牛津译林版暑假五升六英语语法预习名词讲义+练习（含答案）

名词知识点梳理考点一可数名词复数的变化规则规则变化：1.一般直接加s(desks,maps,pencils,teachers)2.以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加es(buses,boxes,watches,dishes)3.以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,先改y为i,再加es(family---familiesstudy---studies)4.以o结尾的名词,只有5个加es(negro,hero,tomato,potato,mango),其余加s5.以f或fe结尾的单词将f或fe改成v再加es(knife小刀---knives)不规则变化：1.man---men(男人)woman---women(女人)policeman--policemen(男警察)policewoman---policewomen(女警察)2.goose------geese(鹅) foot---feet(脚)tooth-----teeth(牙)3.louse---lice(虱子) mouse---mice(老鼠)4.fish----fish sheep---sheep(羊) deer----deer(鹿)5.child---children(小孩)记忆口诀：男人女人a变e;鹅足牙oo变ee;孩子后面加个ren;老鼠虱子ous变ic;鱼鹿绵羊不用变注意事项：1.Stomach的复数形式直接+s;2.German表示德国人时，复数形式直接+s;3.mouse需要考虑2种情况，当mouse表示老鼠时，复数mice;当mouse表示鼠标时，复数mouses4.哪国人的变化形式：Chinese;Japanese;English复数和单数一个American;German后面直接加s考点二复合名词单数变复数1.当复合名词中有man和woman这两个单词；变为复数时；前后两单词都需要变为复数mandoctor---mendoctorswomannurse---womennurses2.当复合名词中没有man和woman这两个单词；变为复数时；只需要将后面的单词变为复数boystudent----boystudentsgirlstudent--girlstudents考点三不可数名词计量表示方法1.用some,much,alittle,alotof,abitof,plentyof表示多少；2.用单位词表示。如：acupof...一杯……apieceof...一张……apairof...一双(对)……3.不可数名词量的复数表达形式数词+量词复数of不可数名词Eg:3piecesofbread考点四名词所有格1.表示有生命的东西名次末尾加’sA.以-es;或者-s结尾的名词复数在末尾加“s’”Eg:Teachers’sDayB.表示共同所有的内容，在最后名词末尾加’sEg:JoanandJim’sroomC.表示各自所有的内容，在两名词的末尾各加’sEg:Joan’sandJim’srooms2.of所有格一般用于无生命的东西的名词中Eg:amapofworld3.两名词中间加上连子符号，也表示…..的;而且名词为单数；Eg:five---minutewalk;ten---dayholiday4.a+名词of+名词所有格或者名词形物主代词，这种表达方式称为双重所有格。Eg:afriendofJim’s/mine注意事项：1.表店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名称时，常在名词后加’s代表全称。Eg:atthebutcher’s.表示在肉店。2.有关时间；距离；长度的名词所有格，一律用’sEg:fiveminutes’walk基础题巩固练习一、将下列汉语译成英语1.杰克和吉姆的卧室2.一杯茶3.三名男司机4.两条裤子5.六个美国人6.一阵强风7.教师节8.儿童节9.我的一个朋友10.一个五岁的男孩二、将下列名词变为复数形式1.English9.potato17.stomach2.German10.tomato18.bus3.American11.watch19.fox4.Chinese12.fish20.boy5.leaf13.sheep21.family6.wolf14.tooth22.toy7.shelf15.man23.library8.hero16.snowman24.student三、根据句意，用括号中所给名词的适当形式填空1.I’dliketwocupsof_______________(milk)formytwinsister.2.Therearefew_______________(vegetable)inthefridge.Let’sgoandbuysomecarrotsandcabbages.3.Billsaidtheywouldhavetwo_______________(month)holiday.4.We’dliketogoforawalkinthe_______________(wood).5.Thebabyhasonlytwo_______________(tooth)althoughheis2yearsold.6.Look!Alionisrunningafteragroupof_______________(deer).7.Thegirlinaredskirtisafriendofmy_______________(sister).8.CouldyoupleasegivemesomeFrench_______________(fry)?9.Howmany_______________(knife)doesMaryhave?10.Thesoldier,WangWei,isoneofthe_______________(hero)inthebigZhouqudebrisflow(泥石流)disaster.11.Therearealotof__________________(leaf)onthetree.12.UncleLibroughttwo__________________(watch)yesterday.13.Therearemany__________________(child)intheclassroom.14.Wehavealotofnice__________________(tomato)here.15.Therearelotsof__________________(sheep)inthehill.16.Thereareabouteighty__________________(mandoctor)inthehospital.17.Ihavealotof__________________(information)totellyou.18.Thebabyhastwo__________________(tooth).19.Therearemanybooksonthose__________________(shelf).20.Thereare13__________________(Japanese)and30__________________(German)here.21.It’sonlyten_____________(minute)walkfromthestationtothehotel.22.It’san_______(hour)ridefromheretothemuseum.23.Theshopssell_________(woman)handbags.24.March8this______________Day.(woman)25.I’llgivemyEnglishteacheracardfor_____________________Day.