他们可以借用的物品“愿望清单”进行投票)”列举了可能的对话内容，A项“找出当地居民是否需要一个共享物品馆。”指出与邻居交谈的目的，localpeople与下文的they相呼应，符合语境。故选A项。【18题详析】上文“Startsmallinsomeone’sgarageorlocalmarkettoseewhatitemsaremostpopular.Thenfindspaceinbuildingsinurbanareaswithhighfootfallsuchaslibrariesorcommunityhubs.(可以从某人的车库或当地市场开始，小规模尝试，看看哪些物品最受欢迎。然后在城市地区人流量大的建筑如图书馆或社区中心找到空间)”指导如何在城市地区寻找场地，E项“但在郊区和农村地区，移动共享图书馆可能更合适。”与上文形成对比，指出在郊区和农村地区的不同策略，符合语境。故选E项。【19题详析】上文“Wewerelivinginasmallhouseandneededsometoolstoputupshelves.Wedidn’twanttoownthetoolsandhiringthemwasexpensive!(我们当时住在一所小房子里，需要一些工具来搭架子。我们不想拥有这些工具，而且租赁它们很贵！)”描述了创立共享物品馆的动机，D项“更重要的是，我们也被自己产生的浪费困扰。”对创立背景进一步描述，同时也是对小标题“Whystartalibraryofthings?(为什么建立物品馆)”原因的举例说明，符合语境。故选D项。【20题详析】上文“We’verunverysuccessfuleventsledbyborrowerssuchasmendingmeetups,sewingclasses,DIYclasses.(我们成功举办了由借阅者主导的各类活动，如修理聚会、缝纫课、DIY课)”描述了共享物品馆产生的积极影响，下文“Borrowershavepreviouslytestedoutnewfoodbusinessesatthemarketbyusingouritems.Andforevery£10someonespendsonborrowing,£8stayslocally,creatinglocaljobsandsupportingthelocalcommunityspaces.(借用者之前通过使用我们的物品在市场上测试新的食品业务。每借出10英镑，就有8英镑留在当地，创造当地就业机会并支持当地社区空间)”列举了共享物品馆给当地带来的好处，B项“共享物品馆在当地产生了各种影响。”强调了共享物品馆的多方面积极效应，是对下文的概括，符合语境。故选B项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IusedtogetanxiousbeforeFather’sDaybecauseIdidn’tknowwhattobuyasagift.I’d____21____countlessstoresforsomethingthatmydadwouldlike.ButneverhadIsuccessfullyboughtasatisfactoryone.ThatwasyearsagowhenIwasinnocentandthoughteveryholidaywasabout____22____.ThoseyearsitwasusuallymonthsafterFather’sDaythatmydad____23____agiftbecausehealwaystoldmehenever“needs”anything.SoIstoppedgettinghimthingsand,____24____,startedtakinghimouttomovies,torestaurantsortoshows,whichbroughthimmuchlaughter.Weshould____25____spendingtimewithourfathersdoingsomethingtheyreallyshow____26____for.Ifheisfondoffishing,gofishingwithhim.Anythingyoucandotospendtimewithyourfatherisbetterthananythingyoucan____27____inaboxandputabowon,unlessofcourse,youputyourselfinabox,popoutandhandhimticketstoashoworagame.If,however,yourmindisstillsetongettinga(n)____28____giftaswell,thenreplacewhatneedstobe____29____.That’sprobablywhatI’mgoingtodonextyearformyfather.Sorry,Dad,butthisreallywillbethelastsummeryourlawnmowercan____30____.Ifyourdadisanythinglikemine,he’llmanageuntilwhateverneedstobereplacedis____31____broken.AndbythatImeanit’sthere-is-no-possible-way-it-can-be-fixedbroken.Sobuyanewoneforhim.Manypeoplemaynolongerhavea(n)____32____withtheirdad.Soforthosewhoareluckylikeme,it’sa____33____totakeourdadsforgranted.Thetimeswecanlaughsure____34____thetimeswecan’t.Now,dosomethingwithyourdadtomakehimhappy.____35____thematerialisticgifts.Bringonthelaughs.21.A.search B.design C.record D.restore22.A.chances B.gifts C.promises D.hopes23.A.sent B.offered C.received D.shared24.A.moreover B.instead C.therefore D.regardless25.A.referto B.putoff C.focuson D.figureout26.A.passion B.optimism C.respect D.sympathy27.A.wrap B.discover C.imagine D.touch28.A.strange B.flexible C.expensive D.materialistic29.A.repaired B.unfolded C.exchanged D.updated30.A.waste B.work C.quit D.lose31.A.simply B.partly C.completely D.slightly32.A.relationship B.experiment C.exploration D.explanation33.A.duty B.right C.shame D.challenge34.A.takeup B.makeupfor C.catchupwith D.bringback35.A.Prepare B.Observe C.Support D.Forget——★参考答案★——21.A22.B23.C24.B25.C26.A27.A28.D29.D30.B31.C32.A33.C34.B