考点15-词义猜测之猜测单词的意思-练高考-心中有数

考点15-词义猜测之猜测单词的意思-练高考-心中有数

1.C【2022.新高考I卷】

Theelderlyresidents（居民）incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolookafterto

stopthemfeelinglonely.

Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity（慈善组织）toreducelonelinessandimprove

elderlypeople'swellbeing.Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufferingdementia,aserious

illnessofthemind.Staffincarehomeshavereportedareductionintheuseofmedicinewhere

hensareinuse.

Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.Shesaid:"Iusedtokeep

henswhenIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeIwentto

school.

tcIliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthehensout

anddownthereagainatnighttoseethey'vegonetobed.”

“It'sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenintoseethe

hensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.Tmenjoyingthecreativeactivities,andit

feelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseful.

Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,and

thecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountiywide.

WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkonthe

project,said:"Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Weare

lookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.^^

LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:"Wearehappytobetakingpartinthe

project.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.,,

8.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?

A.Toensureharmonyincarehomes,B.Toprovidepart-timejobsforthe

aged.

C.Toraisemoneyformedicalresearch,D.Topromotetheelderlypeople's

welfare.

9.HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?

A.Shehaslearnednewlifeskills.B.Shehasgainedasenseof

achievement.

C.Shehasrecoveredhermemory,D.Shehasdevelopedastrong

personality.

10.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon“meaninparagraph7?

A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.

Evaluate.

11.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?

A.Itiswellreceived.B.Itneedstobemorecreative.

C.Itishighlyprofitable.D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.

【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.A

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了旨在减少孤独，改善老年人的健康状况的项目。

8.D推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity（慈善组

织）toreducelonelinessandimproveelderlypeople'swellbeing（该项目由当地一家慈善机构构

想，旨在减少孤独，改善老年人的健康状况广可知，这个项目的目的是为了提高老年人的幸

福。故选D。

9.B推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“"It'sgoodtohaveadifferentfbcus.Peoplehavebeen

bringingtheirchildrenintoseethehensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.Tm

enjoyingthecreativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethingusefUL”（有彳;同的关注

点很好。人们把自己的孩子带进来看母鸡，居民们也来外面坐着看它们。我喜欢创造性的活

动，做一些有用的事情的感觉很好）''可推知，RuthXavier通过该项目获得了一种成就感。故

选B。

10.C词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段中的"Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheproject

andthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringto

peoplehere.（居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意会议。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们

带来好处和乐趣）''以及划线处前的“oneofthefirst（第一批人之一）''可知WendyWilson是着

手这项工程的人之一，划线处的含义与C项：“Begin（开始广含义相近。故选C。

11.A推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的"Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheproject

andthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringto

peoplehere.（居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意会议。我们期待这个项目能给这里的人们

带来好处和乐趣）”以及最后一段"LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:"Weare

happytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughashared

interestandcreativeactivities."（“诺丁山路径”的负责人林恩•刘易斯说:我们很高兴能参与这

个项目。它将通过共同的兴趣和创造性活动真正帮助我们的居民联系起来户可知，该项目的

反响很好。故选A。

2.C【2022・全国高考乙卷】

Canasmallgroupofdrones（无人机）guaranteethesafetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,at

thesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsofeuroseachyear?Thatistheverylikely

futureofapplyingtoday's"eyesinthesky9'technologytomakingsurethatthemillionsof

kilometresofrailtracksandinfrastructure（基石出设施）worldwidearesafefortrainsona24/7basis.

Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tensionelectricallines.Theycoulddo

preciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervitalaspectsofrailinfrastructuresuch

asthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.Themoreregularlytheycanbe

inspected,themorerailwaysafety,reliabilityandon-timeperformancewillbeimproved.Costs

wouldbecutandoperationswouldbemoreefficient（高效）acrosstheboard.

Thatincludeshugesavingsinmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnel

safety.ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20billioneurosayear

onmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspectandrepairtherail

infrastructure.Thatcanbedangerousworkthatcouldbeavoidedwithdronesassistingthecrews'

efforts.

