湖北省当阳市第一中学高三下第一次测试新高考英语试题及答案解析

湖北省当阳市第一中学高三下第一次测试新高考英语试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．--Hello,Kate.Howisyourweekendathome?--Awful!YouknowitisthefirsttimeI____aloneathome,boredtodeath.A．hasleft B．hadleft C．hadbeenleft D．havebeenleft2．—WhyaretheWoodssellingtheirbelongings?—Theytoanothercity.A．hadmoved B．havemoved C．moved D．aremoving3．Littleaboutherownsafety,thoughshewasingreatdangerherself.A．didRosecare B．RosedidcareC．Rosedoescare D．doesRosecare4．Itisthebusdriverwhoshould______thesafetyofthepassengers.A．answerforB．searchforC．standforD．gofor5．Wehavestrong________forbelievingthatthenewly-inventedmaterialisnotonlypopularbutalsoamonumenttotheeco-friendlylifestyle.A．grounds B．reasons C．causes D．purposes6．Bythesideoftheteachingbuildingofourschool_____,whichwascompletedin2009. A．therestandingthelibrary B．doesthelibrarystand C．thelibrarystands D．standsthelibrary7．Tomissocreativeapersonthathealwayshaslotsof_________ideasinhismind,andsometimeswedon’tevenknowwhatheisthinkingabout.A．meanB．novelC．slimD．instant8．Takingdrugshasbecomepartofeverysport_________athletesseektoachievebeyondtheirnaturallimits.A．which B．that C．who D．where9．TheOxfordEnglishDictionaryisnecessaryforlearningEnglish，soyou'dbetterbuy__________．A．this B．that C．it D．one10．Whenonholidays,therailwaysputontrainstomakepeople’stravelmoreconvenient.A．regularB．specialC．particularD．unusual11．一"Peter,haveyougotyournewflatfurnished?—Yes.I______someusedfurnitureanditwasarealbargain.A．willbuyB．haveboughtC．boughtD．hadbought12．Atcollege,BarackObamadidn’tknowthathethefirstblackpresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.A．wastobecome B．becomesC．istobecome D．became13．Luciaimpressedherpeerstudentswithhermusicaltalent,aswellasseveralforeignlanguages______.A．onherown B．underhercontrol C．inhercharge D．athercommand14．Ifit_____earlier,theprintingmachinewouldnothavebrokendown．A．hasbeenrepaired B．isrepairedC．hadbeenrepaired D．wasrepaired15．________WuhuwithShanghai,tobefrank,andyou'llfindit'smoreconvenienttoliveintheformer.A．Tocompare B．ComparingC．Compare D．Compared16．______inpainting,Johndidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.A．Toabsorb B．TobeabsorbedC．Absorbed D．Absorbing17．We__________backinthehotelnowifyoudidn’tlosethemap．A．are B．wereC．wouldbe D．willbe18．You’llrecognizemewhenyougetoutofthestation.I______jeansandawhiteT-shirt.A．willbewearingB．hadwornC．waswearingD．haveworn19．——Yourargumentis.Iwillnotletyoupass.--Areyoukidding?A．sound B．rationalC．liberal D．plain20．Patrickwaited________alltheluggagewascleared,buthisneverappeared.A．until B．beforeC．when D．while第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）TheArtofTravelPhotographyCourseonDVD$99.95$29.95Mostofuswouldn’tdreamoftravellingwithoutbringingacameraalong.Photographsnotonlyletusshareourexperienceswithothers,buttheypreserveonce-in-a-lifetimemomentspreciselythewaywewanttorememberthem.Yetalltoooften,wefindthatourphotosfallshortofourexpectations.Andourdullresultsaremadeallthemoredisappointingbytheknowledgethatwemayneverreturntothepicturedlocale.We’vealllearnedhowdifficultitcanbetocapture(捕捉)themagicofthemoment.Butbyunderstandingsomebasicphotographicprinciplesandbestpractices,youcandevelopyourphotographer’seyeandproducepicturesthatreachtheirfullpotential.TheArtofTravelPhotographyisyourtickettocapturingthebeautyandaweofanyscene,anywhereintheworld.YourguideisJoelSartore,NationalGeographiccontributingphotographerwithmorethan30yearsofexperiencewhohastravelledtheworldshootingphotographsinthemostchallengingofconditions.Filledwithpracticaltipsandproventechniques,thiscoursehelpsyoulearntoseethewayprofessionalphotographersdosoyoucantakecompellingphotographsworthframingandsharing.1、Whatmightmakeyoufeelregretaboutyourbadphotosaccordingtothead?A．