河南省新未来2022-2023学年高一下学期期末联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省新未来2022-2023学年高一下学期期末联考英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFamousFestivalsintheUSAGuideBonnarooMusic&ArtsFestival(Manchester,Tennessee)Heldeveryyearsince2002inthetinytownofManchesterTN(southofNashville),theamazingAmericanmusicfestivalisheldeveryJuneona700-acre(英亩)farm.Bonnaroofeatures,“Thousandsofhappycampers.HundredsofacresofTennesseenature.150epicperformances,10+stagesofmusic.Fourofthebestdaysever.”BurningMan(BlackRockDesert,Nevada)Foroneweekeachyear,themassivedrylakebedoftheBlackRockDesertinNevadaischangedinto“BlackRockCity”.This“city”isfilledwithcampsandwonderfulartinstallations(装置),whichareconstructedanddeconstructedeveryyearforthemostuniquefestivalintheUS-BurningMan.ChristmasAtBiltmoreEstate(Asheville,NorthCarolina)OneofourfavouriteNorthCarolinaChristmasevents,ChristmasatBiltmoregivesAshevilleNCvisitorsanopportunitytoseethelargestprivatehomeinAmericawhileitshallsaredecoratedwithbeautifulChristmasdecorations.FantasyFest(KeyWestFlorida)ThepartyatmosphereofFantasyFesthasbeencomparedtoMardiGrasinNewOrleansandCarnivalintheCaribbeanIslands.Thereareparades,masqueradeballs(假面舞会),costumecontests,and60+officialparties!Eachyearthereisauniquetheme,suchasSpaceBroadway,HouseofHorror,Circus,Villains,ete.Itissaidthatover75,000peoplecomeouttoexperiencethisadult-themedHalloweenfeast.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoonBonnarooMusic&ArtsFestival?A.Plantonthefarm. B.Campinnature.C.Takeatourinthecity. D.Composemusic.2.WhichfestivaloffersachancetovisitthelargestprivatehomeintheUS?A.BonnarooMusic&ArtsFestival. B.BurningMan.C.ChristmasAtBiltmoreEstate. D.FantasyFest.3.Wherecanyougoifyouwanttoattendafestivalspecializedforadults?A.Tennessee. B.Nevada. C.NorthCarolina. D.Florida.〖答案〗1.B2.C3.D【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了美国4个著名节日的一些信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据BonnarooMusic&ArtsFestival(Manchester,Tennessee)部分中的“Thousandsofhappycampers.(成千上万快乐的露营者)”可知，游客在BonnarooMusic&ArtsFestival可以露营，故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据ChristmasAtBiltmoreEstate(Asheville,NorthCarolina)部分中的“ChristmasatBiltmoregivesAshevilleNCvisitorsanopportunitytoseethelargestprivatehomeinAmericawhileitshallsaredecoratedwithbeautifulChristmasdecorations.(Biltmore的圣诞节让AshevilleNC游客有机会看到美国最大的私人住宅，大厅里装饰着美丽的圣诞装饰)”可知，ChristmasAtBiltmoreEstate这个节日提供参观美国最大的私人住宅的机会，故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据FantasyFest(KeyWestFlorida)部分中的“Itissaidthatover75,000peoplecomeouttoexperiencethisadult-themedHalloweenfeast.(据说超过75000人出来体验这个成人主题的万圣节盛宴)”可知，如果你想参加一个专门为成年人举办的节日，你可以去佛罗里达，故选D。BBornin1975inapoorneighbourhoodinSaoPaulo,EduardoKobrabeganhiscareerat12yearsoldand,sincethen,hasbecomeoneofthemostrecognizedstreetartistsintheworld.Withmorethan5,000murals(壁画)overfivecontinents,hecurrentlyholdstherecordforthelargestmuralintheworld,firstforcreatinghisfamousmuralLasEtnias(TheEthnicities)forthe2016RioOlympics.ThenayearlaterhebeathispreviousrecordwithhismonumentalworkatCacauShowHeadquarters,amasterpiecethattook700hourstocompleteandmorethandoubledhis2016record.Influencedbythepop-artmovementandmodernartists,therealisminhisdesignsmakeshisflat-surfacedextremelycolourfulwallpaintingsappear3-Dandalivewithlife.WithhisprojectGreenpincel(2011),Kobrashowedhisstrongwilltotheenvironmentalcause.Climatechange,waterpollution,deforestation,predatory(掠夺性的)fishing,andmistreatmentofanimalsbecamestrongthemespresentinhiswork.InStarsofPeace,Kobradescribesindividualswhohavegivenhopetotheworldthroughtheirlives,suchasMotherTeresa,MahatmaGandhi,MalalaYousafzai,andAnneFrank.Kobraisinvolvedinsocialcauses,suchasfoodcollectioncampaignsandactivitiesaimedatbringingarttopoorcommunities,especiallychildrenwhohavenoaccesstobasicfacilities.In2021,hestartedtheKobraInstitute,whichaimstobringarttovulnerable(脆弱的)peopleinBrazil.Duringthepandemic(大流行病),heledanactivitytogetherwiththeprivatesectortoraisefundstobuildoxygenplantsforCOVID-19patients.4.WhichofKobra’sworksmadehimsetthesecondworldrecord?A.LasEtnias. B.TheEthnicities.C.StarsofPeace. D.AworkatCacauShowHeadquarters.5.WhatdidKobraconcernmuchaboutinhisprojectGreenpincel?A.Socialcauses. B.Famousindividuals.C.Paintingskills. D.Environmentalprotection.6.WhatdoweknowaboutEduardoKobra?A.Hewasbornintoanartisticfanily.B.Hespecializesinromanticpainting.CHedevotedhimselftohelpingthepoorlearnart.D.Hemadeagreatfortunein2016RioOlympics.7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeKobra?A.Sensitive. B.Admirable. C.Humorous D.Adaptable.〖答案〗4.D5.D6.C7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了街头艺术家EduardoKobra的艺术成就和公益活动。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ThenayearlaterhebeathispreviousrecordwithhismonumentalworkatCacauShowHeadquarters,amasterpiecethattook700hourstocompleteandmorethandoubledhis2016record.(然后一年后，他在CacaoShow总部的不朽作品打破了之前的纪录，这是一部耗时700小时完成的杰作，是他2016年记录的两倍多。)”可知，2017年Kobra在CacaoShow总部画的作品打破了他2016年第一次创造的世界纪录，即创造了第二个世界纪录。故选D。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“WithhisprojectGreenpincel(2011),Kobrashowedhisstrongwilltotheenvironmentalcause.(通过他2011年的项目Greenpincel，Kobra展示了他对环境事业的强烈意愿。)”可知，在Greenpincel项目中，Kobra非常关心环境保护问题。故选D。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Kobraisinvolvedinsocialcauses,suchasfoodcollectioncampaignsandactivitiesaimedatbringingarttopoorcommunities,especiallychildrenwhohavenoaccesstobasicfacilities.(Kobra参与了社会事业，如食品收集运动和旨在将艺术带到贫困社区的活动，特别是将艺术带给无法使用基本设施的儿童的活动。)”可知，EduardoKobra致力于帮助穷人学习艺术。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Bornin1975inapoorneighbourhoodinSaoPaulo,EduardoKobrabeganhiscareerat12yearsoldand,sincethen,hasbecomeoneofthemostrecognizedstreetartistsintheworld.(EduardoKobra于1975年出生于圣保罗的一个贫困社区，12岁时开始了他的职业生涯，从那时起，他成为了世界上最受认可的街头艺术家之一。)”、第三段中的“WithhisprojectGreenpincel(2011),Kobrashowedhisstrongwilltotheenvironmentalcause.(通过他2011年的项目Greenpincel，Kobra展示了他对环境事业的强烈意愿。)”、第四段中的“Kobraisinvolvedinsocialcauses(Kobra参与了社会事业)”并结合全文内容可知，Kobra不仅在艺术很有造诣，还为环保、帮助穷人等社会公益事业贡献颇多，由此可推测出，他是一位令人敬佩的艺术家。故选B。