Byusingthelatesttechnologies,dronescouldalsostartprovidinghigher-valueservicesfor

railways,detectingfaultsintherailorswitches,beforetheycancauseanysafetyproblems.To

performthesetasks,dronesforraildon'tneedtobeflyingoverhead.Engineersarenowworking

onanewconcept:theraildronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,

andprogrammedtorunautonomously.VerysmalldroneswithadvancedsensorsandAIand

travellingaheadofthetraincouldguideitlikeaco-pilot.Withtheirabilitytoseeahead,they

couldsignalanyproblem,sothatfast-movingtrainswouldbeabletoreactintime.

8.Whatmakestheapplicationofdronestoraillinespossible?

A.Theuseofdronesincheckingonpowerlines.B.Drones'abilitytoworkathigh

altitudes.

C.Thereductionofcostindesigningdrones.D.Drones'reliableperformancein

remoteareas.

9.Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?

A.Personnelsafety.B.Assistancefromdrones.

C.Inspectionandrepair.D.Constructionofinfrastructure.

10.Whatfunctionisexpectedoftheraildrones?

A.Toprovideearlywarning.B.Tomaketrainsrunautomatically.

C.Toearnprofitsforthecrews.D.Toacceleratetransportation.

11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WhatFaultsCanBeDetectedwithDrones

B.HowProductionofDronesCanBeExpanded

C.WhatDifficultyDroneDevelopmentWillFace

D.HowDronesWillChangetheFutureofRailways

【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.D

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。应用今天的“空中之眼’’的技术，无人机能在保证铁路安全可靠

的同时又能帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元。

8.A细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的"Dronesarealreadybeingusedtoexaminehigh-tension

electricallines.Theycoulddopreciselythesamethingtoinspectrailwaylinesandothervital

aspectsofrailinfrastructuresuchasthecorrectpositionofrailwaytracksandswitchingpoints.（无

人机已经被用于检查高压电线。他们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施

的其他重要方面，如铁路轨道和换乘点的正确位置户可知使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机

应用于铁路线路成为可能。故选A。

9.C词义猜测题。根据后文“ItiscalculatedthatEuropeanrailwaysalonespendapproximately20

billioneurosayearonmaintenance,includingsendingmaintenancestaff,oftenatnight,toinspect

andrepairtherailinfrastructure.（据统计，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为

200亿欧元，其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施）”可知花在

maintenance上的费用是用于“inspectandrepairtherailinfrastructure（检查和维修铁路基础设

施”，由此可知“Thatincludeshugesavingsinmainlenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailway

personnelsafety”是指大幅节省检修成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全，划线词和C项：

Inspectionandrepair（检修）含义相近。故选Co

10.B推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Engineersarenowworkingonanewconcept:therail

dronesofthefuture.Theywillbemovingonthetrackaheadofthetrain,andprogrammedtorun

autonomously（工程师们现在正在研究一个新概念:未来的铁路无人机。它们将在列车前方的

轨道上运行，并被设定为自动运行）”可知铁路无人机有望让火车自动运行。故选B。

11.D主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段“Canasmallgroupofdrones（无人机）guaranteethe

safetyandreliabilityofrailwaysand,atthesametime,helprailwayoperatorssavebillionsof

euroseachyear?Thatistheverylikelyfutureofapplyingtoday's"eyesinthesky,?technologyto

makingsurethatthemillionsofkilometersofrailtracksandinfrastructure（基出设施）worldwide

aresafefortrainsona24/7basis.（一小群无人机能否在保证铁路安全可靠的同时，帮助铁路运

营商每年节省数十亿欧元?这很可能是应用今天的“空中之眼”技术的未来，以确保全球数百

万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行。）”以及后文第二段讲到了使用无人机检查电

力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能;第三段讲到了使用无人机大幅节省维护成本和更

好地保护铁路人员安全；第四段讲到了通过使用最新的技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供

更高的价值，可知文章主要讲述了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来，所以D项“无人机将如何