Thatyourprecioustimeiswasted.B．Thatyoulackphotographicskills.C．Thatscarcelycantheyberetaken.D．Thatit’shardtocaptureidealsights.2、WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．JoelSartorewillteachyouphotographywhiletravellingwithyou.B．JoelSartorewillconveyhisexperiencetowhowantstotakenicephotos.C．TheArtofTravelPhotographyisacollectionofJoelSartore'sphotos.D．TheArtofTravelPhotographywillfreeyoufromworriesaboutphotos.22．（8分）Afewweeksago,YuanChaojunquithiswell-paidjobwithatradingcompanyinShanghaiandstartedteachingpeoplehowto“escapefromrooms”.Roomescapeisareal-lifeadventuregame,duringwhich“imprisoned”playersarerequiredtoescapefrom“dungeons”,“prisons”andmysteriouscellsbysolvingpuzzlesandconnectingcluesinafixedperiodoftime.Stressreliefisoneofthemajorreasonswhythesegamesaresopopular.Mixedwithexcitement,challengesandfearoftheunknown,thegameallowspeopletoplaydifferentrolesandexperienceanotherlifeforashorttime.RoomescapehasbecomepopularinChina,attractingpeoplefromallwalksoflife.Thegamesoftenrequiregroupthinking,makingitagoodalternativeforcompanyteam-buildingactivities.YeKaiworksforafilmproductioncompany.Heandcolleaguesrecentlytookonaroomescapegamecalled“Assassin”,andonlymadeitout“withthehelpofeveryone”.“Thegamegavemeastrongsenseofinvolvementandteamwork,”Yesaid.“Iwilldefinitelycomebackandtryotherthemes.”InShanghaialone,morethan200locationsoffertheseadventures.Acrossthecountrythousandsofsuchescaperoomswithvariousthemeshavesprungup.Butescapegamesarenotwithouttheircritics.Accordingtoareport,avenue(场馆)openedinabasementinaresidentialareainShanghai’sJingandistrictrecently,attractingalargenumberofdevotees(热爱者)tothearea.Asthedoortothecommunityisnowconstantlyopen,someresidentshavebeenleftannoyed.“Howcanoursafetybeguaranteediftheyallowtheserandomstrangersintoourcommunityfreely?”oneoftheresidentscomplained.“Wearethinkingaboutemployingsecurityguardsattheentrancetocheckonourcustomers,”thegamedevelopersaid.“Wewantpeopletohavefun.Itwasneverourintentiontodisturbtheneighborhood.”1、Roomescapegamesarepopularmainlybecausethey.A．helpreleasepressureB．areexcitingandchallengingC．requireteamworkD．mustbefinishedinafixedtime2、Towinthegame,peoplearerequiredto.A．cooperatewitheachotherB．manageitindependentlyC．solvepuzzlesandfindcluesaloneD．haveastrongsenseofdirection3、WecaninferfromParagraph7thatsomeresidents.A．arealsofondofthegamesB．haveleftthecommunityC．areconcernedaboutthesafetyoftheircommunityD．havegreatconflictswiththedevotees4、Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．ExperienceanotherlifeB．HowtoescapefromrealityC．Analternativeteam-buildingactivityD．Gamesofferanescapefromstress23．（8分）Haveyoueverpressedthepedestrianbuttonatacrosswalkandwonderedifitreallyworked?They’recalled“placebo(安慰剂）buttons”一buttonsthatmechanicallysoundandcanbepushed，butprovidenofunctionality.InNewYorkCity,onlyabout2ofthe1,000crosswalkbuttonsactuallyfunction.Crosswalksignalsweregenerallyinstalledbeforetrafficjamhadreachedtoday’slevels.Butwhiletheirfunctionwastakenoverbymoreadvancedsystems—suchasautomatedlightsortrafficsensors—thephysicalbuttonswereoftenkept,ratherthanbeingreplacedatfurtherexpense.Othercities，suchasBoston，DallasandSeattle，havegonethroughasimilarprocess,leavingthemwiththeirownplacebopedestrianbuttons.InLondon,whichhas6,000trafficsignals,pressingthepedestrianbuttonresultsinareliable“Wait”light.Butthatdoesn’tnecessarilymeanthatthe“greenman”—or“pedestrianstage”intrafficsignaldesignprofession—willappearanysooner.