CJazzisakindofmusicinwhichimprovisation(即兴创作)istypicallyanimportantpart.Inmostjazzperformances,playersplaysoloswhichtheymakeuponsite,whichrequiresconsiderableskills.Thereisgreatvarietyinjazzbutmostjazzisveryrhythmic(有节奏的)anduses“blue”notes.Youcanoftenhear“call-and-response”patternsinjazz,inwhichoneinstrument,voice,orpartofthebandanswersanother.Jazzcanexpressmanydifferentemotions,frompaintojoy.Injazz,youmayhearthesoundsoffreedom,forthemusichasbeenapowerfulvoiceforpeoplesufferingunfairtreatmentbecauseofthecolouroftheskin.Jazzmusiciansplaceahighvalueonfindingtheirownsoundandstyleandthatmeansforexample,thattrumpeter(号手)MilesDavissoundsverydifferentfromtrumpeterLouisArmstrong.Jazzmusiciansliketoplaytheirsongsintheirownstyles,andsoyoumightlistentoadozenofdifferentjazzrecordingsofthesamesong,buteachwillsounddifferent.JazzdevelopedintheUnitedStatesintheveryearlypartofthe20thcentury.NewOrleans,nearthemouthoftheMississippiRiver,playedakeyroleinthisdevelopment.Thecity’spopulationwasmoredifferentthananywhereelseintheSouth.PeopleofAfricanFrench,Caribbean,Italian,German,Mexican,andAmericanIndianaswellasEnglishdescent(血统)mixedwithoneanother,African-Americanmusicaltraditionsmixedwithothersandgraduallyjazzemerged(产生)fromamixtureofmarches,blues,andotherkindsofmusic.Atfirstjazzwasmostlyfordancing.Afterthefirstrecordingsofjazzweremadein1917,themusicspreadwidelyanddevelopedrapidly.AtthesametimejazzspreadfromtheUnitedStatestomanypartsoftheworld,andtodayjazzmusiciansandjazzfestivalscanbefoundindozensofnations.JazzisoneoftheUnitedStates’greatestexportstotheworld.8.Whatisatypicalpartofjazz?A.Playerscreatemusiconsite. B.It’sonlyperformedindoors.C.Playerssingindifferentways. D.Itonlyexpressespainfulfeelings.9.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellusaboutjazzmusicians?A.Theirfavouritesongs. B.Theirdifferentstyles.C.Theirhighexpectations. D.Theirwarmsounds.10.Whatleadstothebirthofjazz?A.Theculturalmixture. B.Alocallanguage.C.Traditionalvalue. D.Aperfecttiming.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheDevelopmentofModernMusic B.AReportAboutAfricanAmericanC.ABriefIntroductiontoJazz D.JazzFestivalsintheUs〖答案〗8.A9.B10.A11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了爵士乐的特点、起源和传播。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Jazzisakindofmusicinwhichimprovisation(即兴创作)istypicallyanimportantpart.(爵士乐是一种即兴创作通常是重要组成部分的音乐。)”可知，爵士乐的典型特征是表演者在现场即兴演唱。故选A。【9题详析】主旨大意题。第二段中的“Jazzmusiciansplaceahighvalueonfindingtheirownsoundandstyle(爵士音乐家非常重视找到自己的声音和风格)”点明了本段主旨：不同的爵士音乐家有不同的风格。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“PeopleofAfricanFrench,Caribbean,Italian,German,Mexican,andAmericanIndianaswellasEnglishdescent(血统)mixedwithoneanother,African-Americanmusicaltraditionsmixedwithothersandgraduallyjazzemerged(产生)fromamixtureofmarches,blues,andotherkindsofmusic.(非裔法国人、加勒比人、意大利人、德国人、墨西哥人、美洲印第安人以及英国后裔相互融合，非裔美国人的音乐传统与其他人的音乐传统相互融合，爵士乐逐渐从进行曲、蓝调和其他类型的音乐中产生。)”可知，由于不同人种和音乐文化的相互融合，爵士乐逐渐产生，由此可推测出，多种文化相互交融促成了爵士乐的诞生。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Jazzisakindofmusicinwhichimprovisation(即兴创作)istypicallyanimportantpart.(爵士乐是一种即兴创作通常是重要组成部分的音乐。)”“Thereisgreatvarietyinjazzbutmostjazzisveryrhythmic(有节奏的)anduses‘blue’notes.Youcanoftenhear‘call-and-response’patternsinjazz,inwhichoneinstrument,voice,orpartofthebandanswersanother.(爵士乐种类繁多，但大多数爵士乐都很有节奏感，使用‘蓝色’音符。你经常可以听到爵士乐中的‘应答轮唱’模式，其中一种乐器、声音或乐队的一部分回答另一种。)”