(teacher)26.Thisis_______________(BobbyandTom)room.27.Theseare__________________(BobbyandTom)rooms.28.Sheisafriendof________(I).四、单选题1.()Thisis_______room.Thetwinsisterslikeitverymuch.A.Lucy’sandLily’sB.Lucy’sandLilyC.LucyandLily’sD.LucyandLily2.()In______time,thosemountainswillbecoveredwithtrees,too.A.fewyears B.afewyears’ C.afewyear D.afewyear’s3.()Wewillhavea___________holidayaftertheexam.A.twomonth B.two–month C.twomonth’s D.two–months4.()Didyouhearthe___________report?A.policemen B.policemen’sC.policemens’ D.policemens5.()It’sabout__________walkfrommyhome.A.tenminuteB.tenminutes’ C.tenminute’s D.tenminutes6.()Thisismydress.Thatoneis______________.A.MaryB.Mary’s C.sister D.mother7.()EverymorningMr.Smithtakesa________tohisoffice.A.20minuteswalkB.20minute’swalk C.20-minuteswalkD.20-minutewalk8.()__________mothersmadethemhavepianolessons.A.PeterandAnneB.Peter’sandAnne’s C.Peter’sandAnneD.PeterandAnne’s9.()Themarketisn’tfarfromhere.It’sonly___________bicycleride.A.halfanhours’B.halfanhour’s C.halfanhourD.anhourandahalf10.()Myfatherwillhavea_________holidaynextmonth.He’lltakemetoQingdao.A.tendaysB.tendays’ C.ten-days D.tenday’s11.Therearemany__________and_______atmyschool.A.boystudents;manteachers B.boysstudents;manteachersC.boysstudents;menteachers D.boystudents;menteachers12.Would you like _______ ,please?         A. twoglass of water       B. two glasses of water        C. two glass of waters      D. two glasses of waters13.There are some ______ in these _______.         A. knifes;pencil-boxes      B. knives;pencils-box        C. knives;pencil-box        D. knives;pencils-boxes14.They come from different ______ A. country     B. countries     C. a country     D. countrys提高题练习一、单选题1.---Whoseumbrellaisit?----It’s___________.A.somebodyelse’sB.somebodyelse C.somebody’selse D.somebody’selse2.----Wheredidyouseeher?---Imetherat__________.A.thedoctor B.doctor’s C.thedoctor’s D.doctors’3.Most of ______ live in _______.         A.Germans, German     B. German, Germen     C. Germen, Germany     D. Germans, Germany4.There are a lot of _________ down there but hardly any __________. A.sheeps, people  B. sheep, people  C. sheeps, peoples  D. sheep, peoples5.All the ________ are made of(由….做成) ___________, not plastics. A. glass, glass  B. glasses, glass  C. glass, glasses  D. glasses, glasses6.----How many ____________ does a cow have? ----- Four. A.stomaches  B.stomach  C. stomachs  D.stomachies7.What ________! Where did you get them? A. a big fish            B. big fish              C. a piece of fish       D. a piece of big fish8.______________! Let’s go climbing! A. What a fine weather   B. How fine weather    C. What a fine day      D. How fine day  9.The village is far away from her indeed. It’s _________walk.   A. a four hour  B. a four hour’s    C. a four-hour  D. a four hours10.Lin Tao is ill, so he has to go to the ________ . A. doctor  B. doctor's C. doctors'  D. doctor’11.Thewomenoverthereare__________mothers.A.LilyandMillie’sB.Lily’sandMillie’s C.Lily’sandMillie D.LilyandMillie 12. Heisafriendof_________.A.myfather B.myfathers’ C.myfather’s D.myfathyer’二、用单词适当形式填空1.Theyare________(China)studentsand____________(Germany)students.2.Canyouspeak____________(Japan)?----No,butIcanspeakalittle____________(Germany).3.Tomisoneofthetallest_________(girlstudent)inourschool.4.Thesehatsareoneofthe_________(player).5.Wewillhaveapartyon__________(child)Day. 6.Pleasewritedownthese____________(hero)names.基础题巩固练习答案一、将下列汉语译成英