改变铁路的未来。”符合文章中心思想，适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。

3.2022年1月浙江卷之A篇

Fornearlyadecadenow,Merebethhasbeenaself-employedpettransportspecialist.Herpet

transportjobwasbornofthefinancialcrisis（危机）inthelate2000s.Thedownturnhitthereal

estate（房地产）firmwhereshehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.Thefirmwentbroke

andleftherlookingforanewjob.Oneday,whiledrivingnearherhome,shesawadogwandering

ontheroad,clearlylost.Shetookithome,andhersisterinDenveragreedtotakeit.Thiswasa

lovinghomeforsure,but1,600milesaway.Itdidn'ttakelongforMerebethtodecidetodrivethe

dogthereherself.Itwasherfirstroadtriptohernewjob.

Merebeth'spetdeliveryservicealsosatisfiesherwanderlust.Ithastakenhertoeverystatein

theUSexceptMontana,WashingtonandOregon,shesaysproudly.Ifshewantstovisitanewplace,

shewillsimplyfindapetwithtransportneedsthere.Shetravelsinallweathers.Shehasdriven

through55mphwindsinWyoming,heavyfloodingandstormsinAlabamaandtotalwhiteout

conditionsinKansas.

Thiswanderlustisinheritedfromherfather,shesays.ShemovedtheirfamilyfromCanadato

Californiawhenshewasoneyearold,becausehewantedthemtoexploreanewplacetogether.As

soonasshegraduatedfromhighschoolshelefthometoliveonCatalinaIslandofftheCalifornian

coast,awayfromherparents,wheresheenjoyedalifeofsailingandoff-roadbiking.

Itturnsoutthatpettransportingpaysquitewellatabout$30000peryearbeforetax.She

doesn'tworkinsummer,asitwouldbeunpleasantlyhotfortheanimalsinthecar,evenwithair

conditioning.Asautumncomes,shegetsrestless-thesameoldwanderlustreturning.It'sacallshe

mustheedalone,though.Merebethsays,"WhenIamontheroad,I'mjustinmyownworld.Fve

alwaysbeenindependent-spiritedandIjustfeelstronglythatImushhelpanimals.*'

1.WhydidMerebethchangedherjob?

A.Shewantedtoworknearherhome.

B.Shewastiredofworkingintheoffice.

C.HersisteraskedhertomovetoDenver.

D.Herformeremployerwasoutofbusiness.

2.Theword"wanderlust1'inparagraph2meansadesireto?

A.makemoney.B.tryvariousjobs.

C.beclosetonature.D.traveltodifferentplaces.

3.WhatcanwelearnaboutMerebethinhernewjob?

A.Shehaschancestoseerareanimals.

B.Sheworkshardthroughouttheyear.

C.Shereliesonherselfthewholetime.

D.Sheearnsabasicandtax-freesalary.

【答案】l.D2.D3.C

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Merebeth从事的新工作。近十年来，她一直是一名

自营宠物运输专家。

[1题详解]推理判断题。根据第一段中“Thedownturnhittherealestate（房地产）firmwhere

shehadworkedfortenyearsasanofficemanager.Thefirmwentbrokeandleftherlookingfora

newjob.（她曾在一家房地产公司做了10年的办公室经理，经济低迷打击了这家公司。公

司破产了，她只好另寻新工作）“，可知，Merebeth之所以换工作，是因为她以前的雇主破

产了。故选D。

（2题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中“IthastakenhertoeverystateintheUSexceptMontana,