和第二段中的“Jazzmusiciansplaceahighvalueonfindingtheirownsoundandstyle(爵士音乐家非常重视找到自己的声音和风格)”可知，第一、二段描述了爵士乐的表演形式、音乐特征和风格多样性。根据第三段中的“JazzdevelopedintheUnitedStatesintheveryearlypartofthe20thcentury.(爵士乐在20世纪早期在美国发展起来。)”可知，第三段讲述了爵士乐的起源、根据最后一段中的“Atfirstjazzwasmostlyfordancing.Afterthefirstrecordingsofjazzweremadein1917,themusicspreadwidelyanddevelopedrapidly.(起初，爵士乐主要是用来跳舞的。1917年第一批爵士乐录音问世后，爵士乐得到了广泛的传播和迅速的发展。)”可知，最后一段讲述了爵士乐的传播和发展。由此可推测出，本文主要围绕爵士乐展开，介绍了爵士乐的特点、起源和传播。所以C项“爵士乐的简要介绍”最适合作本文标题。故选C。DWealwayshearthattextingisadisaster.Theideaisthattextingleadstothefallofakindofseriousliteracy,oratleastwritingability,amongyoungpeopleintheUnitedStatesandnowthewholeworldtoday.Thefactofthematteristhatitjustisn’ttrue.Inordertoseethatactuallytextingisamagicalthing,akindofemergentcomplexity(复杂)thatwe’reseeinghappeningrightnow,wehavetolookatwhatlanguagereallyisinwhichcase,onethingthatweseeisthattextingisnotwritingatall.Basically,ifwethinkaboutlanguage,languagehasexistedforatleast80,000years,anditaroseasspeech.Peopletalked.That’swhatwe’reprobablygeneticallyspecifiedfor.That’showweuselanguagemost.Writingissomethingthatcamealongmuchlater.There’salittlebitofcontroversy(争议)astoexactlywhenthathappened,butaccordingtotraditionalopinions,ifhumanityhadexistedfor24hours,thenwritingonlycamealongatabout11:07p.m.Nowdon’tgetmewrong.Writinghascertainadvantages.Whenyouwrite,becauseit’saconscious(有意识的)process,becauseyoucanlookbackwards,youcandothingswithlanguagethataremuchlesslikelyifyou’rejusttalking.Informalspeechissomethingquitedifferent.Linguists(语言学家)haveactuallyshownthatwhenwe’respeakinginformallyinanunmonitoredway,wetendtospeakinwordpacketsofmaybe7to10words.You’llnoticethisifyoueverhaveoccasiontorecordyourselforagroupofpeopletalking.That’swhatspeechislike.Speechismuchfreer.It’smuchmoretelegraphic.It’smuchlessreflective—verydifferentfromwriting.Sowenaturallytendtothink,becauseweseelanguagewrittensooften,thatthat’swhatlanguageis,butactuallywhatlanguageis,isspeech.Theyaretwothings.Nowofcourse,ashistoryhasgoneby,it’sbeennaturalfortheretobeacertainamountofbleedbetweenspeechandwriting.12.Whydosomepeoplethinktextingisadisaster?A.Itreducespeople’sabilitytowrite.B.Ithasnobenefitstopeople’shealth.C.Itishardtounderstanditscomplexity.D.Itmakespeopleaddictedtocellphones.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“arose”inParagraph2mean?A.Served. B.Responded. C.Appeared. D.Performed.14.Whatmainlymakeswritingdifferfromspeech?A.Itiseasytoprocess. B.Ithelpspeoplethinkdeeply.C.It’saboutthenatureoflanguage. D.Ithasmorestrengthsthanspeech.15.Whatismostlytobediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Thehistoryoflanguage.B.Moredetailsaboutwriting.C.Theimportanceofformalspeech.D.Therelationshipbetweenspeechandwriting.〖答案〗12.A13.C14.B15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，文章由发短信是否会造成写作水平的降低展开讨论，并介绍了语言和写作的主要区别。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Wealwayshearthattextingisadisaster.Theideaisthattextingleadstothefallofakindofseriousliteracy,oratleastwritingability,amongyoungpeopleintheUnitedStatesandnowthewholeworldtoday.(我们总是听说发短信是一场灾难。这个想法认为在美国和当今整个世界的年轻人中，发短信会导致一种严重的识字能力下降，或者至少是写作能力下降)”可知，一些人认为发短信是灾难的原因是这种行为降低了写作能力。