“Wedohavesomecrossingswherethegreenlightcomesonautomatically,butwestillaskpeopletopressthebuttonbecausethatenablesaccessiblefeatures,’’saidGlynnBarton,directorofnetworkmanagementatTransportforLondon.Thesefeatures,suchasblindtracksandhearabletrafficsignals,helppeoplewithvisualdisordercrosstheroadandonlyfunctionwhenthebuttonispressed.Asforthelights,agrowingnumberofthemarenowcombinedandbecomeapartofanelectronicsystemthatdetectstrafficandadjuststimefrequencyaccordingly(givingprioritytobusesifthey’rerunninglate,forexample),whichmeansthatpressingthebuttonhasnoeffect.AccordingtoLanger,aHarvardpsychologist,placebobuttonsgiveustheillusion(错觉)ofcontrol—andsomethingtodoinsituationswherethealternativewouldbedoingnothing.Inthecaseofpedestriancrossings,theymayevenmakeussaferbyforcingustopayattentiontooursurroundings.“Theyserveapsychologicalpurposeattheveryleast,”sheadded.1、Whyarethephysicalbuttonsstillkeptinsomecities?A．Becauseitmaycostmoneytoreplacethem.B．Becausetheyremainasmemoriesofacity.C．Becausedohaverealfunctionsintraffic.D．Becausetheycanresultinreliablelights.2、Whichofthefollowingwordcanreplacetheunderlineword“features”inParagraph4?A．Functions. B．Uses.C．Equipment. D．Facilities.3、Ifyoupresseda“placebobutton”inLondon,whatwouldhappen?A．Alltrafficwouldbeaffected. B．Somekindofsoundmightappear.C．Pedestrianscamefirsttocrosstheroad. D．“Greenman”wereboundtoshowupearlier.4、Whatcanweknowabout“placebobuttons”fromLanger’swords?A．Theycanreallycontroltraffic. B．Theyservelittlefunctions.C．Theymayworkmentally. D．Theycanhelptheblind.24．（8分）SafetyisahugeconcernwheneverIrunwithmyearphonesin.ButIneedmusictorun.OtherwiseallIhearisthesoundofmyownbreathing.SoI’vefoundacompromise:Irunwithonlyoneearphonein.Themusicsoundsoff.It’sanimperfectsolution.Anupdatedpairofheadphones,calledAfterShokz,aimtodobetter.AfterShokzbillsitselfasusingboneconductingtechnologytoconductmusicfromthefrontoftheear,deliveringsoundthroughyourcheekboneandinnerear.Thiskeepsyoureardrum(鼓膜)freetoheareverythingelse.“Earbuds(耳塞式耳机)aretypicallydesignedtoblockoutallsound,whichisfinewhenyou’reinside.Butwhenyou’reoutside,youneedallyoursenses.Itwouldbelikesendingyououtcyclingwithablindfoldon,”saysRodAnnet,managingdirectorofAfterShokz.Here’swhereAfterShokzcomesin.Theheadphoneshookoverthebackofyourheadwiththemain“bud”restinghighupagainstyourcheek.Thiskeepsyourearfreetodelightinothersounds.Sodotheywork?Inaword,yes.Duringa45-minutejog,theydidn’tbounceorshift.IheardfarmoreofmyenvironmentthanInormallydo:anearbybikethere;arunnerpassingmeagaintomyleft;andsoforth.Whataboutthedownsides?Ifyou’reahugefanofhigh-qualitysound,youmightfindtheheadphonesabittinny.Onefriendexpressedconcernsaboutmissingtheabilitytogetlostinthemusicasyoumightbedistractedbyothernoises,althoughIpersonallydidn’tfindthatanissue.Yetthoseareallminordetails.Forme,probablythebiggestproblemistheprice.Rangingbetween£49.96to£83.29,AfterShokzheadphonesaren’texactlycheap.Withallthatconsidered,wouldIrecommendthem?Yes.AfterShokzheadphonesarequiteuseful.Whileoutjogging,theywerelight,painless,andeasytouse.Theymademefeelsafer.1、WhatisspecialaboutAfterShokzheadphones?A．Theyareagoodchoiceforinsideuse.B．Theyallowuserstohearothersounds.C．Theycanmakemusicsoundmorebeautiful.D．Theycandeliversoundthroughyoureardrum.2、Whatdoestheauthor’sfriendthinkofAfterShokzheadphones?A．