WashingtonandOregon,shesaysproudly.Ifshewantstovisitanewplace,shewillsimplyfinda

petwithtransportneedsthere.Shetravelsinallweathers.（她自豪地说,除了蒙大拿州、华盛

顿州和俄勒冈州，她走遍了美国所有的州。如果她想去一个新的地方，她只需要找到一个有

交通需要的宠物。她风雨无阻地旅行）“，可知，划线词的意思是“渴望去不同的地方旅行

故选Do

【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“WhenIamontheroad,I'mjustinmyownworld.Tve

alwaysbeenindependent-spiritedand1justfeelstronglythatImushhelpanimals.（当我在路上的

时候，我只是在自己的世界里。我一直很独立，我强烈地觉得我必须帮助动物）“，可知，

Merebeth在她的新工作中•直都是靠自己。故选C。

4.2021年全国甲卷之C篇

WhenIwas9,wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesandarrivedatHeathrow,Londonona

grayJanuarymorning.Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmy

belovedbeachesandendlessblue—skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadea

discovery.

Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethe

continuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.Ilovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththe

localskaters.Wespokeourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.

Itmeantdon'tworryaboutit.Once,whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam（横杆），Ifellontothe

stones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andTobycameover,helpingmeup:Safe,man.Safe.Afew

minuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheirboardsloud,shouting:"Safe!Safe!

Safe!”Andthafswhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.

WhenIwas15,myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingthere,butthelocals

werefarlesswelcoming.Withinacoupleofyears,I'dgivenitup.

WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004,1foundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbank,spending

hoursthere.I'vetraveledbackseveraltimessince,mostrecentlythispastspring.Thedaywas

coldbutclear:touristsandLondonersstoppedtowatchtheskaters.Weaving（穿梭）amongthe

kidswhorushedbyontheirboards,Ifoundmywaytothebeam.Thenarail-thinteenager,ina

baggywhiteT-shirt,skidded（滑）uptothebeam.Hesatnexttome.Heseemednottonoticethe

mannexttohim.ButsoonIcaughtafewofhisglances.UIwasalocalhere20yearsago,“Itold

him.Then,slowly,hebegantonodhishead."Safe,man.Safb.”

“Yeah,“Isaid."Safe.”

8.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorsoonafterhemovedtoLondon?

A.Hefeltdisappointed.B.Hegaveuphishobby.

C.Helikedtheweatherthere.D.Hehaddisagreementswithhis

family.

9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"Safe!Safe!Safe!,,probablymean?

A.Becareful!B.Welldone!C.Noway!D.Don*t

worry!

10.WhydidtheauthorliketospendtimeinSouthbankwhenhereturnedtoLondon?

A.Tojointheskateboarding.B.Tomakenewfriends.

C.lblearnmoretricks.D.Torelivehischildhooddays

11.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?

A.Childrenshouldlearnasecondlanguage.

BSportisnecessaryforchildren'shealth.

C.Childrenneedasenseofbelonging

D.Seeingtheworldisamustforchildren.

【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C

【解析】本文属于记叙文。本文讲述作者自己的经历，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找

到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后，经常去

之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆，在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己

久违的熟悉感。

[8题】推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.

Withoutmybelovedbeachesandendlessblue-skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.（除了我

之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天，我感到迷茫和无措）“可知，

作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩，不能很好的融入到新的城市，感到很沮丧，故选

Ao

（9题】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“Andthafswhatmattered一landingtricks,beingagood

skater.（那才是真正重要的——滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家厂可知，作者掌

握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是赞美的含义，结

合选项，故选B。

[10题】推理判断题。根据第四段“"Iwasalocalhere20yearsago,**Itoldhim.Then,slowly,he

begantonodhishead."Safe,man.Safe."”（我告诉他：“我20年前经常在这里玩滑板，“他缓慢

地开始向我点头：“嗨，你好！”户可推知，作者去Southbank这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑

板的回忆，故选De

[11题】推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑

板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。但是搬去华盛顿，因为没有遇到很好

的玩滑板的朋友，几年之后就不再玩滑板，作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻

找自己的回忆，在于一个孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的回忆。通过作者的经历，

作者要表达的是，归属感对于孩子是很重要的，故选C。

5.2021年6月浙江卷

Weliveinatownwiththreebeaches.Therearetwopartslessthan10minutes,walkfrom

homewhereneighborhoodchildrengathertoplay.However,whatmychildrenwanttodoafter

schoolispickupascreen-anyscreen-andstareatitforhours.Theyarenotalone.Today's

childrenspendanaverageoffourandahalfhoursadaylookingatscreens,splitbetween

watchingtelevisionandusingtheInternet.