故选A。【13题详析】词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的“Basically,ifwethinkaboutlanguage,languagehasexistedforatleast80,000years(基本上，如果我们考虑语言，语言已经存在了至少80000年)”及后文“Writingissomethingthatcamealongmuchlater.(写作是很久以后才出现的东西。)”可知，语言已经存在至少8万年了，而写作出现在言语之后，说明语言最初的出现形式是言语，画线词意为“出现”。故选C。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Whenyouwrite,becauseit’saconscious(有意识的)process,becauseyoucanlookbackwards,youcandothingswithlanguagethataremuchlesslikelyifyou’rejusttalking.(当你写作时，因为这是一个有意识的过程，因为你可以回顾，你可以用语言做一些如果你只是在说话的情况下不太可能做的事情。)”及第四段中的“It’smuchlessreflective—verydifferentfromwriting.(它的反思性要低得多，与写作大不相同)”可知，写作与言语的主要区别是写作是一个有意识的加工过程，具有回顾性和反思性。由此可知，写作和言语的不同之处在于，写作可以帮助人们进行深入思考。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nowofcourse,ashistoryhasgoneby,it’sbeennaturalfortheretobeacertainamountofbleedbetweenspeechandwriting.(当然现在，随着历史的流逝，在言语和写作之间出现一定程度的渗透是很自然的)”可知，在本段中，作者强调了介绍言语和写作之间会相互渗透，有一定的交集。由此可推测出，接下来会论述言语和写作之间的关系。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Settinganewpersonalmaxisagreatwaytochartyourprogresstowardyourfitnessgoals.____16____OneusefulstepistoimproveVO:max(最大摄氧量),whichisameasureofwmuchoxygenyourbodycantakeinanduseduringexercise.Themoreoxygenyourbodycanputtousewhileyouworkout,thebetteryourperformancewillbe,whetheryou’rerunningalong-distanceraceorplayingasportliketennisorsoccer.____17____Thefirstistobuildupyouraerobic(有氧)base,whichisachievedbydoingalotoflower-intensity(低强度)aerobicwork.Inrunning,thatwouldmeanalotoflong,slowmiles,withthegoalofbuildingupyourdistanceovertime.Doingthisincreasesyouroverallaerobiccapacity(容量)whichinturnwillhelpyourbodybemuchbetterattakinginandusingoxygen.ExercisephysiologistandIronmancoachAlanCouzensisrichinhisexperienceworkingwithathletes.____18____InitheclaimsthatthelargestgainsinVO2maxtendtocomewhentheirtrainingplanincludesalotoflower-intensityaerobicwork.Inadditiontotheselong,slowmiles,you’llwanttoaddtosomemoretraditional“VO2max”workouts,whichfeatureshortburstsofhigh-intensityworkat90-95%ofyourmaximumheartrate.____19____However,althoughitcanbeattractive(andfeelgood)topushyourselfeverytimeyouexercise，high-intensityintervals(间歇)shouldonlycontainasmallpercentageofyouroverallworkoutroutine.____20____AsJasonFitzgeraldwroteforOutsideMagazine,youshouldavoidlong-timeworkataVO2maxlevel,asitistoughonthebody.Instead,headvises,“Savemostoftheseintense,specificworkoutsforthefinalstepoftrainingwhenyou’resharpeningforarace.”A.Sowhat’stheeasiestwaytodothat?B.WhatistheVOmaxthatisacceptedduringexercise?C.Hehashadawell-knownpostinablogforSimpliFaster.D.Theseshort,intenseburstswillhelpfurtherpushyourbody’sabilities.E.TherearetwogeneralstrategiesthatarehelpfulforimprovingyourVO2Max.F.Ifyourperformanceimproves,that’sasignthatyourVOmaxhasimprovedtoo.G.Ifyouarepreparingforarace,forexample,youwanttoavoidoverdoingthemtoosoon.〖答案〗16.A17.E18.C19.D20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述可以帮助你锻炼时提高最大摄氧量的两种策略。【16题详析】由上文“Settinganewpersonalmaxisagreatwaytochartyourprogresstowardyourfitnessgoals.(设置一个新的个人最高限额是一个很好的方法来记录你在实现你的健身目标方面的进展。)”可知，下面要说什么是最简单的方法。故A选项“Sowhat’stheeasiestwaytodothat?(那么，最简单的方法是什么呢？)”能承接上文，符合题意。