Theypreventusersgettinglost.B．Theydeliverhigh—qualitysound.C．Theyoftenmovewhileusersarerunning.D．Theyfailtoallowuserstoenjoythemusic.3、TheauthorthinksAfterShokzheadphones.A．aretooexpensiveB．seemquiteuselessC．makeusersfeelpainD．aretoocomplextouse4、Whatisthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Toexpressworries.B．Tointroduceaproduct.C．Toshareapersonalstory.D．Tocomplainaboutaproduct.25．（10分）Initsearlyhistory,Chicagohadfloodsfrequently,especiallyinthespring,makingthestreetssomuddythatpeople,horses,andcartsgotstuck.Anoldjokethatwaspopularatthetimewentsomethinglikethis:AmanisstuckuptohiswaistinamuddyChicagostreet.Askedifheneedshelp,hereplies,“No,thanks.I'vegotagoodhorseunderme.”Thecityplannerdecidedtobuildanundergrounddrainage(排水)system,buttheresimplywasn'tenoughdifferencebetweentheheightofthegroundlevelandthewaterlevel.TheonlytwooptionsweretolowertheChicagoRiverorraisethecity.AnengineernamedEllisChesbroughconvincedmethecitythatithadnochoicebuttobuildthepipesabovegroundandthencoverthemwithdirt.Thisraisedthelevelofthecity'sstreetsbyasmuchas12feet.Thisofcoursecreatedanewproblem:dirtpracticallyburiedthefirstfloorsofeverybuildinginChicago.Buildingownerswerefacedwithachoice:eitherchangethefirstfloorsoftheirbuildingsintobasements,andthesecondstoriesintomainfloors,orhoisttheentirebuildingstomeetthenewstreetlevel.Smallwood-framebuildingscouldbeliftedfairlyeasily.Butwhataboutlarge,heavystructureslikeTremontHotel,whichwasasix-storybrickbuilding?That'swhereGeorgePullmancamein.Hehaddevelopedsomehouse-movingskillssuccessfully.ToliftabigstructureliketheTremontHotel,Pullmanwouldplacethousandsofjackscrews(螺旋千斤顶)beneaththebuilding'sfoundation.Onemanwasassignedtooperateeachsectionofroughly10jackscrews.AtPullman'ssignaleachmanturnedhisjackscrewthesameamountatthesametime,therebyraisingthebuildingslowlyandevenly.Astonishingly,theTremontHotelstayopenduringtheentireoperation,andmanyofitsguestsdidn'tevennoticeanythingwashappening.Somepeopleliketosaythateveryproblemhasasolution.ButinChicago'searlyhistory,everyengineeringsolutionseemedtocreateanewproblem.NowthatChicago'swastewaterwasdrainingefficientlyintotheChicagoRiver,thecity'snextstepwastocleanthepollutedriver.1、Theauthormentionsthejoketoshow______.A．horseswerefairlyusefulinChicagoB．Chicago'sstreetswereextremelymuddyC．ChicagowasverydangerousinthespringD．theChicagopeoplewereparticularlyhumorous2、ThecityplannerswereconvincedbyEllisChesbroughto_______.A．getridofthestreetdirt B．lowertheChicagoRiverC．fightagainstheavyfloods D．buildthepipesaboveground3、Theunderlinedword“hoist”inParagraph4means“_______”.A．change B．liftC．repair D．decorate4、WhatcanweconcludeaboutthemovingoperationoftheTremontHotel?A．Itwentonsmoothlyasintended.B．Itinterruptedthebusinessofthehotel.C．ItinvolvedPullmanturningtenjackscrews.D．Itseparatedthebuildingfromitsfoundation.5、ThepassageismainlyabouttheearlyChicago's______.A．popularlifestylesandtheirinfluencesB．environmentaldisastersandtheircausesC．engineeringproblemsandtheirsolutionsD．