Inthepastfewyears,anincreasingnumberofpeopleandorganisationshavebeguncoming

upwithplanstocounterthistrend.Acoupleofyearsagofilm-makerDavidBondrealisedthathis

children,thenagedfiveandthree,wereattachedtoscreenstothepointwherehewasabletosay

“chocolate“intohisthree-year-oldson'searwithoutgettingaresponse.Herealisedthat

somethingneededtochange,and,beingaLondonmediatype,appointedhimself"marketing

directorfromNature”.Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnatureasabrandtobe

marketedtoyoungpeople.TheresultwasProjectWildThing,afilmwhichchartsthebirthofthe

WorldNetwork,agroupoforganisationswiththecommongoalofgettingchildrenoutinto

nature.

“Justfivemoreminutesoutdoorscanmakeadifference,DavidBondsays."Thereisalotof

reallyinterestingevidencewhichseemstobesuggestingthatifchildrenareinspireduptotheage

ofseven,thenbeingoutdoorswillbeonhabitfbrHisownchildrenhavegotintothehabitof

playingoutsidenow:"Wejustsendthemoutintothegardenandtellthemnottocomebackinfbr

awhile.^^

Summerisuponus.Thereisanamazingworldoutthere,anditneedsourchildrenasmuch

astheyneedit.Letusgetthemoutandletthemplay.

4.Whatistheproblemwiththeauthor'schildren?

A.Theyoftenannoytheirneighbours,B.Theyaretiredofdoingtheir

homework.

C.TheyhavenofriendstoplaywithD.Theystayinfrontofscreensfortoo

long.

5.HowdidDavidBondadvocatehisidea?

A.Bymakingadocumentaryfilm.B.Byorganizingoutdooractivities.

C.ByadvertisinginLondonmedia.D.Bycreatinganetworkoffriends.

6.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"charts“inparagraph2?

A.recordsB.predictsC.delaysD.

confirms

7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.LetChildrenHaveFunB.YoungChildrenNeedMoreFree

Time

C.MarketNaturetoChildrenD.DavidBond:ARoleModelfor

Children

【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.C

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了电影制作人DavidBond为了让孩子们远

离屏幕，拍摄自己的旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻人。

【4题】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However,whatmychildrenwanttodoafterschool

ispickupascreen—anyscreen—andstareatitforhours.（然而，我的孩子们放学后想做的是

拿起一个屏幕一任何屏幕——盯着它看几个小时）“可知，作者的孩子在屏幕前呆的时间太

长了。故选D项。

[5题】细节理解题。根据第二段“Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreatingnature

asabrandtobemarkedtoyoungpeople.（他记录了他的旅程，他开始把大自然当作一个品牌，

让年轻人看到）”可知，DavidBond通过拍一个纪录片宣传他的想法。故选A项。

【6题】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“a加优可知，本句主语是•部电影，下文“thebirth

oftheWorldNetwork（世界网络的诞生）”解释了这部电影的主旨。由此推知，划线词charts

意为“记录、描绘“，与“records”意思一致。故选A项。

【7题】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Hedocumentedhisjourneyashesetabouttreating

natureasabrandtobemarketedtoyoungpeople.TheresultwasProjectWildThing,afilmwhich

chartsthebirthoftheWorldNetwork,agroupoforganisationswiththecommongoalofgetting

childrenoutintonature.（他把自己的旅行记录下来，开始把自然当作一个品牌，推销给年轻

人。其结果是ProjectWildThing,一部记录了WorldNetwork（世界网络）诞生的电影，World

Network（世界网络）是以让孩子们接触大自然为共同目标的团体户可推知，本文主要讲述了

电影制作人DavidBond为了让孩子们远离屏幕，拍摄自己的旅行，并将自然当作一个品牌，

推销给年轻人。由此可知，C项MarketNaturetoChildren（把自然推销给年轻人）适合作本文

标题。故选C项。

6.2020年山东卷之C篇

Inthemid-1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftafter

sevenmonths,physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothe

country,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.

Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:

LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkentto

Karakalpakstan,wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.Itis

thestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland,andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway:

Rustam,histranslator,alovely24-year-oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia,Oleg

andNatasha,hishostsinTashkent,andastringofforeignaidworkers.

ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarker

sideofsociety.InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswayto

Bukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattends

amountainfuneral（葬礼）followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heis

saddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.

MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences,makinghistalea

well-roundedpictureofUzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.Hisjudgmentandreferencesare

decidedlyAmerican,aswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravel

norahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvivid

descriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.

8.WhatmadeMrBissellreturntoUzbekistan?

A.Hisfriends*invitation.B.Hisinterestinthecountry.

C.Hisloveforteaching.D.Hisdesiretoregainhealth.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that"inparagraph2referto?

ADevelopingaseriousmentaldisease.

B.TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.

C.WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.

D.WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.

10.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrBissell'sroadtripinUzbekistan?

A.Romantic.B.Eventful.C.Pleasant.D.

Dangerous.

11.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?

A.Tointroduceabook.B.Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.

C.Torememberawriter.D.Torecommendatraveldestination.

【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.A

【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Bissell写的《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》这本

书。这本书是Bissell在乌兹别克斯坦做志愿者后写的，是对乌兹别克斯坦人生活的一个快

速观察。

8.细节理解题。根据第一段的"Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedto

UzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAraSea”可知,几年后>Bissell仍然

被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章。因此推断出对这个

国家的兴趣让Bissell先生再次返回乌兹别克斯坦。故选Bo

9.词句猜测题。划线句是第二段首句，that用来指代上文提的事情，因此推断that指代

第一段的内容，根据第一段最后一句"Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturned

toUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea（几年后，仍然被这个国

家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章）“可知，that指代写了一篇关

于死海消失的文章这件事，故选D。

10.推理判断题。根据第三段"ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendliness

andwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitectural

wonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrug

dealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral（葬礼）followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.

AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmiles

fromthesea.”可知，在乌兹别克斯坦的旅途中，MrBissell既体会到了友善和温暖，也看到

了社会的黑暗面。在撒马尔罕，MrBissell欣赏到了的建筑奇观。在前往布哈拉的路上，他

因为被怀疑进行毒品交易，他尝到了警察的伎俩。在费尔干纳，他参加了一个山区葬礼，然

后参加了一个奇怪的酒会。在卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦，他为沙尘暴、疾病和被困在数英里外的渔

船而难过。由此可知，在旅途中，他经历了很多事情。结合选项，B选项（充满事件的，多

事的）可以表达此意。故选B。

11.推理判断题。文章第一段提到书的作者的乌兹别克斯坦之行，引出他写的书，接下

来三段讲述了他的书《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》的故事内容，是乌兹别克斯坦生

活的一个快速观察。因此推断本文的写作目的是介绍一本书。故选A。

7.2021年新高考I卷之C篇

WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlands

werealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthese

preciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswho

followedonlyafewdecadestodecimate_alargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl

（水禽）werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.

Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatly

reducingwaterfowlhabitat.

In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct（Act）,anincreasingly

concernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory（迁徙的）waterfowland

thewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageand

overmustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.TheveryfirstFederalDuckStamp

wasdesignedbyJ.N."Ding"Darling,apoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoines,Iowa,whoatthat

timewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRooseveltasDirectoroftheBureauofBiological

Survey.Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalofournaturalresources.

About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBird

ConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNational

WildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforall

generationstocome.Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundto

purchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.Littlew