且能引起下文具体怎么做“OneusefulstepistoimproveVO:max(最大摄氧量)(一个有用的步骤是提高最大摄氧量)”。A项内容与上下文构成顺承关系。故选A。【17题详析】由后文“Thefirstistobuildupyouraerobic(有氧)base(首先是建立你的有氧基础。)”以及第五段的”Inadditiontotheselong,slowmiles,you’llwanttoaddtosomemoretraditional(除了这些漫长而缓慢的里程外，你还想增加一些更传统的里程)”可知，此处是概括段落大意。故E选项“TherearetwogeneralstrategiesthatarehelpfulforimprovingyourVO2Max.(有两种策略可以帮助你提高最大摄氧量。)”符合段落大意内容。故选E。【18题详析】由上文“ExercisephysiologistandIronmancoachAlanCouzensisrichinhisexperienceworkingwithathletes.(运动生理学家、铁人三项教练阿兰·库森斯有着丰富的运动员工作经验。)”可知，下面要说和经验相关话题。故C选项“Hehashadawell-knownpostinablogforSimpliFaster.(他在SimpliFaster的博客中有一个著名的帖子。)”能承接上文，说出了他的经验分享的博客，符合题意。且下文具体说出来博客中的帖子内容“InitheclaimsthatthelargestgainsinVO2maxtendtocomewhentheirtrainingplanincludesalotoflower-intensityaerobicwork.(他在帖子中声称，当他们的训练计划包括大量低强度的有氧运动时，VO2max的最大收益往往会出现。)”下文的it指代awell-knownpost。故选C。【19题详析】由上文“Inadditiontotheselong,slowmiles,you’llwanttoaddtosomemoretraditional“VO2max”workouts,whichfeatureshortburstsofhigh-intensityworkat90-95%ofyourmaximumheartrate.(除了这些长而慢的里程之外，你还需要加入一些更传统的“最大摄氧量”训练，即以90-95%的最大心率进行短时间的高强度训练。)”可知，下文要说进行短时间的高强度训练的好处。故D选项“Theseshort,intenseburstswillhelpfurtherpushyourbody’sabilities.(这些短暂而剧烈的爆发将有助于进一步提升你身体的能力)”内容与上文构成因果关系。故选D。【20题详析】由上文“However,althoughitcanbeattractive(andfeelgood)topushyourselfeverytimeyouexercise,high-intensityintervals(间歇)shouldonlycontainasmallpercentageofyouroverallworkoutroutine.(然而，尽管每次锻炼都强迫自己很有吸引力(而且感觉很好)，但高强度间歇训练应该只占你整个锻炼计划的一小部分。)”；且由后文“AsJasonFitzgeraldwroteforOutsideMagazine,youshouldavoidlong-timeworkataVO2maxlevel,asitistoughonthebody(正如杰森·菲茨杰拉德在《户外》杂志上所写的那样，你应该避免在最大摄氧量水平下长时间工作，因为这对身体很不利)”可知，G项“Ifyouarepreparingforarace,forexample,youwanttoavoidoverdoingthemtoosoon.(例如，如果你正在为一场比赛做准备，你想避免过早地过度运动。)”与上文属于例证关系，与下文“avoidlong-timeworkataVO2maxlevel(避免在最大摄氧量水平下长时间工作)”相呼应，构成并列关系。故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ilovepersimmons(柿子).Afewyearsago,preparingtotravelfromSanFranciscotoBoston,I____21____twopersimmons,oneofwhichI____22____intheflightdeparturelounge(候机室),waitingtoboardthe____23____.Alady____24____meandaskedfromwhichstoreintheairportthefruitwasbought.Shelookedabit____25____hearingthatitcouldn’tbepurchasedfromanyairportshop.Ithoughttomyself,“Ican____26____thesecondpersimmontoher.”WhenI____27____herthefruit,sheatfirst____28____,butwhenIinsisted,shewasvisiblygladandappreciativelyaccepted.I____29____mycornerofthelounge,satisfiedtohavemadesomeoneelse_____30_____andthatIthoughtwastheendofthestory.Sometimeduringtheflight,theladycaughtupwithmeintheaisle(过道)to_____31_____meagainforthepersimmon.She_____32_____thatshehadgrownupinJapan,wheretherewasapersimmontreeintheyardofherchildhoodhome.ShenowlivedinBoston,whereshehadn’tbeenabletofindthefruit.Thetasteofthisonepersimmonwasprecioustoher,_____33_____herwithmemoriesofherparentsandgrandparentsbyoursensesoftasteandsmell,asifmagically.Onlythendidtheinfluenceofthistinyactdawnonme.TothisdayIam_____34_____byitsomuchthatthetasteofthepersimmonIneverategivesmemore_____35_____thanalltheonesIhaveeaten,combined.21.A.picked B.exchanged C.packed D.demanded22.A.ate B.donated C.washed D.observed23.A.bus B.train C.ship D.plane24.A.approached B.left C.missed D.discovered25.A.disappointed