successfulbusinessmenandtheirachievements第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）OnemorningIwastednearlyanhourwatchingatinyantcarryahugefeather.Severaltimes,it31severalobstaclesinitspath.Andafteramomentarypauseitwouldmakethenecessarydetour(绕道).32onepoint,theanthadtocrossacrackabout10mmwide.Aftersome33thoughts,theantlaidthefeatheroverthecrack,walked34itandpickedthefeatherupontheotherside,thencontinuedonitsway.Iwas35bytheclevernessofthisant.Itwasonlyasmallinsect,lackingin36yetequippedwithabraintoreason,explore,discoverandovercome.37thisant,liketheothertwo-leggedcreatures38ontheearth,alsoshareshumanfailings.Aftersometimetheant39reacheditsdestination—aflowerbedandasmallholethatwastheentrancetoits40home.Itwastherethattheantmetits41.Howcouldthatlargefeatherpossibly42suchasmallhole?Ofcourse,itcouldn’t.Sotheant,afterallthis43andusinggreatbrightness,overcomingproblemsallalongtheway,justgaveupthe44andwenthome.Theanthadnotthoughttheproblemthrough45itbeganitsjourneyandintheendthefeatherwas46morethanaburden.Isn’tour47likethat?Weworryaboutourfamilies;weworryaboutthe48ofmoney;andweworryaboutallkindsofthings.Theseareallburdens—thethingswepickupalonglife’spath,anddragthemaroundtheobstaclesandoverthecracksthatlifewillbring,onlyto49thatatthedestinationtheyare50andwecan’ttakethemwithus.1、.A.broughtabout B．gotover C．cameacross D．dealtwith2、A．At B．For C．To D．With3、A．brave B．tiring C．magic D．short4、A．across B．through C．beside D．behind5、A．frightened B．attracted C．annoyed D．satisfied6、A．size B．height C．depth D．length7、A．Therefore B．But C．Moreover D．Otherwise8、A．working B．sleeping C．living D．walking9、A．probably B．suddenly C．easily D．finally10、A．underground B．lonely C．comfortable D．big11、A．partner B．match C．parent D．friend12、A．fit B．fix C．suit D．fill13、A．decision B．pleasure C．trouble D．matter14、A．insect B．problem C．hole D．feather15、A．after B．until C.before D．once16、A．nothing B．anything C．something D．everything17、A．study B．aim C．dream D．life18、A．waste B．lack C．worth D．danger19、A．think B．find C．wonder D．warn20、A．bad B．practical C．useless D．meaningful第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）语法填空OliverTwistandotherboysintheworkhousewereallowedonebowlofsoupandnomore,exceptonspecialholidays.Theyslowly1．(starve)forthreemonthsuntilfinally,theybecamequitewildwithhunger.Oneday,theboysdecidedtochooseonetowalkuptothewardenaftersupperandaskformore.Theywrote2．(they)namesonpiecesofpaperandpickedoneout.Andtheboy3．waschosenwasOliverTwist.Theeveningarrivedandthesoupwasservedanddisappeareddowntheboy’sthroats.Desperatewithhungerandmisery,Oliverwalkedtowards4．masterwithhisbowlandspooninhishandandtoldhimthathewantedmorefood.Thewardenwasso5．(astonish)thathehadtoholdontothepot6．support.Nosoonerhadtheboyaskedagain7．thewardenhithimontheheadwiththesoupspoonandthenseizedOliver’sarmswhile8．(shout)forMr.Bumble.ThemanagersallagreedthatOliverwould9．(hang).Thenthelittleboywas10．(immediate)lockedinasmallroom.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(^)，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2、只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。IoncegetaVIPpasstoahugeconcertgivenbyoneofthemostpopularrockbandsinworld、Theticketqualifiedmetomeetallthememberofthebandbackstagebuttowatchthewholeprocessofsettingupfortheconcert、Theguitaristwasamanwhomwasverykind、Ididnothavemuchanxietywhilegettingtoknowthembetter,buttherestweremoreofreserved、Theyjustsmiledandmadefriendgestures、Anyway,watchingthestagebeingsetupandallthemicrophonesbeingchecking,Iunderstoodhowharditwastoputtingonastadiumconcert、Ittookhoursofpreparationtoproducequalitysound、第二节书面表达（满分25分）29．（25分）最近，我校社团聆心社（Listeningtoyourheart）就“有烦恼向谁说”展开了调查活动。请用英语写一篇短文投稿，陈述调查结果，并谈谈你个人的选择及你的理由。注意：1.词数100左右，开头已经给出，不计入总词数；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Recently,theschoolclubListeningtoyourhearthascarriedoutasurvey—“ToWhomdoyougowhenintrouble?”Theresultsareasfollows.________________________________________________________________________________________________