B.nervous C.excited D.energetic26.A.give B.compare C.throw D.deliver27.A.showed B.purchased C.offered D.sold28.A.hated B.chose C.removed D.refused29.A.searchedfor B.returnedto C.checkedup D.complainedabout30.A.comfortable B.happy C.anxious D.worried31.A.support B.thank C.praise D.reward32.A.imagined B.responded C.agreed D.shared33.A.taking B.helping C.reconnecting D.mixing34.A.moved B.surprised C.shocked D.attracted35.A.regret B.freedom C.joy D.kindness〖答案〗21.C22.A23.D24.A25.A26.A27.C28.D29.B30.B31.B32.D33.C34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在候机室等待登机时送了一位女士一个柿子，后来才得知这个柿子让这位女士想起了关于家人的记忆，这个作者没吃到的柿子给作者带来的快乐比所有吃掉的柿子带来的快乐还要多。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我准备从旧金山前往波士顿，我打包了两个柿子，其中一个在航班起飞候机室等待登机的时候吃掉了。A.picked捡起，摘；B.exchanged交换；C.packed收拾（行李），打包；D.demanded强烈要求。根据句中的“preparingtotravelfromSanFranciscotoBoston”可知，作者准备出行，所以是打包了两个柿子。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.ate吃；B.donated捐赠；C.washed洗；D.observed观察。根据句中的“waitingtoboardthe________”可知，作者在等待登机的时候吃掉了其中一个柿子。故选A。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意参考第1题。A.bus公共汽车；B.train火车；C.ship船；D.plane飞机。根据句中的“theflightdeparturelounge(候机室)”可知，作者在航班起飞候机室是为了等待登上飞机。故选D。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位女士走近我，问我水果是从机场的哪家商店买的。A.approached靠近，接近；B.left离开；C.missed错过；D.discovered发现。根据空后的“askedfromwhichstoreintheairportthefruitwasbought”可知，这位女士要走近作者才能问作者问题。故选A。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听说在任何机场商店都买不到它，她看起来有点失望。A.disappointed失望的；B.nervous紧张的；C.excited激动的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根据上文中的“askedfromwhichstoreintheairportthefruitwasbought”和空后的“hearingthatitcouldn’tbepurchasedfromanyairportshop”可知，女士询问作者在哪里买到这种柿子，说明她想要这种柿子，但却被告知机场的商店里没有，所以她内心是非常失望的。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我心想：“我可以把第二个柿子送给她。”A.give给；B.compare比较；C.throw扔；D.deliver运载。根据下文中的“shewasvisiblygladandappreciativelyaccepted”可知，下文说这位女士接受了作者给的柿子，所以这里是说作者决定把另一个没吃的柿子给她。故选A。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我把水果递给她时，她起初拒绝了，但当我坚持要给时，她显然很高兴，并感激地接受了。A.showed展示；B.purchased买；C.offered自愿给予；D.sold卖。根据句中的“shewasvisiblygladandappreciativelyaccepted”可知，这里是说作者主动把柿子递给这位女士，最终这位女士接受了。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.hated讨厌；B.chose选择；C.removed移开；D.refused拒绝。空后的but表明上下文之间是转折关系，but后的“butwhenIinsisted,shewasvisiblygladandappreciativelyaccepted”说女士最终在作者的坚持下接受了柿子，所以but前应是说女士一开始拒绝了作者的好意。故选D。【29题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我回到休息室中属于我的角落，因让某个人开心而感到满足，我认为这就是故事的结局。A.searchedfor搜寻；B.returnedto回到；C.checkedup核实；D.complainedabout抱怨。上文“Alady________me”提到女士走近作者并询问柿子从哪里买的，后来作者主动把柿子给了女士，所以作者应是主动走到女士的位置送柿子，然后又返回自己的位置。故选B。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.comfortable舒服的；B.happy开心的；C.anxious焦急的；D.worried担心的。根据上文中的“shewasvisiblyglad”可知，女士收到柿子的时候很开心。故选B。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在飞行途中的某个时候，那位女士在过道里追上我，再次感谢我的柿子。A.support支持；B.thank感谢；C.praise表扬；D.reward奖励。根据上文中的“appreciativelyaccepted”可知，女士收到柿子的当场就对作者表示感激，空后的“meagainforthepersimmon”表明她再次感谢作者。故选B。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她分享说，她在日本长大，童年时家的院子里有一棵柿子树。A.imagined想象；B.responded反应；C.agreed同意；D.shared分享，把自己的想法（或经历、感情）告诉别人。空后的“thatshehadgrownupinJapan,wheretherewasapersimmontreeintheyardofherchildhoodhome”表明这位女士在讲述自己的个人经历。故选D。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这只柿子的味道对她来说很珍贵，通过我们的味觉和嗅觉，仿佛神奇地将她与父母和祖父母的记忆重新联系起来。A.taking拿；B.helping帮助；C.reconnecting再连接，重新接通；D.mixing（使）混合。根据空后的“herwithmemoriesofherparentsandgrandparents”可知，这只柿子的味道让这位女士重新想起了有关父母和祖父母的记忆。故选C。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到今天，我都被它深深打动了，以至于这只我从未吃到的柿子的味道比我吃过的所有柿子加起来都更让我高兴。A.moved触动的；感动的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.shocked震惊的；D.attracted被吸引的。根据上文“Onlythendidtheinfluenceofthistinyactdawnonme.(直到那时，这小小的举动才对我产生了影响。)”可知，作者送柿子的小小善举对作者产生了影响，作者被这位女士的故事打动了。故选A。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.regret遗憾；B.freedom自由；C.joy快乐；D.kindness善意。结合上文中的“satisfiedtohavemadesomeoneelse________”可知，作者送完柿子后，因为这让某个人开心而感到满足，这也给作者带来了快乐。故选C。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Someoftheculturesarewell____36____(know)tohaveexistedforalongtime.TheChinesecultureisanexampleofthesehistoriccultures,datingbackthousandsofyears.Thisisthereasonwhythiscivilization____37____(consider)thedominant(显性的)cultureofEastAsia.WiththeChineseculture____38____(have)arichhistory,itisnosurprisethatithasadeepinfluenceonart,philosophy,and____39____(tradition)values.Moreover,theChineselanguagearchitecture,religion,andpolitics____40____(be)differentfromthoseofitsneighbouringcountriesandhaveformedastrongplaceforthecultureintheAsianregion.Oneoftheunique____41____(quality)ofChinesecultureisthestrongstressonfamilylife.Chinesepeopleputgreatimportanceonfamilyrelationship,____42____iswhytheireldersstaywiththefamilyeveninoldage.Likewise,thechildrenofthefamilyareexpected____43____(take)careoftheirparentswhentheygrowold.Thecultureofanycountryisasnapshot(快照)ofthecountry’shistory,language,____44____people.Whileitistruethateverytribe(部落)hasitsowncustoms,traditions,andculture,theplacethattheyliveinalsoplaysahugerole____45____theshapingofculture.〖答案〗36.known37.isconsidered38.having39.traditional40.are41.qualities42.which43.totake44.and45.in【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是中国文化的特色及历史。【36题详析】考查形容词。句意：有些文化众所周知已经存在了很长时间。bewellknownto是固定短语，意为“众所周知”，因此空格处是known，故填known。【37题详析】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么这个文明被认为是东亚的主导文化的原因。civilization和consider之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此句子用被动语态，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，因此空格处是一般现在时的被动语态，主语civilization是不可数名词，因此空格处是isconsidered，故填isconsidered。【38题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国文化有着悠久的历史，它对艺术、哲学和传统价值观产生深远的影响也就不足为奇了。此处是with复合结构，culture和have之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填having。【39题详析】考查形容词。句意：中国文化有着悠久的历史，它对艺术、哲学和传统价值观产生深远的影响也就不足为奇了。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词values，tradition的形容词是traditional，意为“传统的”，故填traditional。【40题详析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，中国的语言、建筑、宗教和政治与邻国不同，在亚洲地区形成了强大的文化地位。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语“theChineselanguagearchitecture,religion,andpolitics”是复数，因此空格处用are，故填are。【41题详析】考查名词的复数。句意：中国文化的独特品质之一是对家庭生活的强烈重视。Oneof后要跟名词的复数，因此空格处是复数qualities。故填qualitie